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2016年净选盟5.0集会:修订间差异

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* 加强议会民主
* 加强议会民主
* 赋予[[沙巴州]]和[[砂拉越州]]权力
* 赋予[[沙巴州]]和[[砂拉越州]]权力
* 首相[[纳吉·阿都拉萨]]辞职<ref>{{cite web|title=Former Malaysian PM Mahathir Mohamad urges citizens to join protest against Najib Razak|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-11-16/mahathir-urges-malaysians-to-join-protest-against-najib/8031864|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|accessdate=17 November 2016}}</ref>
* 首相[[纳吉·阿都拉萨]]辞职<ref>{{cite web|title=Former Malaysian PM Mahathir Mohamad urges citizens to join protest against Najib Razak|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-11-16/mahathir-urges-malaysians-to-join-protest-against-najib/8031864|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|accessdate=2016-11-17|archive-date=2016-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117154732/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-11-16/mahathir-urges-malaysians-to-join-protest-against-najib/8031864|dead-url=no}}</ref>
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| methods = [[游行]]
| methods = [[游行]]
| side1 = [[干净与公平选举联盟]](净选盟)
| side1 = [[干净与公平选举联盟]](净选盟)
| side2 = 红色衣人群<br />橙色衣人群<ref name="says171116">{{cite web|title=After Red Shirts, Now These Orange Shirts Want To Join The Anti-Bersih Bandwagon|url=http://says.com/my/news/orange-shirt-malaysia-makkal-sakti-party|website=SAYS.com|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref>
| side2 = 红色衣人群<br />橙色衣人群<ref name="says171116">{{cite web|title=After Red Shirts, Now These Orange Shirts Want To Join The Anti-Bersih Bandwagon|url=http://says.com/my/news/orange-shirt-malaysia-makkal-sakti-party|website=SAYS.com|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161120004118/http://says.com/my/news/orange-shirt-malaysia-makkal-sakti-party|dead-url=no}}</ref>
| side3 = [[马来西亚皇家警察]]
| side3 = [[马来西亚皇家警察]]
| leadfigures1 = [[玛利亚陈]](被拘留)<br />[[干净与公平选举联盟|净选盟委员会]]<br />[[马哈迪·莫哈末]]
| leadfigures1 = [[玛利亚陈]](被拘留)<br />[[干净与公平选举联盟|净选盟委员会]]<br />[[马哈迪·莫哈末]]
| leadfigures2 = [[嘉玛尤诺斯]](被拘留)<ref>{{cite news|title=Malaysian PM Najib warns protesters over violence ahead of demonstration|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/malaysian-pm-najib-warns-protesters-over-violence-ahead-of/3296304.html|accessdate=17 November 2016|work=Channel NewsAsia|publisher=CNA|date=17 November 2016}}</ref><br />达能迪南
| leadfigures2 = [[嘉玛尤诺斯]](被拘留)<ref>{{cite news|title=Malaysian PM Najib warns protesters over violence ahead of demonstration|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/malaysian-pm-najib-warns-protesters-over-violence-ahead-of/3296304.html|accessdate=2016-11-17|work=Channel NewsAsia|publisher=CNA|date=2016-11-17|archive-date=2016-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117065927/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/malaysian-pm-najib-warns-protesters-over-violence-ahead-of/3296304.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><br />达能迪南
| leadfigures3 = {{le|卡立阿布巴卡|Khalid Abu Bakar}}(全国警察总长)
| leadfigures3 = {{le|卡立阿布巴卡|Khalid Abu Bakar}}(全国警察总长)
| howmany1 = 250,000(媒体预测人数)<br> 150,000(警方预测人数)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/thousands-hold-anti-pm-rally-malaysia-17-detained-090227108.html|title=Thousands rally calling on Malaysian prime minister to quit}}</ref><br>1,400([[净选盟]]安保人员)
| howmany1 = 250,000(媒体预测人数)<br> 150,000(警方预测人数)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/thousands-hold-anti-pm-rally-malaysia-17-detained-090227108.html|title=Thousands rally calling on Malaysian prime minister to quit|accessdate=2020-05-15|archive-date=2016-11-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161120154009/https://www.yahoo.com/news/thousands-hold-anti-pm-rally-malaysia-17-detained-090227108.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><br>1,400([[净选盟]]安保人员)
| howmany2 = 2,500–4,000
| howmany2 = 2,500–4,000
| howmany3 = 7,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/7-000-police-to-be-deployed-for-bersih-rally/3301028.html|title=7,000 police to be deployed for Bersih rally}}</ref>
| howmany3 = 7,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/7-000-police-to-be-deployed-for-bersih-rally/3301028.html|title=7,000 police to be deployed for Bersih rally|accessdate=2020-05-15|archive-date=2016-11-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161120005745/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/7-000-police-to-be-deployed-for-bersih-rally/3301028.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
| arrests = 12+
| arrests = 12+
| notes =
| notes =
}}
}}
'''2016年净选盟5.0集会'''({{lang-ms|'''Perhimpunan Bersih 5.0'''}};{{lang-en|'''Bersih 5.0 Rally'''}})是[[马来西亚]]非政府组织[[干净与公平选举联盟]](净选盟)于2016年11月19日在首都[[吉隆坡]]及全国各地主要城市举行的第五次和平集会。<ref name="MK01">{{cite web|title=Why Bersih is marching for the fifth time on Nov 19 - Malaysiakini|url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/355714|publisher=Malaysia Kini|accessdate=15 September 2016}}</ref><ref name="TMM01">{{cite web|title=Maria Chin: Bersih 5 in November|url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/maria-chin-bersih-5-in-november|publisher=The Malay Mail|accessdate=15 September 2016|date=7 September 2016}}</ref><ref name="TMM02">{{cite web|title=Bersih 5 on November 19|url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/bersih-5-on-november-19|publisher=The Malay Mail|accessdate=15 September 2016|date=14 September 2016}}</ref><ref name="TS01">{{cite web|title=Bersih 5 rally set for Nov 19|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2016/09/14/bersih-5-rally-set-for-nov-19/|publisher=The Star|accessdate=15 September 2016}}</ref>
'''2016年净选盟5.0集会'''({{lang-ms|Perhimpunan Bersih 5.0}};{{lang-en|Bersih 5.0 Rally}})是[[马来西亚]]非政府组织[[干净与公平选举联盟]](净选盟)于2016年11月19日在首都[[吉隆坡]]及全国各地主要城市举行的第五次和平集会。<ref name="MK01">{{cite web|title=Why Bersih is marching for the fifth time on Nov 19 - Malaysiakini|url=https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/355714|publisher=Malaysia Kini|accessdate=2016-09-15|archive-date=2016-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915170300/https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/355714|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="TMM01">{{cite web|title=Maria Chin: Bersih 5 in November|url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/maria-chin-bersih-5-in-november|publisher=The Malay Mail|accessdate=2016-09-15|date=2016-09-07|archive-date=2016-09-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160908210221/http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/maria-chin-bersih-5-in-november|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="TMM02">{{cite web|title=Bersih 5 on November 19|url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/bersih-5-on-november-19|publisher=The Malay Mail|accessdate=2016-09-15|date=2016-09-14|archive-date=2016-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915172600/http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/bersih-5-on-november-19|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="TS01">{{cite web|title=Bersih 5 rally set for Nov 19|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2016/09/14/bersih-5-rally-set-for-nov-19/|publisher=The Star|accessdate=2016-09-15|archive-date=2016-11-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161122074807/http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2016/09/14/bersih-5-rally-set-for-nov-19/|dead-url=no}}</ref>


