阿列克谢·柯西金:修订间差异
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| 1 = zh-tw:柯錫金; zh-cn:柯西金; zh-hk:柯西金; |
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{{More footnotes needed|time=2024-09-15T14:07:44+00:00}} |
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{{Infobox Officeholder |
{{Infobox Officeholder |
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| name = 阿列克謝 |
| name = 阿列克謝·柯西金<br/>{{nobold|Алексей Косыгин}} |
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| image = |
| image = File:05.11.1966._Kossiguine_à_Toulouse._(1966)_-_53Fi3436_(cropped).jpg |
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| nationality = {{USSR}} |
| nationality = {{USSR}} |
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| ethnicity = |
| ethnicity = |
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| imagesize = |
| imagesize = |
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| caption = |
| caption = |
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| office = {{USSR}}[[部长会议主席]] |
| office = {{USSR}}[[苏联部长会议主席|部长会议主席]] |
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| term_start = 1964年10月15日 |
| term_start = 1964年10月15日 |
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| term_end = 1980年10月23日 |
| term_end = 1980年10月23日 |
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| deputy = |
| deputy = |
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| leader = [[勃列日涅夫]] |
| leader = [[勃列日涅夫]] |
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| predecessor = [[尼基塔 |
| predecessor = [[尼基塔·赫魯曉夫]] |
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| successor = [[尼古拉·吉洪诺夫]] |
| successor = [[尼古拉·吉洪诺夫]] |
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| office2 = {{USSR}}[[ |
| office2 = {{USSR}}[[蘇聯部長會議第一副主席|部長會議第一副主席]] |
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|title2= |
| title2 = |
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{{Collapsible list |
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|title=[[苏联总理|第一副总理]] |
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|[[德米特里·乌斯季诺夫]] |
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|基里尔·马佐罗夫 |
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|[[德米特里·斯捷潘诺维奇·波利扬斯基]] |
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|[[尼古拉·吉洪诺夫]]}} |
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| term_start2 = {{dts|1960|5|4}} |
| term_start2 = {{dts|1960|5|4}} |
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| term_end2 = {{dts|1964|10|15}} |
| term_end2 = {{dts|1964|10|15}} |
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| premier2 = [[尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫]] |
| premier2 = [[尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫]] |
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| predecessor2 = [[ |
| predecessor2 = [[弗羅爾·科茲洛夫]] |
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| successor2 = [[德米特里·乌斯季诺夫]] |
| successor2 = [[德米特里·乌斯季诺夫]] |
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| birth_date = {{birth date|1904|2|21|df=y}} |
| birth_date = {{birth date|1904|2|21|df=y}} |
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| death_date = {{death date and age|1980|12|18|1904|2|21|df=y}} |
| death_date = {{death date and age|1980|12|18|1904|2|21|df=y}} |
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| death_place = {{USSR}}[[莫斯科]] |
| death_place = {{USSR}}[[莫斯科]] |
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| party = {{ |
| party = {{CPSU}} |
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| profession = [[教师]]<br>[[公务员]] |
