握手:修订间差异
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{{Otheruses|握手 (技术)|subject=一種社交禮儀|other=電信領域中的握手}} |
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[[File:Hermandad - friendship.jpg|thumb|300px|握手]] |
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:''在[[电信]]领域的使用,参见[[握手 (技术)]].'' |
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[[File:Mahathir Mohamad greets Mike Pompeo in Kuala Lampur - 2018 (1080p).webm|thumb|300px|2018年,[[马来西亚首相]][[马哈迪·莫哈末]]和[[美国国务卿]][[邁克·蓬佩奧|迈克·蓬佩奥]]在[[布城]]见面握手的影像]] |
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'''握手'''是一种短暂的[[礼节]],两个人握住对方的左手或右[[手]],通常伴有兩手的简短摇动。通常在会议,离开,祝贺或达成一致时握手。握手的目的是表达信任、協調及平等<ref name="#1">[http://men.style.com/gq/fashion/styleguy/miscellaneous/261 men.style.com - GQ Style Guy, June 2000] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070815161212/http://men.style.com/gq/fashion/styleguy/miscellaneous/261 |date=2007-08-15 }}</ref>,可能发源于说明手中没有武器的手势。在英語系國家,[[男性]]比[[女性]]更有可能會握手,但是在商业场合,不论男女握手都是标准的礼节。握手時握得太牢的話,會被認為是一種體現強權或屈從的沒趣之事<ref name="#1"/>。在商業、政治、社交上的一個受國際廣泛使用的的方式。部分人會以別人握手的方式時,分析出他的[[性格]]<ref>http://www.hkheadline.com/news/headline_news_detail.asp?id=68310</ref>。不過在2008年,英國倫敦大學早前進行一項研究,發現人們雙手經常沾滿各類細菌,與人見面打招呼時,握手比親臉頰更容易傳播病菌<ref>http://hk.news.yahoo.com/article/080113/4/6odm.html{{Dead link}}</ref>。 |
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==握手的禮儀== |
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'''握手'''是一种短暂的[[礼节]],两个人握住对方的左手或右[[手]],通常伴有简短的摇动。通常在会议,离开,祝贺或达成一致时握手。握手的目的是表达善意,可能发源于说明手中没有武器的手势。男人间通常比女人间更多地握手,但是在商业场合,无论男女都以握手作为标准的礼节。 |
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握手除了力度很重要以外,誰先伸手也是握手很重要的一環: |
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*女士先伸手 |
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*長輩先伸手 |
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*上級先伸手 |
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*主人先伸手<ref>[http://www.mofa.gov.tw/webapp/ct.asp?xItem=11684&ctNode=835 中華民國 (台灣)外交部 - 國際禮儀] {{Wayback|url=http://www.mofa.gov.tw/webapp/ct.asp?xItem=11684&ctNode=835 |date=20070930185426 }}</ref> |
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==习俗== |
==习俗== |
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[[Image:Shake hands OK.jpg|thumb|right|Shaking hands can foster relations between two groups. Seen here is an Islamic cleric shaking hands with a Rabbi.]] |
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There are various customs surrounding handshakes, both generically and specific to certain cultures: |
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* Generally it is considered inappropriate to reject a handshake, and in most social circles it is expected that the one with higher social status will initiate it. |
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* In some cultures people shake both hands, but in most cultures people shake the right hand. |
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* In [[Islam]], shaking hands, along with the greeting [[Assalamu alaikum]] (peace be upon you), are a regular greeting. |
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* [[Scouting|Boy Scouts]] specifically use a left handshake. Since the right hand is more commonly dominant, the left hand would typically be used in holding a shield; by shaking with the left hand, one is defenseless while trusting the other person who may still be holding a weapon in the right hand. Also, the left hand is used because it is closer to a scout's heart. [http://www.scoutresources.org/bs/handshake.html] |
