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飓风康妮：修订间差异

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{{noteTA
|G1=USState
|G2=Cyclone
|1=zh-hans:威尔明顿;zh-hant:威明頓;
|2=zh-cn:协调世界时;zh-tw:世界協調時間;zh-mo:世界協調時;zh-hk:協調世界時;
|3=zh-cn:安的列斯;zh-hk:安地列斯;zh-tw:安地列斯;
|4=zh-tw:乞沙比克;zh-cn:切萨皮克;zh-hk:車薩比;
}}
{{Infobox Hurricane
{{Infobox Hurricane
| Name=飓风康妮
| Name=飓风康妮
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| Hurricane season=[[1955年大西洋飓风季]]
| Hurricane season=[[1955年大西洋飓风季]]
}}
}}
'''飓风康妮'''1955年8月在[[美国东部]]引发重大洪灾的一场[[萨菲尔-辛普森飓风风力等级|四级飓风]]，同一地区还在短短数天受到[[飓风黛安]]袭击。气旋于8月3日经东大西洋的[[东风波]]发展而成并快速朝西北偏西移动，到8月4日已达飓风强度。风暴起初对[[小安的列斯群岛]]构成威胁，后在群岛以北约165公里海域经过。康妮在[[美属维尔京群岛]]夺走三条人命，还有部分民居被毁。系统外围[[雨带]]产生飓风强度阵风并降下暴雨，[[波多黎各]]雨量达220毫米，岛上60户民宅被毁，农作物也受到影响。据[[飓风猎人]]观测，风暴在袭击波多黎各后于8月7日达到[[最大持续风速]]每小时220公里，[[气压]]944[[巴|毫巴]]（[[帕斯卡|百帕]]，27.9[[英寸汞柱]]）的最高强度。接下来气旋的移动速度放缓，强度也有减弱，转向北上后于8月12日以[[萨菲尔-辛普森飓风风力等级]]下的二级飓风强度吹袭[[北卡罗来纳州]]，也是1955年大西洋飓风季三个袭击该州热带气旋中的第一个（之后两个分别是飓风康妮和[[飓风伊俄涅]]）。经过[[切萨皮克湾]]区域后，风暴继续深入内陆，最终于8月15日被[[休伦湖]]上空的[[冷锋]]吸收。
'''飓风康妮'''是1955年8月在[[美国东部]]引发重大洪灾的强劲[[萨菲尔-辛普森飓风风力等级|四级飓风]]，当地还在短短数天后受到[[飓风黛安]]袭击。气旋于8月3日经东大西洋的[[东风波]]发展而成并快速朝西北偏西移动，到8月4日已达飓风强度。风暴起初对[[小安的列斯群岛]]构成威胁，后在群岛以北约165公里海域经过。康妮在[[美属维尔京群岛]]夺走三条人命，并摧毁部分民居。系统外围[[雨带]]产生飓风强度阵风并降下暴雨，[[波多黎各]]雨量达220毫米，岛上60户民宅被毁，农作物也受到影响。据[[飓风猎人]]观测，风暴在袭击波多黎各后于8月7日达到[[最大持续风速]]每小时220公里，[[气压]]944[[巴|毫巴]]（[[帕斯卡|百帕]]，27.9[[英寸汞柱]]）的最高强度。接下来气旋的移动速度放缓，强度也有减弱，转向北上后于8月12日以[[萨菲尔-辛普森飓风风力等级]]下的二级飓风强度吹袭[[北卡罗来纳州]]，成为1955年大西洋飓风季第一个对该州构成重大破坏的热带气旋（之后两个分别是飓风黛安和[[飓风伊俄涅]]）。经过[[切萨皮克湾]]区域后，风暴继续深入内陆，最终于8月15日被[[休伦湖]]上空的[[冷锋]]吸收。


[[国家气象局 (美国)|美国国家气象局]]在康妮[[登陆 (气象学)|登陆]]前向大范围地区发布[[热带气旋警告|飓风警告]]，建议人员撤离、航班取消，海滩封闭。气旋产生狂风巨浪并在沿途降下暴雨，北卡罗来纳州的农作物遭受重创，还导致27人死亡。[[华盛顿哥伦比亚特区]]有四人因道路湿滑引发的交通事故丧生。飓风在切萨皮克湾导致一艘船倾覆，船上14人遇难，[[美国海岸警卫队]]为此调整政策。[[宾夕法尼亚州]]和[[新泽西州]]各有六人死亡，[[纽约州]]的降雨量创下新纪录，部分房屋和地铁被淹，共有14人死亡。风暴期间，全美至少有29.5万人家中断电，损失总额约8600万[[美元]]{{refn|如无特别说明，所有损失数额均为1955年货币价值。|group=注}}。康妮产生的降水同数天后的飓风黛安一起共造成七亿美元的经济损失。此外，风暴残留进入加拿大还在[[安大略省]]夺走四条人命，另有部分房屋和船只被毁。由于这场飓风造成重大人员伤亡和经济损失，其名称“康妮”因此从大西洋风暴命名名单退役，以后永远都不会再在北大西洋热带气旋命名时采用。
[[国家气象局 (美国)|美国国家气象局]]在康妮[[登陆 (气象学)|登陆]]前向大范围地区发布[[热带气旋警告|飓风警告]]，多地人员撤离、航班取消，海滩封闭。气旋产生狂风巨浪并在沿途降下暴雨，北卡罗来纳州的农作物遭受重创，还导致27人死亡。[[华盛顿哥伦比亚特区]]有四人因道路湿滑引发的交通事故丧生。飓风在切萨皮克湾导致一艘船倾覆，船上十四人遇难，[[美国国会]]为此通过法律变更[[美国海岸警卫队]]的检查政策。[[宾夕法尼亚州]]和[[新泽西州]]各有六人死亡，[[纽约州]]降雨量创下新纪录，部分房屋和地铁被淹，共有十四人死亡。风暴期间，全美至少有29.5万人家中断电，损失总额约8600万[[美元]]{{refn|如无特别说明，所有损失数额均为1955年货币价值。|group=注}}。康妮产生的降水同数天后的飓风黛安一起共造成七亿美元的经济损失。此外，风暴残留进入加拿大后还在[[安大略省]]夺走四条人命，并摧毁部分房屋和船只。由于这场飓风造成重大人员伤亡和经济损失，其名称“康妮”因此退役，以后永远都不会再在北大西洋热带气旋命名时采用。


== 发展历程 ==
== 发展历程 ==
{{storm path|Connie 1955 track.png}}
{{storm path|Connie 1955 track.png}}
据附近两艘船只提供的报告分析，1955年8月3日，一股[[东风波]]在[[佛得角]]以西洋面发展成[[热带气旋|热带低气压]]，气旋迅速向西北偏西移动并强化成热带风暴康妮。8月4日，[[飓风猎人]]发现风暴正发展出[[风眼|眼状特征]]，并且侦察机和附近船只的观测结果都表明康妮当天就达到飓风强度。气旋在逼近[[小安的列斯群岛]]北侧期间继续强化，于8月6日从群岛以北约165公里海域经过。当晚，康妮的强度达到[[萨菲尔-辛普森飓风风力等级]]下的三级飓风标准，成为[[热带气旋等级|大型飓风]]。<ref name="mwr">{{cite journal | author = Gordon E. Dunn | author2 = Walter R. Davis | author3 = Paul L. Moore | title = Hurricanes of 1955 | journal = Monthly Weather Review | volume = 83 | issue = 12 | pages = 315 | accessdate = 2020-04-13 | date = 1955-12 | format = PDF | url = https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/mwr_pdf/1955.pdf | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170507053542/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/mwr_pdf/1955.pdf | archivedate = 2017-05-07 | deadurl = no | bibcode = 1955MWRv...83..315D | doi = 10.1175/1520-0493(1955)083<0315:HO>2.0.CO;2}}</ref><ref name="meta">{{cite report | url = https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/metadata_master.html#1955_2 | publisher = Hurricane Research Division | date = 2015-05 | title = Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT | accessdate = 2020-04-13 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110604063810/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/metadata_master.html#1955_2#1955_2 | archivedate = 2011-06-04 | deadurl = no}}</ref>
据附近两艘船只提供的数据，1955年8月3日，一股[[东风波]]在[[佛得角]]以西洋面发展成[[热带气旋|热带低气压]]，然后迅速向西北偏西移动并强化成热带风暴康妮。8月4日，[[飓风猎人]]发现气旋正发展出[[风眼|眼状特征]]，并且侦察机和附近船只的观测结果都表明风暴当天就达到飓风强度。康妮在逼近[[小安的列斯群岛]]北侧期间继续强化，于8月6日从群岛以北约165公里海域经过。当晚，康妮的强度达到[[萨菲尔-辛普森飓风风力等级|三级飓风]]标准，成为[[热带气旋等级|大型飓风]]。<ref name="mwr">{{cite journal | author = Gordon E. Dunn | author2 = Walter R. Davis | author3 = Paul L. Moore | title = Hurricanes of 1955 | journal = Monthly Weather Review | volume = 83 | issue = 12 | pages = 315 | accessdate = 2020-04-13 | date = 1955-12 | format = PDF | url = https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/mwr_pdf/1955.pdf | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170507053542/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/mwr_pdf/1955.pdf | archivedate = 2017-05-07 | deadurl = no | bibcode = 1955MWRv...83..315D | doi = 10.1175/1520-0493(1955)083<0315:HO>2.0.CO;2 }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/mwr_pdf/1955.pdf |date=20170507053542 }}</ref><ref name="meta">{{cite report | url = https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/metadata_master.html#1955_2 | publisher = Hurricane Research Division | date = 2015-05 | title = Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT | accessdate = 2020-04-13 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110604063810/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/metadata_master.html#1955_2#1955_2 | archivedate = 2011-06-04 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/metadata_master.html#1955_2 |date=20110604063810 }}</ref>


受大规模[[高压脊]]影响，风暴经过小安的列斯群岛后略朝西北转向。8月7日，飓风猎人侦察机观测到倒圆锥形状的风眼，大头位于飞行高度层，接近地表的小头直径约15公里。侦察机还测得944[[巴|毫巴]]（[[帕斯卡|百帕]]，27.88[[英寸汞柱]]）的最低[[气压]]，这也是整场飓风的最低气压。根据上述观测数据，[[大西洋海洋学和气象学实验室]]下属[[飓风研究部]]估计气旋此时的[[最大持续风速]]达到每小时220公里，成为四级飓风。<ref name="meta" />气旋向西北推近，从[[巴哈马]]东北方向经过。随着风眼尺寸增大，康妮在[[上升流]]和冷空气的共同影响下逐渐减弱，强度在8月9日跌至低于大型飓风标准。风暴同东南方向正在发展的[[飓风黛安]]发生[[藤原效应]]，并在东北一侧逐渐成型的高压脊影响下放慢移动速度，此时的前进方向为西北偏西。8月10日，飓风在逼近美国东南沿海时转向北上。8月12日，气旋强度略有回升，达到风速每小时160公里的第二波高峰。[[协调世界时]]下午15点左右，康妮从北卡罗来纳州[[加特利县 (北卡罗莱纳州)|加特利县]][[梅肯堡州立公园]]（{{lang|en|Fort Macon State Park}}）附近[[登陆 (气象学)|登陆]]。<ref name="mwr"/><ref name="meta" />
受大规模[[高压脊]]影响，风暴经过小安的列斯群岛后略朝西北转向。8月7日，飓风猎人侦察机观测到倒圆锥形风眼，大头位于飞行高度层，接近地表的小头直径约15公里。侦察机还测得944[[巴|毫巴]]（[[帕斯卡|百帕]]，27.88[[英寸汞柱]]）的最低[[气压]]，这也是整场飓风的最低气压。根据上述观测数据，[[大西洋海洋学和气象学实验室]]下属[[飓风研究部]]估计气旋此时的[[最大持续风速]]达到每小时220公里，成为四级飓风。<ref name="meta" />气旋向西北推近，从[[巴哈马]]东北方向经过。随着风眼尺寸增大，康妮在[[上升流]]和冷空气的共同影响下逐渐减弱，强度在8月9日跌至低于大型飓风标准。风暴同东南方向正在发展的[[飓风黛安]]发生[[藤原效应]]，并在东北一侧逐渐成型的高压脊影响下放慢移动速度，此时的前进方向为西北偏西。8月10日，飓风在逼近美国东南沿海时转向北上。8月12日，气旋强度略有回升，达到风速每小时160公里的第二波高峰。[[协调世界时]]下午15点左右，康妮从北卡罗来纳州[[加特利县 (北卡罗莱纳州)|加特利县]][[梅肯堡州立公园]]（{{lang|en|Fort Macon State Park}}）附近[[登陆 (气象学)|登陆]]。<ref name="mwr"/><ref name="meta" />


