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法裔加拿大人：修订间差异

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{{NoteTA
{{redirect|Canadiens|the hockey team|Montreal Canadiens}}
|G1 = USStates
{{notmandarin|time=2013-04-02T17:09:05+00:00}}
|G2 = TO
|G3 = CA Places
}}
{{Expand French | Canadiens français | time = 2017-1-9}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
{{Infobox ethnic group
|group = 法裔加拿大人
|group = French Canadians <br /> <small>''Canadien français, Canadienne française''</small>
|image = Canadiens Francais Montage.jpg
|image = [[Image:LaBolducPublicity.jpg|100x100px]] [[Image:Gabrielle Roy 1945.jpg|100x100px]]<br/>[[Image:Maurice richard profile.jpg|100x100px]] [[Image:Hubert Reeves mg 4591-c.jpg|100x100px]]<br/>[[Image:Jean Chretien 2008.jpg|100x100px]] [[Image:Kerouac by Palumbo.jpg|100x100px]]<br/>[[Image:Louise Arbour.jpg|100x100px]] [[Image:Celine Dion Concert Singing Taking Chances 2008.jpg|100x100px]]
|poptime = 加拿大：''4,995,040'' {{smaller|（拥有法国祖源）}}<ref name="population2016">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-06-17 |title=Ethnic Origin (279), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age (12) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=110528&PRID=10&PTYPE=109445&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2017&THEME=120&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=2017-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026161129/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=110528&PRID=10&PTYPE=109445&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2017&THEME=120&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= |dead-url=no }}</ref><br />占总人口的'''14.5%'''（2016）<br /><br />加拿大：'''{{circa|1.056千万}}''' {{smaller|（母语是法语的加拿大人）}}<ref name="french2021">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-08-17 |title=Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Profile table Canada [Country] |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?LANG=E&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&DGUIDlist=2021A000011124&HEADERlist=,15,13,18,12,16,14,17&SearchText=Canada |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |archive-date=2022-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920163716/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?LANG=E&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&DGUIDlist=2021A000011124&HEADERlist=,15,13,18,12,16,14,17&SearchText=Canada |dead-url=no }}</ref><br />占总人口的'''29.1%'''（2021）<br /><br />美国：'''1,998,012'''（2020）<ref name="ACS2020">{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?t=Ancestry&tid=ACSDT5Y2020.B04006|title=Table B04006 - People Reporting Ancestry - 2020 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=October 12, 2022|url-status=no|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220713211542/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?t=Ancestry&tid=ACSDT5Y2020.B04006|archive-date=2022-07-13}}</ref>
<div style="background:#fee8ab;">[[La Bolduc]] • [[Gabrielle Roy]]<br />[[Maurice Richard]] • [[于贝尔·雷弗]] • [[让·克雷蒂安]] • [[杰克·凯鲁亚克]] • [[Louise Arbour]] • [[席琳·狄翁]] • [[Léo Major]] • <!--Image changes must be discussed-->
|popplace = [[加拿大]]：[[魁北克省]]的大多数人、[[新不倫瑞克省]]的大型少数族群、[[北安大略]]、[[东安大略]]、[[新斯科舍省]]、[[愛德華王子島省]]、[[曼尼托巴省]]的极少数人。
<!--Image changes must be discussed-->
|religions = 多数为[[天主教]]、少数为[[新教]]
|poptime = 10,421,365
|langs = [[加拿大法語]]、[[加拿大英语]]、[[Franglais|法英混合语]]|related = [[魁北克人]]、[[法兰西人]]、[[不列塔尼人]]，[[阿卡迪亚人]]、[[卡津人]]、[[梅蒂人]]、[[法裔美国人]]、[[French-Canadian Americans|法语系加拿大裔美国人]]、[[法裔海地人]]、[[Brayon]]、[[Breton Canadians|不列塔尼裔加拿大人]]、[[Old Stock Canadians|旧殖民裔加拿大人]]
|popplace = [[加拿大]], 特别是[[魁北克]], [[新不伦瑞克]],和[[安大略]]；[[新英格兰]], [[纽约]]和[[密歇根]]也有少量人口。
|pop1=[[美国]]：[[新英格兰]]、[[纽约州]]、[[密西根州]]、[[路易斯安那州]]的少数[[French-Canadian Americans|法语系加拿大裔美国人]]族群|population=|native_name=Canadiens français<br />Canadienne française
|religions = 多数为[[天主教]]
|langs = [[加拿大法语]] (母语), [[英语]] (作为第二语言).|related = [[French people|French]], [[French-speaking Quebecer|Québécois]], [[Acadian]]s, [[Cajun]], [[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]], [[French-speaking Quebecer]], [[Franco-Ontarian]], [[Franco-Manitoban]], [[French American]], [[Brayon]]
}}
}}
'''法裔加拿大人'''（{{lang-fr|'''Canadien français'''}}，{{lang-en|'''French Canadian'''}}，[[加拿大英語]]及[[加拿大法語|法語]]也使用{{lang|en|'''Canadien'''}}）一般指十七和十八世纪到达[[新法兰西]]的法国殖民者的后代。现今，法裔加拿大人构成加拿大讲法语的人口的主要部分。廣義上指母語為法語的[[加拿大人]]，包括在加拿大的二代三代等以法語為母語的[[华裔加拿大人|華裔加拿大人]]。


講法語的加拿大人遍布加拿大各地。600萬人口集中在[[魁北克省]]，構成了主要的語言群體，另外一百萬人口分散在全國其他地方，如[[新不伦瑞克省]]。大約31％的加拿大公民講法語，而大約25％的加拿大裔是法裔。並非所有的法語人口都具有法國血統，尤其是在今天的魁北克，也不是所有具有法國祖先的人都專門或主要使用該語言。
'''法裔加拿大人'''（{{lang-en|'''French Canadian'''}}，[[加拿大英語]]及[[:en:Canadian French|法語]]也使用'''Canadien'''）一般指十七和十八世纪到达[[新法兰西]]的法国殖民者的后代。现今，法裔加拿大人构成加拿大讲法语的人口的主要部分。

