氟他胺:修订间差异
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{{chemref|time=2012-06-08T13:05:20+00:00}} |
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{{Drugbox |
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⚫ | |||
| Watchedfields = changed |
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| verifiedrevid = 461102563 |
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| IUPAC_name = 2-Methyl-''N''-[4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanamide |
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| image = Flutamide.svg |
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| width = 225px |
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| image2 = Flutamide molecule ball.png |
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| width2 = 225px |
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<!--Clinical data--> |
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氟他胺已經被這類的新一代藥物 Bicalutamide 給取代,因為新一代的藥物副作用較少。 |
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| tradename = Eulexin, others |
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| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|flutamide}} |
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| MedlinePlus = a697045 |
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| pregnancy_category = D |
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| legal_status = Rx-only |
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| routes_of_administration = [[口服]] |
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<!--Pharmacokinetic data--> |
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| bioavailability = >90%<ref name="Flutamide-Label">{{Cite web|url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=d037fb0c-881f-43d2-8693-aa1342d0130a&type=display|title=Flutamide Capsules USP|access-date=2022-06-08|archive-date=2020-08-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812193003/https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=d037fb0c-881f-43d2-8693-aa1342d0130a&type=display}}</ref> |
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| protein_bound = 氟他胺:94–96%<ref name="Flutamide-Label" /><br />羟基氟他胺:92–94%<ref name="Flutamide-Label" /> |
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| metabolism = [[肝]]([[CYP1A2]])<ref name="Lehne2013">{{cite book|author=Richard A. Lehne|title=Pharmacology for Nursing Care|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_4SwO2dHcAIC&pg=PA1297|year=2013|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-1-4377-3582-6|pages=1297–|access-date=2022-06-08|archive-date=2020-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727121540/https://books.google.com/books?id=_4SwO2dHcAIC&pg=PA1297}}</ref><ref name="ChabnerLongo2010" /> |
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| metabolites = {{le|羟基氟他胺|Hydroxyflutamide}}<ref name="pmid10495361">{{cite journal | vauthors = Diamanti-Kandarakis E | title = Current aspects of antiandrogen therapy in women | journal = Curr. Pharm. Des. | volume = 5 | issue = 9 | pages = 707–23 | date = September 1999 | pmid = 10495361 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=9rfNZL6oEO0C&pg=PA707 | access-date = 2022-06-08 | archive-date = 2020-02-27 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200227012541/https://books.google.com/books?id=9rfNZL6oEO0C&pg=PA707 }}</ref><ref name="ChabnerLongo2010">{{cite book|author1=Bruce A. Chabner|author2=Dan L. Longo|title=Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy: Principles and Practice|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WL4arNFsQa8C&pg=PA679|date=8 November 2010|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-60547-431-1|pages=679–|access-date=2022-06-08|archive-date=2021-09-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914082415/https://books.google.com/books?id=WL4arNFsQa8C&pg=PA679}}</ref> |