风暴在行经卡罗来纳州东部期间减弱，逼近北卡罗来纳州和[[弗吉尼亚州]]边界附近的大西洋海岸。受[[伊利诺伊州]]上空上层低压槽增强及低气压区的共同影响，飓风穿过[[汉普顿锚地]]后回转朝西北偏北前进。8月13日，气旋强度在行经[[切萨皮克湾]]区域期间降至飓风标准以下，然后又转向西北，穿过[[宾夕法尼亚州]]西部进入[[伊利湖]]。接下来，康妮以热带风暴强度先后穿过[[安大略省]]西南部、[[休伦湖]]和[[密歇根州]]，然后逐渐消散，最终于8月15日被逼近的[[冷锋]]吸收。<ref name="meta" />
风暴在行经卡罗来纳州东部期间减弱，逼近北卡罗来纳州和[[弗吉尼亚州]]边界附近的大西洋海岸。受[[伊利诺伊州]]上空上层低压槽增强及低气压区的共同影响，飓风穿过[[汉普顿锚地]]后回转朝西北偏北前进。8月13日，气旋强度在行经[[切萨皮克湾]]区域期间降至飓风标准以下，然后又转向西北，穿过[[宾夕法尼亚州]]西部进入[[伊利湖]]。接下来，康妮以热带风暴强度先后穿过[[安大略省]]西南部、[[休伦湖]]和[[密歇根州]]，然后逐渐消散，最终于8月15日被逼近的[[冷锋]]吸收。<ref name="meta" />
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== 防灾措施 ==
== 防灾措施 ==
[[Image:Connie 1955 Puerto Rico rainfall.png|thumb|right|康妮在波多黎各产生的降水分布]]
[[Image:Connie 1955 Puerto Rico rainfall.png|thumb|right|康妮在波多黎各产生的降水分布]]
8月5日，飓风康妮的最强风力时速达到205公里，明显对加勒比东北部群岛构成威胁。[[国家气象局 (美国)|美国国家气象局]]向[[巴布达岛]]、[[萨巴]]和[[安地卡岛]]发布[[热带气旋警告|飓风警告]]，[[维尔京群岛]]和[[波多黎各]]先收到飓风预警，后转为警告<ref>{{cite news | newspaper = Free Lance-Star | agency = [[美联社|Associated Press]] | date = 1955-08-05 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | title = Hurricane Connie Nears Leeward Isles | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Jm0QAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3ooDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6320,4922942&dq=hurricane+connie&hl=en}}</ref>。面对风暴威胁，波多黎各北岸沿海约四万居民被迫从家中撤离<ref name="clima">{{cite book | page = 54 | title = Climatological Data: Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands | publisher = United States Weather Bureau | volume = 1 | number = 8 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | year = 1957 | location = Asheville, North Carolina | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=xRoIAAAAIAAJ&pg=PP64#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref>。气旋影响波多黎各后，[[多明尼加|多明尼加共和国]]北岸沿海地区收到风暴警告，巴哈马东部收到飓风警告<ref>{{cite news | agency = Associated Press | title = Puerto Rico Escapes Lash of Hurricane | date = 1955-08-06 | newspaper = Daytona Beach Morning-Herald | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=f4UfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=qswEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2644,785134&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en}}</ref>。
8月5日，飓风康妮的最强风力时速达到205公里，明显对加勒比东北部群岛构成威胁。[[国家气象局 (美国)|美国国家气象局]]向[[巴布达岛]]、[[萨巴]]和[[安地卡岛]]发布[[热带气旋警告|飓风警告]]，[[维尔京群岛]]和[[波多黎各]]先收到飓风预警，后转为警告<ref>{{cite news | newspaper = Free Lance-Star | agency = [[美联社|Associated Press]] | date = 1955-08-05 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | title = Hurricane Connie Nears Leeward Isles | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Jm0QAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3ooDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6320,4922942&dq=hurricane+connie&hl=en | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125055648/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Jm0QAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3ooDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6320%2C4922942&dq=hurricane+connie&hl=en | dead-url = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Jm0QAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3ooDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6320,4922942&dq=hurricane+connie&hl=en |date=20220125055648 }}</ref>。面对风暴威胁，波多黎各北岸沿海约四万居民被迫撤离<ref name="clima">{{cite book | page = 54 | title = Climatological Data: Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands | publisher = United States Weather Bureau | volume = 1 | number = 8 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | year = 1957 | location = Asheville, North Carolina | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=xRoIAAAAIAAJ&pg=PP64#v=onepage&q&f=false | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125061621/https://books.google.com/books?id=xRoIAAAAIAAJ&pg=PP64#v=onepage&q&f=false | dead-url = no }}</ref>。气旋影响波多黎各后，[[多明尼加|多明尼加共和国]]北岸沿海地区收到风暴警告，巴哈马东部收到飓风警告<ref>{{cite news | agency = Associated Press | title = Puerto Rico Escapes Lash of Hurricane | date = 1955-08-06 | newspaper = Daytona Beach Morning-Herald | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=f4UfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=qswEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2644,785134&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125055707/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=f4UfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=qswEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2644%2C785134&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | dead-url = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=f4UfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=qswEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2644,785134&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en |date=20220125055707 }}</ref>。


康妮在西大西洋徘徊期间一度在美国东南部近海缓慢移动，致使气象机构难以预测其动向<ref name="mwr" />。8月7日，北卡罗来纳州至弗吉尼亚州[[诺福克 (弗吉尼亚州)|诺福克]]间地区接获飓风警告，同时飓风预警生效范围向北延伸至纽约市<ref>{{cite news | title = Hurricane Connie on Her Way | agency = Associated Press | date = 1955-08-07 | newspaper = The Nevada Daily Mail | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=SUwrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=itQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4119,2248562&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en}}</ref>。气象机构此后将飓风警告生效范围扩展到[[特拉华防波堤]]（{{lang|en|Delaware Breakwater}}），风暴警告向东北延伸至[[马萨诸塞州]][[普罗威斯顿]]。北卡罗来纳州的警报共持续约三天之久，直至气旋进入内陆后中止。<ref name="ap812">{{cite news | title = Coastal, NC Hurricane Connie Strikes Coast, Aug 1955 | date = 1955-08-12 | newspaper = The Robesonian | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | at = GenDisasters.com | url = http://www.gendisasters.com/north-carolina/6383/coast-nc-hurricane-connie-strikes-coast-aug-1955 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20180417225310/http://www.gendisasters.com/north-carolina/6383/coast-nc-hurricane-connie-strikes-coast-aug-1955 | archivedate = 2018-04-17 | deadurl = no}}</ref>
康妮在西大西洋徘徊期间一度在美国东南部近海缓慢移动，致使气象机构难以预测其动向<ref name="mwr" />。8月7日，北卡罗来纳州至弗吉尼亚州[[诺福克 (弗吉尼亚州)|诺福克]]间地区接获飓风警告，同时飓风预警生效范围向北延伸至纽约市<ref>{{cite news | title = Hurricane Connie on Her Way | agency = Associated Press | date = 1955-08-07 | newspaper = The Nevada Daily Mail | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=SUwrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=itQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4119,2248562&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125061441/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=SUwrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=itQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4119%2C2248562&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | dead-url = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=SUwrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=itQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4119,2248562&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en |date=20220125061441 }}</ref>。气象机构此后将飓风警告生效范围扩展到[[特拉华防波堤]]（{{lang|en|Delaware Breakwater}}），风暴警告向东北延伸至[[马萨诸塞州]][[普罗威斯顿]]。北卡罗来纳州的警报共持续约三天之久，直至气旋进入内陆后中止。<ref name="ap812">{{cite news | title = Coastal, NC Hurricane Connie Strikes Coast, Aug 1955 | date = 1955-08-12 | newspaper = The Robesonian | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | at = GenDisasters.com | url = http://www.gendisasters.com/north-carolina/6383/coast-nc-hurricane-connie-strikes-coast-aug-1955 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20180417225310/http://www.gendisasters.com/north-carolina/6383/coast-nc-hurricane-connie-strikes-coast-aug-1955 | archivedate = 2018-04-17 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=http://www.gendisasters.com/north-carolina/6383/coast-nc-hurricane-connie-strikes-coast-aug-1955 |date=20180417225310 }}</ref>