During the mid-18th century, Canadian colonists born in [[French Canada]] expanded across [[North America]] and colonized various regions, cities, and towns.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=tWkxht1Oa8EC&pg=PA22&lpg=PA22&dq=french+canadians+18th+century+colonized+united+states#v=onepage&q=&f=false Historical Atlas of Canada: The land transformed, 1800-1891] ''Google Books'.' Retrieved 2010-2-1.</ref> Today, the majority of French Canadians live across North America, including the United States and Canada. The province of [[Quebec]] has the largest population of French Canadian descent, although smaller communities of French Canadians exist throughout Canada and in the [[United States|American]] region of [[New England]], where between 1840 and 1930, roughly 900,000 French Canadians emigrated to the United States and New England, in particular.<ref>[http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebecHistory/readings/leaving.htm French Canadian Emigration to the United States, 1840-1930] ''Marianopolis College'.' Retrieved 2010-2-1.</ref>

Other terms for French Canadians that continue to reside in the province of Quebec, are ''[[French-speaking Quebecer|Quebeckers]]''<ref>[http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Quebecker]</ref> or ''Québécois''. French Canadians (including those who are no longer French-speaking) constitute the largest ethnic group in Canada, followed by [[English Canadian]]s, [[Scottish Canadians]] and [[Irish Canadians]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statcan.gc.ca/c1996-r1996/feb17-17fev/oe1ca-eo1ca-eng.htm |title=Top 25 Ethnic Origins in Canada (1), Showing Single and Multiple Responses, 1996 Census (20% Sample Data) Canada '&#39;Statistics Canada'&#39; Retrieved 2010-2-1 |publisher=Statcan.gc.ca |date=2001-12-18 |accessdate=2011-01-28}}</ref>

== 名稱由來 ==
The French Canadians get their name from ''[[Canada, New France|Canada]]'', the most developed and densely populated region of [[New France]] during the period of [[French colonization of the Americas|French colonization]] in the 17th and 18th century. The original use of the term ''Canada'' referred to the land area along the [[Saint Lawrence River|St. Lawrence River]], divided in three districts ([[Quebec City|Québec]], [[Trois-Rivières]], and [[Montréal]]), as well as to the ''Pays d'en Haut'' (Upper Countries), a vast and thinly settled territorial dependence north and west of Montreal which covered the whole of the [[Great Lakes]] area.

From 1535 to the 1690s, the French word ''Canadien'' had referred to the Aboriginal people the French had encountered in the St. Lawrence River valley at [[Stadacona]] and [[Hochelaga (village)|Hochelaga]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.celat.ulaval.ca/temps/publications/hors_ethnonyme.htm |title=Gervais Carpin, Histoire d'un mot |publisher=Celat.ulaval.ca |date= |accessdate=2011-01-28}}</ref> At the end of the 17th century, ''Canadien'' became an [[ethnonym]] distinguishing the inhabitants of Canada from those of France.

==認同==
=== 加拿大 ===
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right;"
|+Top Four Reported "French" ethnic or cultural identities in Canada<ref name="Jantzen"/>
|- style="background:#ccc;"
!Identity
!Population
|-
|[[Canadiens]]''
|6,695,770
|-
|[[French people|French]]
|4,941,210
|-
|[[French-speaking Quebecer|Québécois]]
|146,590
|-
|[[阿卡迪亞]]人
|96,145
|}
French Canadians living in Canada express their cultural identity using a number of terms. The ''Ethnic Diversity Survey'' of the 2006 Canadian census<ref name="Daily">{{cite web
| last =
| first =
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| title = Ethnic Origin (247), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3) and Sex (3) for the Population
| year = 2006 | work = The Daily
| publisher = Statistics Canada
| url = http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/tbt/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=92333&PRID=0&PTYPE=88971,97154&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2006&THEME=80&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=
| accessdate = 2008-03-17
}}</ref><ref name="EDS">{{cite web
| last =
| first =
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| title = Ethnic Diversity Survey: portrait of a multicultural society
| year = 2003
| publisher = Statistics Canada
| url = http://www.statcan.ca/english/freepub/89-593-XIE/89-593-XIE2003001.pdf
| format = PDF
| accessdate = 2008-04-25
}}</ref><ref name="questions">{{cite web
| author = Statistics Canada
| title = Ethnic Diversity Survey: Questionnaire
| publisher = Department of Canadian Heritage
| month = April | year = 2002
| url = http://janus.ssc.uwo.ca/docfiles/2002eds/Questionnaire-E.pdf
| format = PDF
| accessdate = 2008-04-25
| quote = The survey, based on interviews, asked the following questions: "1) I would now like to ask you about your ethnic ancestry, heritage or background. What were the ethnic or cultural origins of your ancestors? 2) In addition to “Canadian”, what were the other ethnic or cultural origins of your ancestors on first coming to North America?
}}</ref> found that French-speaking Canadians identified their ethnicity most often as [[Canadien]], [[French people|French]], [[French-speaking Quebecer|Québécois]], and [[Acadian]]. The latter three were grouped together by Jantzen (2006) as “French New World” ancestries because they originate in Canada.<ref name="Jantzen">{{cite journal|last=Jantzen|first=Lorna|title=THE ADVANTAGES OF ANALYZING ETHNIC ATTITUDES ACROSS GENERATIONS—RESULTS FROM THE ETHNIC DIVERSITY SURVEY|journal=CANADIAN AND FRENCH PERSPECTIVES ON DIVERSITY|year=2003|pages=103-118|url=http://publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection/CH36-4-1-2004E.pdf#page=111|accessdate=7 May 2012}}</ref><ref>Jantzen (2006) Footnote 9: ''"These will be called “French New World” ancestries since the majority of respondents in these ethnic categories are Francophones."''</ref>

