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巴拉卡核能發電廠:修订间差异

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|G3=地名
|G3=地名
|1=zh-cn:合同;zh-tw:合約;
|1=zh-cn:合同;zh-tw:合約;
|2=zh-cn:谅解备忘录; zh-tw:合作備忘錄;
}}
}}
{{Infobox power station
{{Infobox power station
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| country = {{flagicon|UAE}} [[阿拉伯联合酋长国]]
| country = {{flagicon|UAE}} [[阿拉伯联合酋长国]]
| location = {{tsl|en|Ruwais|魯瓦斯}}以西53公里處
| location = {{tsl|en|Ruwais|魯瓦斯}}以西53公里處
| status = U
| status = O
| construction_began = 第一機組:2012年7月19日<br/>第二機組:2013年4月16日<br/>第三機組:2014年9月24日<br/>第四機組:2015年7月30日
| construction_began = 第一機組:2012年7月19日<br/>第二機組:2013年4月16日<br/>第三機組:2014年9月24日<br/>第四機組:2015年7月30日
| commissioned = 第一機組:20208月1日
| commissioned = 第一機組:20214月1日<br/>第二機組:2022年3月24
| decommissioned =
| decommissioned =
| cost = 244億[[美元]]
| cost = 320億[[美元]]<ref>{{cite news
|url= https://www.power-technology.com/projects/barakah-nuclear-power-plant-abu-dhabi/?cf-view&cf-closed
|title= Barakah Nuclear Power Plant
|date= 2020-04-09
|archive-url = https://archive.today/20211230010458/https://www.power-technology.com/projects/barakah-nuclear-power-plant-abu-dhabi/
|archive-date = 2021-12-30
|access-date = 2024-09-13
|work = Power Technology
|language=en
}}</ref>
| owner = {{tsl|en|Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation|阿联酋核能公司}}
| owner = {{tsl|en|Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation|阿联酋核能公司}}
| operator = 納瓦能源公司(Nawah Energy Company)<ref name="廖禹揚"/>
| operator = 納瓦能源公司(Nawah Energy Company)<ref name="廖禹揚"/>
第31行: 第41行:
| ps_units_operational =
| ps_units_operational =
| ps_units_manu_model = {{tsl|en|APR-1400|APR-1400}}
| ps_units_manu_model = {{tsl|en|APR-1400|APR-1400}}
| ps_units_uc = 4 × 1345 [[瓦特#瓦|MW]]
| ps_units_uc = 4 × 1345 [[瓦特#(百萬瓩)|MW]]
| ps_units_planned =
| ps_units_planned =
| ps_units_cancelled =
| ps_units_cancelled =
第37行: 第47行:
| ps_thermal_capacity = 4 × 3983 MW<sub>th</sub>
| ps_thermal_capacity = 4 × 3983 MW<sub>th</sub>
| ps_heating_capacity =
| ps_heating_capacity =
| ps_electrical_capacity = 5380 MW(完工後)
| ps_electrical_capacity = 5600 MW
| ps_electrical_cap_fac =
| ps_electrical_cap_fac =
| ps_storage_capacity =
| ps_storage_capacity =
| ps_annual_generation =
| ps_annual_generation =
| website =
| website = https://www.enec.gov.ae/barakah-plant/
| extra =
| extra =
}}
}}
[[File:Barakah 2013-01-29 1.jpg|thumb|時任[[國際原子能機構]]總幹事[[天野之彌]]於2013年到訪巴拉卡核電廠]]
[[File:Barakah 2013-01-29 1.jpg|thumb|時任[[國際原子能機構]]總幹事[[天野之彌]]於2013年到訪巴拉卡核電廠]]
'''巴拉卡核能發電廠'''({{lang-ar|محطة براكة للطاقة النووية}})又譯為'''巴拉卡核电站''',為[[阿拉伯联合酋长国]]及[[阿拉伯半岛]]首座核能發電廠,也是[[阿拉伯世界]]首座商業運轉的核能發電廠,由4座{{tsl|en|APR-1400|APR-1400}}核能反應爐組成(1座商轉中,1座已完工待運轉,2座已大部分完工),總裝機容量為5,600[[兆瓦]](MW)<ref name=pt2015>{{Cite web |title=Barakah Nuclear Power Plant, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates |url=http://www.power-technology.com/projects/barakah-nuclear-power-plant-abu-dhabi/ |accessdate=2015-08-01 |author=<!--Staff writer(s), no by-line.--> |date=2015 |publisher=Power Technology |language=en |archive-date=2020-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152501/https://www.power-technology.com/projects/barakah-nuclear-power-plant-abu-dhabi/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>,預計供應阿聯地區25%的能源需求。<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=UAE completes construction of Barakah 2 : New Nuclear - World Nuclear News |url=https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/UAE-completes-construction-of-Barakah-unit-2 |accessdate=2020-08-04 |date=2020-07-15 |work=World Nuclear News |language=en |archive-date=2020-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152503/https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/UAE-completes-construction-of-Barakah-unit-2 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="fstart">{{Cite news|title=UAE starts up Arab world's first nuclear plant|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-53619916|newspaper=BBC News|date=2020-08-02|accessdate=2020-08-04|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803084313/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-53619916|archive-date=2020-08-03|dead-url=no}}</ref>位於[[阿布扎比_(酋长国)|阿布扎比]]{{tsl|en|Al Gharbia, Abu Dhabi|達夫拉}}地區,位處[[波斯湾]]海岸線與{{tsl|en|E 11 road (United Arab Emirates)|E11公路 (阿聯)|E11公路}}之間的腹地,約在{{tsl|en|Ruwais|魯瓦斯}}以西約50公里處。<ref name="Khitam Al Amir">{{Cite web|title=UAE: Mohamed Bin Zayed visits Barakah Nuclear Power Plant|url=https://gulfnews.com/uae/government/uae-mohamed-bin-zayed-visits-barakah-nuclear-power-plant-1.1591900293700|author=Khitam Al Amir|date=2020-06-11|accessdate=2020-08-05|work=Gulf News|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628124541/https://gulfnews.com/uae/government/uae-mohamed-bin-zayed-visits-barakah-nuclear-power-plant-1.1591900293700|archive-date=2020-06-28|dead-url=no}}</ref>
'''巴拉卡核能發電廠'''({{lang-ar|محطة براكة للطاقة النووية}})又譯為'''巴拉卡核电站''',為[[阿拉伯联合酋长国]]及[[阿拉伯半岛]]首座核能發電廠,也是[[阿拉伯世界]]首座商業運轉的核能發電廠,由4座{{tsl|en|APR-1400|APR-1400}}核能反應爐組成總裝機容量為5,600[[兆瓦]](MW)<ref name=pt2015>{{Cite web |title=Barakah Nuclear Power Plant, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates |url=http://www.power-technology.com/projects/barakah-nuclear-power-plant-abu-dhabi/ |accessdate=2015-08-01 |author=<!--Staff writer(s), no by-line.--> |date=2015 |publisher=Power Technology |language=en |archive-date=2020-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152501/https://www.power-technology.com/projects/barakah-nuclear-power-plant-abu-dhabi/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>,供應阿聯地區25%的能源需求。<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=UAE completes construction of Barakah 2 : New Nuclear - World Nuclear News |url=https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/UAE-completes-construction-of-Barakah-unit-2 |accessdate=2020-08-04 |date=2020-07-15 |work=World Nuclear News |language=en |archive-date=2020-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152503/https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/UAE-completes-construction-of-Barakah-unit-2 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="fstart">{{Cite news|title=UAE starts up Arab world's first nuclear plant|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-53619916|newspaper=BBC News|date=2020-08-02|accessdate=2020-08-04|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803084313/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-53619916|archive-date=2020-08-03|dead-url=no}}</ref>位於[[阿布扎比_(酋长国)|阿布扎比]]{{tsl|en|Al Gharbia, Abu Dhabi|達夫拉}}地區,位處[[波斯湾]]海岸線與{{tsl|en|E 11 road (United Arab Emirates)|E11公路 (阿聯)|E11公路}}之間的腹地,約在{{tsl|en|Ruwais|魯瓦斯}}以西約50公里處。<ref name="Khitam Al Amir">{{Cite web|title=UAE: Mohamed Bin Zayed visits Barakah Nuclear Power Plant|url=https://gulfnews.com/uae/government/uae-mohamed-bin-zayed-visits-barakah-nuclear-power-plant-1.1591900293700|author=Khitam Al Amir|date=2020-06-11|accessdate=2020-08-05|work=Gulf News|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628124541/https://gulfnews.com/uae/government/uae-mohamed-bin-zayed-visits-barakah-nuclear-power-plant-1.1591900293700|archive-date=2020-06-28|dead-url=no}}</ref>