本次净选盟5.0集会主题为「结合我们的力量—新马来西亚」({{lang|en|Combine our energy - New Malaysia}})。<ref name="TSD01">{{cite web|title=Bersih 5 rally set for Nov 19|url=http://www.thesundaily.my/news/1971236|publisher=The Sun Daily|accessdate=15 September 2016}}</ref>
本次净选盟5.0集会主题为「结合我们的力量—新马来西亚」({{lang|en|Combine our energy - New Malaysia}})。<ref name="TSD01">{{cite web|title=Bersih 5 rally set for Nov 19|url=http://www.thesundaily.my/news/1971236|publisher=The Sun Daily|accessdate=2016-09-15|archive-date=2016-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915003651/http://www.thesundaily.my/news/1971236|dead-url=no}}</ref>


== 事件背景 ==
== 事件背景 ==
{{see|一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻}}
{{see|一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻|{{tsl|ms|Kontroversi Najib Razak|纳吉·阿都拉萨相关争议}}}}
2015年,[[马来西亚首相]][[纳吉·阿都拉萨|纳吉]]遭[[反对党]]指控,将[[马来西亚政府]]管辖的一马公司资金转入他的个人银行户口,涉及金额超过26.7亿令吉(近7亿美元)。事件被揭发后,随即激起马来西亚人民的批评声浪,其中[[马哈迪·莫哈末|马哈迪]]在未回任首相之前曾带头呼吁纳吉辞职,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.enanyang.my/news/20160206/%e6%95%a6%e9%a9%ac%e5%86%8d%e4%bf%83%e7%ba%b3%e5%90%89%e8%be%9e%e8%81%8c%e6%8c%bd%e5%9b%bd%e8%aa%89/|title=敦马再促纳吉辞职挽国誉|accessdate=2018-12-27|author=|date=|last=|first=|work=e南洋商报|publisher=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181227085213/http://www.enanyang.my/news/20160206/%e6%95%a6%e9%a9%ac%e5%86%8d%e4%bf%83%e7%ba%b3%e5%90%89%e8%be%9e%e8%81%8c%e6%8c%bd%e5%9b%bd%e8%aa%89/|archive-date=2018-12-27|dead-url=no}}</ref>而当时的公正党实权领袖[[安華|安华]]也公开质疑一马公司的财务。根据一马公司公开提交的帐户报告,该公司累计了将近420亿令吉(117.3亿美元)的债务,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/auditorgenerals-report-1mdb-1mdbs-debt-ballooned-within-five-years-operation|title=Auditor-General’s Report on 1MDB: 1MDB’s debt ballooned within five years of operation|accessdate=2018-12-30|date=2018-05-31|work=The Edge Markets}}</ref>当中一部分是于2013年由[[高盛|高盛公司]]牵头發行和由国家担保的30亿美元债券,传媒也报道[[高盛|高盛公司]]从这笔交易中赚取高达3亿美元费用,不过该公司反驳了这项报道<ref>{{cite journal|title=Jho says it ain't so: Malaysian tycoon denies role in 1MDB ‘heist of the century’|url=http://www.euromoney.com/Article/3442824/Jho-says-it-aint-so-Malaysian-tycoon-denies-role-in-1MDB-heist-of-the-century.html|journal=Euromoney magazine|date=April 2015|author=|access-date=2018-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206172456/http://www.euromoney.com/Article/3442824/Jho-says-it-aint-so-Malaysian-tycoon-denies-role-in-1MDB-heist-of-the-century.html|archive-date=2017-02-06|dead-url=no}}</ref>。[[统治者会议|马来西亚统治者会议]]则认为,此问题将引发马来西亚的信任危机,并呼吁当时的政府应尽速完成调查。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/malaysias-rulers-urge-government-to-tie-up-probe-into-1mdb-as-soon-as-possible|title=Malaysia's royal rulers urge quick completion of 1MDB probe|work=The Straits Times|accessdate=1 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109193720/http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/malaysias-rulers-urge-government-to-tie-up-probe-into-1mdb-as-soon-as-possible|archive-date=2015-11-09|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/10/royal-rulers-deplore-malaysia-crisis-confidence-151007064312312.html|title=Royal rulers deplore Malaysia's 'crisis of confidence'|accessdate=1 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201081054/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/10/royal-rulers-deplore-malaysia-crisis-confidence-151007064312312.html|archive-date=2017-12-01|dead-url=no}}</ref>此事件在当时也引起了国内外多家媒体的报道,其中包括《[[砂拉越报告]]》、《{{link-en|The Edge财经日报|The Edge (Malaysia)}}》、《[[当今大马]]》和《[[华尔街日报]]》等。