Jantzen (2006) distinguishes the English ''Canadian'', meaning "someone whose family has been in Canada for multiple generations", and the French ''Canadien'', used to refer to descendants of the original settlers of [[New France]] in the 17th and 18th centuries.<ref>Jantzen (2006) Footnote 5: ''"Note that Canadian and Canadien have been separated since the two terms mean different things. In English, it usually means someone whose family has been in Canada for multiple generations. In French it is referring to "Les Habitants", settlers of New France during the 17th and 18th centuries who earned their living primarily from agricultural labour."''</ref>

Those reporting “French New World” ancestries overwhelmingly had ancestors that went back at least four generations in Canada.<ref>Jantzen (2006): ''"The reporting of French New World ancestries (Canadien, Québécois, and French-Canadian) is concentrated in the 4th+ generations; 79% of French- Canadian, 88% of Canadien and 90% of Québécois are in the 4th+generations category."''</ref> Fourth generation Canadiens and Québécois showed considerable attachment to their ethno-cultural group, with 70% and 61%, respectively, reporting a strong sense of belonging.<ref>Jantzen (2005): ''"According to Table 3, the 4th+ generations are highest because of a strong sense of belonging to their ethnic or cultural group among those respondents reporting the New World ancestries of Canadien and Québécois."''</ref>

The generational profile and strength of identity of French New World ancestries contrast with those of British or Canadian ancestries, which represent the largest ethnic identities in Canada.<ref>Jantzen (2006): ''For respondents of French and New World ancestries the pattern is different. Where generational data is available, it is possible to see that not all respondents reporting these ancestries report a high sense of belonging to their ethnic or cultural group. The high proportions are focused among those respondents that are in the 4th+ generations, and unlike with the British Isles example, the difference between the 2nd and 3rd generations to the 4th+ generation is more pronounced. Since these ancestries are concentrated in the 4th+ generations, their high proportions of sense of belonging to ethnic or cultural group push up the 4th+ generational results."''</ref> Although deeply rooted Canadians express a deep attachment to their ethnic identity, most English-speaking Canadians of British or Canadian ancestry generally cannot trace their ancestry as far back in Canada as French-speakers.<ref>Jantzen (2006): ''"As shown on Graph 3, over 30% of respondents reporting Canadian, British Isles or French ancestries are distributed across all four generational categories."''</ref> As a result, their identification with their ethnicity is weaker: for example, only 50% of third generation "Canadians" strongly identify as such, bringing down the overall average.<ref>Jantzen (2006): ''Table 3: Percentage of Selected Ancestries Reporting that Respondents have a Strong* Sense of Belonging to the Ethnic and Cultural Groups, by Generational Status, 2002 EDS"''.</ref> The survey report notes that 80% of Canadians whose families had been in Canada for three or more generations reported "Canadian and provincial or regional ethnic identities". These identities include French New World ancestries such as "Québécois" (37% of Quebec population), "Acadian" (6% of Atlantic provinces).<ref>See p. 14 of the [http://www.statcan.ca/cgi-bin/downpub/listpub.cgi?catno=89-593-XIE2003001 report].</ref>

=== 魁北克 ===
{{Main|French-speaking Quebecer}}
[[Image:Fete nationale du Quebec.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Fête nationale du Québec (Saint Jean Baptiste Day)|Fête nationale du Québec]] (or Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day) parade in [[Montreal]]]]
Since the 1960s, French Canadians in Quebec have generally used ''[[French-speaking Quebecer|Québécois]]'' (masculine) or ''Québécoise'' (feminine) to express their cultural and national identity, rather than ''Canadien français'' and ''Canadienne française''. Francophones who self-identify as Québécois and do not have French-Canadian ancestry may not identify as "French Canadian" (''Canadien'' or ''Canadien français''). Those who do have French or French-Canadian ancestry, but who support [[Quebec sovereignty]], often find ''Canadien français'' to be archaic or even pejorative. This is a reflection of the strong social, cultural, and political ties that most Quebeckers of French-Canadian origin, who constitute a majority of [[francophone]] Quebecers, maintain within Quebec. It has given [[French-speaking Quebecer|Québécois]] an ambiguous meaning<ref>{{cite book
| last = Bédard
| first = Guy
| authorlink =
| coauthors = Adrienne Shadd and Carl E. James, Editors
| year = 2001
| chapter = Québécitude: An Ambiguous Identity
| title = Talking about Identity: Encounters in Race, Ethnicity and Language
| pages = 28–32
| publisher = Between the Lines
| location = Toronto
| url = http://books.google.com/?id=y7gtD9vcGJMC&pg=PA30&lpg=PA30&dq=%22le+quebec+aux+quebecois%22
| doi =
| isbn = 1-896357-36-9
}}</ref> which has often played out in [[Québécois nation motion|political issues]],<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2006/11/27/nation-vote.html | title = House passes motion recognizing Québécois as nation | publisher = Canadian Broadcasting Corporation | date = 2006-11-27 | accessdate = 2006-12-21}}</ref> as all public institutions attached to the provincial government refer to all Quebec citizens, regardless of their language or their cultural heritage, as Québécois.

=== 加拿大其他地區 ===
[[Image:StBonifaceCollege.jpg|right|thumb|150px|[[Collège Universitaire de Saint-Boniface]] in Manitoba]]
The emphasis on the French language and Quebec autonomy means that French-speakers across Canada may now self-identify as ''québécoise'', ''acadienne'', or ''Franco-canadienne'', or as provincial linguistic minorities such as ''Franco-manitobaine'', ''Franco-ontarienne'' or ''fransaskoise''.<ref>{{cite web
| last = Churchill
| first = Stacy
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| publisher = Council of Europe, Language Policy Division
| year = 2003
| title = Language Education, Canadian Civic Identity, and the Identity of Canadians
| pages = 8–11
| url = http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/linguistic/Source/ChurchillEN.pdf
|format=PDF| doi =
| isbn =
| quote = French speakers usually refer to their own identities with adjectives such as québécoise, acadienne, or franco-canadienne, or by some term referring to a provincial linguistic minority such as franco-manitobaine, franco-ontarienne or fransaskoise.
}}</ref> Education, health and social services are provided by provincial institutions, so that provincial identities are often used to identify French-language institutions:

*[[Franco-Newfoundlander]]s, province of [[Newfoundland and Labrador]], also known as Terre-Neuvien(ne).
*[[Franco-Ontarian]]s, province of [[Ontario]], also referred to as Ontarien(ne).
*[[Franco-Manitoban]]s, province of [[Manitoba]], also referred to as Manitobain(e).
*[[Fransaskois]], province of [[Saskatchewan]], also referred to Saskois(e).
*[[Franco-Albertan]]s, province of [[Alberta]], also referred to Albertain(e).
*[[Franco-Columbian]]s, province of [[British Columbia]] mostly live in the [[Vancouver]] metro area. Also referred to as Franco-Colombien(ne)
*[[Franco-Yukonnais]], territory of [[Yukon]], also referred to as Yukonais(e).
*[[Franco-Ténois]], territory of [[Northwest Territories]], also referred to as Ténois(e).
*[[Franco-Nunavois]], territory of [[Nunavut]], also referred to as Nunavois(e).

[[Acadians]] residing in the provinces of [[New Brunswick]], [[Prince Edward Island]] and [[Nova Scotia]] represent a distinct francophone culture. This group's culture and history evolved separately from the French Canadian culture of Quebec, at a time when the Maritime Provinces were ''not'' part of what was referred to as Canada, and are consequently considered a distinct culture from French Canadians.

[[Brayon]]s in [[Madawaska County, New Brunswick|Madawaska County]], [[New Brunswick]] and [[Aroostook County, Maine|Aroostook County]], [[Maine]] may be identified with either the Acadians or the Québécois, or considered a distinct group in their own right, by different sources.

French Canadians outside Quebec are more likely to self-identify as "French Canadian". Identification with provincial groupings varies from province to province, with Franco-Ontarians, for example, using their provincial label far more frequently than Franco-Columbians do. Some identify ''only'' with the provincial groupings, explicitly rejecting "French Canadian" as an identity label.

=== 美國 ===
{{Main|法國裔美國人}}
[[Image:French1346.gif|thumb|right|200px|[[:en:French American|法國裔美國人]]在[[美國]]的[[:en:Maps of American ancestries|分佈]]]]
自18世紀中葉起，法國探險家及法屬加拿大出生的''Canadiens''陸續殖民了北美洲許多地區，包括今天的[[路易西安納州]]（稱為''Louisianais''）、[[密西西比州]]、[[密蘇里州]]、[[伊利諾州]]、[[威斯康辛州]]、[[印地安那州]]以及[[密西根上半島]]和[[底特律]]。<ref name="Illinois">
{{cite web
| last1 = Balesi
| first1 = Charles J.
| title = French and French Canadians
| work = The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago
| publisher = Chicago Historical Society.
| url = http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/488.html
| year = 2005
| accessdate = 2008-05-05
}}</ref> French Canadians在1840年代至1930年代間大量地從加拿大移民到美國[[新英格蘭]]地區，主要目的是尋找更好的工作生活條件機會。<ref name="Emigration">
{{cite web
| last1 = Belanger
| first1 = Damien-Claude
| last2 = Belanger
| first2 = Claude
| title = French Canadian Emigration to the United States, 1840-1930
| work = Quebec History
| publisher = Marianapolis College CEGEP
| url = http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/QuebecHistory/readings/leaving.htm
| date = 2000-08-23
| accessdate = 2008-05-05
}}</ref> French-Canadiang社群依然沿著魁北克邊界分佈在[[緬因州]]、[[佛蒙特州]]及[[新罕布夏州]]北部，部分向南延伸到[[麻薩諸塞州]]、[[羅德島州]]及新罕布夏州南部。The wealth of 天主教會以[[路易九世 (法蘭西)|聖路易]]命名 throughout 新英格蘭 is indicative of the French immigration to the area。他們認同傾向為[[:en:French American|Franco-American]]，尤其是那些在美國出生者。

現今法裔加拿大人、本土法國人以及世界各地認同自己為法國人者之間分佈界限相當模糊，這一情況在美國更甚於加拿大。根據研究顯示，許多美國的法裔加拿大人已經不再使用法語，因此法裔加拿大人常被理為是基於族裔而非語言上的認同。

== 人口 ==
[[Image:PlaceDArmes by Msteckiw.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Place d'Armes in Montreal, historic heart of French Canada.]]
People who today claim some French-Canadian ancestry or heritage number some 7 million in Canada and 2.4 million people in the United States. (An additional 8.4 million Americans claim French ancestry; they are treated as a separate ethnic group by the [[U.S. Census Bureau]].)

=== 加拿大 ===
In Canada, 85% of French Canadians reside in [[Quebec]] where they constitute the majority of the population in all regions except the far North. Most cities and villages in this province were built and settled by the French or French Canadians during the French colonial rule.

There are various urban and small centres in Canada outside of Quebec that have long-standing populations of French Canadians, going back to the late 19th century. [[Eastern Ontario|Eastern]] and [[Northern Ontario|Northern]] [[Ontario]] have large populations of francophones in communities such as [[Ottawa]], [[Cornwall, Ontario|Cornwall]], [[Hawkesbury, Ontario|Hawkesbury]], [[Greater Sudbury|Sudbury]], [[Welland]], [[Timmins]] and [[Windsor, Ontario|Windsor]]. Many also pioneered the [[Canadian Prairies]] in the late 18th century, founding the towns of [[Saint Boniface, Manitoba]] and in Alberta's [[Peace Country]], including the region of [[Grande Prairie]].

The following table shows the population of Canada's that has French ancestries. The data is from Statistics Canada.
[[Image:Fleur de lys du québec.svg|thumb|right|200px|The ''[[fleur-de-lis]]'', symbol of French Canada.]]