== 歷史 ==
== 歷史 ==
2009年12月,[[韓國電力公社]]所領導的團隊以200億美元的價格贏得{{tsl|en|Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation|阿聯核能公司}}的競標,兩公司合作於阿拉伯聯合大公國建立首座[[核能發電廠]],而巴拉卡被選為廠址,並陸續建造4座{{tsl|en|APR-1400|APR-1400}}[[核能反應爐]],第一機組反應爐原計畫於2017年開始供電,但因安全及管理問題導致多次延期。<ref>{{Cite news|title=South Korea wins nuclear contract|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8431904.stm|newspaper=BBC News|date=2009-12-27|accessdate=2020-08-04|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011003335/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8431904.stm|archive-date=2018-10-11|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Quarter of UAE's power from nuclear energy by 2020 |url=http://www.emirates247.com/business/energy/quarter-of-uae-s-power-from-nuclear-energy-by-2020-2011-03-17-1.369643 |accessdate=2011-03-22 |date=2011-03-17 |work=Emirates 24/7 |publisher=Dubai Media |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110321135727/http://www.emirates247.com/business/energy/quarter-of-uae-s-power-from-nuclear-energy-by-2020-2011-03-17-1.369643 |archive-date=2011-03-21 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Barakah plant delay sets back clean energy target |url=https://gulfnews.com/uae/barakah-plant-delay-sets-back-clean-energy-target-1.62163070 |accessdate=2020-08-04 |author=Samir Salama |date=2019-02-19 |work=Gulf News |language=en |archive-date=2020-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152500/https://gulfnews.com/uae/barakah-plant-delay-sets-back-clean-energy-target-1.62163070 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
2009年12月,[[韓國電力公社]]所領導的團隊以200億美元的價格贏得{{tsl|en|Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation|阿聯核能公司}}的競標,兩公司合作於阿拉伯聯合大公國建立首座[[核能發電廠]],而巴拉卡被選為廠址,並陸續建造4座{{tsl|en|APR-1400|APR-1400}}[[核能反應爐]],第一機組反應爐原計畫於2017年開始供電,但因安全及管理問題導致多次延期。<ref>{{Cite news|title=South Korea wins nuclear contract|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8431904.stm|newspaper=BBC News|date=2009-12-27|accessdate=2020-08-04|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011003335/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8431904.stm|archive-date=2018-10-11|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Quarter of UAE's power from nuclear energy by 2020 |url=http://www.emirates247.com/business/energy/quarter-of-uae-s-power-from-nuclear-energy-by-2020-2011-03-17-1.369643 |accessdate=2011-03-22 |date=2011-03-17 |work=Emirates 24/7 |publisher=Dubai Media |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110321135727/http://www.emirates247.com/business/energy/quarter-of-uae-s-power-from-nuclear-energy-by-2020-2011-03-17-1.369643 |archive-date=2011-03-21 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Barakah plant delay sets back clean energy target |url=https://gulfnews.com/uae/barakah-plant-delay-sets-back-clean-energy-target-1.62163070 |accessdate=2020-08-04 |author=Samir Salama |date=2019-02-19 |work=Gulf News |language=en |archive-date=2020-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152500/https://gulfnews.com/uae/barakah-plant-delay-sets-back-clean-energy-target-1.62163070 |dead-url=no }}</ref>