2015年,[[马来西亚首相]][[纳吉·阿都拉萨]]遭[[砂拉越报告]]》和[[美国]]《[[华尔街日报]]指控,将[[马来西亚政府]]管辖的一马公司资金转入他的个人银行户口,涉及金额超过26.7亿令吉(近7亿美元)。事件被揭发后,随即激起马来西亚人民的批评声浪,其中[[马哈迪·莫哈末]]在未回任首相之前曾带头呼吁纳吉辞职,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.enanyang.my/news/20160206/%e6%95%a6%e9%a9%ac%e5%86%8d%e4%bf%83%e7%ba%b3%e5%90%89%e8%be%9e%e8%81%8c%e6%8c%bd%e5%9b%bd%e8%aa%89/|title=敦马再促纳吉辞职挽国誉|accessdate=2018-12-27|author=|date=|last=|first=|work=e南洋商报|publisher=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181227085213/http://www.enanyang.my/news/20160206/%e6%95%a6%e9%a9%ac%e5%86%8d%e4%bf%83%e7%ba%b3%e5%90%89%e8%be%9e%e8%81%8c%e6%8c%bd%e5%9b%bd%e8%aa%89/|archive-date=2018-12-27|dead-url=no}}</ref>而当时的公正党实权领袖[[安華|安华]]也公开质疑一马公司的财务。根据一马公司公开提交的帐户报告,该公司累计了将近420亿令吉(117.3亿美元)的债务,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/auditorgenerals-report-1mdb-1mdbs-debt-ballooned-within-five-years-operation|title=Auditor-General’s Report on 1MDB: 1MDB’s debt ballooned within five years of operation|accessdate=2018-12-30|date=2018-05-31|work=The Edge Markets|archive-date=2018-12-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230124206/http://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/auditorgenerals-report-1mdb-1mdbs-debt-ballooned-within-five-years-operation|dead-url=no}}</ref>当中一部分是于2013年由[[高盛|高盛公司]]牵头發行和由国家担保的30亿美元债券,传媒也报道[[高盛|高盛公司]]从这笔交易中赚取高达3亿美元费用,不过该公司反驳了这项报道<ref>{{cite journal|title=Jho says it ain't so: Malaysian tycoon denies role in 1MDB ‘heist of the century’|url=http://www.euromoney.com/Article/3442824/Jho-says-it-aint-so-Malaysian-tycoon-denies-role-in-1MDB-heist-of-the-century.html|journal=Euromoney magazine|date=April 2015|author=|access-date=2018-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206172456/http://www.euromoney.com/Article/3442824/Jho-says-it-aint-so-Malaysian-tycoon-denies-role-in-1MDB-heist-of-the-century.html|archive-date=2017-02-06|dead-url=no}}</ref>。[[统治者会议|马来西亚统治者会议]]则认为,此问题将引发马来西亚的信任危机,并呼吁当时的政府应尽速完成调查。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/malaysias-rulers-urge-government-to-tie-up-probe-into-1mdb-as-soon-as-possible|title=Malaysia's royal rulers urge quick completion of 1MDB probe|work=The Straits Times|accessdate=2016-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109193720/http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/malaysias-rulers-urge-government-to-tie-up-probe-into-1mdb-as-soon-as-possible|archive-date=2015-11-09|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/10/royal-rulers-deplore-malaysia-crisis-confidence-151007064312312.html|title=Royal rulers deplore Malaysia's 'crisis of confidence'|accessdate=2016-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201081054/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/10/royal-rulers-deplore-malaysia-crisis-confidence-151007064312312.html|archive-date=2017-12-01|dead-url=no}}</ref>此事件在当时也引起了国内外多家媒体的报道,其中包括《[[砂拉越报告]]》、《{{link-en|The Edge财经日报|The Edge (Malaysia)}}》、《[[当今大马]]》和《[[华尔街日报]]》等。