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right"
|-
!省 或 地區
!%
!Total<br />population<br />responding
|-
|align="left"|'''[[加拿大]]''' &mdash; ''總計''
|
|8,485,000
|-
|align="left"|[[不列顛哥倫比亞]]
|11.6%
|361,000
|-
|align="left"|[[亞伯達]]
|11.9%
|388,210
|-
|align="left"|[[Saskatchewan]]
|16.4%
|161,603
|-
|align="left"|[[馬尼托巴]]
|13.1%
|150,440
|-
|align="left"|[[安大略]]
|11.2%
|1,351,765
|-
|align="left"|[[魁北克]]
|75%
|6,000,000
|-
|align="left"|[[新不倫瑞克]]
|30.1% (including Acadians)
|220,000
|-
|align="left"|[[新斯科細亞]]
|16.2%
|152,548
|-
|align="left"|[[愛德華王子島]]
|23.1%
|31,381
|-
|align="left"|[[紐芬蘭-拉布拉多]]
|5.5%
|27,800
|-
|align="left"|[[努納武特]]
|1.27%
|370
|-
|align="left"|[[Northwest Territories]]
|2.4%
|975
|-
|align="left"|[[育空]]
|3.69%
|1,105
|}

=== 美國 ===
[[File:French in the United States.png|thumb|Distribution of French in the United States]]In the United States, many cities were founded as colonial outposts of [[New France]] by French or French-Canadian explorers. They include [[New Orleans|New Orleans, Louisiana]]; [[Mobile, Alabama]]; [[Coeur d'Alene, Idaho]]; [[Prairie du Rocher]] and [[Belleville, Illinois|Belleville]] in [[Illinois]]; [[Dubuque, Iowa]]; [[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]]; [[Biloxi, Mississippi]]; [[St. Louis, Missouri]]; [[Creve Coeur, Missouri]]; [[Green Bay, Wisconsin|La Baye]], [[Prairie du Chien]], [[La Crosse, Wisconsin|La Crosse]], and [[Milwaukee]] in [[Wisconsin]], and [[Provo, Utah]].

The majority of the French-Canadian population in the United States is found in the New England area, although there is also a large French-Canadian presence in [[Plattsburgh, New York]], across [[Lake Champlain]] from [[Burlington, Vermont]]. Quebec and Acadian emigrants settled in industrial cities like [[Fitchburg, Massachusetts|Fitchburg]], [[Worcester, Massachusetts|Worcester]], [[Waltham, Massachusetts|Waltham]], [[Lowell, Massachusetts|Lowell]], [[Lawrence, Massachusetts|Lawrence]], [[Chicopee, Massachusetts|Chicopee]], [[Fall River, Massachusetts|Fall River]], and [[New Bedford, Massachusetts|New Bedford]] in [[Massachusetts]]; [[Woonsocket, Rhode Island|Woonsocket]] in [[Rhode Island]]; [[Manchester, New Hampshire|Manchester]] and [[Nashua, New Hampshire|Nashua]] in [[New Hampshire]]; [[Bristol, Connecticut|Bristol]] in [[Connecticut]]; throughout the state of [[Vermont]], particularly in [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]], [[St. Albans (city), Vermont|St. Albans]], and [[Barre, Vermont (city)|Barre]]; and [[Biddeford, Maine|Biddeford]] and [[Lewiston, Maine|Lewiston]] in [[Maine]]. Smaller groups of French Canadians settled in the Midwest, notably in the states of [[Michigan]], [[Wisconsin]],Nebraska,Iowa, Missouri, and [[Minnesota]]. French-Canadians also settled in central North Dakota, largely in [[Rolette County, North Dakota|Rolette]] and [[Bottineau County, North Dakota|Bottineau]] counties, and in South Dakota.

Some [[Métis people (Canada)|Metis]] still speak [[Michif]], a language influenced by French, and a mixture of other European and Native American tribal languages.

== 語言 ==
[[Image:Arret.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Quebec [[stop sign]].]]
{{main|Canadian French}}
[[Canadian French]] is an umbrella term for the distinct [[Variety (linguistics)|varieties]] of French spoken by [[francophone]] Canadians: [[French-speaking Quebecer|Québécois]] ([[Quebec French]]), [[Acadian French]], [[Métis French]], and [[Newfoundland French]]. Unlike Acadian French and Newfoundland French, the French of Ontario, the Canadian West, and New England all originate from what is now Quebec French and do not constitute distinct varieties from it, though there are some regional differences. French Canadians may also speak either [[Canadian English]] or [[American English]].

In Quebec, about six million French Canadians are native French speakers. One million are English-speaking, i.e. Anglophones or [[English-speaking Quebecer]]s, and others are [[Allophone (Quebec)|Allophones]] (literally "other-speakers", meaning, in practice, immigrants who speak neither French nor English at home). In the United States, assimilation to the [[English language]] was more significant and very few Americans of French-Canadian ancestry or heritage speak French today.

Six million of Canada's native French speakers, of all origins, are found in the province of Quebec, where they constitute the majority language group, and another one million are distributed throughout the rest of Canada. Roughly 31% of Canadian citizens are French-speaking and 25% are of French-Canadian descent. Not all French speakers are of French descent, and not all people of French-Canadian heritage are exclusively or primarily French-speaking.

Francophones living in Canadian provinces other than Quebec have enjoyed [[minority language]] rights under Canadian law since at least 1969, with the [[Official Languages Act (Canada)|Official Languages Act]], and under the [[Canadian Constitution]] since 1982, protecting them from provincial governments that have historically been indifferent towards their presence.