美国军方在飓风来袭前把沿海军机转移到更安全的内陆<ref>{{cite news | agency = Associated Press | date = 1955-08-10 | title = Connie May Chase Planes and Curb Talbott Farewell | newspaper = The Milwaukee Journal}}</ref>。[[美国海军]]一架飞机在撤离时坠毁，机上两人死亡。大型海军舰艇前往海上躲避风暴，小型船只停在[[丹吉尔 (弗吉尼亚州)|丹吉尔]]。来自十余个国家的上百艘商船停泊在汉普顿锚地水域，小船则在码头固定。[[美国红十字会]]共开设至少79个避难所，并派出41名有飓风防灾救灾经验的工作人员。[[美国海岸警卫队]]命令四个沿海城镇的居民疏散，共计约有1.4万人从沿海地区撤离。<ref name="ap810">{{cite news | newspaper = The Robesonian | date = 1955-08-10 | title = Hurricane Idles 225 Miles SE Wilmington Pointing at N.C. | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4C9AAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-VgMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6250,2054350&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en}}</ref><ref name="ellen">{{cite news | newspaper = Ellensburg Daily Record | date = 1955-08-12 | title = Hurricane Loses Some Punch Raking Northward Along N. Carolina Coast | agency = Associated Press | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LBgsAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vsgEAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=1474%2C1233899 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170511041617/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LBgsAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vsgEAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=1474%2C1233899 | archivedate = 2017-05-11 | deadurl = no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The Boston Globe | title = Ships of Dozen Nations Huddled in Hampton Roads, Await Storm | agency = Associated Press | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | date = 1955-08-12 | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29924680/the-boston-globe/ | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190406050158/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29924680/the_boston_globe/ | archivedate = 2019-04-06 | deadurl = no}}</ref>北卡罗来纳州[[克雷文縣 (北卡羅萊納州)|克雷文县]][[新伯尔尼 (北卡罗来纳州)|新伯尔尼]]（{{lang|en|New Bern}}）约有两千人从洪灾易发区转移<ref name="ap812" />。面对飓风威胁，费城[[美國童軍|童军]][[自由理事会之摇篮]]（{{lang|en|Cradle of Liberty Council}}）将八百名童军成员转移<ref>{{cite news | agency = Associated Press | date = 1955-08-11 | title = Connie Speeds Closing of Boy Scout Camp | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | newspaper = The Reading Eagle | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=5839%2C3667692 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170511004403/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=5839%2C3667692 | archivedate = 2017-05-11 | deadurl = no}}</ref>。原计划乘飞机从[[蓋茨堡]]返回[[华盛顿哥伦比亚特区]]的美国总统[[德怀特·艾森豪威尔]]改为乘车<ref>{{cite news | agency = Associated Press | date = 1955-08-11 | title = Eisenhower Abandons Plane Trip Because of Hurricane | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | newspaper = The Reading Eagle | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=5839%2C3667692 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170511004403/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=5839%2C3667692 | archivedate = 2017-05-11 | deadurl = no}}</ref>。新泽西州北部有超过300人疏散<ref name="nj">{{cite news | title = Gale Winds and Rain Whipped By Connie Sweep New Jersey | newspaper = The Progress-Index | location = Petersburg, Virginia | archivedate = 2019-04-08 | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29923368/the-progress-index/ | date = 1955-08-13 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190408111002/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29923368/the_progressindex/}}</ref>。新泽西州和纽约多个海滩封闭，[[大洋城 (新泽西州)|大洋城]]（{{lang|en|Ocean City}}）的年度游行活动因风暴延迟。数十架进出[[纽约都会区|纽约地区]]的航班因天气恶劣取消，[[加拿大陆军]]的军事演习也加拿大也予中止。<ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The New York Times | date = 1955-08-12 | title = City Alert Ended as Connie Whirls Toward Carolina | author = Charles Grutzner | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | deadurl = no | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1955/08/12/archives/city-alert-ended-as-connie-whirls-toward-carolina-forward-winds-rip.html | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190308080735/https://www.nytimes.com/1955/08/12/archives/city-alert-ended-as-connie-whirls-toward-carolina-forward-winds-rip.html | archivedate = 2019-03-08}}{{subscription required | via = The New York Times}}</ref>
美国军方在飓风来袭前把沿海军机转移到更安全的内陆<ref>{{cite news | agency = Associated Press | date = 1955-08-10 | title = Connie May Chase Planes and Curb Talbott Farewell | newspaper = The Milwaukee Journal}}</ref>。[[美国海军]]一架飞机在撤离时坠毁，机上两人死亡。大型海军舰艇前往海上躲避风暴，小型船只停在[[丹吉尔 (弗吉尼亚州)|丹吉尔]]。来自十余个国家的上百艘商船停泊在汉普顿锚地水域，小船则在码头固定。[[美国红十字会]]共开设至少79个避难所，并派出41名有飓风防灾救灾经验的工作人员。[[美国海岸警卫队]]命令四个沿海城镇的居民疏散，共计约有1.4万人从沿海地区撤离。<ref name="ap810">{{cite news | newspaper = The Robesonian | date = 1955-08-10 | title = Hurricane Idles 225 Miles SE Wilmington Pointing at N.C. | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4C9AAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-VgMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6250,2054350&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125055731/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4C9AAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-VgMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6250%2C2054350&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | dead-url = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4C9AAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-VgMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6250,2054350&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en |date=20220125055731 }}</ref><ref name="ellen">{{cite news | newspaper = Ellensburg Daily Record | date = 1955-08-12 | title = Hurricane Loses Some Punch Raking Northward Along N. Carolina Coast | agency = Associated Press | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LBgsAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vsgEAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=1474%2C1233899 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170511041617/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LBgsAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vsgEAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=1474%2C1233899 | archivedate = 2017-05-11 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LBgsAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vsgEAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=1474%2C1233899 |date=20170511041617 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The Boston Globe | title = Ships of Dozen Nations Huddled in Hampton Roads, Await Storm | agency = Associated Press | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | date = 1955-08-12 | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29924680/the-boston-globe/ | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190406050158/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29924680/the_boston_globe/ | archivedate = 2019-04-06 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29924680/the-boston-globe/ |date=20190406050158 }}</ref>北卡罗来纳州[[克雷文縣 (北卡羅萊納州)|克雷文县]][[新伯尔尼 (北卡罗来纳州)|新伯尔尼]]（{{lang|en|New Bern}}）约有两千人从洪灾易发区转移<ref name="ap812" />。面对飓风威胁，费城[[美國童軍|童军]][[自由理事会之摇篮]]（{{lang|en|Cradle of Liberty Council}}）将八百名童军成员撤离<ref>{{cite news | agency = Associated Press | date = 1955-08-11 | title = Connie Speeds Closing of Boy Scout Camp | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | newspaper = The Reading Eagle | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=5839%2C3667692 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170511004403/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=5839%2C3667692 | archivedate = 2017-05-11 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=5839%2C3667692 |date=20170511004403 }}</ref>。原计划乘飞机从[[蓋茨堡]]返回[[华盛顿哥伦比亚特区]]的美国总统[[德怀特·艾森豪威尔]]改为乘车<ref>{{cite news | agency = [[美联社|Associated Press]] | date = 1955-08-11 | title = Eisenhower Abandons Plane Trip Because of Hurricane | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | newspaper = The Reading Eagle | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=5839%2C3667692 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170511004403/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=5839%2C3667692 | archivedate = 2017-05-11 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=5839%2C3667692 |date=20170511004403 }}</ref>。新泽西州北部有超过三百人疏散<ref name="nj">{{cite news | title = Gale Winds and Rain Whipped By Connie Sweep New Jersey | newspaper = The Progress-Index | location = Petersburg, Virginia | archivedate = 2019-04-08 | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29923368/the-progress-index/ | date = 1955-08-13 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190408111002/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29923368/the_progressindex/ }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29923368/the-progress-index/ |date=20190408111002 }}</ref>。新泽西州和纽约州多个海滩封闭，[[大洋城 (新泽西州)|大洋城]]（{{lang|en|Ocean City}}）的年度游行活动因风暴延迟。数十架进出[[纽约都会区|纽约地区]]的航班因天气恶劣取消，[[加拿大陆军]]的军事演习也予中止。<ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The New York Times | date = 1955-08-12 | title = City Alert Ended as Connie Whirls Toward Carolina | author = Charles Grutzner | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | deadurl = yes | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1955/08/12/archives/city-alert-ended-as-connie-whirls-toward-carolina-forward-winds-rip.html | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190308080735/https://www.nytimes.com/1955/08/12/archives/city-alert-ended-as-connie-whirls-toward-carolina-forward-winds-rip.html | archivedate = 2019-03-08 }}{{subscription required | via = The New York Times}}</ref>


== 影响 ==
== 影响 ==
第40行： 第48行：


=== 加勒比地区 ===
=== 加勒比地区 ===
经过小安的列斯群岛期间，气旋外围[[雨带]]在[[英属维尔京群岛]]的[[托尔托拉岛]]产生强烈阵风，时速高达166公里<ref name="clima" />，[[安圭拉]]测得每小时83公里的持续风速<ref name="meta" />。波多黎各和[[美属维尔京群岛]]的阵风时速为74公里，估计[[圣托马斯岛 (美属维尔京群岛)|圣托马斯岛]]的阵风更达每小时130公里<ref name="clima" />。加勒比地区东北部普降暴雨<ref name="mwr" />，波多黎各以[[白河 (波多黎各)|白河]]（{{lang|es|Río Blanco}}）下游雨量最高，达220毫米，其中191毫米是在24小时内降下<ref name="rain">{{cite web | author = David M. Roth | date = 2013-03-06 | title = Hurricane Connie – August 6–14, 1955 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | publisher = Weather Prediction Center | archivedate = 2019-12-19 | deadurl = no | url = https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/connie1955.html | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20191219024357/https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/connie1955.html}}</ref>。圣托马斯岛的[[夏洛特阿马利亚]]降水179毫米，岛上两人溺毙，还有一人在康妮经过期间触电身亡，此外，该岛还有部分棚屋和船只被毁。康妮产生的狂风巨浪共摧毁波多黎各60幢劣质房屋，还导致农作物和公共设施受损。<ref name="clima" />此外，巴哈马[[圣萨尔瓦多岛]]测得时速39公里大风<ref name="meta" />。
经过小安的列斯群岛期间，气旋外围[[雨带]]在[[英属维尔京群岛]]的[[托尔托拉岛]]产生强烈阵风，时速高达166公里<ref name="clima" />，[[安圭拉]]测得每小时83公里的持续风速<ref name="meta" />。波多黎各和[[美属维尔京群岛]]的阵风时速为74公里，估计[[圣托马斯岛 (美属维尔京群岛)|圣托马斯岛]]的阵风更达每小时130公里<ref name="clima" />。加勒比地区东北部普降暴雨<ref name="mwr" />，波多黎各以[[白河 (波多黎各)|白河]]（{{lang|es|Río Blanco}}）下游雨量最高，达220毫米，其中191毫米是在24小时内降下<ref name="rain">{{cite web | author = David M. Roth | date = 2013-03-06 | title = Hurricane Connie – August 6–14, 1955 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | publisher = Weather Prediction Center | archivedate = 2019-12-19 | deadurl = no | url = https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/connie1955.html | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20191219024357/https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/connie1955.html }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/connie1955.html |date=20191219024357 }}</ref>。圣托马斯岛的[[夏洛特阿马利亚]]降水179毫米，岛上两人溺毙，还有一人在康妮经过期间触电身亡，此外，该岛还有部分棚屋和船只被毁。康妮产生的狂风巨浪共摧毁波多黎各60幢劣质房屋，还导致农作物和公共设施受损。<ref name="clima" />另外，巴哈马[[圣萨尔瓦多岛]]测得时速39公里大风<ref name="meta" />。


=== 美国和加拿大 ===
=== 美国和加拿大 ===
[[Image:Connie 1955 rainfall.png|thumb|right|康妮在美国的降水分布]]
[[Image:Connie 1955 rainfall.png|thumb|right|康妮在美国的降水分布]]
气旋在北卡罗来纳州和弗吉尼亚州产生飓风强度狂风<ref name="meta" />。飓风来袭前，美国东北部许多地区正处干旱，康妮带来的空气异常潮湿，致使气温和水温都高于正常水平，美国东部因此普降暴雨。风暴产生的降水范围从南卡罗来纳州向东延伸至缅因州，西侧更远至密歇根州。费城和纽约降雨量创下新纪录，纽约[[舒勒堡]]降下336毫米雨量，是整场飓风降雨最多的地点。康妮过去仅四天后，飓风黛安又在同一区域产生大量降水，共同引发大面积洪灾。<ref name="aug">{{cite journal | author = Jerome Namias | author2 = Carlos R. Dunn | journal = United States Weather Bureau; Monthly Weather Review | title = The Weather and Circulation of August 1955 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | date = 1955-08 | format = PDF | url = ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/mwr/083/mwr-083-08-0163.pdf}}</ref><ref name="ap814">{{cite news | agency = Associated Press | date = 1955-08-14 | title = Hurricane Connie Now Medium-Sized | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | newspaper = Lewiston Morning-Tribune | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=GbdeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=aTAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=5084,1260913&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en}}</ref><ref name="rain" />风暴的西侧边缘雨带催生出六个[[龙卷风]]，其中五个位于南卡罗来纳州，一个在北卡罗来纳州<ref name="mwr" />。整场飓风共在美国造成价值8606.5万美元损失，其中大部分发生在北卡罗来纳州、弗吉尼亚州和马里兰州<ref>{{cite news | author = E.V.W. Jones | date = 1956-02-05 | title = 1955 Broke All Records for Hurricane Damage | newspaper = Meriden Record | accessdate = 2019-03-09 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=9aBHAAAAIBAJ&sjid=kf4MAAAAIBAJ&pg=952,3389849&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en}}</ref>。
气旋在北卡罗来纳州和弗吉尼亚州产生飓风强度狂风<ref name="meta" />。飓风来袭前，美国东北部许多地区正处干旱，康妮带来的空气异常潮湿，致使气温和水温都高于正常水平，美国东部因此普降暴雨。风暴产生的降水范围从南卡罗来纳州向东延伸至缅因州，西侧更远至密歇根州。费城和纽约降雨量创下新纪录，纽约[[舒勒堡]]降下336毫米雨量，是整场飓风降水最多的地点。康妮过去仅四天后，飓风黛安又在同一区域产生大量降水，引发大面积洪灾。<ref name="aug">{{cite journal | author = Jerome Namias | author2 = Carlos R. Dunn | journal = United States Weather Bureau; Monthly Weather Review | title = The Weather and Circulation of August 1955 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | date = 1955-08 | format = PDF | url = ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/mwr/083/mwr-083-08-0163.pdf }}{{Dead link}}</ref><ref name="ap814">{{cite news | agency = Associated Press | date = 1955-08-14 | title = Hurricane Connie Now Medium-Sized | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | newspaper = Lewiston Morning-Tribune | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=GbdeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=aTAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=5084,1260913&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125061422/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=GbdeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=aTAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=5084%2C1260913&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | dead-url = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=GbdeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=aTAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=5084,1260913&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en |date=20220125061422 }}</ref><ref name="rain" />风暴西侧边缘雨带催生出六个[[龙卷风]]，其中五个位于南卡罗来纳州，一个在北卡罗来纳州<ref name="mwr" />。整场飓风共在美国造成价值8606.5万美元损失，其中大部分发生在北卡罗来纳州、弗吉尼亚州和马里兰州<ref>{{cite news | author = E.V.W. Jones | date = 1956-02-05 | title = 1955 Broke All Records for Hurricane Damage | newspaper = Meriden Record | accessdate = 2019-03-09 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=9aBHAAAAIBAJ&sjid=kf4MAAAAIBAJ&pg=952,3389849&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125055841/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=9aBHAAAAIBAJ&sjid=kf4MAAAAIBAJ&pg=952%2C3389849&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | dead-url = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=9aBHAAAAIBAJ&sjid=kf4MAAAAIBAJ&pg=952,3389849&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en |date=20220125055841 }}</ref>。