一名[[当今大马]]记者[[颜重庆]]也因报道有关一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻的新闻而遭到警方援引《[[1998年通讯及多媒体委员会法令]]》控告上庭。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/2047318/editor-charged-malaysia-over-1mdb-coverage-eve-huge-anti|title=Editor charged in Malaysia over 1MDB coverage on eve of huge anti-government rally|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.astroawani.com/malaysia-news/bersih-5-five-things-you-need-know-122128|title=Bersih 5 Five things you need to know|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Bersih 5 convoy gets warm welcome at Balai Ringin|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2016/10/31/bersih-5-convoy-gets-warm-welcome-at-balai-ringin/|accessdate=19 November 2016|date=30 October 2016}}</ref>
一名[[当今大马]]记者[[颜重庆]]也因报道有关[[一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻]]的新闻而遭到警方援引《[[1998年通讯及多媒体委员会法令]]》控告上庭。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/2047318/editor-charged-malaysia-over-1mdb-coverage-eve-huge-anti|title=Editor charged in Malaysia over 1MDB coverage on eve of huge anti-government rally|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118231231/http://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/2047318/editor-charged-malaysia-over-1mdb-coverage-eve-huge-anti|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.astroawani.com/malaysia-news/bersih-5-five-things-you-need-know-122128|title=Bersih 5 Five things you need to know|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119141903/http://english.astroawani.com/malaysia-news/bersih-5-five-things-you-need-know-122128|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Bersih 5 convoy gets warm welcome at Balai Ringin|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2016/10/31/bersih-5-convoy-gets-warm-welcome-at-balai-ringin/|accessdate=2016-11-19|date=2016-10-30|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119182210/http://www.theborneopost.com/2016/10/31/bersih-5-convoy-gets-warm-welcome-at-balai-ringin/|dead-url=no}}</ref>而在2016年11月2日,《当今大马》因吉隆坡市政局驳回了[[净选盟]]和巫统红衫军要求在独立广场搞集会的申请,巫统青年团兼红衫军领袖[[嘉玛尤诺斯]]带领上百名支持者在报社总部前示威<ref>{{Cite web|title=不去独立广场了!红衫军要直捣当今大马办公室 精彩大马|url=https://www.cincainews.com/news/malaysia/2016/11/02/20161102-red-shirt-army-want-protest-at-malaysiakini/1241295|access-date=2021-06-27|last=综合报导|first=2016年 11月 02日 星期三 05:43 下午 Myt|work=www.cincainews.com|language=zh|archive-date=2021-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629014041/https://www.cincainews.com/news/malaysia/2016/11/02/20161102-red-shirt-army-want-protest-at-malaysiakini/1241295}}</ref>

因发表一马公司相关言论遭纳吉起诉的[[馬來西亞華人公會|马华公会]]前总会长[[林良实]]曾表示考虑出席净选盟5.0集会<ref>{{Cite web|title=净选盟5.0集会·林良实考虑出席|url=https://www.sinchew.com.my/20160723/%e5%87%80%e9%80%89%e7%9b%9f5-0%e9%9b%86%e4%bc%9a%c2%b7%e6%9e%97%e8%89%af%e5%ae%9e%e8%80%83%e8%99%91%e5%87%ba%e5%b8%ad/|access-date=2021-12-16|date=2016-07-23|work=星洲网 Sin Chew Daily|language=en|archive-date=2022-03-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220316192949/https://www.sinchew.com.my/20160723/%e5%87%80%e9%80%89%e7%9b%9f5-0%e9%9b%86%e4%bc%9a%c2%b7%e6%9e%97%e8%89%af%e5%ae%9e%e8%80%83%e8%99%91%e5%87%ba%e5%b8%ad/}}</ref>。