| profession = [[教师]]<br>[[公务员]] |
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| religion = |
| religion = |
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| signature = |
| signature = |
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| footnotes = |
| footnotes = |
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| allegiance = {{flag|Soviet Union}}[[俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国|俄罗斯苏维埃]] |
| allegiance = {{flag|Soviet Union}}[[俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国|俄罗斯苏维埃]] |
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| branch = [[苏联红军]] |
| branch = [[苏联红军]] |
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| spouse = 克 |
| spouse = 克拉夫季娅(1967年卒) |
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| serviceyears = 1919年–1921年 |
| serviceyears = 1919年–1921年 |
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| rank = [[征兵]] |
| rank = [[征兵]] |
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| commands = [[苏联红军]] |
| commands = [[苏联红军]] |
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| battles = [[俄国内战]] |
| battles = [[俄国内战]] |
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| awards = {{{!}} style="background:transparent" |
| awards = {{{!}} style="background:transparent" |
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{{!}} {{社会主义劳动英雄}}{{!}}{{!}}{{社会主义劳动英雄}} |
{{!}} {{社会主义劳动英雄}}{{!}}{{!}}{{社会主义劳动英雄}} |
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{{!}}} |
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|}} |
|}} |
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'''阿列克谢·尼古拉耶维奇·柯西金'''({{lang-ru| |
'''阿列克谢·尼古拉耶维奇·柯西金'''({{lang-ru|Алексей Николаевич Косыгин|Aleksey Nikolayevich Kosygin}};{{bd|1904年|2月21日|1980年|12月18日|catIdx=K柯西金}}),[[蘇聯]]政治人物,1964年10月15日—1980年10月23日任[[蘇聯部長會議主席]](又稱[[蘇聯總理]]),任期長達16年,是[[蘇聯歷史]]上任期最長的總理,也是[[蘇聯最高領導人]][[勃列日涅夫]]任內最重要的副手之一<ref>{{Cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YAd8efHdVzIC&pg=PA591&dq=Alexei+Nikolayevich+Kosygin&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjszuLZpLHWAhVBYpoKHS5ZA3wQ6AEITzAJ#v=onepage&q=Alexei%2520Nikolayevich%2520Kosygin&f=false |chapter=Kosygin, Alexei |title=The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Political, Social, and Military History [4 volumes]: A Political, Social, and Military History |last=Tucker |first=Spencer C. |last2=Roberts |first2=Priscilla |date=2008-05-12 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=9781851098422 |language=en |access-date=2020-05-11 |archive-date=2020-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725024948/https://books.google.com/books?id=YAd8efHdVzIC&pg=PA591&dq=Alexei+Nikolayevich+Kosygin&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjszuLZpLHWAhVBYpoKHS5ZA3wQ6AEITzAJ#v=onepage&q=Alexei%2520Nikolayevich%2520Kosygin&f=false }}</ref>。 |
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== |
==早年== |
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⚫ | |||
[[Image:Glassboro-meeting1967.jpg|thumb|right|250px|苏联总理[[阿列克谢·柯西金]]和美国总统[[林登·约翰逊]]在1967年[[葛拉斯堡罗峰会]]上]] |
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⚫ | |||
== 政治生涯 == |
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1938年,柯西金出任列宁格勒人民委员会主席(相当于市长)。 |
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1939年,柯西金进入[[苏联共产党中央委员会]],并担任苏联中央政府纺织人民委员(相当于部长)。1940年,柯西金被任命为人民委员会(即[[苏联部长会议]]的前身)副主席,主管消费品生产工作。1943年起,他还兼任[[俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国]]部长会议主席。 |
1939年,柯西金进入[[苏联共产党中央委员会]],并担任苏联中央政府纺织人民委员(相当于部长)。1940年,柯西金被任命为人民委员会(即[[苏联部长会议]]的前身)副主席,主管消费品生产工作。1943年起,他还兼任[[俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国]]部长会议主席。 |