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袭击北卡罗来纳州期间，气旋在[[加特利县 (北卡罗莱纳州)|加特利县]][[莫尔黑德市 (北卡罗莱纳州)|莫尔黑德市]]（{{lang|en|Morehead City}}）产生每小时116公里的持续风速，阵风时速134公里。风暴登陆点附近阵风时速达160公里，但此数据究竟是估计还是测量值至今尚无定论。<ref name="mwr" />位于近海的[[煎锅浅滩]]（{{lang|en|Frying Pan Shoals}}）测得每小时148公里阵风<ref name="reading">{{cite news | newspaper = The Reading Eagle | date = 1955-08-11 | title = Hurricane Connie Is Losing Punch; Carolina Area Pounded | agency = Associated Press | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5270,3965069&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125055847/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5270%2C3965069&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | dead-url = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5270,3965069&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en |date=20220125055847 }}</ref>。康妮缓慢向内陆进发期间产生高达2.4米的风暴潮，致使海滩严重侵蚀<ref name="mwr" />。[[昂斯洛县 (北卡罗莱纳州)|昂斯洛县]]小镇[[斯旺斯伯勒 (北卡罗莱纳州)|斯旺斯伯勒]]（{{lang|en|Swansboro}}）的风暴潮比1954年10月[[飓风黑兹尔]]来袭期间还高<ref name="reading" />，许多黑兹尔过去后重建的码头又因这场风暴受损或被毁<ref name="ap812" />。风暴潮令[[威尔明顿 (北卡罗来纳州)|威尔明顿]]的低洼地区洪水泛滥<ref name="longshore" />，[[外滩群岛]]多条沿海公路在康妮抵达前就被大浪淹没<ref name="ap810" />。气旋登陆点西侧的降雨量超过250毫米<ref name="rain" />。远至[[罗利 (北卡罗来纳州)|罗利]]这样的内陆城市都有河流泛滥，但程度不及沿海地区<ref name="geo">{{cite book | pages = 15, 27 | title = Floods of August–October 1955: New England to North Carolina | location = Washington, D.C. | publisher = United States Geological Survey | year = 1960 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=wNAPAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q&f=false | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125055850/https://books.google.com/books?id=wNAPAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q&f=false | dead-url = no }}</ref>。风暴期间，[[北卡罗来纳州国民警卫队]]受命前往[[博福特县 (北卡罗莱纳州)|博福特县]]小镇[[华盛顿 (北卡罗来纳州)|华盛顿]]（{{lang|en|Washington}}），协助[[帕姆利科河]]（{{lang|en|Pamlico River}}）沿线约一千人疏散<ref name="ap812" />。受外围雨带影响，北卡罗来纳州沿海多条输电线路中断<ref name="reading" />。大量降水引发洪灾威胁，[[17号美国国道]]位于新伯尔尼附近路段为此封闭<ref name="ap812" />。整个北卡罗来纳州的经济损失约为四千万美元，至少四分之三是农作物损失<ref name="mwr" />。全州共27人遇难，死因包括交通事故、建筑损毁、触电和溺亡。<ref name="longshore" />。

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康妮登陆期间，南卡罗来纳州位于飓风中心以南，[[默特尔比奇 (南卡罗来纳州)|默特尔比奇]]有四十幢建筑被毁<ref name="longshore">{{cite book | page = 105 | title = Encyclopedia of Hurricanes, Typhoons, and Cyclones, New Edition | author = David Longshore | year = 2008 | publisher = Facts on File, Inc | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8kXwskQHBLoC&pg=PA105#v=onepage&q&f=false | isbn = 9781438118796 | archive-date = 2022-01-20 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220120015100/https://books.google.com/books?id=8kXwskQHBLoC&pg=PA105#v=onepage&q&f=false | dead-url = no }}</ref>。气旋令多地渔业码头、[[防波堤]]和部分住房的屋顶受损，媒体报导称同前一年的飓风黑兹尔相比，这场风暴的影响尚算“温和”<ref>{{cite news | title = 'Connie' Damage In S.C. Not To Be Estimated Yet | agency = Associated Press | newspaper = The Greenville News | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926187/the-greenville-news/ | date = 1955-08-13 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190406050155/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926187/the_greenville_news/ | archivedate = 2019-04-06 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926187/the-greenville-news/ |date=20190406050155 }}</ref>。康妮逐渐北上并继续降下暴雨，切萨皮克湾位于宾夕法尼亚州和纽约州东南部海岸均测得超过250毫米雨量<ref name="rain" />。弗吉尼亚州[[里士满 (弗吉尼亚州)|里士满]]8月12日降下233毫米雨水，刷新日降雨量纪录<ref name="free">{{cite news | newspaper = The Free Lance-Star | title = Connie's Heavy Rains Do Moderate Damage | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | date = 1955-08-13 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=FN5LAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3ooDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3485,4240163&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125055918/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=FN5LAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3ooDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3485%2C4240163&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en | dead-url = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=FN5LAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3ooDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3485,4240163&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en |date=20220125055918 }}</ref>。从沿海地区到深入内陆的里士满，该州多条河流泛滥成灾<ref name="geo" />。洪水将[[里士满，弗雷德里克斯堡和波托马克铁路]]位于[[兰开斯特县 (维吉尼亚州)|兰开斯特县]]兰克福德（{{lang|en|Lankford}}）附近路段冲毁，还把包括[[1号美国国道]]和[[301号美国国道]]位于该州境内部分路段在内的五条区域公路淹没。飓风刮倒树木，州内至少有5000人失去供电。<ref name="free" /><ref name="tsg" />弗吉尼亚州有十条河的水位创下历史新高，相邻的马里兰州则有十六条<ref name="geo" />。哥伦比亚特区因道路湿滑引发上百起交通事故，其中一辆汽车与其他车辆刮擦后冲进暴涨的溪流，车上四人溺毙<ref name="tsg">{{Cite news | newspaper = Star-Gazette | location = Elmyra, New York | date = 1955-08-14 | title = North Carolina Hardest Hit by Hurricane Connie's Fury | page = 43 | agency = Associated Press | deadurl = no | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927825/star-gazette/ | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190406050159/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927825/stargazette/ | archivedate = 2019-04-06 }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927825/star-gazette/ |date=20190406050159 }}</ref><ref name="TVA1">{{cite news | date = 1955-08-13 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | newspaper = The Victoria Advocate | agency = United Press | title = Vacationers Caught As Gales Spread Out | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=VSwPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=XYUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6640,2016629&dq=hurricane+connie&hl=en | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125055930/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=VSwPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=XYUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6640%2C2016629&dq=hurricane+connie&hl=en | dead-url = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=VSwPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=XYUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6640,2016629&dq=hurricane+connie&hl=en |date=20220125055930 }}</ref>。

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切萨皮克湾狂风巨浪肆虐，长38米的“列文·马威尔号”（{{lang|en|Levin J. Marvel}}）沉没<ref name="longshore" />。这艘已有64年船龄的[[双桅纵帆船]]从马里兰州[[安纳波利斯]]出发时据称已“不适合航行”，最终在该州[[安妮阿伦德尔县]]费尔黑文（{{lang|en|Fairhaven}}）附近倾覆，23名乘客和四名船员中有十四人溺毙，其他人困在残骸上漂流一段时间后获救，据《[[巴尔的摩太阳报]]》报道，这在马里兰州历史上也是非常严重的一次海上灾难<ref name="levin">{{cite news | author = Frederick N. Rasmussen | newspaper = The Baltimore Sun | date = 2004-04-24 | title = Ship was a tragedy waiting to happen | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2004-04-24-0404240093-story.html | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190307053935/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2004-04-24-0404240093-story.html | archivedate = 2019-03-07 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2004-04-24-0404240093-story.html |date=20190307053935 }}</ref>。

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特拉华州此前旱情严重，幸获康妮带来的降水缓解<ref name="mc">{{cite news | title = Connie's Visit to Valley Evaluated as Beneficial; Cleanup Near Complete | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928519/the-morning-call/ | date = 1955-08-14 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | newspaper = The Morning Call | location = Allentown, Pennsylvania | archivedate = 2019-04-08 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190408111009/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928519/the_morning_call/ | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928519/the-morning-call/ |date=20190408111009 }}</ref><ref name="nws">{{cite book | pages = 225, 419 | title = National Weather Summary – Hydrologic Events and Floods and Droughts | year = 1991 | publisher = United States Geological Survey | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=CFlz5TNtUpMC&pg=PA329#v=onepage&q&f=false | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125064254/https://books.google.com/books?id=CFlz5TNtUpMC&pg=PA329#v=onepage&q&f=false | dead-url = no }}</ref>。[[威尔明顿机场]]一控制塔测得时速97公里阵风，是该州阵风最强的地点<ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The News Journal | date = 1955-08-13 | location = Wilmington, Delaware | title = One Cottage is Smashed; Power Cut | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926486/the-news-journal/ | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190413013955/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926486/the_news_journal/ | archivedate = 2019-04-13 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926486/the-news-journal/ |date=20190413013955 }}</ref>。气旋在[[贝瑟尼滩]]催生出[[海龙卷风]]，导致数十幢民宅的屋顶被掀并停电六小时，另有一名少年被风刮飞至18米外并受轻伤<ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The News Journal | date = 1955-08-13 | location = Wilmington, Delaware | title = Swirls into Penna.; Passes Wilmington 75 Miles to West | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926587/the-news-journal/ | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190408110959/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926587/the_news_journal/ | archivedate = 2019-04-08 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926587/the-news-journal/ |date=20190408110959 }}</ref>。降雨引发[[地表迳流|山洪]]，但当地此前正逢干旱，所以[[美国地质调查局]]认为水情“无关紧要”<ref name="nws" />。康妮在新泽西州夺走六条人命，其中一人淹死，一人触电身亡，另外四人均死于交通意外。狂风暴雨令树木倒塌、电缆中断，约十八万人家中停电，两万人无法使用电话，[[卑尔根县]]几乎所有警察、消防员和五百余名电工加入抢修。面对附近三条泛滥成灾的河流，[[萨默塞特县 (新泽西州)|萨默塞特县]][[曼维尔 (新泽西州)|曼维尔]]（{{lang|en|Manville}}）进入紧急状态并持续19.5小时。[[特纳夫莱]]一名修女因停电被困电梯，需要外界救援。[[肯顿 (新泽西州)|肯顿]]附近包括[[30号美国国道]]在内的多条公路因水淹封闭，造成交通阻塞。<ref name="nj" /><ref name="nj815">{{cite news | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29923600/the-record/ | title = Bergen Still Mopping Up In Hurricane Aftermath | newspaper = Bergen Evening Record | date = 1955-08-15 | location = Hackensack, New Jersey | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190413014003/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29923600/the_record/ | archivedate = 2019-04-13 }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29923600/the-record/ |date=20190413014003 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title = Somerset Battered, Soaked By Connie, Still Drying Out | accessdate = April 3, 2019 | date = 1955-08-15 | newspaper = The Central New Jersey Home News | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29925702/the-central-new-jersey-home-news/ | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190406050201/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29925702/the_central_new_jersey_home_news/ | archivedate = 2019-04-06 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29925702/the-central-new-jersey-home-news/ |date=20190406050201 }}</ref><ref name="inq">{{cite news | title = Connie Blows Out in Central Penna.; Floods Block Phila. Area Traffic | newspaper = The Philadelphia Inquirer | date = 1955-08-14 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928884/the-philadelphia-inquirer/ | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190408111649/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928884/the_philadelphia_inquirer/ | archivedate = 2019-04-08 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928884/the-philadelphia-inquirer/ |date=20190408111649 }}</ref>相邻的宾夕法尼亚州同样有六人丧生，其中两人所乘的汽车被洪水卷走，另外四人均死于交通意外。该州东南部降雨量达230毫米，费城在24小时内降水123毫米，创来57年来新高。洪水超出下水道及小河的承受范围，致使道路封闭，许多民居的地下室进水，数以百计的居民被迫转移。<ref name="ap814" /><ref name="ben">{{cite book | pages = 204, 235 | author = Ben Gelber | title = The Pennsylvania Weather Book | year = 2002 | isbn = 9780813530567}}</ref><ref name="inq" />持续三天降水令[[理海谷]]（{{lang|en|Lehigh Valley}}）多条河流水位上涨<ref name="mc" />。宾夕法尼亚州约有一万人家中停电，但很快便已恢复<ref name="mc" />。[[伯利恒 (宾夕法尼亚州)|伯利恒]]海伦娜营（{{lang|en|Camp Helena}}）附近溪流暴涨，[[美国海军陆战队]]将营地中63名[[美国女童军|女童军]]转移<ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The Morning Call | location = Allentown, Pennsylvania | date = 1955-08-14 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | deadurl = no | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928575/the-morning-call/ | title = Storm Threat Closes Camp for 63 Scouts | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190408111006/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928575/the_morning_call/ | archivedate = 2019-04-08 }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928575/the-morning-call/ |date=20190408111006 }}</ref>。[[达比河 (宾夕法尼亚州)|达比河]]（{{lang|en|Darby Creek}}）水位升高，一名男童需外界救援<ref name="inq2">{{cite news | title = Heaviest Rain in 57 Yrs. Hits City | newspaper = The Philadelphia Inquirer | date = 1955-08-14 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | archivedate = 2019-04-07 | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190407091206/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928933/the_philadelphia_inquirer/ | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928933/the-philadelphia-inquirer/ }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928933/the-philadelphia-inquirer/ |date=20190407091206 }}</ref>。


