矽肺病:修订间差异
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| name = 矽肺 |
| name = 矽肺病 |
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| synonyms = Miner's phthisis, Grinder's asthma, Potter's rot<ref name="PlantVoulvoulis2012">{{cite book|author1=Jane A. Plant|author2=Nick Voulvoulis|author3=K. Vala Ragnarsdottir|title=Pollutants, Human Health and the Environment: A Risk Based Approach|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D3JS6NXez5oC&pg=PA273|access-date=2012-08-24|date=2012-03-13|language=en|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-470-74261-7|page=273|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231171222/http://books.google.com/books?id=D3JS6NXez5oC&pg=PA273|archive-date=31 December 2013}}</ref> [[pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis]]{{refn|{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200322184047/https://www.lexico.com/definition/pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis |url-status=dead |archive-date=2020-03-22 |title=Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}} |language=en}}{{refn|{{MerriamWebsterDictionary|Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis}}}} |
| synonyms = Miner's phthisis, Grinder's asthma, Potter's rot<ref name="PlantVoulvoulis2012">{{cite book|author1=Jane A. Plant|author2=Nick Voulvoulis|author3=K. Vala Ragnarsdottir|title=Pollutants, Human Health and the Environment: A Risk Based Approach|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D3JS6NXez5oC&pg=PA273|access-date=2012-08-24|date=2012-03-13|language=en|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-470-74261-7|page=273|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231171222/http://books.google.com/books?id=D3JS6NXez5oC&pg=PA273|archive-date=31 December 2013}}</ref> [[pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis]]{{refn|{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200322184047/https://www.lexico.com/definition/pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis |url-status=dead |archive-date=2020-03-22 |title=Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}} |language=en}}{{refn|{{MerriamWebsterDictionary|Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis}}}} |
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| image = Coupe de poumon atteint de silicose.jpg |
| image = Coupe de poumon atteint de silicose.jpg |
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| image_size = 250px |
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| caption = 罹患矽肺的肺部切片 |
| caption = 罹患矽肺病的肺部切片 |
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| pronounce = |
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| field = [[胸腔醫學]] |
| field = [[胸腔醫學]] |
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'''矽肺'''({{lang |
'''矽肺病'''<ref>{{樂詞網|term =矽肺病 |urlid =71851bbbdb79799263e5ebda98a5d2ed |access-date = }}</ref>({{lang|en|silicosis}})又稱'''-{硅}-沉着病'''<ref>{{术语在线|term =硅沉着病 |urlid =605eb0e326a811eea0c4b068e6519520 |access-date = }}</ref>,簡稱'''矽肺'''、'''-{硅}-肺'''<ref>{{术语在线|term =硅肺 |urlid =75a211be26af11eeabf3b068e6519520 |access-date = }}</ref>,屬於一種[[塵肺病]],是因长期吸入含大量游离矽塵(二氧化硅粉尘)導致的[[職業病]],主要病理特征为肺上葉出現广泛结节性纤维化<ref>Derived from [[Ancient Greek|Gr.]] πνεῦμα ''pneúm''|a (lung) + buffer vowel ''-o-'' + κόνις ''kóni''|s (dust) + Eng. scient. suff. -''osis'' (like in asbest"osis" and silic"osis", see ref. 10).</ref>。 |
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矽肺病有三种形式:慢性、急性和介于两者之间的加速性硅沉着病。临床表现形式与接触粉尘浓度、硅含量、接尘年限有显著关系,以慢性最常见。而急性矽肺病症狀為[[呼吸困难]]、咳嗽、發燒、[[發紺]]。它通常會被誤診為[[肺水腫]]、[[肺炎]]、[[结核病]]。利用工作場所的控制措施,矽肺病是一種幾乎可以被完全預防的職業病<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-07-22 |title=Prevention of Silicosis Deaths |url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/updates/93-124.html |language=en |access-date=2024-01-25 |archive-date=2023-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411201934/https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/updates/93-124.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>。 |