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1946年,柯西金成为[[苏联共产党中央政治局]]候补委员,1948年成为政治局正式委员。 |
1946年,柯西金成为[[苏联共产党中央政治局]]候补委员,1948年成为政治局正式委员。 |
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1964年,隨著[[勃列日涅夫]]發動政變,推翻[[赫鲁晓夫]],赫鲁晓夫下台后,[[勃列日涅夫]]继任[[苏共中央第一书记]],而柯西金接任[[苏联部长会议主席]]一职,1965年、1969年两次访问中国。直到1980年去世前夕方才卸任。 |
1964年,隨著[[勃列日涅夫]]發動政變,推翻[[赫鲁晓夫]],赫鲁晓夫下台后,[[勃列日涅夫]]继任[[苏共中央第一书记]],而柯西金接任[[苏联部长会议主席]]一职,1965年、1969年两次访问中国。1967年访问美国,与美国总统约翰逊在[[葛拉斯堡罗峰会]]在会谈,促进两国关系的改善。柯西金直到1980年去世前夕方才卸任。 |
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==轶闻== |
==轶闻== |
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[[珍宝岛 |
[[珍宝岛事件]]之后,苏联总理柯西金通过中苏之间多年不用的[[熱線]],要求同[[毛泽东]]、[[周恩来]]通话,但是中方的电话[[接线员]],以柯西金“是个大叛徒,是个大坏蛋,是个赫鲁晓夫分子。没有资格同毛主席讲话”为由,拒绝转接电话。柯西金最终未能与毛泽东、周恩来通话<ref>{{Cite journal|title=从称谓“魔杖”管窥中国政要心迹及中国社会规则(下之 1) ── 《晚年周恩来》、《毛泽东私人医生回忆录》、《毛家湾纪实》、 《国家的囚徒》、《大红灯笼高高挂》等禁域 · 深宫话语联析|author=夏刚|url=http://www.ritsumei.ac.jp/ir/isaru/assets/file/journal/24-2_02Ka.pdf|journal=立命館国際研究|year=2011|access-date=2021-04-14|archive-date=2021-04-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414131914/http://www.ritsumei.ac.jp/ir/isaru/assets/file/journal/24-2_02Ka.pdf}}</ref>。 |
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==參考文獻== |
==參考文獻== |
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* {{cite book | author = Society for Contemporary Studies | title = The Contemporary | ref = CITEREFSociety_for_Contemporary_Studies1979 | volume = 23 | publisher = R.N. Guha Thakurta for Contemporary Journals Ltd | year = 1979 |location= New Delhi | oclc = 1606812 }} |
* {{cite book | author = Society for Contemporary Studies | title = The Contemporary | ref = CITEREFSociety_for_Contemporary_Studies1979 | volume = 23 | publisher = R.N. Guha Thakurta for Contemporary Journals Ltd | year = 1979 |location= New Delhi | oclc = 1606812 }} |
||
* {{cite book | author = van Dijk, Ruud | title = Encyclopedia of the Cold War | ref = CITEREFvan_Dijk2008 | edition = 1st | volume = 2 | publisher = Routledge | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-0415975155 }} |
* {{cite book | author = van Dijk, Ruud | title = Encyclopedia of the Cold War | ref = CITEREFvan_Dijk2008 | edition = 1st | volume = 2 | publisher = Routledge | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-0415975155 }} |
||
* {{cite book | author = Wesson, Robert G. | title = Lenin's Legacy: The Story of the CPSU | location = Stanford, Calif| publisher = [[胡佛研究所|Hoover Press]] | year = 1978 | isbn = 978-0817969226 | ref = CITEREFWesson1978 }} |
* {{cite book | author = Wesson, Robert G. | title = Lenin's Legacy: The Story of the CPSU | url = https://archive.org/details/leninslegacystor0000wess | location = Stanford, Calif| publisher = [[胡佛研究所|Hoover Press]] | year = 1978 | isbn = 978-0817969226 | ref = CITEREFWesson1978 }} |
||
* {{Cite book | author = Zemtsov, Ilya | title = Chernenko: The Last Bolshevik: The Soviet Union on the Eve of Perestroika | location = | publisher = |
* {{Cite book | author = Zemtsov, Ilya | title = Chernenko: The Last Bolshevik: The Soviet Union on the Eve of Perestroika | url = https://archive.org/details/chernenkolastbol00zemt | location = | publisher = {{tsl|en|Transaction Publishers||Transaction Publishers}} | year = 1989 | isbn = 978-0887382604 | ref = CITEREFZemtsov1989 }} |
||
* {{cite book | author = Zubok, Vladislav Martinovich | title = A Failed Empire: the Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev | publisher = |