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纽约东南部暴雨倾盆，超过250毫米的降水导致重大破坏，[[纽约都会区]]十一人遇难，[[纽约上州]]也有三人死亡<ref name="rain" /><ref name="nws" /><ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The Star-Gazette | date = 1955-08-14 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927517/star-gazette/ | location = Elmyra, New York | title = Heavy Rains, Winds Hit State | agency = Associated Press | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190408111000/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927517/stargazette/ | archivedate = 2019-04-08 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927517/star-gazette/ |date=20190408111000 }}</ref><ref name="ith">{{cite news | newspaper = The Ithaca Journal | date = 1955-08-14 | title = Connie Claims Lives of 14 in State | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927645/the-ithaca-journal/ | agency = Associated Press | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190407090634/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927645/the_ithaca_journal/ | archivedate = 2019-04-07 }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927645/the-ithaca-journal/ |date=20190407090634 }}</ref>。纽约市20小时就降水135毫米，创下半个多世纪来的新纪录<ref name="TVA1" />，市内大面积地区被淹，地铁和成千上万的房屋进水，全市受停电影响的居民超过十万<ref name="nyc" />，狂风和高涨的潮水还迫使轮渡暂停<ref name="nyc">{{cite news | newspaper = The Times Daily | date = 1955-08-13 | agency = Associated Press | title = New York Wallows in Heavy Rains | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LBgsAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vsgEAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=1474%2C1233899 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170511041617/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LBgsAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vsgEAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=1474%2C1233899 | archivedate = 2017-05-11 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LBgsAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vsgEAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=1474%2C1233899 |date=20170511041617 }}</ref>，[[拉瓜地亚机场]]也因积水达0.3米被迫临时关闭<ref name="longshore" /><ref name="ap814" />。洪水将[[德拉华和哈德逊铁路]]位于[[海德堡断崖]]附近路段冲毁，导致两辆火车脱轨，幸而没有人员伤亡<ref name="ith" />。[[门罗县 (纽约州)|门罗县]]和[[韦恩县 (纽约州)|韦恩县]]部分桃树和苹果树因风暴受损<ref>{{cite news | newspaper = Democrat and Chronicle | location = Rochester, New York | date = 1955-08-14 | title = Steady Rain, Winds Hurt Fruit Crop, Fell Trees, Wires | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927941/democrat-and-chronicle/ | access-date = 2020-04-14 | archivedate = 2019-04-06 | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190406050147/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927941/democrat_and_chronicle/ }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927941/democrat-and-chronicle/ |date=20190406050147 }}</ref>，降水还导致[[希南戈县]]正在举办的博览会提前关闭<ref>{{cite news | title = Connie-Incited Rains Wash Out Closing Events of Chenango Fair | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928218/press-and-sun-bulletin/ | date = 1955-08-14 | newspaper = The Sunday Press | location = Binghamton, New York | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125060129/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928218/press-and-sun-bulletin/ | dead-url = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928218/press-and-sun-bulletin/ |date=20220125060129 }}</ref>。康涅狄格州沿海地区多条河流因康妮产生的降水上涨，但该州受到的影响很小<ref name="geo" />。
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袭击北卡罗来纳州期间，气旋在[[加特利县 (北卡罗莱纳州)|加特利县]][[莫尔黑德市 (北卡罗莱纳州)|莫尔黑德市]]（{{lang|en|Morehead City}}）产生每小时116公里的持续风速，阵风时速134公里。风暴登陆点附近阵风时速达160公里，但此数据究竟是估计还是测量值至今尚无定论。<ref name="mwr" />位于近海的[[煎锅浅滩]]（{{lang|en|Frying Pan Shoals}}）测得每小时148公里阵风<ref name="reading">{{cite news | newspaper = The Reading Eagle | date = 1955-08-11 | title = Hurricane Connie Is Losing Punch; Carolina Area Pounded | agency = Associated Press | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QA0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=v5oFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5270,3965069&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en}}</ref>。康妮缓慢向内陆进发期间产生高达2.4米的风暴潮，致使海滩严重侵蚀<ref name="mwr" />。[[昂斯洛县 (北卡罗莱纳州)|昂斯洛县]]小镇[[斯旺斯伯勒 (北卡罗莱纳州)|斯旺斯伯勒]]（{{lang|en|Swansboro}}）的风暴潮比1954年10月[[1954年飓风黑兹尔|飓风黑兹尔]]来袭期间还高<ref name="reading" />，许多黑兹尔过去后重建的码头又因这场风暴受损或被毁<ref name="ap812" />。风暴潮令[[威尔明顿 (北卡罗来纳州)|威尔明顿]]的低洼地区洪水泛滥<ref name="longshore" />，[[外滩群岛]]多条沿海公路在康妮抵达前就被大浪淹没<ref name="ap810" />。气旋登陆点西侧的降雨量超过250毫米<ref name="rain" />。远至[[罗利 (北卡罗来纳州)|罗利]]这样的内陆城市都有河流泛滥，但程度不及沿海地区<ref name="geo">{{cite book | pages = 15, 27 | title = Floods of August–October 1955: New England to North Carolina | location = Washington, D.C. | publisher = United States Geological Survey | year = 1960 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=wNAPAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref>。风暴期间，[[北卡罗来纳州国民警卫队]]受命前往[[博福特县 (北卡罗莱纳州)|博福特县]]小镇[[华盛顿 (北卡罗来纳州)|华盛顿]]（{{lang|en|Washington}}），协助[[帕姆利科河]]（{{lang|en|Pamlico River}}）沿线约一千人疏散<ref name="ap812" />。受外围雨带影响，北卡罗来纳州沿海多条输电线路中断<ref name="reading" />。大量降水引发洪灾威胁，[[17号美国国道]]位于新伯尔尼附近路段为此封闭<ref name="ap812" />。整个北卡罗来纳州的经济损失约为四千万美元，至少四分之三是农作物损失<ref name="mwr" />。全州共27人遇难，死因包括交通事故、建筑损伤、触电和溺亡。<ref name="longshore" />。


8月14日，气旋残留进入安大略上空并继续产生时速75公里大风，五大湖附近地区仍有65毫米降水。[[伯灵顿 (安大略省)|伯灵顿]]27艘船被毁，一名男子因船在[[伊利湖]]沉没遇溺，安大略另外还有两人溺亡。康妮产生的大浪摧毁六幢房屋，另有多户受损。风暴还造成部分地区停电，烟草作物受损。<ref>{{cite report | publisher = Environment Canada | date = 2009-11-09 | title = 1955-Connie | accessdate = 2018-11-18 | deadurl = yes | url = http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=26DD1969-1 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20181118082727/http://www.ec.gc.ca/hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=26DD1969-1 | archivedate = 2018-11-18 }} {{Wayback|url=http://www.ec.gc.ca/Hurricane/default.asp?lang=En&n=26DD1969-1 |date=20181118082727 }}</ref>此外，风暴在美国境内行进的最后一段时间还在密歇根州休伦湖畔产生时速105公里的强烈阵风，引起的大浪致使多艘小船倾覆或受损，该州遭受的经济损失约为十五万美元<ref>{{cite book | pages = 116 | author = Lucius W. Dye | title = Climatological Data: Michigan | date = 1955-08 | volume = 70 | number = 8 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=sjUqAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA198#v=onepage&q&f=false | archive-date = 2022-01-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220125060135/https://books.google.com/books?id=sjUqAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA198#v=onepage&q&f=false | dead-url = no }}</ref>。
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康妮登陆期间，南卡罗来纳州位于飓风中心以南，[[默特尔比奇 (南卡罗来纳州)|默特尔比奇]]有四十幢建筑被毁<ref name="longshore">{{cite book | page = 105 | title = Encyclopedia of Hurricanes, Typhoons, and Cyclones, New Edition | author = David Longshore | year = 2008 | publisher = Facts on File, Inc | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8kXwskQHBLoC&pg=PA105#v=onepage&q&f=false | isbn = 9781438118796}}</ref>。气旋令多地渔业码头、[[防波堤]]和部分住房的屋顶受损，媒体报导称同前一年的飓风黑兹尔相比，这场风暴的影响尚算“温和”<ref>{{cite news | title = 'Connie' Damage In S.C. Not To Be Estimated Yet | agency = Associated Press | newspaper = The Greenville News | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926187/the-greenville-news/ | date = 1955-08-13 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190406050155/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926187/the_greenville_news/ | archivedate = 2019-04-06 | deadurl = no}}</ref>。康妮逐渐北上并继续降下暴雨，切萨皮克湾位于宾夕法尼亚州和纽约州东南部海岸均测得超过250毫米雨量<ref name="rain" />。弗吉尼亚州[[里士满 (弗吉尼亚州)|里士满]]8月12日降下233毫米雨水，刷新日降雨量纪录<ref name="free">{{cite news | newspaper = The Free Lance-Star | title = Connie's Heavy Rains Do Moderate Damage | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | date = 1955-08-13 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=FN5LAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3ooDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3485,4240163&dq=connie+hurricane&hl=en}}</ref>。从沿海地区到深入内陆的里士满，该州多条河流泛滥成灾<ref name="geo" />。洪水将[[里士满，弗雷德里克斯堡和波托马克铁路]]位于[[兰开斯特县 (维吉尼亚州)|兰开斯特县]]兰克福德（{{lang|en|Lankford}}）附近路段冲毁，还把包括[[1号美国国道]]和[[301号美国国道]]位于该州境内部分路段在内的五条区域公路淹没。飓风刮倒树木，州内至少有5000人失去供电。<ref name="free" /><ref name="tsg" />弗吉尼亚州有十条河的水位创下历史新高，相邻的马里兰州则有十六条<ref name="geo" />。哥伦比亚特区因道路湿滑引发上百起交通事故，其中一起汽车与其他车辆刮擦后冲进暴涨的溪流，车上四人溺毙<ref name="tsg">{{Cite news | newspaper = Star-Gazette | location = Elmyra, New York | date = 1955-08-14 | title = North Carolina Hardest Hit by Hurricane Connie's Fury | page = 43 | agency = Associated Press | deadurl = no | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927825/star-gazette/ | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190406050159/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927825/stargazette/ | archivedate = 2019-04-06}}</ref><ref name="TVA1">{{cite news | date = 1955-08-13 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | newspaper = The Victoria Advocate | agency = United Press | title = Vacationers Caught As Gales Spread Out | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=VSwPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=XYUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6640,2016629&dq=hurricane+connie&hl=en}}</ref>。