2011年3月14日,核能發電廠在時任[[國總統]][[李明博]]出席下舉行動工儀式,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pres. Lee Attends Groundbreaking Ceremony for UAE's Nuclear Plant|url=http://www.arirang.co.kr/News/News_View.asp?nseq=113707&code=Ne2&category=2|accessdate=2020-08-05|author=Yoo Ji-hae|date=2011-03-14|format=|publisher=[[阿里郎電視台|Arirang TV]]|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006125610/http://www.arirang.co.kr/News/News_View.asp?nseq=113707&code=Ne2&category=2|archive-date=2012-10-06|dead-url=no}}</ref> 2012年7月18日下午<ref>{{Cite web |title=Construction under way at Barakah - World Nuclear News |url=https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Construction_under_way_at_Barakah-1907124.html |accessdate=2020-08-05 |date=2012-07-19 |work=World Nuclear News |language=en |archive-date=2020-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152502/https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Construction_under_way_at_Barakah-1907124.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>,儘管在[[福島第一核電廠事故]]發生後有人提出延期,第一機組仍較原訂時間2012年底提早開始施工。<ref>{{Cite web |title=Record 876 flamingos hatched in Abu Dhabi’s Al Wathba Wetland Reserve |url=https://gulfnews.com/uae/record-876-flamingos-hatched-in-abu-dhabis-al-wathba-wetland-reserve-1.72711336 |accessdate=2020-08-05 |author=Shehab Al Makahleh |date=2012-07-20 |work=gulfnews.com |publisher=Gulf News |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728071123/https://gulfnews.com/uae/record-876-flamingos-hatched-in-abu-dhabis-al-wathba-wetland-reserve-1.72711336 |archive-date=2020-07-28 |dead-url=no }}</ref>2013年5月,預計需耗時5年的第二機組開始施工<ref name=nei-20130529>{{Cite web|title=UAE pours first concrete for Barakah 2 - Nuclear Engineering International|url=https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newsuae-pours-first-concrete-for-barakah-2|date=2013-05-29|accessdate=2020-08-05|work=Nuclear Engineering International|language=en|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152502/https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newsuae-pours-first-concrete-for-barakah-2|dead-url=no}}</ref>;2014年9月,第三機組澆築核能反應爐的首批[[核子反應爐安全殼|安全殼]][[混凝土]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Construction starts on third Barakah unit - World Nuclear News|url=https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Construction-starts-on-Barakah-3-2509144.html|date=2014-09-25|accessdate=2020-08-05|work=World Nuclear News|language=en|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152554/https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Construction-starts-on-Barakah-3-2509144.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>;2015年9月,第四機組開始動工興建。<ref name=pt2015/><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-UAEs-fourth-power-reactor-under-construction-0209155.html |title=UAE's fourth power reactor under construction |author=<!--Staff writer(s), no by-line.--> |date=2015-09-02 |newspaper=World Nuclear News |accessdate=2015-09-02 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916153535/http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-UAEs-fourth-power-reactor-under-construction-0209155.html |archive-date=2017-09-16 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
2011年3月14日,核能發電廠在時任[[韓國總統]][[李明博]]出席下舉行動工儀式,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pres. Lee Attends Groundbreaking Ceremony for UAE's Nuclear Plant|url=http://www.arirang.co.kr/News/News_View.asp?nseq=113707&code=Ne2&category=2|accessdate=2020-08-05|author=Yoo Ji-hae|date=2011-03-14|format=|publisher=[[阿里郎電視台|Arirang TV]]|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006125610/http://www.arirang.co.kr/News/News_View.asp?nseq=113707&code=Ne2&category=2|archive-date=2012-10-06|dead-url=no}}</ref> 2012年7月18日下午<ref>{{Cite web |title=Construction under way at Barakah - World Nuclear News |url=https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Construction_under_way_at_Barakah-1907124.html |accessdate=2020-08-05 |date=2012-07-19 |work=World Nuclear News |language=en |archive-date=2020-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152502/https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Construction_under_way_at_Barakah-1907124.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>,儘管在[[福島第一核電廠事故]]發生後有人提出延期,第一機組仍較原訂時間2012年底提早開始施工。<ref>{{Cite web |title=Record 876 flamingos hatched in Abu Dhabi’s Al Wathba Wetland Reserve |url=https://gulfnews.com/uae/record-876-flamingos-hatched-in-abu-dhabis-al-wathba-wetland-reserve-1.72711336 |accessdate=2020-08-05 |author=Shehab Al Makahleh |date=2012-07-20 |work=gulfnews.com |publisher=Gulf News |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728071123/https://gulfnews.com/uae/record-876-flamingos-hatched-in-abu-dhabis-al-wathba-wetland-reserve-1.72711336 |archive-date=2020-07-28 |dead-url=no }}</ref>2013年5月,預計需耗時5年的第二機組開始施工<ref name=nei-20130529>{{Cite web|title=UAE pours first concrete for Barakah 2 - Nuclear Engineering International|url=https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newsuae-pours-first-concrete-for-barakah-2|date=2013-05-29|accessdate=2020-08-05|work=Nuclear Engineering International|language=en|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152502/https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newsuae-pours-first-concrete-for-barakah-2|dead-url=no}}</ref>;2014年9月,第三機組澆築核能反應爐的首批[[核子反應爐安全殼|安全殼]][[混凝土]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Construction starts on third Barakah unit - World Nuclear News|url=https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Construction-starts-on-Barakah-3-2509144.html|date=2014-09-25|accessdate=2020-08-05|work=World Nuclear News|language=en|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152554/https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Construction-starts-on-Barakah-3-2509144.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>;2015年9月,第四機組開始動工興建。<ref name=pt2015/><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-UAEs-fourth-power-reactor-under-construction-0209155.html |title=UAE's fourth power reactor under construction |author=<!--Staff writer(s), no by-line.--> |date=2015-09-02 |newspaper=World Nuclear News |accessdate=2015-09-02 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916153535/http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-UAEs-fourth-power-reactor-under-construction-0209155.html |archive-date=2017-09-16 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>