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2013年為止,矽肺導致4萬3千人死亡,低於1990年的五萬人。<ref name=GDB2013>{{cite journal|last1=GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death|first1=Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.|journal=Lancet|date=17 December 2014|pmid=25530442|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2|pmc=4340604|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71}}</ref> |
2013年為止,矽肺導致4萬3千人死亡,低於1990年的五萬人。<ref name=GDB2013>{{cite journal|last1=GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death|first1=Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.|journal=Lancet|date=17 December 2014|pmid=25530442|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2|pmc=4340604|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71}}</ref> |
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英語 |
英語 silicosis(來自拉丁語 ''silex'',意思為燧石)最初是由[[米蘭綜合醫院|米蘭公立醫院]]的[[屍體解剖示範者]]阿基爾·維斯康蒂(Achille Visconti)(1836-1911年)於1870年使用的<ref>''United States Bureau of Mines,'' "Bulletin: Volumes 476–478", ''U.S. G.P.O., (1995),'' p 63.</ref>。早在古希臘和古羅馬時期,人們就認識到吸入粉塵會導致呼吸系統問題<ref>Rosen G: The History of Miners' Diseases: A Medical and Social Interpretation. New York, Schuman, 1943, pp.459–476.</ref>。16世紀中葉,[[格奧爾格·阿格里科拉|阿格里科拉]]就寫到了礦工因吸入粉塵導致的肺部問題。1713年,伯納迪諾·拉馬齊尼(Bernardino Ramazzini)注意到石材切割工人出現哮喘症狀,其肺部出現砂粒般的物質。1720年,煅燒燧石屑作為原材料被引進英國陶瓷工業。不到10年的時間,人們就注意到煅燒燧石屑對工人肺部的負面影響<ref>'The Successful Prevention Of Silicosis Among China Biscuit Workers In The North Staffordshire Potteries.' A. Meiklejohn. British Journal Of Industrial Medicine, October 1963; 20(4): 255–263</ref>。 |
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和手工工具相比,隨著工業化的發展,粉塵的產生量也在增加,[[手提鑽]]於1897年問世,[[喷砂]]於1904年問世,兩者都大大地增加了矽肺病的發病風險 |
和手工工具相比,隨著工業化的發展,粉塵的產生量也在增加,[[手提鑽]]於1897年問世,[[喷砂]]於1904年問世,兩者都大大地增加了矽肺病的發病風險<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite journal |title=Diseases associated with exposure to silica and nonfibrous silicate minerals. Silicosis and Silicate Disease Committee |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_archives-of-pathology-laboratory-medicine_1988-07_112_7/page/673 |journal=Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=673–720 |date=July 1988 |pmid=2838005 }}</ref>。1938年[[美國勞工部]]在當時[[美国劳工部长]][[弗朗西丝·珀金斯]]的領導下拍攝了一部名為「制止矽肺病(Stop Silicosis)」的影片,討論了這一項長達一年的全美矽肺病例增加的研究成果<ref>{{Citation |title=Stop Silicosis |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GtYErK9KjQ8 |language=en |access-date=2022-04-21 |archive-date=2022-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421022930/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GtYErK9KjQ8 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。 |
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==來源== |
==來源== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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== 外部連結 == |
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{{commons category}} |
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* [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/silica/default.html Crystalline silica] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/silica/default.html |date=20230721163253 }}, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, US. |
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* [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/96-112/default.html Preventing Silicosis and Deaths in Construction workers] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/96-112/default.html |date=20230417001300 }}, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, US. |
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* [https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/OSHA3681.pdf OSHA’s Respirable Crystalline Silica Standard for Construction] {{Wayback|url=https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/OSHA3681.pdf |date=20230519160404 }}, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, US. |
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{{Medical resources |
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| DiseasesDB = 12117 |
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| ICD10 = {{ICD10|J|62||j|60}} |