== 集会前逮捕 ==
== 集会前逮捕 ==
2016年11月18日,在集会的前一天,警方突然带队前往净选盟位于[[八打灵再也]]的办公室逮捕[[玛利亚陈]]和曼迪星,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/18/police-arrests-maria-chin-after-bersih-raid/|title=Police arrest Maria Chin after Bersih raid|date=18 November 2016|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/11/189909/bersih-rally-go-or-without-maria-chin|title=Bersih rally to go on, with or without Maria Chin|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref> 并在事后援引《[[2012年国家安全罪行法令]]》(SOSMA)起诉玛利亚陈。对此,警方称这是为了防止发生骚乱和破坏和平的公共秩序。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/maria-chin-detained-under-sosma|title=Maria Chin detained under Sosma|date=19 November 2016|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref>[[民主行动党 (马来西亚)|民主行动党]]党员[[刘天球]]则因「企图暴动」而被警方逮捕,<ref>{{cite web|title=Ronnie Liu arrested ahead of Bersih 5 rally|url=http://www.thesundaily.my/news/2065596|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref>而[[陆兆福]]则因他在演讲期间呼吁「倒[[纳吉·阿都拉萨|纳吉]]」而被警方逮捕。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/363324|title=Cops detain DAP's Anthony Loke and Ronnie Liu|date=18 November 2016|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref>[[马来西亚社会主义党]]秘书长阿鲁哲文也在[[吉隆坡]]被警方逮捕。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/18/psms-arulchelvan-arrested-on-way-to-his-office/|title=PSM's Arulchelvan arrested on way to his office|date=18 November 2016|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref>在集会开始前几个小时,警方也逮捕了净选盟委员会的其中一名成员成员希沙姆丁。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/malaysia-arrests-activist-hishamuddin-rais-as-thousands-join-anti-govt-protests|title=Malaysia arrests activist Hishamuddin Rais as thousands join anti-govt protests|date=19 November 2016|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref>对此,净选盟谴责警方滥用权力。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.benarnews.org/english/news/malaysian/bersih-arrests-11182016164235.html|title=On Eve of Mass Protest, Malaysia Arrests Rally Leaders|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/0d563386-acad-11e6-9cb3-bb8207902122|title=Subscribe to read|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref>
2016年11月18日,在集会的前一天,警方突然带队前往净选盟位于[[八打灵再也]]的办公室逮捕[[玛利亚陈]]和曼迪星,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/18/police-arrests-maria-chin-after-bersih-raid/|title=Police arrest Maria Chin after Bersih raid|date=2016-11-18|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119010625/http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/18/police-arrests-maria-chin-after-bersih-raid/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/11/189909/bersih-rally-go-or-without-maria-chin|title=Bersih rally to go on, with or without Maria Chin|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119120455/http://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/11/189909/bersih-rally-go-or-without-maria-chin|dead-url=no}}</ref> 并在事后援引《[[2012年国家安全罪行法令]]》(SOSMA)起诉玛利亚陈。对此,警方称这是为了防止发生骚乱和破坏和平的公共秩序。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/maria-chin-detained-under-sosma|title=Maria Chin detained under Sosma|date=2016-11-19|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119184252/http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/maria-chin-detained-under-sosma|dead-url=no}}</ref>[[民主行动党 (马来西亚)|民主行动党]]党员[[刘天球]]则因「企图暴动」而被警方逮捕,<ref>{{cite web|title=Ronnie Liu arrested ahead of Bersih 5 rally|url=http://www.thesundaily.my/news/2065596|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119120653/http://www.thesundaily.my/news/2065596|dead-url=no}}</ref>而[[陆兆福]]则因他在演讲期间呼吁「倒[[纳吉·阿都拉萨|纳吉]]」而被警方逮捕。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/363324|title=Cops detain DAP's Anthony Loke and Ronnie Liu|date=2016-11-18|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118233824/http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/363324|dead-url=no}}</ref>[[马来西亚社会主义党]]秘书长阿鲁哲文也在[[吉隆坡]]被警方逮捕。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/18/psms-arulchelvan-arrested-on-way-to-his-office/|title=PSM's Arulchelvan arrested on way to his office|date=2016-11-18|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119010345/http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/18/psms-arulchelvan-arrested-on-way-to-his-office/|dead-url=no}}</ref>在集会开始前几个小时,警方也逮捕了净选盟委员会的其中一名成员成员希沙姆丁。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/malaysia-arrests-activist-hishamuddin-rais-as-thousands-join-anti-govt-protests|title=Malaysia arrests activist Hishamuddin Rais as thousands join anti-govt protests|date=2016-11-19|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119120240/http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/malaysia-arrests-activist-hishamuddin-rais-as-thousands-join-anti-govt-protests|dead-url=no}}</ref>对此,净选盟谴责警方滥用权力。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.benarnews.org/english/news/malaysian/bersih-arrests-11182016164235.html|title=On Eve of Mass Protest, Malaysia Arrests Rally Leaders|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119120337/http://www.benarnews.org/english/news/malaysian/bersih-arrests-11182016164235.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/0d563386-acad-11e6-9cb3-bb8207902122|title=Subscribe to read|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119182102/https://www.ft.com/content/0d563386-acad-11e6-9cb3-bb8207902122|dead-url=no}}</ref>


而先前表示会在净选盟5.0集会期间发动集会反对净选盟5.0集会的亲政府<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/red-shirts-gather-to-counter-bersih-5-rally|title=Red Shirts gather to counter Bersih 5 rally|date=19 November 2016|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref>「红衫军」领袖[[嘉玛尤诺斯]]也在集会开始前几个小时被警方逮捕。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/19/cops-arrest-red-shirts-leader-jamal-yunos-from-hotel/|title=Cops arrest Red Shirts leader Jamal Yunos|date=19 November 2016|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref>
而先前表示会在净选盟5.0集会期间发动集会反对净选盟5.0集会的亲政府<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/red-shirts-gather-to-counter-bersih-5-rally|title=Red Shirts gather to counter Bersih 5 rally|date=2016-11-19|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119184004/http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/red-shirts-gather-to-counter-bersih-5-rally|dead-url=no}}</ref>「红衫军」领袖[[嘉玛尤诺斯]]也在集会开始前几个小时被警方逮捕。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/19/cops-arrest-red-shirts-leader-jamal-yunos-from-hotel/|title=Cops arrest Red Shirts leader Jamal Yunos|date=2016-11-19|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119012156/http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/19/cops-arrest-red-shirts-leader-jamal-yunos-from-hotel/|dead-url=no}}</ref>


== 集会事件 ==
== 集会事件 ==
反对净选盟5.0集会的红衫军集会参与者由于无法越过警察的封锁线与选盟5.0集会者接触而提前解散。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/11/190097/red-shirts-regrouping-padang-merbok|title=Red Shirts regrouping at Padang Merbok|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/19/red-shirts-disperse-leaving-padang-merbok-in-a-mess/|title=Red Shirts disperse, leaving Padang Merbok in a mess|date=19 November 2016|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref>
反对净选盟5.0集会的红衫军集会参与者由于无法越过警察的封锁线与选盟5.0集会者接触而提前解散。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/11/190097/red-shirts-regrouping-padang-merbok|title=Red Shirts regrouping at Padang Merbok|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119184146/http://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/11/190097/red-shirts-regrouping-padang-merbok|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/19/red-shirts-disperse-leaving-padang-merbok-in-a-mess/|title=Red Shirts disperse, leaving Padang Merbok in a mess|date=2016-11-19|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119130122/http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/19/red-shirts-disperse-leaving-padang-merbok-in-a-mess/|dead-url=no}}</ref>


