尤纳尼医学：修订间差异

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2024年7月14日 (日) 03:43的最新版本

尤纳尼医学（乌尔都语：طب یونانی‎‎，拉丁转写：tibb yūnānī^[1]；亦作尤那尼医学）是一种在莫卧儿帝国、南亚穆斯林地区以及中亚广泛使用的波斯-阿拉伯传统医学。尤纳尼一词意为“希腊的”^[2]^[3]，因为波斯-阿拉伯医学系统（英语：Medicine in the medieval Islamic world）建立在公元前 460年古希腊医生希波克拉底和盖伦的理论上^[4]^[5]。尤纳尼医学与阿育吠陀医学、悉达医学等共同构成了印度传统医学体系。^[6]

尤纳尼医学的希腊之源可以从它建立在四大体液体系上可以看出：痰（Balgham）、血（Dam）、黄胆汁（Ṣafrā'）和黑胆汁（Saudā'），不过它也受到了印度传统医学和中国传统医学的影响^[7]。

参考文献

^ the transcription as Unani is found in 19th-century English language sources: "the Ayurvedic and Unani systems of medicine" "Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteers: Hoshangabad", Gazetteer of India 17 (1827), p. 587 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
^ William Dalrymple. City of Djinns: A Year in Delhi. Flamingo. 1994: 269. ISBN 978-0-00-637595-1.
^ Unani Tibb. Science Museum, London. [7 October 2017]. （原始内容存档于2018-02-11）.
^ Unani Medicine in India: Its Origin and Fundamental Concepts by Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization, Vol. IV Part 2 (Medicine and Life Sciences in India), Ed. B. V. Subbarayappa, Centre for Studies in Civilizations, Project of History of Indian Science, Philosophy and Culture, New Delhi, 2001, pp. 298-325
^ Unani | Directorate of AYUSH. ayush.delhi.gov.in. [2023-11-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-15）.
^ 陈明. “十月成胎”与“七日一变”——印度胎相学说的分类及其对我国的影响. 国学研究. 2004, 13: 167-216 [2019-08-31]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-28）.
^ The use of Chinese herbal drugs in Islamic medicine. Journal of Integrative Medicine. [2018-01-01]. doi:10.1016/S2095-4964(15)60205-9. （原始内容存档于2015-09-25）.

[1] the transcription as Unani is found in 19th-century English language sources: "the Ayurvedic and Unani systems of medicine" "Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteers: Hoshangabad", Gazetteer of India 17 (1827), p. 587 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.

[Dalrymple1994-2] William Dalrymple. City of Djinns: A Year in Delhi. Flamingo. 1994: 269. ISBN 978-0-00-637595-1.

[3] Unani Tibb. Science Museum, London. [7 October 2017]. （原始内容存档于2018-02-11）.

[4] Unani Medicine in India: Its Origin and Fundamental Concepts by Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization, Vol. IV Part 2 (Medicine and Life Sciences in India), Ed. B. V. Subbarayappa, Centre for Studies in Civilizations, Project of History of Indian Science, Philosophy and Culture, New Delhi, 2001, pp. 298-325

[5] Unani | Directorate of AYUSH. ayush.delhi.gov.in. [2023-11-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-15）.

[6] 陈明. “十月成胎”与“七日一变”——印度胎相学说的分类及其对我国的影响. 国学研究. 2004, 13: 167-216 [2019-08-31]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-28）.

[7] The use of Chinese herbal drugs in Islamic medicine. Journal of Integrative Medicine. [2018-01-01]. doi:10.1016/S2095-4964(15)60205-9. （原始内容存档于2015-09-25）.