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| elimination_half-life = 氟他胺:5–6小时<ref name="Gulley2011">{{cite book|author=James Leonard Gulley|title=Prostate Cancer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WJkjgbRJe3EC&pg=PT81|year=2011|publisher=Demos Medical Publishing|isbn=978-1-935281-91-7|pages=81–|access-date=2022-06-08|archive-date=2021-09-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914082414/https://books.google.com/books?id=WJkjgbRJe3EC&pg=PT81}}</ref><ref name="ChabnerLongo2010" /><br />羟基氟他胺:8–10小时<ref name="LemkeWilliams2012">{{cite book|author1=Thomas L. Lemke|author2=David A. Williams|title=Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Sd6ot9ul-bUC&pg=PA1373|date=24 January 2012|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-60913-345-0|pages=1373–|access-date=2022-06-08|archive-date=2021-09-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914082422/https://books.google.com/books?id=Sd6ot9ul-bUC&pg=PA1373}}</ref><ref name="DenisGriffiths1999">{{cite book|author1=Louis J Denis|author2=Keith Griffiths|author3=Amir V Kaisary|author4=Gerald P Murphy|title=Textbook of Prostate Cancer: Pathology, Diagnosis and Treatment: Pathology, Diagnosis and Treatment|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GreZlojD-tYC&pg=PA280|date=1 March 1999|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-85317-422-3|pages=279–280|access-date=2022-06-08|archive-date=2020-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727105022/https://books.google.com/books?id=GreZlojD-tYC&pg=PA280}}</ref><ref name="ChabnerLongo2010" /><ref name="Flutamide-Label" /> |
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| excretion = [[小便]]<ref name="Flutamide-Label" /><br />[[大便]](4.2%)<ref name="Flutamide-Label" /> |
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<!--Identifiers--> |
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⚫ | |||
| IUPHAR_ligand = 6943 |
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| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} |
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| CAS_number = 13311-84-7 |
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| ATC_prefix = L02 |
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| ATC_suffix = BB01 |
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| ATC_supplemental = |
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| PubChem = 3397 |
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| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} |
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| DrugBank = DB00499 |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 3280 |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII = 76W6J0943E |
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| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} |
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| KEGG = D00586 |
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| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} |
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| ChEBI = 5132 |
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| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} |
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| ChEMBL = 806 |
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<!--Chemical data--> |
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=== 仿單標示外使用 === |
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| C=11 | H=11 | F=3 | N=2 | O=3 |
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| SMILES = CC(C)C(=O)NC1=CC(=C(C=C1)[N+](=O)[O-])C(F)(F)F |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI = 1S/C11H11F3N2O3/c1-6(2)10(17)15-7-3-4-9(16(18)19)8(5-7)11(12,13)14/h3-6H,1-2H3,(H,15,17) |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey = MKXKFYHWDHIYRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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<!--Physical data--> |
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| melting_point = 111.5 |
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| melting_high = 112.5 |
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}} |
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因新一代藥物[[比卡鲁胺]]副作用較少,氟他胺已經被這類藥物取代。 |
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=== 性别肯定激素治疗 === |
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== 藥物動力學 == |