== 信仰 ==
[[Image:Ste Anne de Beaupré, Québec.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Basilica of [[Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré]], Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré, Quebec]]
The pre-revolutionary kingdom of [[France]] forbade non-Catholic settlement in [[New France]] from 1629 onward and almost all French settlers of [[Canada, New France|Canada]] were [[Roman Catholic]]. In the United States, some French Catholics have converted to [[Protestantism]]. Until the 1960s, religion was a central component of French-Canadian national identity. The Church parish was the focal point of civic life in French-Canadian society, and religious orders ran French-Canadian schools, hospitals and orphanages and were very controlling of every day life in general. During the [[Quiet Revolution]] of the 1960s, however, the practice of Catholicism dropped drastically.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/events/quiet.htm |title=The Quiet Revolution |author=Claude Bélenger |date=2000-08-23 |accessdate=2011-03-02}}</ref> Church attendance in [[Quebec]] currently remains low. Rates of religious observance among French Canadians outside Quebec tend to vary by region, and by age. In general, however, those in Quebec are the least observant, while those in the [[United States of America]] and other places away from Quebec tend to be the most observant. There are also French Canadians who have Canadian citizenship and whose mother tongue is [[French language|French]] whose families arrived in Canada over the last 75 year who are not [[Christian]]{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}}. There are many people from France, [[Lebanon]], [[Morocco]], [[Tunisia]], and other countries whose mother tongue is French and are either [[Muslim]] or [[Jewish]].

==歷史==
The [[French people|French]] were the first [[European ethnic groups|Europeans]] to permanently colonize what is now [[Quebec]], parts of Ontario, Acadia, and select areas of Western Canada, all in Canada (See [[French colonization of the Americas]].) Their colonies of [[New France]] (also commonly called Canada) stretched across what today are the [[Maritimes|Maritime provinces]], southern Quebec and [[Ontario]], as well as the entire [[Mississippi River]] Valley.

[[Image:Voyageur canoe.jpg|225px|left|thumb|Voyageurs Passing a Waterfall]]
The first permanent European settlements in Canada were at [[Habitation at Port-Royal|Port Royal]] in 1605 and [[Quebec City]] in 1608 as fur trading posts. The territories of New France were [[Canada (New France)|Canada]], [[Acadia]] (later renamed [[Nova Scotia]]), and [[Louisiana (New France)|Louisiana]]. The inhabitants of Canada called themselves the ''Canadiens'', and came mostly from northwestern France.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-7162(192305)107%3C7%3ATFCITP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-F |title=G. E. Marquis, Louis Allen, The French Canadians in the Province of Quebec |publisher=Links.jstor.org |date= |accessdate=2011-01-28}}</ref> The early inhabitants of Acadia, or ''Acadiens'', came mostly but not exclusively from the Southwestern region of France. ''Canadien'' explorers and fur traders would come to be known as ''[[coureurs des bois]]'', while those who settled on farms in Canada would come to be known as ''[[habitants]]''. Many French Canadians are the descendants of the [[King's Daughters]] of this era. Many also are the descendants of mixed French and [[Algonquin]] marriages.

During the mid-18th century, French explorers and ''Canadiens'' born in French Canada colonized other parts of North America in what are today the states of [[Louisiana]] (called ''Louisianais''), [[Mississippi]]; [[Missouri]]; [[Illinois]]; [[Vincennes, Indiana]]; [[Louisville, Kentucky]]; the [[Windsor-Detroit]] region and the [[Canadian prairies]] (primarily Southern [[Manitoba]]).
[[Image:Cornelius Krieghoff 001.jpg|thumb|150px|''Habitants'' by [[Cornelius Krieghoff]] (1852)]]
After the 1760 British conquest of New France in the [[French and Indian War]] (known as the [[Seven Years' War]] in Canada), the French-Canadian population remained important in the life of the colonies.

The British gained Acadia by the [[Treaty of Utrecht]] in 1713. In 1755, the beginning of the French and Indian War, the British—actually British Americans from Massachusetts—committed what historian John Mack Faragher calls the first genocide by devastating Acadia, deporting 75% of the Acadian population to other British colonies and France in a massive diaspora. Those Acadians deported to Southern colonies close to French Louisiana migrated there, creating "Cajun" culture. Beyond Acadia, French Canadians escaped this fate in part because of the capitulation act that made them British subjects.{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}} It took the 1774 [[Quebec Act]] for them to regain the French civil law system, and in 1791 French Canadians in [[Lower Canada]] were introduced to the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|British parliament]]ary system when an elected [[Legislative Assembly]] was created.

The Legislative Assembly having no real power, the political situation degenerated into the [[Lower Canada Rebellion]]s of 1837–1838, after which Lower Canada and [[Upper Canada]] were unified. Some of the motivations for the union was to limit French-Canadian political power and at the same time transferring a large part of the Upper Canadian debt to the debt-free Lower Canada. After many decades of British immigration, the ''Canadiens'' became a minority in the [[Province of Canada]] in the 1850s.

French-Canadian contributions were essential in securing [[responsible government]] for [[The Canadas]] and in undertaking [[Canadian Confederation]]. However, over the course of the late 19th and 20th centuries, French Canadians' discontent grew with their place in Canada because of a series of events, including the execution of [[Louis Riel]], the elimination of official bilingualism in [[Manitoba]], Canada's participation in the [[Second Boer War]], [[Regulation 17]] which banned French-language schools in Ontario, the [[Conscription Crisis of 1917]] and the [[Conscription Crisis of 1944]].

Between the 1840s and the 1930s, some 900,000 French Canadians emigrated to the [[New England]] region. About half of them returned home. The generations born in the United States would eventually come to see themselves as [[Franco-American]]s. During the same period of time, numerous French Canadians also emigrated and settled in Eastern and Northern [[Ontario]]. The descendants of those Quebec immigrants constitute the bulk of today's [[Franco-Ontarian]] community.

Since 1968, French has been one of Canada's two official languages. It is the sole official language of Quebec and one of the official languages of [[New Brunswick]], [[Yukon]], the [[Northwest Territories]] and [[Nunavut]]. The province of [[Ontario]] has no official languages defined in law, although the provincial government provides French language services in many parts of the province under the [[French Language Services Act]].

