纳兰霍:修订间差异
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{{NoteTA |
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{{unreferenced|time=2015-12-26T01:59:02+00:00}} |
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|1=zh-hans:玛雅; zh-hk:瑪雅; zh-tw:馬雅; zh-sg:马雅; |
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|2=zh-hans:贝登; zh-cn:佩滕; zh-tw:貝登; |
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|3=zh-cn:蒂卡尔;zh-hk:蒂卡爾;zh-tw:提卡爾; |
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}} |
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{{Infobox ancient site |
{{Infobox ancient site |
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| name = 纳兰 |
| name = 纳兰霍<br>{{small|Naranjo}} |
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| alternate_name = |
| alternate_name = |
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| image = Sitio el naranjo 1.jpg |
| image = Sitio el naranjo 1.jpg |
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| image_size = |
| image_size = |
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| alt = |
| alt = |
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| caption = 纳兰 |
| caption = 纳兰霍的景色 |
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| map = |
| map = |
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| map_type = Mesoamerica#Guatemala |
| map_type = Mesoamerica#Guatemala |
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| map_dot_label = |
| map_dot_label = |
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| location = {{GTM}}[[貝登省]] |
| location = {{GTM}}[[貝登省]] |
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| region = |
| region = [[貝登盆地]] |
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| type = 居住地 |
| type = 居住地 |
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| built = |
| built = |
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| architectural_details = |
| architectural_details = |
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| notes = |
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| precolumbian = yes <!-- non-functional tracking parameter, do not remove/change --> |
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}} |
}} |
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[[File:El Naranjo Glyphe.jpg|100px|thumb|left|代表纳兰霍的象形文字(Naranjo)]] |
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'''纳兰永'''(Naranjo)是[[前哥伦布时期]]的一个[[玛雅]]城邦,位于[[危地马拉]][[贝登省]]的{{link-en|貝登盆地|Petén Basin}}一带。其存在时期在前500年至后950年之间。 |
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'''纳兰霍'''(西班牙語:Naranjo)是[[前哥伦布时期]]的一个[[玛雅]]城邦,位于[[危地马拉]][[贝登省]]的[[貝登盆地]]一带。其存在时期在前500年至后950年之间,在后经典时期达到最盛<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title = Naranjo {{!}} World Monuments Fund|url = https://www.wmf.org/project/naranjo|website = www.wmf.org|accessdate = 2015-12-03|archive-date = 2021-02-03|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210203091527/https://www.wmf.org/project/naranjo|dead-url = no}}</ref>。 |
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纳兰霍位于[[莫潘河]]与霍爾木爾河之间,在[[蒂卡尔]]城以东50公里处。此城曾遭受过残酷的掠夺。<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|url = http://www.famsi.org/reports/05005/05005Fialko01.pdf|title = Archaeological Research and Rescue Project at Naranjo; Emerging Documentation in Naranjo's, Palacio de le Realeza, Peten, Guatemala|last = Fialko|first = Vilma|date = 2009|journal = FAMSI|doi = |pmid = |access-date = |archive-date = 2021-01-16|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210116210812/http://www.famsi.org/reports/05005/05005Fialko01.pdf|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title = The Ancient Maya|url = https://archive.org/details/ancientmaya0006shar|last = Sharer|first = Robert J.|publisher = Stanford University Press|year = 2006|isbn = |location = |pages = |first2 = Loa P.|last2 = Traxler}}</ref>该城遗址以多彩的陶器风格而知名。<ref name=":1" /> |