* {{cite book | author = Zubok, Vladislav Martinovich | title = A Failed Empire: the Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev | url = https://archive.org/details/failedempiresovi00zubo | publisher = {{tsl|en|UNC Press||UNC Press}} | year = 2007 | ref = CITEREFZubok2007 | isbn = 978-0807830987 }} |
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{{refend}} |
{{refend}} |
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==參見== |
==參見== |
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*{{link-ru|聖彼得堡工業技術與設計大學|Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет промышленных технологий и дизайна|列寧格勒紡織學校}} |
*{{link-ru|聖彼得堡工業技術與設計大學|Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет промышленных технологий и дизайна|列寧格勒紡織學校}} |
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==參考== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==外部連結== |
==外部連結== |
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* {{Commons category inline}} |
* {{Commons category inline}} |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080325073546/http://www.redstar.ru/2007/04/25_04/5_05.html М. Антонов. Цена реформаторства // Красная звезда, 25 Апреля 2007 года] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080325073546/http://www.redstar.ru/2007/04/25_04/5_05.html М. Антонов. Цена реформаторства // Красная звезда, 25 Апреля 2007 года] |
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* [http://m-antonov.chat.ru/capital/ant_glava_7.htm Михаил АНТОНОВ. РЕФОРМА ЛИБЕРМАНА — КОСЫГИНА — «РЕВОЛЮЦИЯ ОБЫВАТЕЛЕЙ»] |
* [http://m-antonov.chat.ru/capital/ant_glava_7.htm Михаил АНТОНОВ. РЕФОРМА ЛИБЕРМАНА — КОСЫГИНА — «РЕВОЛЮЦИЯ ОБЫВАТЕЛЕЙ»] {{Wayback|url=http://m-antonov.chat.ru/capital/ant_glava_7.htm |date=20210224131925 }} |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050119075906/http://whoiswho.ru/russian/Password/journals/11998/KOSYGINR.HTM Судьба наркома: Неизвестный премьер // КТО есть КТО, № 1 1998] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050119075906/http://whoiswho.ru/russian/Password/journals/11998/KOSYGINR.HTM Судьба наркома: Неизвестный премьер // КТО есть КТО, № 1 1998] |
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* [http://www.rg.ru/2003/08/24/NeizvestnyjKosygin.html О драматических страницах жизни советского премьера рассказывает его внучка Т. Гвишиани-Косыгина // РГ] |
* [http://www.rg.ru/2003/08/24/NeizvestnyjKosygin.html О драматических страницах жизни советского премьера рассказывает его внучка Т. Гвишиани-Косыгина // РГ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.rg.ru/2003/08/24/NeizvestnyjKosygin.html |date=20200924144747 }} |
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* [http://www.pravda.ru/society/fashion/models/47012-kosygin-0 Алексей Гвишиани: «Не надо жалеть Косыгина!» // Правда. Ру] |
* [http://www.pravda.ru/society/fashion/models/47012-kosygin-0 Алексей Гвишиани: «Не надо жалеть Косыгина!» // Правда. Ру] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pravda.ru/society/fashion/models/47012-kosygin-0 |date=20091213135114 }} |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180103072534/http://www.lsg.ru/index.php?page=histore&art=1587 Тайны истории: Премьер СССР Алексей Косыгин] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180103072534/http://www.lsg.ru/index.php?page=histore&art=1587 Тайны истории: Премьер СССР Алексей Косыгин] |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070527074112/http://vif2ne.ru/nvz/forum/archive/179/179300.htm О «Косыгинских реформах» (выдержки из книги Андриянова)] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070527074112/http://vif2ne.ru/nvz/forum/archive/179/179300.htm О «Косыгинских реформах» (выдержки из книги Андриянова)] |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926225423/http://vif2ne.ru/nvz/forum/archive/179/179302.htm О Косыгинской автомобильной политике (выдержки из книги Андриянова)] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926225423/http://vif2ne.ru/nvz/forum/archive/179/179302.htm О Косыгинской автомобильной политике (выдержки из книги Андриянова)] |