==現代用法==

In English usage, the terms for provincial subgroups, if used at all, are usually defined solely by province of residence, with all of the terms being strictly interchangeable with French Canadian. Although this remains the more common usage in English, it is considered outdated to many Canadians of French descent, especially in Quebec. Most francophone Canadians who use the provincial labels identify with their province of ''origin'', even if it is not the province in which they currently reside; for example, a Québécois who moved to Manitoba would ''not'' change his own self-identification to Franco-Manitoban.

Increasingly, provincial labels are used to stress the linguistic and cultural, as opposed to ethnic and religious, nature of French-speaking institutions and organizations. The term "French Canadian" is still used in historical and cultural contexts, or when it is necessary to refer to Canadians of French-Canadian collectively, such as in the name and mandate of a national organizations which serve minority francophone communities across Canada. Francophone Canadians of non-French-Canadian origin such as immigrants from francophone countries are not usually designated by the term "French Canadian"{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}}; the more general term "francophones" is used for French-speaking Canadians across all ethnic origins.

==組織==
===全國性===
* [http://francoculture.ca/fccf Fédération culturelle canadienne-française (French Canadian Cultural Federation)]
* [[Association francophone pour le savoir]]
* [http://www.fjcf.ca Fédération de la jeunesse canadienne-française (French Canadian Youth Federation)]

==French-Canadian旗幟==
<center><gallery>
Image:Flag of Acadia.svg|[[Flag of Acadia|Acadia]]
Image:Franco-Terreneuviens.svg|[[Franco-Newfoundlander]]
Image:Flag of Quebec.svg|[[Flag of Quebec|Quebec]]
Image:Flag of the Franco Albertains.svg|[[Franco-Albertan]]s
Image:Bandera dels Fransaskois.svg|[[Fransaskois]]
Image:Flag of the Franco-Colombiens.svg|[[Franco-Columbian]]s
Image:Flag of the Franco-Manitobains.svg|[[Franco-Manitoban]]s
Image:Franco-Ontarian flag.svg|[[Franco-Ontarian#Franco-Ontarian flag|Franco-Ontarian]]s
Image:Flag of the Franco-Yukonnais.svg|[[Franco-Yukonnais]]
Image:Flag of the Franco-Nunavois.png|[[Franco-Nunavois]]
Image:Flag of the FrancoTenois.svg|[[Franco-Ténois]]
</gallery></center>

== 參見 ==
{{Portal|Canada|Quebec|New France}}
{{Wikipedia books|Canada}}
*[[Quebec]]
*[[Canuck]]
*[[English Canadian]]
*[[Speak White]]
*[[French American]]
*[[French Australian]]
*[[French people]]
*[[French in the United States]]
*[[French diaspora]]
*[[Pure laine]]
*[[Quebec diaspora]]
*[[Cajun]]
*[[Voyageurs]]
*[[Fransaskois]]


加拿大法語文學和文化是[[加拿大文化]]的一部分。
== 註釋 ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}


== 參照 ==
==参考资料==
{{Reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite book |last = Geyh |first =Patricia Keeney |coauthor= |year =2002 |title =French Canadian sources: a guide for genealogists
* {{Cite book |last =Geyh |first =Patricia Keeney |coauthor = |year =2002 |title =French Canadian sources: a guide for genealogists |url =http://books.google.ca/books?id=svJKKvIWfUcC&lpg=PP1&dq=French%20Canadian&pg=PR7#v=onepage&q&f=true |publisher =Ancestry Pub |isbn =1-931279-01-2 |accessdate = |archive-date =2012-11-09 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20121109183058/http://books.google.ca/books?id=svJKKvIWfUcC&lpg=PP1&dq=French%20Canadian&pg=PR7#v=onepage&q&f=true |dead-url =no }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040120103226/http://www.valpo.edu/geomet/pics/geo200/pct_french_canadian.pdf ''Map displaying the percentage of the US population claiming French Canadian ancestry by county''], United States Census Bureau, Census 2000
|url =http://books.google.ca/books?id=svJKKvIWfUcC&lpg=PP1&dq=French%20Canadian&pg=PR7#v=onepage&q&f=true |publisher= Ancestry Pub|isbn=1-931279-01-2 |accessdate = |postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}
* [http://www.valpo.edu/geomet/pics/geo200/pct_french_canadian.pdf ''Map displaying the percentage of the US population claiming French Canadian ancestry by county''], United States Census Bureau, Census 2000
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| last = Allan
| last = Allan
| first = Greer
| first = Greer
| coauthors =
| coauthors =
| title = The People of New France. (Themes in Canadian History Series)
| title = The People of New France. (Themes in Canadian History Series)
| publisher = University of Toronto Press
| publisher = University of Toronto Press
| year= 1997
| year = 1997
| pages = 137 pages
| pages = 137 pages
| month =
| month =
| url = http://books.google.ca/books?id=uKJAUqpAolQC&lpg=PP1&dq=The%20People%20of%20New%20France&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true
| url = http://books.google.ca/books?id=uKJAUqpAolQC&lpg=PP1&dq=The%20People%20of%20New%20France&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true
| isbn = 0-8020-7816-8}}
| isbn = 0-8020-7816-8
| access-date = 2013-01-01
| archive-date = 2020-08-30
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200830163212/https://books.google.ca/books?id=uKJAUqpAolQC&lpg=PP1&dq=The%20people%20of%20New%20France&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite journal
* {{cite journal
| last = Marquis
| last = Marquis
第353行： 第51行：
| issue = Social and Economic Conditions in The Dominion of Canada
| issue = Social and Economic Conditions in The Dominion of Canada
| pages = 7–12
| pages = 7–12
| month= May | year= 1923
| publisher =
| publisher =
| url =
| url =
| accessdate =
| accessdate =
| doi = 10.1177/000271622310700103 }}
| doi = 10.1177/000271622310700103 |date=May 1923}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| last = Brault
| last = Brault
| first = Gerard J.
| first = Gerard J.
| coauthors =
| coauthors =
| title = The French-Canadian Heritage in New England
| title = The French-Canadian Heritage in New England
| publisher = University Press of New England
| publisher = University Press of New England
| date= March 15, 1986
| date = March 15, 1986
| pages = 312 pages
| pages = 312 pages
| month =
| month =
|url = http://books.google.ca/books?id=5ZkXdBzYjzcC&lpg=PP1&dq=The%20French-Canadian%20Heritage%20in%20New%20England&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true
| url = http://books.google.ca/books?id=5ZkXdBzYjzcC&lpg=PP1&dq=The%20French-Canadian%20Heritage%20in%20New%20England&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true
| isbn = 0-87451-359-6}}
| isbn = 0-87451-359-6
| access-date = 2013-01-01
| archive-date = 2012-11-08
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121108182513/http://books.google.ca/books?id=5ZkXdBzYjzcC&lpg=PP1&dq=The%20French-Canadian%20Heritage%20in%20New%20England&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true
| dead-url = no
}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| last = Doty
| last = Doty
第384行： 第86行：
| coauthors =
| coauthors =
| title = A Great and Noble Scheme: The Tragic Story of the Expulsion of the French Acadians from Their American Homeland
| title = A Great and Noble Scheme: The Tragic Story of the Expulsion of the French Acadians from Their American Homeland
| url = https://archive.org/details/greatnoblescheme00fara
| publisher = W. W. Norton
| publisher = W. W. Norton
| year= 2005
| year= 2005
第394行： 第97行：
| coauthors =
| coauthors =
| title = Ethnic Identity: The Case of the French Americans
| title = Ethnic Identity: The Case of the French Americans
| url = https://archive.org/details/ethnicidentityca0000park_e4p9
| publisher = University Press of America
| publisher = University Press of America
| year= 1983
| year= 1983
第409行： 第113行：
| month =
| month =
| isbn = }}
| isbn = }}
* {{Cite book |last = Silver |first =A. I |coauthor= |year = 1997|title =The French-Canadian idea of Confederation, 1864-1900 |url =http://books.google.ca/books?id=tipNL7l7FbQC&lpg=PP1&dq=French%20Canadian&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true |publisher= University of Toronto Press |isbn=0-8020-7928-8
* {{Cite book |last =Silver |first =A. I |coauthor = |year =1997 |title =The French-Canadian idea of Confederation, 1864-1900 |url =http://books.google.ca/books?id=tipNL7l7FbQC&lpg=PP1&dq=French%20Canadian&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true |publisher =University of Toronto Press |isbn =0-8020-7928-8 |accessdate = |archive-date =2012-11-09 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20121109183334/http://books.google.ca/books?id=tipNL7l7FbQC&lpg=PP1&dq=French%20Canadian&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=true |dead-url =no }}
|accessdate = |postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}