2011年《[[彭博社]]》報導稱,核電廠在達成詳細的融資協議後,總興建成本定為300億美元,其中包含100億[[股權]]、100億{{tsl|en|Export credit agency|輸出信用機構}}債務和100億銀行、[[公債|主權債務]],而韓國可能自銀運、維護和燃料供應合約中再獲取200億美元的收益。<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2011-11-24/u-a-e-s-plan-to-develop-nuclear-power-facilities-said-to-cost-30-billion |title=U.A.E.’s Nuclear Power Program Said to Cost $30 Billion |author=Ayesha Daya and Stefania Bianchi |work=Bloomberg Businessweek |date=2011-11-24 |accessdate=2011-11-28 |subscription=yes |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806193448/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2011-11-24/u-a-e-s-plan-to-develop-nuclear-power-facilities-said-to-cost-30-billion |archive-date=2016-08-06 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
2011年《[[彭博社]]》報導稱,核電廠在達成詳細的融資協議後,總興建成本定為300億美元,其中包含100億[[股權]]、100億{{tsl|en|Export credit agency|輸出信用機構}}債務和100億銀行、[[公債|主權債務]],而韓國可能自銀運、維護和燃料供應合約中再獲取200億美元的收益。<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2011-11-24/u-a-e-s-plan-to-develop-nuclear-power-facilities-said-to-cost-30-billion |title=U.A.E.’s Nuclear Power Program Said to Cost $30 Billion |author=Ayesha Daya and Stefania Bianchi |work=Bloomberg Businessweek |date=2011-11-24 |accessdate=2011-11-28 |subscription=yes |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806193448/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2011-11-24/u-a-e-s-plan-to-develop-nuclear-power-facilities-said-to-cost-30-billion |archive-date=2016-08-06 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
第66行: 第76行:
2020年8月1日,巴卡拉核电站第一机组正式启动运行,第二機組也已完工待啟用商轉,而第三、四機組亦即將竣工,<ref name="黃筱歡">{{Cite web|title=阿拉伯國家第一座核電廠在阿布達比,「巴拉卡核電廠」背後意義令專家擔心|url=https://www.thenewslens.com/article/138632|accessdate=2020-08-05|date=2020-08-03|editor1=黃筱歡|editor2=楊士範|work=The News Lens 關鍵評論網|language=zh-hant|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152532/https://www.thenewslens.com/article/138632|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Ivana Kottasová">{{Cite web|title=Oil-rich UAE opens the Arab world's first nuclear power plant|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/01/middleeast/nuclear-power-uae-intl/index.html|date=2020-08-01|accessdate=2020-08-05|author1=Ivana Kottasová|author2=Mohammed Tawfeeq|work=CNN|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803024226/https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/01/middleeast/nuclear-power-uae-intl/index.html|archive-date=2020-08-03|dead-url=no}}</ref>該核能發電廠成為阿拉伯地区首座投入使用的核电站,阿拉伯聯合大公國成為繼[[以色列]]和[[伊朗]]後,中東地區第3個具有核能力的國家。<ref>{{cite news|title=阿拉伯地区首座核电站启动运行|url=http://www.bjd.com.cn/a/202008/02/WS5f263d25e4b00aba04d2959a.html|editor=李拓|work=京報|publisher=央視新聞網|date=2020-08-02|accessdate=2020-08-20|language=zh-hans|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152536/http://www.bjd.com.cn/a/202008/02/WS5f263d25e4b00aba04d2959a.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Ivana Kottasová"/>阿聯核能公司[[首席執行長]]穆罕默德·易卜拉欣·哈馬迪(Mohamed Ibrahim Al Hammadi)表示反應爐的啟用對阿聯來說是一個真正具有歷史意義的時刻<ref>{{Cite web|title=突发新闻:巴拉卡核电站1号机组安全启动成功|url=https://www.wam.ae/zh-CN/details/1395302859584|date=2020-08-01|author=Fawzia Alaa|accessdate=2020-08-05|work=[[阿聯通訊社|WAM]]|language=zh-hans|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152601/https://www.wam.ae/zh-CN/details/1395302859584|dead-url=no}}</ref>,[[阿布達比酋長國]]王儲[[穆罕默德·本·扎耶德·阿勒納哈揚]]則在[[推特]]推文慶祝第一機組的啟用<ref name="黃筱歡"/>,[[國際原子能機構]]阿聯代表哈馬德·阿爾卡比(Hamad Alkaabi)亦推文表示這對提供阿聯新的潔淨能源而言是歷史性的里程碑。<ref name="廖禹揚">{{Cite web|title=阿聯巴拉卡核電廠啟動 阿拉伯世界首例|url=https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/202008010217.aspx|accessdate=2020-08-05|author=廖禹揚|date=2020-08-01|format=|publisher=中央通訊社|language=zh-hant|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802205445/https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/202008010217.aspx|archive-date=2020-08-02|dead-url=no}}</ref>
2020年8月1日,巴卡拉核电站第一机组正式启动运行,第二機組也已完工待啟用商轉,而第三、四機組亦即將竣工,<ref name="黃筱歡">{{Cite web|title=阿拉伯國家第一座核電廠在阿布達比,「巴拉卡核電廠」背後意義令專家擔心|url=https://www.thenewslens.com/article/138632|accessdate=2020-08-05|date=2020-08-03|editor1=黃筱歡|editor2=楊士範|work=The News Lens 關鍵評論網|language=zh-hant|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152532/https://www.thenewslens.com/article/138632|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Ivana Kottasová">{{Cite web|title=Oil-rich UAE opens the Arab world's first nuclear power plant|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/01/middleeast/nuclear-power-uae-intl/index.html|date=2020-08-01|accessdate=2020-08-05|author1=Ivana Kottasová|author2=Mohammed Tawfeeq|work=CNN|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803024226/https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/01/middleeast/nuclear-power-uae-intl/index.html|archive-date=2020-08-03|dead-url=no}}</ref>該核能發電廠成為阿拉伯地区首座投入使用的核电站,阿拉伯聯合大公國成為繼[[以色列]]和[[伊朗]]後,中東地區第3個具有核能力的國家。<ref>{{cite news|title=阿拉伯地区首座核电站启动运行|url=http://www.bjd.com.cn/a/202008/02/WS5f263d25e4b00aba04d2959a.html|editor=李拓|work=京報|publisher=央視新聞網|date=2020-08-02|accessdate=2020-08-20|language=zh-hans|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152536/http://www.bjd.com.cn/a/202008/02/WS5f263d25e4b00aba04d2959a.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Ivana Kottasová"/>阿聯核能公司[[首席執行長]]穆罕默德·易卜拉欣·哈馬迪(Mohamed Ibrahim Al Hammadi)表示反應爐的啟用對阿聯來說是一個真正具有歷史意義的時刻<ref>{{Cite web|title=突发新闻:巴拉卡核电站1号机组安全启动成功|url=https://www.wam.ae/zh-CN/details/1395302859584|date=2020-08-01|author=Fawzia Alaa|accessdate=2020-08-05|work=[[阿聯通訊社|WAM]]|language=zh-hans|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152601/https://www.wam.ae/zh-CN/details/1395302859584|dead-url=no}}</ref>,[[阿布達比酋長國]]王儲[[穆罕默德·本·扎耶德·阿勒納哈揚]]則在[[推特]]推文慶祝第一機組的啟用<ref name="黃筱歡"/>,[[國際原子能機構]]阿聯代表哈馬德·阿爾卡比(Hamad Alkaabi)亦推文表示這對提供阿聯新的潔淨能源而言是歷史性的里程碑。<ref name="廖禹揚">{{Cite web|title=阿聯巴拉卡核電廠啟動 阿拉伯世界首例|url=https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/202008010217.aspx|accessdate=2020-08-05|author=廖禹揚|date=2020-08-01|format=|publisher=中央通訊社|language=zh-hant|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802205445/https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/202008010217.aspx|archive-date=2020-08-02|dead-url=no}}</ref>