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* [http://www.hist.msu.ru/Labs/Ecohist/OB8/slavkina.htm Социальные аспекты «косыгинской» реформы середины 1960—70-х годов.] |
* [http://www.hist.msu.ru/Labs/Ecohist/OB8/slavkina.htm Социальные аспекты «косыгинской» реформы середины 1960—70-х годов.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.hist.msu.ru/Labs/Ecohist/OB8/slavkina.htm |date=20181112183836 }} |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180103072534/http://rosvesty.ru/1947/interes/5389-aleksei-kosigin-politik-ili-tehnokrat/ статья «Алексей Косыгин: политик или технократ», «Российские вести»] |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180103072534/http://rosvesty.ru/1947/interes/5389-aleksei-kosigin-politik-ili-tehnokrat/ статья «Алексей Косыгин: политик или технократ», «Российские вести»] |
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2024年12月21日 (六) 14:23的最新版本
阿列克謝·柯西金 Алексей Косыгин | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
苏联部长会议主席 | ||||||||||||||
任期 1964年10月15日—1980年10月23日 | ||||||||||||||
领袖 | 勃列日涅夫 | |||||||||||||
前任 | 尼基塔·赫魯曉夫 | |||||||||||||
继任 | 尼古拉·吉洪诺夫 | |||||||||||||
苏联部長會議第一副主席 | ||||||||||||||
任期 1960年5月4日—1964年10月15日 | ||||||||||||||
总理 | 尼基塔·赫鲁晓夫 | |||||||||||||
前任 | 弗羅爾·科茲洛夫 | |||||||||||||
继任 | 德米特里·乌斯季诺夫 | |||||||||||||
个人资料 | ||||||||||||||
出生 | 俄罗斯帝国圣彼得堡 | 1904年2月21日|||||||||||||
逝世 | 1980年12月18日 苏联莫斯科 | (76歲)|||||||||||||
国籍 | 苏联 | |||||||||||||
政党 | 苏联共产党 | |||||||||||||
配偶 | 克拉夫季娅(1967年卒) | |||||||||||||
专业 | 教师 公务员 | |||||||||||||
获奖 |
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军事背景 | ||||||||||||||
效忠 | 苏联俄罗斯苏维埃 | |||||||||||||
服役 | 苏联红军 | |||||||||||||
服役时间 | 1919年–1921年 | |||||||||||||
军衔 | 征兵 | |||||||||||||
指挥 | 苏联红军 | |||||||||||||
参战 | 俄国内战 |
阿列克谢·尼古拉耶维奇·柯西金(俄语:Алексей Николаевич Косыгин,羅馬化:Aleksey Nikolayevich Kosygin;1904年2月21日—1980年12月18日),蘇聯政治人物,1964年10月15日—1980年10月23日任蘇聯部長會議主席(又稱蘇聯總理),任期長達16年,是蘇聯歷史上任期最長的總理,也是蘇聯最高領導人勃列日涅夫任內最重要的副手之一[1]。
早年
[编辑]柯西金1919年加入苏联红军,参加了俄罗斯内战。战后,柯西金被送往列宁格勒接受培训,其后赴西伯利亚工作,1927年加入苏联共产党。1930年代,柯西金进入列寧格勒紡織學校学习,毕业后成为当地一家纺织厂厂长。
政治生涯
[编辑]1938年,柯西金出任列宁格勒人民委员会主席(相当于市长)。
1939年,柯西金进入苏联共产党中央委员会,并担任苏联中央政府纺织人民委员(相当于部长)。1940年,柯西金被任命为人民委员会(即苏联部长会议的前身)副主席,主管消费品生产工作。1943年起,他还兼任俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国部长会议主席。
1946年,柯西金成为苏联共产党中央政治局候补委员,1948年成为政治局正式委员。
1964年,隨著勃列日涅夫發動政變,推翻赫鲁晓夫,赫鲁晓夫下台后,勃列日涅夫继任苏共中央第一书记,而柯西金接任苏联部长会议主席一职,1965年、1969年两次访问中国。1967年访问美国,与美国总统约翰逊在葛拉斯堡罗峰会在会谈,促进两国关系的改善。柯西金直到1980年去世前夕方才卸任。
轶闻
[编辑]珍宝岛事件之后,苏联总理柯西金通过中苏之间多年不用的熱線,要求同毛泽东、周恩来通话,但是中方的电话接线员,以柯西金“是个大叛徒,是个大坏蛋,是个赫鲁晓夫分子。没有资格同毛主席讲话”为由,拒绝转接电话。柯西金最终未能与毛泽东、周恩来通话[2]。
參考文獻
[编辑]- Андриянов В. И. Косыгин. Серия: Жизнь замечательных людей: Серия биографий. — М.: Молодая гвардия, 2003. — 368 с. — ISBN 5-235-02623-3. (俄文)
- Гвишиани А. Д. Феномен Косыгина. Записки внука. Мнения современников. — М.: Фонд культуры «Екатерина», 2004. — 312 с. — ISBN 5-86863-191-9. (俄文)
- Большая Советская энциклопедия (俄文)
- Dicţionarul Enciclopedic Român,Editura Politică, Bucureşti, 1965, vol.3, p. 37
- Енчиклопедия Советикэ Молдовеняскэ, вол.3. Кишинэу, п.462, 1972 (Enciclopedia Sovietică Moldovenească,vol.3, Chişinău, p. 462, 1972) (俄文)
- Le Robert Micro Poche, Dicorobest Inc, 1990.