== 善后 ==
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切萨皮克湾狂风巨浪肆虐，长38米的“列文·马威尔号”（{{lang|en|Levin J. Marvel}}）沉没<ref name="longshore" />。这艘已有64年船龄的[[双桅纵帆船]]从马里兰州[[安纳波利斯]]出发时据称已“不适合航行”，最终在该州[[安妮阿伦德尔县]]费尔黑文（{{lang|en|Fairhaven}}）附近倾覆，23名乘客和四名船员中有14人溺毙，其他人困在残骸上漂流一段时间后获救，据《[[巴尔的摩太阳报]]》报道，这在马里兰州历史上也是非常严重的一次海上灾难<ref name="levin">{{cite news | author = Frederick N. Rasmussen | newspaper = The Baltimore Sun | date = 2004-04-24 | title = Ship was a tragedy waiting to happen | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2004-04-24-0404240093-story.html | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190307053935/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2004-04-24-0404240093-story.html | archivedate = 2019-03-07 | deadurl = no}}</ref>。
[[File:Hurricane Connie 1955.ogg|frame|right|飓风康妮袭击北卡罗来纳州的新闻片段]]
飓风康妮引发的洪灾未能马上引起媒体高度关注，但正是因为这场飓风的大量降水，美国东北部数天后因其他风暴引发的洪灾才变得极其严重<ref name="geo" />。康妮过境仅五天后，飓风黛安吹袭北卡罗来纳州<ref name="mwr" />，不过此后没有像前一场风暴一样转向西北，而是朝东北移动。黛安在大片含水饱和的地区降下暴雨引发严重洪灾，损失数额至少达七亿美元，<ref name="mwr" />六个州经宣告成为联邦灾区，以便灾民获得联邦援助<ref name="natural disasters">{{cite book | page = 282 | title = Natural Disasters | chapter = Hurricanes | author = Lee Davis | publisher = Facts on File Science Library | year = 2008 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=CRzMOYIuLJEC&pg=PA247#v=onepage&q&f=false | archive-date = 2021-05-23 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210523090414/https://books.google.com/books?id=CRzMOYIuLJEC&pg=PA247#v=onepage&q&f=false | dead-url = no }}</ref>。康妮过境后，美国[[小型企业管理局]]向受灾民众和企业提供低息贷款<ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The Morning News | date = 1955-08-13 | title = U.S. to Grant Loans for Connie Damage | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926358/the-morning-news/ | location = Wilmington, Delaware | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190407090638/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926358/the_morning_news/ | archivedate = 2019-04-07 | deadurl = no }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926358/the-morning-news/ |date=20190407090638 }}</ref>。


“列文·马威尔号”海难促使[[美国国会]]于1956年通过法律，授权海岸警卫队检查所有超过六名乘客的船只，此前法律只允许警卫队检查[[排水量]]在700吨以上船只，而“列文·马威尔号”只有183吨。失事船长因经验不足受到玩忽职守和过失杀人罪起诉，案件在位于巴尔的摩的[[美国马里兰联邦地区法院|马里兰联邦地区法院]]审理。如果罪名全部成立，被告需服刑十一年，但法官[[罗伯特·多西·沃特金斯]]（{{lang|en|Robert Dorsey Watkins}}）裁决过失杀人罪不成立，最终当事人因玩忽职守罪被判一年缓刑。<ref name="levin" />
⚫
特拉华州此前旱情严重，幸获康妮带来的降水缓解<ref name="mc">{{cite news | title = Connie's Visit to Valley Evaluated as Beneficial; Cleanup Near Complete | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928519/the-morning-call/ | date = 1955-08-14 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | newspaper = The Morning Call | location = Allentown, Pennsylvania | archivedate = 2019-04-08 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190408111009/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928519/the_morning_call/ | deadurl = no}}</ref><ref name="nws">{{cite book | pages = 225, 419 | title = National Weather Summary – Hydrologic Events and Floods and Droughts | year = 1991 | publisher = United States Geological Survey | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=CFlz5TNtUpMC&pg=PA329#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref>。[[威尔明顿机场]]一控制塔测得时速97公里阵风，是特拉华州所测阵风最强的地点<ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The News Journal | date = 1955-08-13 | location = Wilmington, Delaware | title = One Cottage is Smashed; Power Cut | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926486/the-news-journal/ | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190413013955/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926486/the_news_journal/ | archivedate = 2019-04-13 | deadurl = no}}</ref>。气旋在[[贝瑟尼滩]]催生出[[海龙卷风]]，导致数十幢民宅的屋顶被掀并停电六小时，另有一名少年被风刮飞至18米外并受轻伤<ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The News Journal | date = 1955-08-13 | location = Wilmington, Delaware | title = Swirls into Penna.; Passes Wilmington 75 Miles to West | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926587/the-news-journal/ | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190408110959/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29926587/the_news_journal/ | archivedate = 2019-04-08 | deadurl = no}}</ref>。降雨引发[[地表迳流|山洪]]，但当地此前正逢干旱，所以[[美国地质调查局]]认为水情“无关紧要”<ref name="nws" />。康妮在新泽西州夺走六条人命，其中一人淹死，一人触电身亡，另外四人均死于交通意外。狂风暴雨令树木倒塌、电缆中断，约18万人家中停电，两万人无法使用电话，[[卑尔根县]]超过五百名电工和几乎所有警察、消防员加入抢修。面对附近三条泛滥成灾的河流，[[萨默塞特县 (新泽西州)|萨默塞特县]][[曼维尔 (新泽西州)|曼维尔]]（{{lang|en|Manville}}）进入紧急状态并持续19.5小时。[[特纳夫莱]]一名修女因停电被困电梯，需要外界救援。[[肯顿 (新泽西州)|肯顿]]附近包括[[30号美国国道]]在内的多条公路因水淹封闭，造成交通阻塞。<ref name="nj" /><ref name="nj815">{{cite news | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29923600/the-record/ | title = Bergen Still Mopping Up In Hurricane Aftermath | newspaper = Bergen Evening Record | date = 1955-08-15 | location = Hackensack, New Jersey | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190413014003/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29923600/the_record/ | archivedate = 2019-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title = Somerset Battered, Soaked By Connie, Still Drying Out | accessdate = April 3, 2019 | date = 1955-08-15 | newspaper = The Central New Jersey Home News | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29925702/the-central-new-jersey-home-news/ | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190406050201/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29925702/the_central_new_jersey_home_news/ | archivedate = 2019-04-06 | deadurl = no}}</ref><ref name="inq">{{cite news | title = Connie Blows Out in Central Penna.; Floods Block Phila. Area Traffic | newspaper = The Philadelphia Inquirer | date = 1955-08-14 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928884/the-philadelphia-inquirer/ | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190408111649/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928884/the_philadelphia_inquirer/ | archivedate = 2019-04-08 | deadurl = no}}</ref>相邻的宾夕法尼亚州同样有六人丧生，其中两人所在的汽车被洪水卷走，另外四人均死于交通意外。该州东南部降雨量达230毫米，费城在24小时内降水123毫米，创来57年来的新纪录。洪水超出下水道及小河的承受范围，致使道路封闭，许多民居的地下室进水，数以百计的居民被毁转移。<ref name="ap814" /><ref name="ben">{{cite book | pages = 204, 235 | author = Ben Gelber | title = The Pennsylvania Weather Book | year = 2002 | isbn = 9780813530567}}</ref><ref name="inq" />持续三天的降水令[[理海谷]]（{{lang|en|Lehigh Valley}}）多条河流水位上涨<ref name="mc" />。宾夕法尼亚州约有一万人家中停电，但很快便已恢复<ref name="mc" />。[[伯利恒 (宾夕法尼亚州)|伯利恒]]附近海伦娜营（{{lang|en|Camp Helena}}）附近溪流暴涨，[[美国海军陆战队]]于是将营地中63名[[美国女童军|女童军]]转移<ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The Morning Call | location = Allentown, Pennsylvania | date = 1955-08-14 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | deadurl = no | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928575/the-morning-call/ | title = Storm Threat Closes Camp for 63 Scouts | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190408111006/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928575/the_morning_call/ | archivedate = 2019-04-08}}</ref>。[[达比河 (宾夕法尼亚州)|达比河]]（{{lang|en|Darby Creek}}）水位升高，一名男童向外界求援<ref name="inq2">{{cite news | title = Heaviest Rain in 57 Yrs. Hits City | newspaper = The Philadelphia Inquirer | date = 1955-08-14 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | archivedate = 2019-04-07 | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190407091206/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928933/the_philadelphia_inquirer/ | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29928933/the-philadelphia-inquirer/}}</ref>。


面对飓风构成的重大损失，风暴名称“康妮”随后退役，以后永远都不会再在北大西洋热带气旋命名时采用<ref>{{cite report | author1 = Gary Padgett | author2 = Jack Beven | author3 = James Lewis Free | author4 = Sandy Delgado | date = 2012-05-23 | title = Subject: B3) What storm names have been retired? | publisher = Hurricane Research Division | accessdate = 2020-04-15 | url = https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/B3.html | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20200411230957/https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/B3.html | archivedate = 2020-04-11 }} {{Wayback|url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/B3.html |date=20190625192704 }}</ref>。
⚫
纽约东南部暴雨倾盆，超过250毫米的降水导致重大破坏，[[纽约都会区]]十一人遇难，[[纽约上州]]也有三人死亡<ref name="rain" /><ref name="nws" /><ref>{{cite news | newspaper = The Star-Gazette | date = 1955-08-14 | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927517/star-gazette/ | location = Elmyra, New York | title = Heavy Rains, Winds Hit State | agency = Associated Press | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190408111000/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927517/stargazette/ | archivedate = 2019-04-08 | deadurl = no}}</ref><ref name="ith">{{cite news | newspaper = The Ithaca Journal | date = 1955-08-14 | title = Connie Claims Lives of 14 in State | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927645/the-ithaca-journal/ | agency = Associated Press | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190407090634/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29927645/the_ithaca_journal/ | archivedate = 2019-04-07}}</ref>。纽约市20小时就降水135毫米，创下半个多世界来的新纪录<ref name="TVA1" />，市内大面积地区被淹，地铁和成千上万的房屋进水，全市受停电影响的居民超过十万<ref name="nyc" />，狂风和高涨的潮水还迫使轮渡暂停<ref name="nyc">{{cite news | newspaper = The Times Daily | date = 1955-08-13 | agency = Associated Press | title = New York Wallows in Heavy Rains | accessdate = 2020-04-14 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LBgsAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vsgEAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=1474%2C1233899 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170511041617/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LBgsAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vsgEAAAAIBAJ&dq=connie%20hurricane&pg=1474%2C1233899 | archivedate = 2017-05-11 | deadurl = no}}</ref>，[[拉瓜地亚机场]]也因积水达0.3米深被迫临时关闭<ref name="longshore" /><ref name="ap814" />。
{{clear}}


== 参见 ==
== 参见 ==
{{Portal|热带气旋}}
{{Portal|热带气旋}}
* [[飓风伊莎贝尔]]：2003年吹袭北卡罗莱纳州并一直行进至五大湖的飓风
* [[飓风伊莎贝尔]]：2003年吹袭北卡罗莱纳州并一直行进至五大湖的另一场飓风。


== 注释 ==
== 注释 ==
第73行： 第92行：


{{DEFAULTSORT:Connie (1955)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Connie (1955)}}
[[Category:1955年美国]]
[[Category:1955年大西洋飓风季]]
[[Category:1955年大西洋飓风季]]
[[Category:佛得角型飓风]]
[[Category:佛得角型飓风]]
[[Category:四级大西洋飓风]]
[[Category:四级大西洋飓风]]
[[Category:退役大西洋飓风]]
[[Category:已除名大西洋飓风]]
[[Category:影响特拉华州的热带气旋]]
[[Category:影响特拉华州的热带气旋]]
[[Category:影响北卡罗莱纳州的热带气旋]]
[[Category:影响北卡罗莱纳州的热带气旋]]
[[Category:影响新英格兰的热带气旋]]
[[Category:影响新英格兰的热带气旋]]
{{Featured article}}

2024年11月27日 (三) 14:43的最新版本

飓风康妮
四級颶風（美國）
飓风康妮位于哈特拉斯角西侧
形成1955年8月3日
消散1955年8月15日
最高風速1分鐘持續： 140英里/小時（220公里/小時）
最低氣壓944毫巴（百帕）；27.88英寸汞柱
死亡共77人
損失至少 $8600萬（1955年美元）
影響地區背风群岛、波多黎各、北卡罗来纳州、中大西洋州份、新英格兰、加拿大
1955年大西洋飓风季的一部分