2020年8月19日,巴拉卡核电站第一機組首次并网发电成功<ref>{{Cite web|title=阿联酋首座核电站首次并网发电成功|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/power/2020-08/20/c_1210761244.htm|date=2020-08-20|author=蘇小坡|editor=呂愛玲|accessdate=2020-08-20|work=新華網|language=zh-hans|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152548/http://www.xinhuanet.com/power/2020-08/20/c_1210761244.htm|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=UAE connects its new nuclear power plant to electrical grid|url=https://apnews.com/071402afd54c1de44017576772401677|accessdate=2020-08-20|date=2020-08-19|work=[[美联社|AP NEWS]]|language=en|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152532/https://apnews.com/071402afd54c1de44017576772401677|dead-url=no}}</ref>,而核電廠的整體完工率也達到94%。<ref>{{Cite web|title=UAE's first reactor starts supplying power : New Nuclear|url=https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/UAEs-first-reactor-starts-supplying-power|date=2020-08-19|accessdate=2020-08-20|work=World Nuclear News|language=en|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152542/https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/UAEs-first-reactor-starts-supplying-power|dead-url=no}}</ref>
2020年8月19日,巴拉卡核电站第一機組首次并网发电成功<ref>{{Cite web|title=阿联酋首座核电站首次并网发电成功|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/power/2020-08/20/c_1210761244.htm|date=2020-08-20|author=蘇小坡|editor=呂愛玲|accessdate=2020-08-20|work=新華網|language=zh-hans|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152548/http://www.xinhuanet.com/power/2020-08/20/c_1210761244.htm|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=UAE connects its new nuclear power plant to electrical grid|url=https://apnews.com/071402afd54c1de44017576772401677|accessdate=2020-08-20|date=2020-08-19|work=[[美联社|AP NEWS]]|language=en|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152532/https://apnews.com/071402afd54c1de44017576772401677|dead-url=no}}</ref>,而核電廠的整體完工率也達到94%。<ref>{{Cite web|title=UAE's first reactor starts supplying power : New Nuclear|url=https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/UAEs-first-reactor-starts-supplying-power|date=2020-08-19|accessdate=2020-08-20|work=World Nuclear News|language=en|archive-date=2020-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820152542/https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/UAEs-first-reactor-starts-supplying-power|dead-url=no}}</ref>2021年4月1日巴拉卡核能發電廠開始商轉。<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Belgium|first=Central Office, NucNet a s b l , Brussels|title=Barakah-1 / First Commercial Nuclear Plant In Arab World Begins Operation|url=https://www.nucnet.org/news/first-commercial-nuclear-plant-in-arab-world-begins-commercial-operation-4-2-2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221105143143/https://www.nucnet.org/news/first-commercial-nuclear-plant-in-arab-world-begins-commercial-operation-4-2-2021|archive-date=2022-11-05|access-date=2023-01-16|website=The Independent Global Nuclear News Agency|language=en}}</ref>第二機組則於2022年3月24日開始商轉。<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Belgium|first=Central Office, NucNet a s b l , Brussels|title=Barakah / Unit 2 Begins Commercial Operation At Arab World’s First Nuclear Station|url=https://www.nucnet.org/news/unit-2-begins-commercial-operation-at-arab-world-s-first-nuclear-station-3-4-2022|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221105143141/https://www.nucnet.org/news/unit-2-begins-commercial-operation-at-arab-world-s-first-nuclear-station-3-4-2022|archive-date=2022-11-05|access-date=2023-01-16|website=The Independent Global Nuclear News Agency|language=en}}</ref>


=== 施工 ===
=== 施工 ===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! 機組 !! 類型 !! 動工日期 !! 啟動日期 <br/>預定)!! 來源
! 機組 !! 類型 !! 動工日期 !! 商轉日期 !! 施工時間 !! 備註
|-
|-
| 第一機組 || APR-1400 || 2012年7月19日 || ''2020''
| 第一機組 || {{tsl|en|APR-1400|APR-1400}} || 2012年7月19日 || 20214月1日<ref name=":1" /> || 9
|<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web
|<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web
| url= http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1050
| url= http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1050
第92行: 第102行:
}}</ref><ref name="WNN">{{cite news|title=Major components installed at final Barakah unit|url=http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Major-components-installed-at-final-Barakah-unit-1408177.html|accessdate=2017-08-15|work=World Nuclear News|date=2017-08-14|language=en|archive-date=2020-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200821053641/https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Major-components-installed-at-final-Barakah-unit-1408177.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
}}</ref><ref name="WNN">{{cite news|title=Major components installed at final Barakah unit|url=http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Major-components-installed-at-final-Barakah-unit-1408177.html|accessdate=2017-08-15|work=World Nuclear News|date=2017-08-14|language=en|archive-date=2020-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200821053641/https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NN-Major-components-installed-at-final-Barakah-unit-1408177.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 第二機組 || APR-1400 || 2013年4月16日 || 2022年3月24日<ref name=unit2Commercial>{{cite news | url=https://www.nucnet.org/news/unit-2-begins-commercial-operation-at-arab-world-s-first-nuclear-station-3-4-2022 | title=Barakah / Unit 2 Begins Commercial Operation At Arab World's First Nuclear Station | author=David Dalton| work=Nucnet | date=2022-03-24 | accessdate=2024-12-08 | language=en }}</ref> || 9
| 第二機組 || APR-1400 || 2013年4月16日 || ''2019年''
| <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1051 | title=Barakah 2 | date=2016-10-21 | work=PRIS | publisher=International Atomic Energy Agency | accessdate=2016-10-22 | language=en | archive-date=2016-10-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023201055/https://www.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1051 }}</ref><ref name="WNN" />
| <ref>{{cite web
| url=http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1051
| title=Barakah 2 | date= 2016-10-21 | work=PRIS | publisher=International Atomic Energy Agency
| accessdate=2016-10-22|language=en}}</ref><ref name="WNN" />
|-
|-
| 第三機組 || APR-1400 || 2014年9月24日 || 2023年2月24日<ref name="World Nuclear News">{{cite web |title= Third Barakah unit begins commercial operation |url=https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Third-Barakah-unit-begins-commercial-operation |publisher=World Nuclear News |accessdate=2023-02-26 |date=2022-02-24 |language=en}}</ref> || 9
| 第三機組 || APR-1400 || 2014年9月24日 || ''2020年''
| <ref>{{cite web | url=https://pris.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1052 | title=Barakah 3 | date= 2022-10-10 | work=PRIS | publisher=International Atomic Energy Agency | accessdate=2022-10-11 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=unit3start>{{Cite news |title=Grid connection for third Barakah unit |url=https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Grid-connection-for-third-Barakah-unit |date=2022-10-10 |access-date=2022-10-11 |work=Word Nuclear News |language=en}}</ref>
| <ref>{{cite web
| url=http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1052
| title=Barakah 3 | date= 2016-10-21 | work=PRIS | publisher=International Atomic Energy Agency
| accessdate=2016-10-22|language=en}}</ref><ref name="WNN" />
|-
|-
| 第四機組 || APR-1400 || 2015年7月30日 || 2024年9月5日<ref name="World Nuclear News 2">{{cite web |title= Barakah 4 landmark announced as World Nuclear Symposium gets under way |url=https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Barakah-4-landmark-announced-as-World-Nuclear-Symp |publisher=World Nuclear News |accessdate=2024-09-05 |date=2024-09-05 |language=en}}</ref> || 9
| 第四機組 || APR-1400 || 2015年7月30日 || ''2021年''
| <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.iaea.org/pris/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1053 | title=Barakah 4 | date=2016-10-21 | work=PRIS | publisher=International Atomic Energy Agency | accessdate=2016-10-22 | language=en | archive-date=2016-10-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023133342/https://www.iaea.org/pris/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1053 }}</ref><ref name="WNN" />
| <ref>{{cite web
| url=https://www.iaea.org/pris/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=1053
| title=Barakah 4 | date= 2016-10-21 | work=PRIS | publisher=International Atomic Energy Agency
| accessdate=2016-10-22|language=en}}</ref><ref name="WNN" />
|}
|}