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| ICD9 = {{ICD9|502}} |
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| ICDO = |
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| OMIM = |
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| MedlinePlus = 000134 |
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| eMedicineSubj = med |
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| eMedicineTopic = 2127 |
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| MeshID = D012829 |
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}} |
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{{Respiratory pathology}} |
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{{職業安全與健康}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:外部因素引起的肺部疾病]] |
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[[Category:職業病]] |
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[[Category:结缔组织疾病]] |
2024年6月17日 (一) 18:58的最新版本
矽肺病 | |
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又称 | Miner's phthisis, Grinder's asthma, Potter's rot[1] pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis[2][3] |
罹患矽肺病的肺部切片 | |
鑑別診斷 | 滑石肺病、黑肺病 |
分类和外部资源 | |
醫學專科 | 胸腔醫學 |
ICD-11 | CA60.0 |
ICD-9-CM | 502 |
DiseasesDB | 12117 |
MedlinePlus | 000134 |
eMedicine | 302027 |
矽肺病[4](silicosis)又稱硅沉着病[5],簡稱矽肺、硅肺[6],屬於一種塵肺病,是因长期吸入含大量游离矽塵(二氧化硅粉尘)導致的職業病,主要病理特征为肺上葉出現广泛结节性纤维化[7]。
矽肺病有三种形式:慢性、急性和介于两者之间的加速性硅沉着病。临床表现形式与接触粉尘浓度、硅含量、接尘年限有显著关系,以慢性最常见。而急性矽肺病症狀為呼吸困难、咳嗽、發燒、發紺。它通常會被誤診為肺水腫、肺炎、结核病。利用工作場所的控制措施,矽肺病是一種幾乎可以被完全預防的職業病[8]。
2013年為止,矽肺導致4萬3千人死亡,低於1990年的五萬人。[9]
英語 silicosis(來自拉丁語 silex,意思為燧石)最初是由米蘭公立醫院的屍體解剖示範者阿基爾·維斯康蒂(Achille Visconti)(1836-1911年)於1870年使用的[10]。早在古希臘和古羅馬時期,人們就認識到吸入粉塵會導致呼吸系統問題[11]。16世紀中葉,阿格里科拉就寫到了礦工因吸入粉塵導致的肺部問題。1713年,伯納迪諾·拉馬齊尼(Bernardino Ramazzini)注意到石材切割工人出現哮喘症狀,其肺部出現砂粒般的物質。1720年,煅燒燧石屑作為原材料被引進英國陶瓷工業。不到10年的時間,人們就注意到煅燒燧石屑對工人肺部的負面影響[12]。
和手工工具相比,隨著工業化的發展,粉塵的產生量也在增加,手提鑽於1897年問世,喷砂於1904年問世,兩者都大大地增加了矽肺病的發病風險[13]。1938年美國勞工部在當時美国劳工部长弗朗西丝·珀金斯的領導下拍攝了一部名為「制止矽肺病(Stop Silicosis)」的影片,討論了這一項長達一年的全美矽肺病例增加的研究成果[14]。
來源
[编辑]- ^ Jane A. Plant; Nick Voulvoulis; K. Vala Ragnarsdottir. Pollutants, Human Health and the Environment: A Risk Based Approach. John Wiley & Sons. 2012-03-13: 273 [2012-08-24]. ISBN 978-0-470-74261-7. (原始内容存档于31 December 2013) (英语).
- ^ Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis. Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. (原始内容存档于2020-03-22).
- ^ Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis. Merriam-Webster Dictionary.
- ^ 矽肺病. 樂詞網. 國家教育研究院. (繁體中文)
- ^ 硅沉着病. 术语在线. 全国科学技术名词审定委员会. (简体中文)
- ^ 硅肺. 术语在线. 全国科学技术名词审定委员会. (简体中文)
- ^ Derived from Gr. πνεῦμα pneúm|a (lung) + buffer vowel -o- + κόνις kóni|s (dust) + Eng. scient. suff. -osis (like in asbest"osis" and silic"osis", see ref. 10).
- ^ Prevention of Silicosis Deaths. 2015-07-22 [2024-01-25]. (原始内容存档于2023-04-11) (英语).
- ^ GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.. Lancet. 17 December 2014, 385 (9963): 117–71. PMC 4340604 . PMID 25530442. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2.
- ^ United States Bureau of Mines, "Bulletin: Volumes 476–478", U.S. G.P.O., (1995), p 63.
- ^ Rosen G: The History of Miners' Diseases: A Medical and Social Interpretation. New York, Schuman, 1943, pp.459–476.
- ^ 'The Successful Prevention Of Silicosis Among China Biscuit Workers In The North Staffordshire Potteries.' A. Meiklejohn. British Journal Of Industrial Medicine, October 1963; 20(4): 255–263
- ^ Diseases associated with exposure to silica and nonfibrous silicate minerals. Silicosis and Silicate Disease Committee. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. July 1988, 112 (7): 673–720. PMID 2838005.
- ^ Stop Silicosis, [2022-04-21], (原始内容存档于2022-04-21) (英语)
外部連結
[编辑]- Crystalline silica (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, US.
- Preventing Silicosis and Deaths in Construction workers (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, US.
- OSHA’s Respirable Crystalline Silica Standard for Construction (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Occupational Safety and Health Administration, US.