飓风康妮是1955年8月在美国东部引发重大洪灾的强劲四级飓风，当地还在短短数天后受到飓风黛安袭击。气旋于8月3日经东大西洋的东风波发展而成并快速朝西北偏西移动，到8月4日已达飓风强度。风暴起初对小安的列斯群岛构成威胁，后在群岛以北约165公里海域经过。康妮在美属维尔京群岛夺走三条人命，并摧毁部分民居。系统外围雨带产生飓风强度阵风并降下暴雨，波多黎各雨量达220毫米，岛上60户民宅被毁，农作物也受到影响。据飓风猎人观测，风暴在袭击波多黎各后于8月7日达到最大持续风速每小时220公里，气压944毫巴（百帕，27.9英寸汞柱）的最高强度。接下来气旋的移动速度放缓，强度也有减弱，转向北上后于8月12日以萨菲尔-辛普森飓风风力等级下的二级飓风强度吹袭北卡罗来纳州，成为1955年大西洋飓风季第一个对该州构成重大破坏的热带气旋（之后两个分别是飓风黛安和飓风伊俄涅）。经过切萨皮克湾区域后，风暴继续深入内陆，最终于8月15日被休伦湖上空的冷锋吸收。

美国国家气象局在康妮登陆前向大范围地区发布飓风警告，多地人员撤离、航班取消，海滩封闭。气旋产生狂风巨浪并在沿途降下暴雨，北卡罗来纳州的农作物遭受重创，还导致27人死亡。华盛顿哥伦比亚特区有四人因道路湿滑引发的交通事故丧生。飓风在切萨皮克湾导致一艘船倾覆，船上十四人遇难，美国国会为此通过法律变更美国海岸警卫队的检查政策。宾夕法尼亚州和新泽西州各有六人死亡，纽约州降雨量创下新纪录，部分房屋和地铁被淹，共有十四人死亡。风暴期间，全美至少有29.5万人家中断电，损失总额约8600万美元[注 1]。康妮产生的降水同数天后的飓风黛安一起共造成七亿美元的经济损失。此外，风暴残留进入加拿大后还在安大略省夺走四条人命，并摧毁部分房屋和船只。由于这场飓风造成重大人员伤亡和经济损失，其名称“康妮”因此退役，以后永远都不会再在北大西洋热带气旋命名时采用。

发展历程

[编辑]
根據薩菲爾-辛普森颶風風力等級的強度繪製的風暴路徑圖
图例
萨菲尔-辛普森飓风风力等级
  热带低气压（≤62 km/h）
  热带风暴（63–118 km/h）
  一级（119–153 km/h）
  二级（154–177 km/h）
  三级（178–208 km/h）
  四级（209–251 km/h）
  五级（≥252 km/h）
  未知

据附近两艘船只提供的数据，1955年8月3日，一股东风波在佛得角以西洋面发展成热带低气压，然后迅速向西北偏西移动并强化成热带风暴康妮。8月4日，飓风猎人发现气旋正发展出眼状特征，并且侦察机和附近船只的观测结果都表明风暴当天就达到飓风强度。康妮在逼近小安的列斯群岛北侧期间继续强化，于8月6日从群岛以北约165公里海域经过。当晚，康妮的强度达到三级飓风标准，成为大型飓风。[1][2]

受大规模高压脊影响，风暴经过小安的列斯群岛后略朝西北转向。8月7日，飓风猎人侦察机观测到倒圆锥形风眼，大头位于飞行高度层，接近地表的小头直径约15公里。侦察机还测得944毫巴（百帕，27.88英寸汞柱）的最低气压，这也是整场飓风的最低气压。根据上述观测数据，大西洋海洋学和气象学实验室下属飓风研究部估计气旋此时的最大持续风速达到每小时220公里，成为四级飓风。[2]气旋向西北推近，从巴哈马东北方向经过。随着风眼尺寸增大，康妮在上升流和冷空气的共同影响下逐渐减弱，强度在8月9日跌至低于大型飓风标准。风暴同东南方向正在发展的飓风黛安发生藤原效应，并在东北一侧逐渐成型的高压脊影响下放慢移动速度，此时的前进方向为西北偏西。8月10日，飓风在逼近美国东南沿海时转向北上。8月12日，气旋强度略有回升，达到风速每小时160公里的第二波高峰。协调世界时下午15点左右，康妮从北卡罗来纳州加特利县梅肯堡州立公园（Fort Macon State Park）附近登陆。[1][2]

风暴在行经卡罗来纳州东部期间减弱，逼近北卡罗来纳州和弗吉尼亚州边界附近的大西洋海岸。受伊利诺伊州上空上层低压槽增强及低气压区的共同影响，飓风穿过汉普顿锚地后回转朝西北偏北前进。8月13日，气旋强度在行经切萨皮克湾区域期间降至飓风标准以下，然后又转向西北，穿过宾夕法尼亚州西部进入伊利湖。接下来，康妮以热带风暴强度先后穿过安大略省西南部、休伦湖和密歇根州，然后逐渐消散，最终于8月15日被逼近的冷锋吸收。[2]

防灾措施

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康妮在波多黎各产生的降水分布

8月5日，飓风康妮的最强风力时速达到205公里，明显对加勒比东北部群岛构成威胁。美国国家气象局向巴布达岛、萨巴和安地卡岛发布飓风警告，维尔京群岛和波多黎各先收到飓风预警，后转为警告[3]。面对风暴威胁，波多黎各北岸沿海约四万居民被迫撤离[4]。气旋影响波多黎各后，多明尼加共和国北岸沿海地区收到风暴警告，巴哈马东部收到飓风警告[5]。

康妮在西大西洋徘徊期间一度在美国东南部近海缓慢移动，致使气象机构难以预测其动向[1]。8月7日，北卡罗来纳州至弗吉尼亚州诺福克间地区接获飓风警告，同时飓风预警生效范围向北延伸至纽约市[6]。气象机构此后将飓风警告生效范围扩展到特拉华防波堤（Delaware Breakwater），风暴警告向东北延伸至马萨诸塞州普罗威斯顿。北卡罗来纳州的警报共持续约三天之久，直至气旋进入内陆后中止。[7]

美国军方在飓风来袭前把沿海军机转移到更安全的内陆[8]。美国海军一架飞机在撤离时坠毁，机上两人死亡。大型海军舰艇前往海上躲避风暴，小型船只停在丹吉尔。来自十余个国家的上百艘商船停泊在汉普顿锚地水域，小船则在码头固定。美国红十字会共开设至少79个避难所，并派出41名有飓风防灾救灾经验的工作人员。美国海岸警卫队命令四个沿海城镇的居民疏散，共计约有1.4万人从沿海地区撤离。[9][10][11]北卡罗来纳州克雷文县新伯尔尼（New Bern）约有两千人从洪灾易发区转移[7]。面对飓风威胁，费城童军自由理事会之摇篮（Cradle of Liberty Council）将八百名童军成员撤离[12]。原计划乘飞机从蓋茨堡返回华盛顿哥伦比亚特区的美国总统德怀特·艾森豪威尔改为乘车[13]。新泽西州北部有超过三百人疏散[14]。新泽西州和纽约州多个海滩封闭，大洋城（Ocean City）的年度游行活动因风暴延迟。数十架进出纽约地区的航班因天气恶劣取消，加拿大陆军的军事演习也予中止。[15]

影响

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飓风康妮位于美国东北部的卫星图像

加勒比地区

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经过小安的列斯群岛期间，气旋外围雨带在英属维尔京群岛的托尔托拉岛产生强烈阵风，时速高达166公里[4]，安圭拉测得每小时83公里的持续风速[2]。波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛的阵风时速为74公里，估计圣托马斯岛的阵风更达每小时130公里[4]。加勒比地区东北部普降暴雨[1]，波多黎各以白河（Río Blanco）下游雨量最高，达220毫米，其中191毫米是在24小时内降下[16]。圣托马斯岛的夏洛特阿马利亚降水179毫米，岛上两人溺毙，还有一人在康妮经过期间触电身亡，此外，该岛还有部分棚屋和船只被毁。康妮产生的狂风巨浪共摧毁波多黎各60幢劣质房屋，还导致农作物和公共设施受损。[4]另外，巴哈马圣萨尔瓦多岛测得时速39公里大风[2]。

美国和加拿大

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康妮在美国的降水分布

气旋在北卡罗来纳州和弗吉尼亚州产生飓风强度狂风[2]。飓风来袭前，美国东北部许多地区正处干旱，康妮带来的空气异常潮湿，致使气温和水温都高于正常水平，美国东部因此普降暴雨。风暴产生的降水范围从南卡罗来纳州向东延伸至缅因州，西侧更远至密歇根州。费城和纽约降雨量创下新纪录，纽约舒勒堡降下336毫米雨量，是整场飓风降水最多的地点。康妮过去仅四天后，飓风黛安又在同一区域产生大量降水，引发大面积洪灾。[17][18][16]风暴西侧边缘雨带催生出六个龙卷风，其中五个位于南卡罗来纳州，一个在北卡罗来纳州[1]。整场飓风共在美国造成价值8606.5万美元损失，其中大部分发生在北卡罗来纳州、弗吉尼亚州和马里兰州[19]。

袭击北卡罗来纳州期间，气旋在加特利县莫尔黑德市（Morehead City）产生每小时116公里的持续风速，阵风时速134公里。风暴登陆点附近阵风时速达160公里，但此数据究竟是估计还是测量值至今尚无定论。[1]位于近海的煎锅浅滩（Frying Pan Shoals）测得每小时148公里阵风[20]。康妮缓慢向内陆进发期间产生高达2.4米的风暴潮，致使海滩严重侵蚀[1]。昂斯洛县小镇斯旺斯伯勒（Swansboro）的风暴潮比1954年10月飓风黑兹尔来袭期间还高[20]，许多黑兹尔过去后重建的码头又因这场风暴受损或被毁[7]。风暴潮令威尔明顿的低洼地区洪水泛滥[21]，外滩群岛多条沿海公路在康妮抵达前就被大浪淹没[9]。气旋登陆点西侧的降雨量超过250毫米[16]。远至罗利这样的内陆城市都有河流泛滥，但程度不及沿海地区[22]。风暴期间，北卡罗来纳州国民警卫队受命前往博福特县小镇华盛顿（Washington），协助帕姆利科河（Pamlico River）沿线约一千人疏散[7]。受外围雨带影响，北卡罗来纳州沿海多条输电线路中断[20]。大量降水引发洪灾威胁，17号美国国道位于新伯尔尼附近路段为此封闭[7]。整个北卡罗来纳州的经济损失约为四千万美元，至少四分之三是农作物损失[1]。全州共27人遇难，死因包括交通事故、建筑损毁、触电和溺亡。[21]。

康妮登陆期间，南卡罗来纳州位于飓风中心以南，默特尔比奇有四十幢建筑被毁[21]。气旋令多地渔业码头、防波堤和部分住房的屋顶受损，媒体报导称同前一年的飓风黑兹尔相比，这场风暴的影响尚算“温和”[23]。康妮逐渐北上并继续降下暴雨，切萨皮克湾位于宾夕法尼亚州和纽约州东南部海岸均测得超过250毫米雨量[16]。弗吉尼亚州里士满8月12日降下233毫米雨水，刷新日降雨量纪录[24]。从沿海地区到深入内陆的里士满，该州多条河流泛滥成灾[22]。洪水将里士满，弗雷德里克斯堡和波托马克铁路位于兰开斯特县兰克福德（Lankford）附近路段冲毁，还把包括1号美国国道和301号美国国道位于该州境内部分路段在内的五条区域公路淹没。飓风刮倒树木，州内至少有5000人失去供电。[24][25]弗吉尼亚州有十条河的水位创下历史新高，相邻的马里兰州则有十六条[22]。哥伦比亚特区因道路湿滑引发上百起交通事故，其中一辆汽车与其他车辆刮擦后冲进暴涨的溪流，车上四人溺毙[25][26]。

切萨皮克湾狂风巨浪肆虐，长38米的“列文·马威尔号”（Levin J. Marvel）沉没[21]。这艘已有64年船龄的双桅纵帆船从马里兰州安纳波利斯出发时据称已“不适合航行”，最终在该州安妮阿伦德尔县费尔黑文（Fairhaven）附近倾覆，23名乘客和四名船员中有十四人溺毙，其他人困在残骸上漂流一段时间后获救，据《巴尔的摩太阳报》报道，这在马里兰州历史上也是非常严重的一次海上灾难[27]。