=== 進度 ===
*第一機組:2018年12月全數完工;2021年4月商轉。<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.enec.gov.ae/barakah-npp/construction-program/|title=Construction Program|website=Construction Program|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-08-15}}</ref>
*第二機組:2021年4月全數完工<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2021-04-07|title=Commercial Operations Begin At Unit 1 Of Barakah Nuclear Power Plant|url=https://www.utilities-me.com/news/17068-commercial-operations-begin-at-unit-1-of-barakah-nuclear-power-plant|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607004531/https://www.utilities-me.com/news/17068-commercial-operations-begin-at-unit-1-of-barakah-nuclear-power-plant|archive-date=2021-06-07|access-date=2021-04-07|website=Utilities Middle East|language=en}}</ref>;2022年3月商轉。<ref name=unit2Commercial />
*第三機組:2021年11月全數完工<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Third-unit-completed-at-Barakah|title=Third unit completed at Barakah : New Nuclear|date=2021-11-04|access-date=2024-12-08|work=World Nuclear News|language=en}}</ref>;2023年2月商轉。<ref name="World Nuclear News"/>
*第四機組:2022年7月全數完工<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-02-26|work=World Nuclear News|date=2022-07-21|access-date=2024-12-08|title=Barakah 4 completes hot functional tests|url=https://world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Barakah-4-completes-hot-functional-tests|language=en}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>;2024年3月開始發電<ref>{{cite news |title=Fourth Barakah unit connected to grid |url=https://www.world-nuclear-news.org/Articles/Fourth-Barakah-unit-connected-to-grid |access-date=2024-04-03 |work=World Nuclear News |date=2024-03-25|language=en}}</ref>;2024年9月商轉。<ref name="World Nuclear News 2" />

== 營運 ==
2024年9月9日,阿聯和[[印度]]簽署民用核能合作的[[諒解備忘錄]]。阿布達比王儲[[謝赫 (稱號)|謝赫]]{{tsl|en|Khaled bin Mohamed Al Nahyan|哈立德·本·穆罕默德·阿勒納哈揚}}在訪問印度後,簽署由{{tsl|en|Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation|阿聯核能公司}}和{{tsl|en|Nuclear Power Corporation of India|印度核能電力公司}}共同執行的巴拉卡核電廠營運和維護協議。<ref>{{cite news |title=List of Outcomes: Official Visit of HH Sheikh Khalid bin Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, the Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi to India |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2053210 |access-date=2024-09-10 |agency=Prime Minister's Office, Government of India |publisher=Press Information Bureau |date=2024-09-09 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Bhattacherjee |first=Kallol |date=2024-09-09 |title=India, UAE sign civil nuclear energy agreement |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-uae-sign-civil-nuclear-energy-agreement/article68622952.ece |access-date=2024-09-10 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>


== 爭議 ==
== 爭議 ==
2019年3月,[[卡達]]就巴拉卡核能發電廠向[[國際原子能機構]]提出申訴,表達其對該電廠的安全性和缺乏與周圍國家和地區的合作感到擔憂,並認為該電廠對區域穩定和環境構成嚴重威脅<ref>{{Cite news|title=Exclusive: Qatar asks IAEA to intervene over 'threat' posed by UAE nuclear plant|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-qatar-emirates-nuclearpower-exclusive-idUSKCN1R120L|author1=Stanley Carvalho|author2=Geert De Clercq|editor1=Kirsten Donovan|editor2=Alexander Smith|newspaper=Reuters|date=2019-03-20|accessdate=2020-08-05|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401235111/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-qatar-emirates-nuclearpower-exclusive-idUSKCN1R120L|archive-date=2020-04-01|dead-url=no}}</ref>,而阿聯則否認巴拉卡核電廠存在安全問題,該國表示核電廠遵守[[核安全]]的最高標準。<ref>{{Cite news|title=Qatar says UAE nuclear plant is threat to regional stability|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL8N2175GH|author1=Geert De Clercq|author2=Stanley Carvalho|editor=Jason Neely|newspaper=Reuters|date=2019-03-20|accessdate=2020-08-05|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724163712/https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL8N2175GH|archive-date=2020-07-24|dead-url=no}}</ref>
2019年3月,[[卡達]]就巴拉卡核能發電廠向[[國際原子能機構]]提出申訴,表達其對該電廠的安全性和缺乏與周圍國家和地區的合作感到擔憂,並認為該電廠對區域穩定和環境構成嚴重威脅<ref>{{Cite news|title=Exclusive: Qatar asks IAEA to intervene over 'threat' posed by UAE nuclear plant|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-qatar-emirates-nuclearpower-exclusive-idUSKCN1R120L|author1=Stanley Carvalho|author2=Geert De Clercq|editor1=Kirsten Donovan|editor2=Alexander Smith|newspaper=Reuters|date=2019-03-20|accessdate=2020-08-05|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401235111/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-qatar-emirates-nuclearpower-exclusive-idUSKCN1R120L|archive-date=2020-04-01|dead-url=no}}</ref>,而阿聯則否認巴拉卡核電廠存在安全問題,表示核電廠遵守[[核安全]]的最高標準。<ref>{{Cite news|title=Qatar says UAE nuclear plant is threat to regional stability|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL8N2175GH|author1=Geert De Clercq|author2=Stanley Carvalho|editor=Jason Neely|newspaper=Reuters|date=2019-03-20|accessdate=2020-08-05|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724163712/https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL8N2175GH|archive-date=2020-07-24|dead-url=no}}</ref>