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* At cattle markets, one can sometimes see cattle farmers slapping each other's faces to negotiate a deal. One farmer will name a price and slap the other's face (with one or two hands). If the other doesn't like the price, he will slap the other's face and name his price. The process of alternatingly slapping continues until they shake hands, thus concluding the deal. |
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* [[Fraternities and sororities]] often use [[secret handshakes]] to identify themselves as initiated brothers or sisters to outside members. |
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* In American culture, there is a "Soul Brother Handshake," also called a "Power" or "Unity" shake, dating to the 1960s, begun among African-American men, and still widely practised between men of various races and paticularly among teenage boys as a gesture of close friendship. This is usually a three move procedure, beginning with a traditional, palm-to-palm clasp, followed in quick succession by a clasping at the hilt of the thumbs, and finally, by a hooked clasp of only the fingers, in the manner of railroad couplers. Variations include the above, followed by an exchange of facing palm slaps, as in "Gimme Five," or fist bumping, tops-to-bottoms, "the face slap", or knuckles-to-knuckles. |
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* There is another way teenagers handshake that is growing in popularity. First, you grasp eachother's hands normally. Then you slide your hand back to yourself and hook onto eachother's fingers as they slide by with your own fingers. After this, you quickly pull away. This could all be called a variation of the Soul Brother Handshake. |
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握手有多種不同的習俗,有些是通用而有些只適用於某些特定文化圈: |
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==另== |
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* 拒絕握手會普遍被視為不當,大部份社交圈子都會由社會階級較高的一方主動開始握手。 |
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* Handshakes are a major route for the transmission of [[common cold]] [[virus]]es. |
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* 有些地方的人會用兩隻手來握手,但大部分地方的人都是握右手。 |
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* [[Donald Trump]] said that if he ran for [[President of the United States|President]] (running for President often entails thousands of daily handshakes), he would have to wash his hands after every handshake. [http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=50382] |
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* [[童軍]]及[[劍擊]]運動員都會明確地使用左手握手,這是由於他們的右手分別持着旗和劍的緣故。 |
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*Clammy handshakes are considered to be, not only unhygenic, but unpleasant and disgusting. In [[Charles Dickens]]' novel ''[[David Copperfield (novel)|David Copperfield]]'', the author cleverly notes that the character [[Uriah Heep]] has clammy handshakes to signify that he is insincere and untrustworthy. |
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* [[秘密結社]]及[[兄弟會]]通常會使用特定的秘密握手形式作識別夥伴之用。 |
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* 在美國文化中有一種“兄弟握手”(Soul Brother Handshake,其中Soul Brothers是黑人間互稱弟兄的稱呼),又叫“力量”或“團結”握手,始於1960年代,由非裔美國男性開始使用的,至今亦廣為不同種族的人使用,尤其被年青人用於表達深厚的友誼。通常由三個動作組成,開始的是傳統的掌對掌握手,接着是兩隻拇指很快地互握一下,最後是兩人各用其餘四隻手指鈎着互握(像鐵路上的連結器那樣)。變種包括在上述最後加上[[high five]]那樣的[[擊掌]]、拳頭互碰、上拳擊下拳、假裝互摑耳光或指關節互擦。 |
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* 在[[伊斯蘭教]]中,握手是一個古老的傳統禮節,握手同時會以[[阿拉伯語]]的“祝你平安”([[Assalamu alaikum]])來問候對方。 |
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* 2003年[[台灣]]發生[[SARS]]疫情後,為防止傳染病蔓延,在[[中華民國]]由衛生署(今 [[衛生福利部]])推動「拱手不握手」,鼓勵民眾以不會直接接觸雙手的[[拱手]]取代握手做為表達禮貌的方式。 |