== 后续发展 ==
== 后续发展 ==
虽然净选盟5.0集会以和平的方式结束,但警方事后逮捕了数名集会参与者,包括[[人民公正党]]党员[[蔡添强]]和[[祖莱达]]。<ref>http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/20/tian-chua-and-zuraida-arrested/</ref><ref>http://english.astroawani.com/malaysia-news/bersih-5-tian-chua-zuraida-detained-police-123143</ref>
虽然净选盟5.0集会以和平的方式结束,但警方事后逮捕了数名集会参与者,包括[[人民公正党]]党员[[蔡添强]]和[[祖莱达]]。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/20/tian-chua-and-zuraida-arrested/ |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2020-05-15 |archive-date=2018-01-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108181008/http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/20/tian-chua-and-zuraida-arrested/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://english.astroawani.com/malaysia-news/bersih-5-tian-chua-zuraida-detained-police-123143 |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2020-05-15 |archive-date=2016-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161120150716/http://english.astroawani.com/malaysia-news/bersih-5-tian-chua-zuraida-detained-police-123143 |dead-url=no }}</ref>


== 各界反应 ==
== 各界反应 ==
=== 首相 ===
=== 首相 ===
当时人在[[日本]][[东京]]的首相拿督斯里[[纳吉·阿都拉萨]]说,马来西亚人应当尊重法律,避免混乱和人身冲突。同时他也强调,尽管和平集会是宪法法律的和平集会赋予的权利,但马来西亚人应该在选举中选出国家领导人而不是上街进行抗议,因为这不是马来西亚的文化。<ref name="NST171116">{{cite web|title=Avoid chaos, Najib says ahead of Bersih|url=http://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/11/189284/avoid-chaos-najib-says-ahead-bersih|website=NST Online|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref>
当时人在[[日本]][[东京]]的首相拿督斯里[[纳吉·阿都拉萨]]说,马来西亚人应当尊重法律,避免混乱和人身冲突。同时他也强调,尽管和平集会是宪法法律的和平集会赋予的权利,但马来西亚人应该在选举中选出国家领导人而不是上街进行抗议,因为这不是马来西亚的文化。<ref name="NST171116">{{cite web|title=Avoid chaos, Najib says ahead of Bersih|url=http://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/11/189284/avoid-chaos-najib-says-ahead-bersih|website=NST Online|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118130123/http://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/11/189284/avoid-chaos-najib-says-ahead-bersih|dead-url=no}}</ref>


=== 警方 ===
=== 警方 ===
全国警察总长{{le|卡立阿布巴卡|Khalid Abu Bakar}}表示,由于集会主办方没有获得集会地点[[独立广场 (吉隆坡)|吉隆坡独立广场]]的同意,因此净选盟5.0集会并不是合法的集会,警方也将以《[[2012年和平集会法令]]》第10(C)条和第11条进行调查。<ref name="FMT081116">{{cite web|title=IGP: Bersih 5 doesn't fulfil rules of Peaceful Assembly Act|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/08/igp-bersih-5-doesnt-fulfil-rules-of-peaceful-assembly-act/|website=Free Malaysia Today|accessdate=19 November 2016|date=8 November 2016}}</ref>
全国警察总长{{le|卡立阿布巴卡|Khalid Abu Bakar}}表示,由于集会主办方没有获得集会地点[[独立广场 (吉隆坡)|吉隆坡独立广场]]的同意,因此净选盟5.0集会并不是合法的集会,警方也将以《[[2012年和平集会法令]]》第10(C)条和第11条进行调查。<ref name="FMT081116">{{cite web|title=IGP: Bersih 5 doesn't fulfil rules of Peaceful Assembly Act|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/08/igp-bersih-5-doesnt-fulfil-rules-of-peaceful-assembly-act/|website=Free Malaysia Today|accessdate=2016-11-19|date=2016-11-08|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119182551/http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/11/08/igp-bersih-5-doesnt-fulfil-rules-of-peaceful-assembly-act/|dead-url=no}}</ref>


=== 非政府组织 ===
=== 非政府组织 ===
[[人权观察组织]]和[[国际特赦组织]]谴责[[马来西亚政府]]的一连串针对示威者的逮捕行动,将其作为对异议人士的恐吓和骚扰。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationmultimedia.com/news/aec/30300361|title=Protesters gather in Malaysia's capital for anti-government rally - The Nation|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://mysinchew.com/node/116125?tid=4|title=Malaysiakini editor charged amidst press freedom fears|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2016/11/malaysia-end-crackdown-on-bersih-activists/|title=Malaysia: End crackdown on Bersih activists|publisher=|accessdate=19 November 2016}}</ref>
[[人权观察组织]]和[[国际特赦组织]]谴责[[马来西亚政府]]的一连串针对示威者的逮捕行动,将其作为对异议人士的恐吓和骚扰。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationmultimedia.com/news/aec/30300361|title=Protesters gather in Malaysia's capital for anti-government rally - The Nation|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119182446/http://www.nationmultimedia.com/news/aec/30300361|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://mysinchew.com/node/116125?tid=4|title=Malaysiakini editor charged amidst press freedom fears|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119183211/http://mysinchew.com/node/116125?tid=4|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2016/11/malaysia-end-crackdown-on-bersih-activists/|title=Malaysia: End crackdown on Bersih activists|publisher=|accessdate=2016-11-19|archive-date=2016-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119182240/https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2016/11/malaysia-end-crackdown-on-bersih-activists/|dead-url=no}}</ref>