== 註釋 ==
== 註釋 ==

2024年12月8日 (日) 09:28的最新版本

巴拉卡核能發電廠
巴拉卡核能發電廠
地图
全称محطة براكة للطاقة النووية
國家/地区阿拉伯联合酋长国 阿拉伯联合酋长国
位置魯瓦斯英语Ruwais以西53公里處
坐標23°58′04″N 52°13′54″E / 23.96778°N 52.23167°E / 23.96778; 52.23167
現況運行中
始建日期第一機組:2012年7月19日
第二機組:2013年4月16日
第三機組:2014年9月24日
第四機組:2015年7月30日
啟用日期第一機組:2021年4月1日
第二機組:2022年3月24日
建造費用320億美元[1]
持有單位阿联酋核能公司英语Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation
运营单位納瓦能源公司(Nawah Energy Company)[2]
核电站
反應堆類型壓水反應堆PWR
反應堆供應商韓國電力公社
冷卻來源波斯湾
發電概況
廠牌和型號APR-1400英语APR-1400
在建机组4 × 1345 MW
熱容量4 × 3983 MWth
额定容量5600 MW
網站
https://www.enec.gov.ae/barakah-plant/
時任國際原子能機構總幹事天野之彌於2013年到訪巴拉卡核電廠

巴拉卡核能發電廠(阿拉伯语:محطة براكة للطاقة النووية‎)又譯為巴拉卡核电站,為阿拉伯联合酋长国阿拉伯半岛首座核能發電廠,也是阿拉伯世界首座商業運轉的核能發電廠,由4座APR-1400英语APR-1400核能反應爐組成,總裝機容量為5,600兆瓦(MW)[3],供應阿聯地區25%的能源需求。[4][5]位於阿布扎比達夫拉英语Al Gharbia, Abu Dhabi地區,位處波斯湾海岸線與E11公路英语E 11 road (United Arab Emirates)之間的腹地,約在魯瓦斯英语Ruwais以西約50公里處。[6]

歷史

[编辑]

2009年12月,韓國電力公社所領導的團隊以200億美元的價格贏得阿聯核能公司英语Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation的競標,兩公司合作於阿拉伯聯合大公國建立首座核能發電廠,而巴拉卡被選為廠址,並陸續建造4座APR-1400英语APR-1400核能反應爐,第一機組反應爐原計畫於2017年開始供電,但因安全及管理問題導致多次延期。[7][8][9]

2011年3月14日,核能發電廠在時任韓國總統李明博出席下舉行動工儀式,[10] 2012年7月18日下午[11],儘管在福島第一核電廠事故發生後有人提出延期,第一機組仍較原訂時間2012年底提早開始施工。[12]2013年5月,預計需耗時5年的第二機組開始施工[13];2014年9月,第三機組澆築核能反應爐的首批安全殼混凝土[14];2015年9月,第四機組開始動工興建。[3][15]

2011年《彭博社》報導稱,核電廠在達成詳細的融資協議後,總興建成本定為300億美元,其中包含100億股權、100億輸出信用機構英语Export credit agency債務和100億銀行、主權債務,而韓國可能自銀運、維護和燃料供應合約中再獲取200億美元的收益。[16]

2014年,第一機組的反應爐壓力槽自韓國運達巴拉卡並交付施工現場,而第三、四機組反應爐的現場準備工作開始。[17][18]2015年1月,第一機組反應爐的安全殼建築完工。[3]

2015年3月,阿聯核能公司向聯邦核能管理局英语Federal Authority for Nuclear Regulation申請第一、二機組的運營許可。[19]2015年9月,第四機組澆築首批混凝土,1.8萬多名人員隨後投入該機組的建設。[20]

2017年12月,反政府組織胡希運動宣稱向巴拉卡核電廠發射了一枚巡弋飛彈,但阿聯當局表示未發現任何導彈飛往阿聯。[21]

2018年3月《路透社》報導指出,核電廠的總興建成本已精簡至244億美元,但因人員培訓問題導致聯邦核能管理局拒絕授予運營許可,核電廠第一機組在2018年宣布完工後,預計延期至2019年底或2020年才可正式啟動。[22][23]2020年1月,核電廠宣布將在該年的第一季度開始填裝燃料,較原計劃的2017年8月延遲了約2.5年,聯邦核能管理局在審查報告中提出400項缺失,並要求修正各種技術、組織和管理問題。[註 1][24]

2020年2月,聯邦核能管理局批准第一機組的運營許可[6][25];同年3月,阿聯核能公司宣布完成第一機組的燃料填裝工作,將在開始供電前對系統進行測試。[26]

2020年8月1日,巴卡拉核电站第一机组正式启动运行,第二機組也已完工待啟用商轉,而第三、四機組亦即將竣工,[27][28]該核能發電廠成為阿拉伯地区首座投入使用的核电站,阿拉伯聯合大公國成為繼以色列伊朗後,中東地區第3個具有核能力的國家。[29][28]阿聯核能公司首席執行長穆罕默德·易卜拉欣·哈馬迪(Mohamed Ibrahim Al Hammadi)表示反應爐的啟用對阿聯來說是一個真正具有歷史意義的時刻[30]阿布達比酋長國王儲穆罕默德·本·扎耶德·阿勒納哈揚則在推特推文慶祝第一機組的啟用[27]國際原子能機構阿聯代表哈馬德·阿爾卡比(Hamad Alkaabi)亦推文表示這對提供阿聯新的潔淨能源而言是歷史性的里程碑。[2]