== 藥物動力學 == |
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吸收之後 |
吸收之後,氟他胺會被很快的經由α-羟基化而變成活性代謝物——羟氟他胺。它會被代謝承很多形式而經[[尿液]]排泄。最常見的形式是 2-氨基-5-硝基-4-(三氟甲基)酚。 |
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它具有很短的作用時間,所以一天必須服用三次。 |
它具有很短的作用時間,所以一天必須服用三次。 |
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== 化學特性 == |
== 化學特性 == |
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跟它所競爭的賀爾蒙不同 |
跟它所競爭的[[賀爾蒙|荷爾蒙]]不同,氟他胺並非[[類固醇]],而是去有[[取代基]]的[[苯胺]],所以它被稱為'''非類固醇。''' |
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==参考资料== |
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{{reflist}} |
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[[Category:抗雄激素物质]] |
[[Category:抗雄激素物质]] |
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[[Category:腈]] |
[[Category:腈]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:硝基苯]] |
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[[Category:酰替苯胺]] |
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[[ |
[[Category:醇]] |
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[[Category:三氟甲基化合物]] |
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[[Category:肝毒素]] |
2024年5月25日 (六) 05:50的最新版本
此條目缺少或没有列出参考或来源,或者有未能查证的内容。 (2012年6月8日) |
臨床資料 | |
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商品名 | Eulexin, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a697045 |
懷孕分級 |
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给药途径 | 口服 |
ATC碼 | |
法律規範狀態 | |
法律規範 |
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藥物動力學數據 | |
生物利用度 | >90%[1] |
血漿蛋白結合率 | 氟他胺:94–96%[1] 羟基氟他胺:92–94%[1] |
药物代谢 | 肝(CYP1A2)[7][3] |
代謝產物 | 羟基氟他胺[2][3] |
生物半衰期 | 氟他胺:5–6小时[4][3] 羟基氟他胺:8–10小时[5][6][3][1] |
排泄途徑 | 小便[1] 大便(4.2%)[1] |
识别信息 | |
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CAS号 | 13311-84-7 |
PubChem CID | |
IUPHAR/BPS | |
DrugBank | |
ChemSpider | |
UNII | |
KEGG | |
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.033.024 |
化学信息 | |
化学式 | C11H11F3N2O3 |
摩尔质量 | 276.22 g·mol−1 |
3D模型(JSmol) | |
熔点 | 111.5至112.5 °C(232.7至234.5 °F) |
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氟他胺(英語:Flutamide),是口服的非類固醇類抗雄性激素藥品,主要用於治療前列腺癌。它會与睪酮和其活性代謝产物双氢睾酮(DHT)競爭攝護腺內的雄性激素受體,藉由這個作用抑制攝護腺癌的成長。氟他胺也可以用於體內有過多雄性激素的女性,特別是有多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的女性。氟他胺的商品名為Eulexin,由先灵葆雅藥廠生產。
因新一代藥物比卡鲁胺副作用較少,氟他胺已經被這類藥物取代。
適應症
[编辑]前列腺癌
[编辑]性别肯定激素治疗
[编辑]氟他胺可以用於跨性别女性的性别肯定激素治疗(GAHT)。但是,並不鼓勵將此药使用於這方面,因為用於攝護腺癌有肝毒性hepatotoxicity的相關報告。可以用醋酸环丙孕酮或者螺内酯作為替代藥物。
副作用
[编辑]除了上述有提到的作用外,氟他胺還會引致男性女乳症(gynecomastia),它莫西芬可以稍微抵制這個副作用。有些病人會有輕微的肝損傷,但在停止使用藥物之後就會恢復。另外,氟他胺會有腸胃道的副作用。 比卡鲁胺之所以可以取代氟他胺的其中一個原因就是它的上述副作用比較輕微。
藥物動力學
[编辑]吸收之後,氟他胺會被很快的經由α-羟基化而變成活性代謝物——羟氟他胺。它會被代謝承很多形式而經尿液排泄。最常見的形式是 2-氨基-5-硝基-4-(三氟甲基)酚。
它具有很短的作用時間,所以一天必須服用三次。
化學特性
[编辑]跟它所競爭的荷爾蒙不同,氟他胺並非類固醇,而是去有取代基的苯胺,所以它被稱為非類固醇。
参考资料
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Flutamide Capsules USP. [2022-06-08]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-12).
- ^ Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Current aspects of antiandrogen therapy in women. Curr. Pharm. Des. September 1999, 5 (9): 707–23 [2022-06-08]. PMID 10495361. (原始内容存档于2020-02-27).
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Bruce A. Chabner; Dan L. Longo. Cancer Chemotherapy and Biotherapy: Principles and Practice. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 8 November 2010: 679– [2022-06-08]. ISBN 978-1-60547-431-1. (原始内容存档于2021-09-14).
- ^ James Leonard Gulley. Prostate Cancer. Demos Medical Publishing. 2011: 81– [2022-06-08]. ISBN 978-1-935281-91-7. (原始内容存档于2021-09-14).
- ^ Thomas L. Lemke; David A. Williams. Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 24 January 2012: 1373– [2022-06-08]. ISBN 978-1-60913-345-0. (原始内容存档于2021-09-14).
- ^ Louis J Denis; Keith Griffiths; Amir V Kaisary; Gerald P Murphy. Textbook of Prostate Cancer: Pathology, Diagnosis and Treatment: Pathology, Diagnosis and Treatment. CRC Press. 1 March 1999: 279–280 [2022-06-08]. ISBN 978-1-85317-422-3. (原始内容存档于2020-07-27).
- ^ Richard A. Lehne. Pharmacology for Nursing Care. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2013: 1297– [2022-06-08]. ISBN 978-1-4377-3582-6. (原始内容存档于2020-07-27).