特拉华州此前旱情严重，幸获康妮带来的降水缓解[28][29]。威尔明顿机场一控制塔测得时速97公里阵风，是该州阵风最强的地点[30]。气旋在贝瑟尼滩催生出海龙卷风，导致数十幢民宅的屋顶被掀并停电六小时，另有一名少年被风刮飞至18米外并受轻伤[31]。降雨引发山洪，但当地此前正逢干旱，所以美国地质调查局认为水情“无关紧要”[29]。康妮在新泽西州夺走六条人命，其中一人淹死，一人触电身亡，另外四人均死于交通意外。狂风暴雨令树木倒塌、电缆中断，约十八万人家中停电，两万人无法使用电话，卑尔根县几乎所有警察、消防员和五百余名电工加入抢修。面对附近三条泛滥成灾的河流，萨默塞特县曼维尔（Manville）进入紧急状态并持续19.5小时。特纳夫莱一名修女因停电被困电梯，需要外界救援。肯顿附近包括30号美国国道在内的多条公路因水淹封闭，造成交通阻塞。[14][32][33][34]相邻的宾夕法尼亚州同样有六人丧生，其中两人所乘的汽车被洪水卷走，另外四人均死于交通意外。该州东南部降雨量达230毫米，费城在24小时内降水123毫米，创来57年来新高。洪水超出下水道及小河的承受范围，致使道路封闭，许多民居的地下室进水，数以百计的居民被迫转移。[18][35][34]持续三天降水令理海谷（Lehigh Valley）多条河流水位上涨[28]。宾夕法尼亚州约有一万人家中停电，但很快便已恢复[28]。伯利恒海伦娜营（Camp Helena）附近溪流暴涨，美国海军陆战队将营地中63名女童军转移[36]。达比河（Darby Creek）水位升高，一名男童需外界救援[37]。

纽约东南部暴雨倾盆，超过250毫米的降水导致重大破坏，纽约都会区十一人遇难，纽约上州也有三人死亡[16][29][38][39]。纽约市20小时就降水135毫米，创下半个多世纪来的新纪录[26]，市内大面积地区被淹，地铁和成千上万的房屋进水，全市受停电影响的居民超过十万[40]，狂风和高涨的潮水还迫使轮渡暂停[40]，拉瓜地亚机场也因积水达0.3米被迫临时关闭[21][18]。洪水将德拉华和哈德逊铁路位于海德堡断崖附近路段冲毁，导致两辆火车脱轨，幸而没有人员伤亡[39]。门罗县和韦恩县部分桃树和苹果树因风暴受损[41]，降水还导致希南戈县正在举办的博览会提前关闭[42]。康涅狄格州沿海地区多条河流因康妮产生的降水上涨，但该州受到的影响很小[22]。

8月14日，气旋残留进入安大略上空并继续产生时速75公里大风，五大湖附近地区仍有65毫米降水。伯灵顿27艘船被毁，一名男子因船在伊利湖沉没遇溺，安大略另外还有两人溺亡。康妮产生的大浪摧毁六幢房屋，另有多户受损。风暴还造成部分地区停电，烟草作物受损。[43]此外，风暴在美国境内行进的最后一段时间还在密歇根州休伦湖畔产生时速105公里的强烈阵风，引起的大浪致使多艘小船倾覆或受损，该州遭受的经济损失约为十五万美元[44]。

善后

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飓风康妮袭击北卡罗来纳州的新闻片段

飓风康妮引发的洪灾未能马上引起媒体高度关注，但正是因为这场飓风的大量降水，美国东北部数天后因其他风暴引发的洪灾才变得极其严重[22]。康妮过境仅五天后，飓风黛安吹袭北卡罗来纳州[1]，不过此后没有像前一场风暴一样转向西北，而是朝东北移动。黛安在大片含水饱和的地区降下暴雨引发严重洪灾，损失数额至少达七亿美元，[1]六个州经宣告成为联邦灾区，以便灾民获得联邦援助[45]。康妮过境后，美国小型企业管理局向受灾民众和企业提供低息贷款[46]。

“列文·马威尔号”海难促使美国国会于1956年通过法律，授权海岸警卫队检查所有超过六名乘客的船只，此前法律只允许警卫队检查排水量在700吨以上船只，而“列文·马威尔号”只有183吨。失事船长因经验不足受到玩忽职守和过失杀人罪起诉，案件在位于巴尔的摩的马里兰联邦地区法院审理。如果罪名全部成立，被告需服刑十一年，但法官罗伯特·多西·沃特金斯（Robert Dorsey Watkins）裁决过失杀人罪不成立，最终当事人因玩忽职守罪被判一年缓刑。[27]

面对飓风构成的重大损失，风暴名称“康妮”随后退役，以后永远都不会再在北大西洋热带气旋命名时采用[47]。

参见

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  • 飓风伊莎贝尔：2003年吹袭北卡罗莱纳州并一直行进至五大湖的另一场飓风。

注释

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  1. ^ 如无特别说明，所有损失数额均为1955年货币价值。

参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 Gordon E. Dunn; Walter R. Davis; Paul L. Moore. Hurricanes of 1955 (PDF). Monthly Weather Review. 1955-12, 83 (12): 315 [2020-04-13]. Bibcode:1955MWRv...83..315D. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1955)083<0315:HO>2.0.CO;2. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-05-07）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT (报告). Hurricane Research Division. 2015-05 [2020-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2011-06-04）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  3. ^ Hurricane Connie Nears Leeward Isles. Free Lance-Star. Associated Press. 1955-08-05 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Climatological Data: Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands 1. Asheville, North Carolina: United States Weather Bureau. 1957: 54 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）.  |number=被忽略 (帮助)
  5. ^ Puerto Rico Escapes Lash of Hurricane. Daytona Beach Morning-Herald. Associated Press. 1955-08-06 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  6. ^ Hurricane Connie on Her Way. The Nevada Daily Mail. Associated Press. 1955-08-07 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Coastal, NC Hurricane Connie Strikes Coast, Aug 1955. The Robesonian. 1955-08-12. GenDisasters.com [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2018-04-17）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  8. ^ Connie May Chase Planes and Curb Talbott Farewell. The Milwaukee Journal. Associated Press. 1955-08-10. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Hurricane Idles 225 Miles SE Wilmington Pointing at N.C.. The Robesonian. 1955-08-10 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  10. ^ Hurricane Loses Some Punch Raking Northward Along N. Carolina Coast. Ellensburg Daily Record. Associated Press. 1955-08-12 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-11）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  11. ^ Ships of Dozen Nations Huddled in Hampton Roads, Await Storm. The Boston Globe. Associated Press. 1955-08-12 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-06）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  12. ^ Connie Speeds Closing of Boy Scout Camp. The Reading Eagle. Associated Press. 1955-08-11 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-11）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  13. ^ Eisenhower Abandons Plane Trip Because of Hurricane. The Reading Eagle. Associated Press. 1955-08-11 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-11）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Gale Winds and Rain Whipped By Connie Sweep New Jersey. The Progress-Index (Petersburg, Virginia). 1955-08-13 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-08）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  15. ^ Charles Grutzner. City Alert Ended as Connie Whirls Toward Carolina. The New York Times. 1955-08-12 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-03-08）.  – 通过The New York Times 需付费查阅
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 David M. Roth. Hurricane Connie – August 6–14, 1955. Weather Prediction Center. 2013-03-06 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-19）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  17. ^ Jerome Namias; Carlos R. Dunn. The Weather and Circulation of August 1955 (PDF). United States Weather Bureau; Monthly Weather Review. 1955-08 [2020-04-14]. [失效連結]
  18. ^ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Hurricane Connie Now Medium-Sized. Lewiston Morning-Tribune. Associated Press. 1955-08-14 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  19. ^ E.V.W. Jones. 1955 Broke All Records for Hurricane Damage. Meriden Record. 1956-02-05 [2019-03-09]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  20. ^ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Hurricane Connie Is Losing Punch; Carolina Area Pounded. The Reading Eagle. Associated Press. 1955-08-11 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  21. ^ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 David Longshore. Encyclopedia of Hurricanes, Typhoons, and Cyclones, New Edition. Facts on File, Inc. 2008: 105 [2020-04-14]. ISBN 9781438118796. （原始内容存档于2022-01-20）. 
  22. ^ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 Floods of August–October 1955: New England to North Carolina. Washington, D.C.: United States Geological Survey. 1960: 15, 27 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）. 
  23. ^ 'Connie' Damage In S.C. Not To Be Estimated Yet. The Greenville News. Associated Press. 1955-08-13 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-06）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  24. ^ 24.0 24.1 Connie's Heavy Rains Do Moderate Damage. The Free Lance-Star. 1955-08-13 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  25. ^ 25.0 25.1 North Carolina Hardest Hit by Hurricane Connie's Fury. Star-Gazette (Elmyra, New York). Associated Press. 1955-08-14: 43 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-06）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  26. ^ 26.0 26.1 Vacationers Caught As Gales Spread Out. The Victoria Advocate. United Press. 1955-08-13 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  27. ^ 27.0 27.1 Frederick N. Rasmussen. Ship was a tragedy waiting to happen. The Baltimore Sun. 2004-04-24 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-03-07）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  28. ^ 28.0 28.1 28.2 Connie's Visit to Valley Evaluated as Beneficial; Cleanup Near Complete. The Morning Call (Allentown, Pennsylvania). 1955-08-14 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-08）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  29. ^ 29.0 29.1 29.2 National Weather Summary – Hydrologic Events and Floods and Droughts. United States Geological Survey. 1991: 225, 419 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）. 
  30. ^ One Cottage is Smashed; Power Cut. The News Journal (Wilmington, Delaware). 1955-08-13 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-13）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  31. ^ Swirls into Penna.; Passes Wilmington 75 Miles to West. The News Journal (Wilmington, Delaware). 1955-08-13 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-08）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  32. ^ Bergen Still Mopping Up In Hurricane Aftermath. Bergen Evening Record (Hackensack, New Jersey). 1955-08-15 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-13）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  33. ^ Somerset Battered, Soaked By Connie, Still Drying Out. The Central New Jersey Home News. 1955-08-15 [April 3, 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-06）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  34. ^ 34.0 34.1 Connie Blows Out in Central Penna.; Floods Block Phila. Area Traffic. The Philadelphia Inquirer. 1955-08-14 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-08）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  35. ^ Ben Gelber. The Pennsylvania Weather Book. 2002: 204, 235. ISBN 9780813530567. 
  36. ^ Storm Threat Closes Camp for 63 Scouts. The Morning Call (Allentown, Pennsylvania). 1955-08-14 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-08）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  37. ^ Heaviest Rain in 57 Yrs. Hits City. The Philadelphia Inquirer. 1955-08-14 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-07）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  38. ^ Heavy Rains, Winds Hit State. The Star-Gazette (Elmyra, New York). Associated Press. 1955-08-14 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-08）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  39. ^ 39.0 39.1 Connie Claims Lives of 14 in State. The Ithaca Journal. Associated Press. 1955-08-14 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-07）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  40. ^ 40.0 40.1 New York Wallows in Heavy Rains. The Times Daily. Associated Press. 1955-08-13 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-11）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  41. ^ Steady Rain, Winds Hurt Fruit Crop, Fell Trees, Wires. Democrat and Chronicle (Rochester, New York). 1955-08-14 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-06）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  42. ^ Connie-Incited Rains Wash Out Closing Events of Chenango Fair. The Sunday Press (Binghamton, New York). 1955-08-14 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  43. ^ 1955-Connie (报告). Environment Canada. 2009-11-09 [2018-11-18]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-18）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  44. ^ Lucius W. Dye. Climatological Data: Michigan 70. 1955-08: 116 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-25）.  |number=被忽略 (帮助)
  45. ^ Lee Davis. Hurricanes. Natural Disasters. Facts on File Science Library. 2008: 282 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-23）. 
  46. ^ U.S. to Grant Loans for Connie Damage. The Morning News (Wilmington, Delaware). 1955-08-13 [2020-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-07）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  47. ^ Gary Padgett; Jack Beven; James Lewis Free; Sandy Delgado. Subject: B3) What storm names have been retired? (报告). Hurricane Research Division. 2012-05-23 [2020-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-11）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

外部链接

[编辑]
维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：飓风康妮


1955年大西洋颶風季的熱帶氣旋（編輯）
萨菲尔-辛普森飓风风力等级
TD TS C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/zhwiki/w/index.php?title=飓风康妮&oldid=85118808”