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“{{lang|es|Naranjo}}”在西班牙语中意思是“橙树”,城邦标记转写为“Sa'aal”,意思是“充满(玉米)粥的地方”。他们的统治者被称为“Sa'aal之圣主”<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|url = |title = Stela 45 of Naranjo and the Early Classic Lords of Sa'aal|last = Tokovinine|first = Alexandre|date = 2007|journal = The PARI Journal|doi = |pmid = |access-date = |first2 = Vilma|last2 = Fialko}}</ref>。 |
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==已知统治者<ref name=":2" />== |
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[[Image:NaranjoStela10Maler.jpg|190px|right|thumb|描述Itzamnaaj K'awil之统治时期(784-810年)]] |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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! 名字 !!统治时期 !!其他 |
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|Tzik'in Bahlam |
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|45号石碑<ref name=":3" /> |
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|??? |
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| 475 |
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| 41号石碑 |
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|Naatz Chan Ahk |
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|K'inich Tajal Chaak |
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|Aj Wosal |
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| 546-615 |
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| 第35位统治者,1号神坛,16、17、25、27、38号石碑 |
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|- |
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|??? |
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|626 |
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| 被Caracol打败 |
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|- |
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|??? |
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| 631 |
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| 被[[卡拉克穆爾]]打败 |
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|??? |
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|680 |
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|胜Caracol |
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|- |
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|[[六天夫人]](Lady Six Sky) |
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| 682 |
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| Wac Chanil Ahau夫人,{{le|Dos Pilas|Dos Pilas}}之夫人,3、18、24、29、31号石碑 |
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|K'ak Tiliw Chan Chaak |
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| 693-728 |
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| 烟松鼠,38号统治者,胜[[蒂卡尔]],1、2、21、22、23、26、28、30号石碑 |
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|Yax Mayuy Chan Chaak |
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| 744 |
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|被[[蒂卡尔]]打败并遭到献祭 |
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|K'ak' Yipiiy Chan Chaak |
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| 746-748 |
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|K'ak' Ukalaw Chan Chaak |
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| 755-780 |
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| 6、13、19、33、36号石碑 |
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|Bat K'awiil |
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|Itzamnaaj K'awiil |
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| 784-810 |
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| 胜{{le|Yaxha|Yaxha}},7、8、10、12、14、35号石碑 |
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|Waaklajuun Ub'aah K'awiil |
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| 814 |
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==参考文献== |
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;参考 |
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{{reflist}} |
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;文献 |
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*{{cite journal | last1 = Lothrop | first1 = S. K. | year = 1941 | title = A Chronological Link Between Maya and Olmeca Art | url = | journal = American Anthropologist | volume = 43 | issue = 3| pages = 419–421 | doi=10.1525/aa.1941.43.3.02a00050}} |