== 外部連結 ==
== 外部連結 ==

{{commons category|French Canadians}}
{{commons category|French Canadians}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120504020748/http://multiculturalcanada.ca/ Multicultural Canada website] includes seven full-text searchable French Canadian newspapers from Ontario and Quebec
{{Wiktionary}}
{{歐洲裔加拿大人}}
*[http://www.multiculturalcanada.ca/ Multicultural Canada website] includes seven full-text searchable French Canadian newspapers from Ontario and Quebec
{{加拿大族群}}

[[Category:法系加拿大人| ]]
{{People of Canada}}
[[Category:加拿大的法国侨民|*]]
{{French diaspora}}
[[Category:法國裔加拿大人|*]]

[[Category:加拿大族群|France]]
[[Category:语言少数群体]]
[[Category:法裔加拿大人|*]]
[[Category:少数民族]]

[[pl:Frankofończycy (Kanada)]]

2024年11月6日 (三) 04:21的最新版本

法裔加拿大人
Canadiens français
Canadienne française
總人口
加拿大：4,995,040 （拥有法国祖源）[1]
占总人口的14.5%（2016）

加拿大：约1.056千万 （母语是法语的加拿大人）[2]
占总人口的29.1%（2021）

美国：1,998,012（2020）[3]
分佈地區
加拿大：魁北克省的大多数人、新不倫瑞克省的大型少数族群、北安大略、东安大略、新斯科舍省、愛德華王子島省、曼尼托巴省的极少数人。
美国：新英格兰、纽约州、密西根州、路易斯安那州的少数法语系加拿大裔美国人族群
語言
加拿大法語、加拿大英语、法英混合语
宗教信仰
多数为天主教、少数为新教
相关族群
魁北克人、法兰西人、不列塔尼人，阿卡迪亚人、卡津人、梅蒂人、法裔美国人、法语系加拿大裔美国人、法裔海地人、Brayon、不列塔尼裔加拿大人、旧殖民裔加拿大人

法裔加拿大人（法語：Canadien français，英語：French Canadian，加拿大英語及法語也使用Canadien）一般指十七和十八世纪到达新法兰西的法国殖民者的后代。现今，法裔加拿大人构成加拿大讲法语的人口的主要部分。廣義上指母語為法語的加拿大人，包括在加拿大的二代三代等以法語為母語的華裔加拿大人。

講法語的加拿大人遍布加拿大各地。600萬人口集中在魁北克省，構成了主要的語言群體，另外一百萬人口分散在全國其他地方，如新不伦瑞克省。大約31％的加拿大公民講法語，而大約25％的加拿大裔是法裔。並非所有的法語人口都具有法國血統，尤其是在今天的魁北克，也不是所有具有法國祖先的人都專門或主要使用該語言。

加拿大法語文學和文化是加拿大文化的一部分。

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. Ethnic Origin (279), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age (12) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data. www12.statcan.gc.ca. 2019-06-17 [2022-09-24]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-26）. 
  2. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Profile table Canada [Country]. www12.statcan.gc.ca. 2022-08-17 [2022-09-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-09-20）. 
  3. ^ Table B04006 - People Reporting Ancestry - 2020 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. United States Census Bureau. [October 12, 2022]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-13）. 


外部連結

[编辑]
维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：法裔加拿大人
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