2020年8月19日,巴拉卡核电站第一機組首次并网发电成功[31][32],而核電廠的整體完工率也達到94%。[33]2021年4月1日巴拉卡核能發電廠開始商轉。[34]第二機組則於2022年3月24日開始商轉。[35]

施工

[编辑]
機組 類型 動工日期 商轉日期 施工時間(年) 備註
第一機組 APR-1400英语APR-1400 2012年7月19日 2021年4月1日[34] 9 [9][36][37][38]
第二機組 APR-1400 2013年4月16日 2022年3月24日[39] 9 [40][38]
第三機組 APR-1400 2014年9月24日 2023年2月24日[41] 9 [42][43]
第四機組 APR-1400 2015年7月30日 2024年9月5日[44] 9 [45][38]

進度

[编辑]
  • 第一機組:2018年12月全數完工;2021年4月商轉。[46]
  • 第二機組:2021年4月全數完工[47];2022年3月商轉。[39]
  • 第三機組:2021年11月全數完工[48];2023年2月商轉。[41]
  • 第四機組:2022年7月全數完工[49];2024年3月開始發電[50];2024年9月商轉。[44]

營運

[编辑]

2024年9月9日,阿聯和印度簽署民用核能合作的諒解備忘錄。阿布達比王儲謝赫哈立德·本·穆罕默德·阿勒納哈揚英语Khaled bin Mohamed Al Nahyan在訪問印度後,簽署由阿聯核能公司英语Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation印度核能電力公司英语Nuclear Power Corporation of India共同執行的巴拉卡核電廠營運和維護協議。[51][52]

爭議

[编辑]

2019年3月,卡達就巴拉卡核能發電廠向國際原子能機構提出申訴,表達其對該電廠的安全性和缺乏與周圍國家和地區的合作感到擔憂,並認為該電廠對區域穩定和環境構成嚴重威脅[53],而阿聯則否認巴拉卡核電廠存在安全問題,並表示核電廠遵守核安全的最高標準。[54]

註釋

[编辑]
  1. ^ 第一機組原預計在2017年8月開始填裝燃料,阿聯核能公司以加強人員培訓和有足夠時間進行國際評估為由延期至2018年5月,之後因未能通過聯邦核能管理局的審查而再次被推遲至2020年。[24]

參考文獻

[编辑]
  1. ^ Barakah Nuclear Power Plant. Power Technology. 2020-04-09 [2024-09-13]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-30) (英语). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 廖禹揚. 阿聯巴拉卡核電廠啟動 阿拉伯世界首例. 中央通訊社. 2020-08-01 [2020-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-02) (中文(繁體)). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Barakah Nuclear Power Plant, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Power Technology. 2015 [2015-08-01]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-20) (英语). 
  4. ^ UAE completes construction of Barakah 2 : New Nuclear - World Nuclear News. World Nuclear News. 2020-07-15 [2020-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-20) (英语). 
  5. ^ UAE starts up Arab world's first nuclear plant. BBC News. 2020-08-02 [2020-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-03) (英国英语). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Khitam Al Amir. UAE: Mohamed Bin Zayed visits Barakah Nuclear Power Plant. Gulf News. 2020-06-11 [2020-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2020-06-28) (英语). 
  7. ^ South Korea wins nuclear contract. BBC News. 2009-12-27 [2020-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2018-10-11) (英国英语). 
  8. ^ Quarter of UAE's power from nuclear energy by 2020. Emirates 24/7. Dubai Media. 2011-03-17 [2011-03-22]. (原始内容存档于2011-03-21) (英语). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Samir Salama. Barakah plant delay sets back clean energy target. Gulf News. 2019-02-19 [2020-08-04]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-20) (英语). 
  10. ^ Yoo Ji-hae. Pres. Lee Attends Groundbreaking Ceremony for UAE's Nuclear Plant. Arirang TV. 2011-03-14 [2020-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2012-10-06) (英语). 
  11. ^ Construction under way at Barakah - World Nuclear News. World Nuclear News. 2012-07-19 [2020-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-20) (英语). 
  12. ^ Shehab Al Makahleh. Record 876 flamingos hatched in Abu Dhabi’s Al Wathba Wetland Reserve. gulfnews.com. Gulf News. 2012-07-20 [2020-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-28) (英语). 
  13. ^ UAE pours first concrete for Barakah 2 - Nuclear Engineering International. Nuclear Engineering International. 2013-05-29 [2020-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-20) (英语). 
  14. ^ Construction starts on third Barakah unit - World Nuclear News. World Nuclear News. 2014-09-25 [2020-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-20) (英语). 
  15. ^ UAE's fourth power reactor under construction. World Nuclear News. 2015-09-02 [2015-09-02]. (原始内容存档于2017-09-16) (英语). 
  16. ^ Ayesha Daya and Stefania Bianchi. U.A.E.’s Nuclear Power Program Said to Cost $30 Billion需要付费订阅. Bloomberg Businessweek. 2011-11-24 [2011-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2016-08-06) (英语). 
  17. ^ Barakah 1 reactor vessel delivered. World Nuclear News. 2014-05-30 [2015-03-10]. (原始内容存档于2016-08-01) (英语). 
  18. ^ Work to start on third and fourth Barakah units. World Nuclear News. 2014-02-12 [2015-03-10]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-21) (英语). 
  19. ^ UAE's ENEC submits plan to run first two nuclear reactors. Arabian Business. 2015-03-28 [2015-04-05]. (原始内容存档于2018-11-16) (英语). 
  20. ^ UAE's fourth power reactor under construction. World Nuclear News. 2015-09-02 [2015-09-17]. (原始内容存档于2017-09-16) (英语). 
  21. ^ Sami Aboudi. Mark Potter , 编. UPDATE 1-Yemen's Houthi group says fires missile toward Abu Dhabi nuclear reactor. Reuters. 2017-12-03 [2020-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2018-12-23) (英语). 
  22. ^ Stanley Carvalho; Geert De Clercq. Jason Neely , 编. Exclusive: Arab world's first nuclear reactor delayed again over training - sources. Reuters. 2018-03-22 [2020-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-20) (英语). 
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  24. ^ 24.0 24.1 Fuel loading at Barakah nuclear plant expected in Q1 - Nuclear Engineering International. Nuclear Engineering International. 2020-01-09 [2020-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2020-06-09) (英语). 
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外部連結

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