== 参见 ==
== 参见 ==
第68行: 第70行:
* [[2012年净选盟3.0集会]]
* [[2012年净选盟3.0集会]]
* [[2015年净选盟4.0集会]]
* [[2015年净选盟4.0集会]]
* [[红铅笔抗议]]
* [[缉拿纳吉集会]]


== 参考资料 ==
== 参考资料 ==
第74行: 第78行:
{{马来西亚主题}}
{{马来西亚主题}}


[[Category:2016年馬來西]]
[[Category:2016年马来西亚选举]]
[[Category:2016年政治]]
[[Category:马来西亚政治集会]]
[[Category:马来西亚政治集会]]
[[Category:吉隆坡政治史]]
[[Category:吉隆坡政治史]]

2024年7月9日 (二) 03:32的最新版本

2016年净选盟5.0集会
干净与公平选举联盟的一部分
日期2016年11月19日
地點
目標
方法游行
狀況已结束
衝突方
红色衣人群
橙色衣人群[2]
領導人物
嘉玛尤诺斯(被拘留)[3]
达能迪南
卡立阿布巴卡英语Khalid Abu Bakar(全国警察总长)
人數
250,000(媒体预测人数)
150,000(警方预测人数)[4]
1,400(净选盟安保人员)
2,500–4,000
7,000[5]
傷亡
逮捕12+

2016年净选盟5.0集会馬來語Perhimpunan Bersih 5.0;英語:Bersih 5.0 Rally)是马来西亚非政府组织干净与公平选举联盟(净选盟)于2016年11月19日在首都吉隆坡及全国各地主要城市举行的第五次和平集会。[6][7][8][9]

本次净选盟5.0集会主题为「结合我们的力量—新马来西亚」(Combine our energy - New Malaysia)。[10]

事件背景

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2015年,马来西亚首相纳吉·阿都拉萨遭《砂拉越报告》和美国华尔街日报》指控,将马来西亚政府管辖的一马公司资金转入他的个人银行户口,涉及金额超过26.7亿令吉(近7亿美元)。事件被揭发后,随即激起马来西亚人民的批评声浪,其中马哈迪·莫哈末在未回任首相之前曾带头呼吁纳吉辞职,[11]而当时的公正党实权领袖安华也公开质疑一马公司的财务。根据一马公司公开提交的帐户报告,该公司累计了将近420亿令吉(117.3亿美元)的债务,[12]当中一部分是于2013年由高盛公司牵头發行和由国家担保的30亿美元债券,传媒也报道高盛公司从这笔交易中赚取高达3亿美元费用,不过该公司反驳了这项报道[13]马来西亚统治者会议则认为,此问题将引发马来西亚的信任危机,并呼吁当时的政府应尽速完成调查。[14][15]此事件在当时也引起了国内外多家媒体的报道,其中包括《砂拉越报告》、《The Edge财经日报英语The Edge (Malaysia)》、《当今大马》和《华尔街日报》等。

一名《当今大马》记者颜重庆也因报道有关一个马来西亚发展有限公司丑闻的新闻而遭到警方援引《1998年通讯及多媒体委员会法令》控告上庭。[16][17][18]而在2016年11月2日,《当今大马》因吉隆坡市政局驳回了净选盟和巫统红衫军要求在独立广场搞集会的申请,巫统青年团兼红衫军领袖嘉玛尤诺斯带领上百名支持者在报社总部前示威[19]

因发表一马公司相关言论遭纳吉起诉的马华公会前总会长林良实曾表示考虑出席净选盟5.0集会[20]

集会前逮捕

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2016年11月18日,在集会的前一天,警方突然带队前往净选盟位于八打灵再也的办公室逮捕玛利亚陈和曼迪星,[21][22] 并在事后援引《2012年国家安全罪行法令》(SOSMA)起诉玛利亚陈。对此,警方称这是为了防止发生骚乱和破坏和平的公共秩序。[23]民主行动党党员刘天球则因「企图暴动」而被警方逮捕,[24]陆兆福则因他在演讲期间呼吁「倒纳吉」而被警方逮捕。[25]马来西亚社会主义党秘书长阿鲁哲文也在吉隆坡被警方逮捕。[26]在集会开始前几个小时,警方也逮捕了净选盟委员会的其中一名成员成员希沙姆丁。[27]对此,净选盟谴责警方滥用权力。[28][29]

而先前表示会在净选盟5.0集会期间发动集会反对净选盟5.0集会的亲政府[30]「红衫军」领袖嘉玛尤诺斯也在集会开始前几个小时被警方逮捕。[31]

集会事件

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反对净选盟5.0集会的红衫军集会参与者由于无法越过警察的封锁线与选盟5.0集会者接触而提前解散。[32][33]

后续发展

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虽然净选盟5.0集会以和平的方式结束,但警方事后逮捕了数名集会参与者,包括人民公正党党员蔡添强祖莱达[34][35]

各界反应

[编辑]

首相

[编辑]

当时人在日本东京的首相拿督斯里纳吉·阿都拉萨说,马来西亚人应当尊重法律,避免混乱和人身冲突。同时他也强调,尽管和平集会是宪法法律的和平集会赋予的权利,但马来西亚人应该在选举中选出国家领导人而不是上街进行抗议,因为这不是马来西亚的文化。[36]