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@@ 第1行： / 第1行： @@
-{{Requested move|尤那尼医学|time=2019-08-31T07:15:38+00:00}}
 {{Alternative medical systems}}
+{{medical}}
-[[File:Trombidium.jpg|thumb|干燥的絨蟎應用於尤那尼医药。]]
+[[File:Trombidium.jpg|thumb|干燥的絨蟎應用於尤纳尼医药。]]
-'''尤那尼医学'''（{{lang-ur|طب یونانی}}，拉丁转写：{{lang|la|''tibb yūnānī''}}<ref>the transcription as ''Unani'' is found in 19th-century English language sources: "the ''Ayurvedic'' and ''Unani'' systems of medicine"
+'''尤纳尼医学'''（{{lang-ur|طب یونانی}}，拉丁转写：{{lang|la|''tibb yūnānī''}}<ref>the transcription as ''Unani'' is found in 19th-century English language sources: "the ''Ayurvedic'' and ''Unani'' systems of medicine"
-"Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteers: Hoshangabad", ''Gazetteer of India'' 17 (1827), [https://books.google.ch/books?id=hqE8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA587  p. 587].</ref>），亦作'''尤纳尼医学'''，是一种在[[莫卧儿帝国]]、[[穆斯林征服印度次大陆|南亚穆斯林地区]]以及[[中亚]]广泛使用的波斯-阿拉伯[[传统医学]]。尤那尼一词意为“希腊的”<ref name="Dalrymple1994">{{cite book|author=William Dalrymple|title=City of Djinns: A Year in Delhi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PzQWAQAAMAAJ&dq=greek&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=greek|year=1994|publisher=Flamingo|isbn=978-0-00-637595-1|page=269}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Unani Tibb|url=http://broughttolife.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/techniques/unanitibb|publisher=Science Museum, London|accessdate=7 October 2017}}</ref>，因为{{le|中世纪伊斯兰世界医学|Medicine in the medieval Islamic world|波斯-阿拉伯医学系统}}建立在古希腊医生[[希波克拉底]]和[[盖伦]]的理论上<ref>Unani Medicine in India: Its Origin and Fundamental Concepts by [[Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman]], History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization, Vol. IV Part 2 (Medicine and Life Sciences in India), Ed. B. V. Subbarayappa, Centre for Studies in Civilizations, [[Project of History of Indian Science, Philosophy and Culture]], New Delhi, 2001, pp. 298-325</ref>。尤那尼医学与[[阿育吠陀医学]]、[[悉达医学]]等共同构成了印度[[传统医学]]体系。<ref>{{Cite journal|title=“十月成胎”与“七日一变”——印度胎相学说的分类及其对我国的影响|author=陈明|url=http://www.sikuquanshu.com/skqs/Articles/GetArticles.aspx?article=a_20050701_21.asp|journal=国学研究|issue=|doi=|others=|year=2004|volume=13|page=167-216|pmid=}}</ref>
+"Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteers: Hoshangabad", ''Gazetteer of India'' 17 (1827), [https://books.google.ch/books?id=hqE8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA587  p. 587] {{Wayback|url=https://books.google.ch/books?id=hqE8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA587 |date=20171007215937 }}.</ref>；亦作'''尤那尼医学'''）是一种在[[莫卧儿帝国]]、[[穆斯林征服印度次大陆|南亚穆斯林地区]]以及[[中亚]]广泛使用的波斯-阿拉伯[[传统医学]]。尤纳尼一词意为“希腊的”<ref name="Dalrymple1994">{{cite book|author=William Dalrymple|title=City of Djinns: A Year in Delhi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PzQWAQAAMAAJ&dq=greek&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=greek|year=1994|publisher=Flamingo|isbn=978-0-00-637595-1|page=269}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Unani Tibb|url=http://broughttolife.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/techniques/unanitibb|publisher=Science Museum, London|accessdate=7 October 2017|archive-date=2018-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180211225942/http://broughttolife.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/techniques/unanitibb|dead-url=no}}</ref>，因为{{le|中世纪伊斯兰世界医学|Medicine in the medieval Islamic world|波斯-阿拉伯医学系统}}建立在公元前 460年古希腊医生[[希波克拉底]]和[[盖伦]]的理论上<ref>Unani Medicine in India: Its Origin and Fundamental Concepts by [[Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman]], History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization, Vol. IV Part 2 (Medicine and Life Sciences in India), Ed. B. V. Subbarayappa, Centre for Studies in Civilizations, [[Project of History of Indian Science, Philosophy and Culture]], New Delhi, 2001, pp. 298-325</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Unani {{!}} Directorate of AYUSH|url=https://ayush.delhi.gov.in/ayush/unani|access-date=2023-11-10|website=ayush.delhi.gov.in|archive-date=2023-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215051006/https://ayush.delhi.gov.in/ayush/unani|dead-url=no}}</ref>。尤纳尼医学与[[阿育吠陀医学]]、[[悉达医学]]等共同构成了印度[[传统医学]]体系。<ref>{{Cite journal|title=“十月成胎”与“七日一变”——印度胎相学说的分类及其对我国的影响|author=陈明|url=http://www.sikuquanshu.com/skqs/Articles/GetArticles.aspx?article=a_20050701_21.asp|journal=国学研究|issue=|doi=|others=|year=2004|volume=13|page=167-216|pmid=|access-date=2019-08-31|archive-date=2022-03-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220328111907/http://www.sikuquanshu.com/skqs/Articles/GetArticles.aspx?article=a_20050701_21.asp}}</ref>
-尤那尼医学的希腊之源可以从它建立在[[体液学说|四大体液体系]]上可以看出：[[痰]]（Balgham）、血（Dam）、黄[[胆汁]]（Ṣafrā'）和黑胆汁（Saudā'），不过它也受到了印度传统医学和[[中医学|中国传统医学]]的影响<ref>{{cite journal |title=The use of Chinese herbal drugs in Islamic medicine |journal=Journal of Integrative Medicine |doi=10.1016/S2095-4964(15)60205-9 |url=http://www.jcimjournal.com/jim/showAbstrPage.aspx?articleID=S2095-4964(15)60205-9}}</ref>。
+尤纳尼医学的希腊之源可以从它建立在[[体液学说|四大体液体系]]上可以看出：[[痰]]（Balgham）、血（Dam）、黄[[胆汁]]（Ṣafrā'）和黑胆汁（Saudā'），不过它也受到了印度传统医学和[[中医学|中国传统医学]]的影响<ref>{{cite journal |title=The use of Chinese herbal drugs in Islamic medicine |journal=Journal of Integrative Medicine |doi=10.1016/S2095-4964(15)60205-9 |url=http://www.jcimjournal.com/jim/showAbstrPage.aspx?articleID=S2095-4964(15)60205-9 |access-date=2018-01-01 |archive-date=2015-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925190817/http://www.jcimjournal.com/jim/showAbstrPage.aspx?articleID=S2095-4964%2815%2960205-9 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。
 ==参考文献==
 {{reflist}}
-[[Category:尤那尼医学|0]]
+[[Category:尤纳尼医学|0]]
 [[Category:中世纪医学史]]
 [[Category:巴基斯坦医疗]]