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纳兰永位于[[莫潘河]]与Holmul河之间,在[[蒂卡尔]]城以东50公里处。此城曾遭受过残酷的掠夺。该城遗址以多彩的陶器风格而知名。 |
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*{{cite journal | last1 = Morley | first1 = Sylvanus G | year = 1909 | title = The Inscriptions of Naranjo, Northern Guatemala | url = | journal = American Anthropologist | volume = 11 | issue = 4| pages = 543–562 | doi=10.1525/aa.1909.11.4.02a00020}} |
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*{{cite journal | last1 = Rice | first1 = Don S. | last2 = Prudence | first2 = M. | year = 1980 | title = The Northeast Peten Revisited | url =https://archive.org/details/sim_american-antiquity_1980-07_45_3/page/432| journal = American Antiquity | volume = 45 | issue = 3| pages = 432–454 | doi=10.2307/279858}} |
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*"El Naranjo" authenticmaya.com Guatemala-Cradle of the Mayan Civilization, 28 Jan. 2011 Web. 29 Apr. 2012 |
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*"Naranjo, Central highlands." authenticmaya.com Guatemala-Cradle of the Mayan Civilization, 28 Jan. 2011 Web. 29 Apr. 2012 |
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==外部链接== |
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“纳兰永”在西班牙语中意思是“橙树”,其原文则是“Sa'aal”,意思是“充满(玉米)粥的地方”。 |
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071005133702/http://www.authenticmaya.com/naranjo.htm 纳兰霍的介绍与图库] |
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{{Maya sites}} |
{{Maya sites}} |
2024年9月23日 (一) 13:24的最新版本
纳兰霍 Naranjo | |
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类型 | 居住地 |
位置 | 危地马拉貝登省 |
坐标 | 17°08′0.95″N 89°15′43.81″W / 17.1335972°N 89.2621694°W |
文化 | 玛雅文明 |
现状 | 遗迹 |
纳兰霍(西班牙語:Naranjo)是前哥伦布时期的一个玛雅城邦,位于危地马拉贝登省的貝登盆地一带。其存在时期在前500年至后950年之间,在后经典时期达到最盛[1]。
纳兰霍位于莫潘河与霍爾木爾河之间,在蒂卡尔城以东50公里处。此城曾遭受过残酷的掠夺。[2][3]该城遗址以多彩的陶器风格而知名。[2]
“Naranjo”在西班牙语中意思是“橙树”,城邦标记转写为“Sa'aal”,意思是“充满(玉米)粥的地方”。他们的统治者被称为“Sa'aal之圣主”[4]。
名字 | 统治时期 | 其他 |
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Tzik'in Bahlam | 45号石碑[4] | |
??? | 475 | 41号石碑 |
Naatz Chan Ahk | ||
K'inich Tajal Chaak | ||
Aj Wosal | 546-615 | 第35位统治者,1号神坛,16、17、25、27、38号石碑 |
??? | 626 | 被Caracol打败 |
??? | 631 | 被卡拉克穆爾打败 |
??? | 680 | 胜Caracol |
六天夫人(Lady Six Sky) | 682 | Wac Chanil Ahau夫人,Dos Pilas之夫人,3、18、24、29、31号石碑 |
K'ak Tiliw Chan Chaak | 693-728 | 烟松鼠,38号统治者,胜蒂卡尔,1、2、21、22、23、26、28、30号石碑 |
Yax Mayuy Chan Chaak | 744 | 被蒂卡尔打败并遭到献祭 |
K'ak' Yipiiy Chan Chaak | 746-748 | |
K'ak' Ukalaw Chan Chaak | 755-780 | 6、13、19、33、36号石碑 |
Bat K'awiil | ||
Itzamnaaj K'awiil | 784-810 | 胜Yaxha,7、8、10、12、14、35号石碑 |
Waaklajuun Ub'aah K'awiil | 814 |
参考文献
[编辑]- 参考
- ^ Naranjo | World Monuments Fund. www.wmf.org. [2015-12-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-03).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Fialko, Vilma. Archaeological Research and Rescue Project at Naranjo; Emerging Documentation in Naranjo's, Palacio de le Realeza, Peten, Guatemala (PDF). FAMSI. 2009. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-16).
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Sharer, Robert J.; Traxler, Loa P. The Ancient Maya. Stanford University Press. 2006.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Tokovinine, Alexandre; Fialko, Vilma. Stela 45 of Naranjo and the Early Classic Lords of Sa'aal. The PARI Journal. 2007.
- 文献
- Lothrop, S. K. A Chronological Link Between Maya and Olmeca Art. American Anthropologist. 1941, 43 (3): 419–421. doi:10.1525/aa.1941.43.3.02a00050.
- Morley, Sylvanus G. The Inscriptions of Naranjo, Northern Guatemala. American Anthropologist. 1909, 11 (4): 543–562. doi:10.1525/aa.1909.11.4.02a00020.
- Rice, Don S.; Prudence, M. The Northeast Peten Revisited. American Antiquity. 1980, 45 (3): 432–454. doi:10.2307/279858.
- "El Naranjo" authenticmaya.com Guatemala-Cradle of the Mayan Civilization, 28 Jan. 2011 Web. 29 Apr. 2012
- "Naranjo, Central highlands." authenticmaya.com Guatemala-Cradle of the Mayan Civilization, 28 Jan. 2011 Web. 29 Apr. 2012