警方

[编辑]

全国警察总长卡立阿布巴卡英语Khalid Abu Bakar表示,由于集会主办方没有获得集会地点吉隆坡独立广场的同意,因此净选盟5.0集会并不是合法的集会,警方也将以《2012年和平集会法令》第10(C)条和第11条进行调查。[37]

非政府组织

[编辑]

人权观察组织国际特赦组织谴责马来西亚政府的一连串针对示威者的逮捕行动,将其作为对异议人士的恐吓和骚扰。[38][39][40]

参见

[编辑]

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ Former Malaysian PM Mahathir Mohamad urges citizens to join protest against Najib Razak. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. [2016-11-17]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-17). 
  2. ^ After Red Shirts, Now These Orange Shirts Want To Join The Anti-Bersih Bandwagon. SAYS.com. [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-20). 
  3. ^ Malaysian PM Najib warns protesters over violence ahead of demonstration. Channel NewsAsia (CNA). 2016-11-17 [2016-11-17]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-17). 
  4. ^ Thousands rally calling on Malaysian prime minister to quit. [2020-05-15]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-20). 
  5. ^ 7,000 police to be deployed for Bersih rally. [2020-05-15]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-20). 
  6. ^ Why Bersih is marching for the fifth time on Nov 19 - Malaysiakini. Malaysia Kini. [2016-09-15]. (原始内容存档于2016-09-15). 
  7. ^ Maria Chin: Bersih 5 in November. The Malay Mail. 2016-09-07 [2016-09-15]. (原始内容存档于2016-09-08). 
  8. ^ Bersih 5 on November 19. The Malay Mail. 2016-09-14 [2016-09-15]. (原始内容存档于2016-09-15). 
  9. ^ Bersih 5 rally set for Nov 19. The Star. [2016-09-15]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-22). 
  10. ^ Bersih 5 rally set for Nov 19. The Sun Daily. [2016-09-15]. (原始内容存档于2016-09-15). 
  11. ^ 敦马再促纳吉辞职挽国誉. e南洋商报. [2018-12-27]. (原始内容存档于2018-12-27). 
  12. ^ Auditor-General’s Report on 1MDB: 1MDB’s debt ballooned within five years of operation. The Edge Markets. 2018-05-31 [2018-12-30]. (原始内容存档于2018-12-30). 
  13. ^ Jho says it ain't so: Malaysian tycoon denies role in 1MDB ‘heist of the century’. Euromoney magazine. April 2015 [2018-03-03]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-06). 
  14. ^ Malaysia's royal rulers urge quick completion of 1MDB probe. The Straits Times. [2016-03-01]. (原始内容存档于2015-11-09). 
  15. ^ Royal rulers deplore Malaysia's 'crisis of confidence'. [2016-03-01]. (原始内容存档于2017-12-01). 
  16. ^ Editor charged in Malaysia over 1MDB coverage on eve of huge anti-government rally. [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-18). 
  17. ^ Bersih 5 Five things you need to know. [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  18. ^ Bersih 5 convoy gets warm welcome at Balai Ringin. 2016-10-30 [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  19. ^ 综合报导, 2016年 11月 02日 星期三 05:43 下午 Myt. 不去独立广场了!红衫军要直捣当今大马办公室 精彩大马. www.cincainews.com. [2021-06-27]. (原始内容存档于2021-06-29) (中文). 
  20. ^ 净选盟5.0集会·林良实考虑出席. 星洲网 Sin Chew Daily. 2016-07-23 [2021-12-16]. (原始内容存档于2022-03-16) (英语). 
  21. ^ Police arrest Maria Chin after Bersih raid. 2016-11-18 [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  22. ^ Bersih rally to go on, with or without Maria Chin. [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  23. ^ Maria Chin detained under Sosma. 2016-11-19 [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  24. ^ Ronnie Liu arrested ahead of Bersih 5 rally. [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  25. ^ Cops detain DAP's Anthony Loke and Ronnie Liu. 2016-11-18 [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-18). 
  26. ^ PSM's Arulchelvan arrested on way to his office. 2016-11-18 [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  27. ^ Malaysia arrests activist Hishamuddin Rais as thousands join anti-govt protests. 2016-11-19 [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  28. ^ On Eve of Mass Protest, Malaysia Arrests Rally Leaders. [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  29. ^ Subscribe to read. [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  30. ^ Red Shirts gather to counter Bersih 5 rally. 2016-11-19 [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  31. ^ Cops arrest Red Shirts leader Jamal Yunos. 2016-11-19 [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  32. ^ Red Shirts regrouping at Padang Merbok. [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  33. ^ Red Shirts disperse, leaving Padang Merbok in a mess. 2016-11-19 [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  34. ^ 存档副本. [2020-05-15]. (原始内容存档于2018-01-08). 
  35. ^ 存档副本. [2020-05-15]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-20). 
  36. ^ Avoid chaos, Najib says ahead of Bersih. NST Online. [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-18). 
  37. ^ IGP: Bersih 5 doesn't fulfil rules of Peaceful Assembly Act. Free Malaysia Today. 2016-11-08 [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  38. ^ Protesters gather in Malaysia's capital for anti-government rally - The Nation. [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  39. ^ Malaysiakini editor charged amidst press freedom fears. [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19). 
  40. ^ Malaysia: End crackdown on Bersih activists. [2016-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2016-11-19).