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* 2020年[[COVID-19疫情]]擴及全球,為避免病毒擴散,開始興起以[[擊拳]]({{lang|en|Fist bump}})或[[碰肘]]({{lang|en|elbow bump}}、{{lang|en|elbump}},又稱「[[擊肘]]」)取代握手。武汉人因应瘟疫情况,发明了脚碰脚的打招呼礼仪。<ref>{{Cite web|title=疫情时期少握手 “武汉式打招呼”全球走红|url=https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/world-51765266|access-date=2021-08-15|date=2020-03-06|work=BBC News 中文|language=zh-Hans|archive-date=2021-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815140000/https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/world-51765266|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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== 參見 == |
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==參考資料== |
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{{reflist}} |
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* [http://www.andycarvin.com/archives/2005/07/how_to_shake_ha_1.html How to Shake Hands in Ghana] - video demonstration of Ghanaian handshaking technique |
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{{Commonscat|Handshakes}} |
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{{culture-stub}} |
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{{手势}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:禮儀]] |
[[Category:禮儀]] |
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[[ar:مصافحة]] |
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[[de:Händeschütteln]] |
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[[en:Handshake]] |
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[[eo:Manpremo]] |
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[[es:Apretón de manos]] |
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[[fr:Poignée de main]] |
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[[he:לחיצת יד]] |
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[[ko:악수]] |
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[[nl:Hand geven]] |
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[[no:Håndtrykk]] |
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[[pt:Aperto de mão]] |
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[[ru:Рукопожатие]] |
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[[sv:Handskakning]] |
2024年8月22日 (四) 17:02的最新版本
握手是一种短暂的礼节,两个人握住对方的左手或右手,通常伴有兩手的简短摇动。通常在会议,离开,祝贺或达成一致时握手。握手的目的是表达信任、協調及平等[1],可能发源于说明手中没有武器的手势。在英語系國家,男性比女性更有可能會握手,但是在商业场合,不论男女握手都是标准的礼节。握手時握得太牢的話,會被認為是一種體現強權或屈從的沒趣之事[1]。在商業、政治、社交上的一個受國際廣泛使用的的方式。部分人會以別人握手的方式時,分析出他的性格[2]。不過在2008年,英國倫敦大學早前進行一項研究,發現人們雙手經常沾滿各類細菌,與人見面打招呼時,握手比親臉頰更容易傳播病菌[3]。
握手的禮儀
[编辑]握手除了力度很重要以外,誰先伸手也是握手很重要的一環:
- 女士先伸手
- 長輩先伸手
- 上級先伸手
- 主人先伸手[4]
习俗
[编辑]握手有多種不同的習俗,有些是通用而有些只適用於某些特定文化圈:
- 拒絕握手會普遍被視為不當,大部份社交圈子都會由社會階級較高的一方主動開始握手。
- 有些地方的人會用兩隻手來握手,但大部分地方的人都是握右手。
- 童軍及劍擊運動員都會明確地使用左手握手,這是由於他們的右手分別持着旗和劍的緣故。
- 秘密結社及兄弟會通常會使用特定的秘密握手形式作識別夥伴之用。
- 在美國文化中有一種“兄弟握手”(Soul Brother Handshake,其中Soul Brothers是黑人間互稱弟兄的稱呼),又叫“力量”或“團結”握手,始於1960年代,由非裔美國男性開始使用的,至今亦廣為不同種族的人使用,尤其被年青人用於表達深厚的友誼。通常由三個動作組成,開始的是傳統的掌對掌握手,接着是兩隻拇指很快地互握一下,最後是兩人各用其餘四隻手指鈎着互握(像鐵路上的連結器那樣)。變種包括在上述最後加上high five那樣的擊掌、拳頭互碰、上拳擊下拳、假裝互摑耳光或指關節互擦。
- 在伊斯蘭教中,握手是一個古老的傳統禮節,握手同時會以阿拉伯語的“祝你平安”(Assalamu alaikum)來問候對方。
- 2003年台灣發生SARS疫情後,為防止傳染病蔓延,在中華民國由衛生署(今 衛生福利部)推動「拱手不握手」,鼓勵民眾以不會直接接觸雙手的拱手取代握手做為表達禮貌的方式。
- 2020年COVID-19疫情擴及全球,為避免病毒擴散,開始興起以擊拳(Fist bump)或碰肘(elbow bump、elbump,又稱「擊肘」)取代握手。武汉人因应瘟疫情况,发明了脚碰脚的打招呼礼仪。[5]
參見
[编辑]參考資料
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 men.style.com - GQ Style Guy, June 2000 互联网档案馆的存檔,存档日期2007-08-15.
- ^ http://www.hkheadline.com/news/headline_news_detail.asp?id=68310
- ^ http://hk.news.yahoo.com/article/080113/4/6odm.html[失效連結]
- ^ 中華民國 (台灣)外交部 - 國際禮儀 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ 疫情时期少握手 “武汉式打招呼”全球走红. BBC News 中文. 2020-03-06 [2021-08-15]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-15) (中文(简体)).