- Большой Российский Энциклопедический словарь. Золотой фонд. Репринтное издание, М. Научное изд-во Большая Российская Энциклопедия, 2009. (俄文)
- Энциклопедия АИФ. Издание АСТ, Астрель, 2010—2011. (俄文)
- Brown, Archie. The Rise & Fall of Communism. London: Bodley Head. 2009. ISBN 978-0-224-07879-5.
- Bacon, Edwin; Sandle, Mark. Brezhnev Reconsidered. 帕爾格雷夫·麥米倫. 2002. ISBN 978-0333794630.
- Bothwell, Robert; Granatstein J.L. Pirouette: Pierre Trudeau and Canadian Foreign Policy. University of Toronto Press. 1991. ISBN 978-0802057808.
- Central Asian Research Centre. USSR and Third World 8. Indiana University: Central Asian Research Centre. 1979.
- Chauhan, Sharad. Inside CIA: Lessons in Intelligence. APH Publishing. 2004. ISBN 9788176486606.
- Colman, Jonathan. A 'special relationship'?: Harold Wilson, Lyndon B. Johnson and Anglo-American relations 'at the summit', 1964–68. Manchester University Press. 2004. ISBN 0719070104.
- Coughlin, Con. Saddam: His Rise and Fall. Harper Perennial. 2005. ISBN 978-0060505431.
- Daniels, Robert Vincent. A Documentary history of Communism in Russia: from Lenin to Gorbachev 3rd. UPNE. 1993. ISBN 978-0874516166.
- Daniels, Robert Vincent. The End of the Communist Revolution. 勞特利奇. 1993. ISBN 978-0415061506.
- Dannenberg, Julia von. The Foundations of Ostpolitik: The Making of the Moscow Treaty between West Germany and the USSR. 牛津大學出版社. 2008. ISBN 0199228191.
- Dellenbrant, Jan Åke. The Soviet Regional Dilemma: Planning, People, and Natural Resources. M.E. Sharpe. 1986. ISBN 978-0873323840.
- Elliott, Gregory; Lewin, Moshe. The Soviet Century. London; New York: 维索图书. 2005. ISBN 978-1844670161.
- Ellman, Michael. Socialist Planning 2nd. 劍橋大學出版社. 1989. ISBN 978-0521358668.
- Gibbons, William. The U.S. Government and the Vietnam War: Executive and Legislative Roles and Relationships, Part IV: July 1965 – January 1968. 普林斯頓大學出版社. 1995. ISBN 978-0691006352.
- Harrison, Selig S.; Cordovez, Diego. Out of Afghanistan: the Inside Story of the Soviet Withdrawal. New York: 牛津大學出版社. 1995. ISBN 978-0195062946.
- Law, David A. Russian Civilization. New York: Ardent Media. 1975. ASIN B003RXSA90.
- Mawdsley, Evan; White, Stephen. The Soviet Elite from Lenin to Gorbachev: The Central Committee and Its Members, 1917–1991. 牛津大學出版社. 2000. ISBN 978-0198297383.
- Medvedev, Zhores; Medvedvev, Roy. The Unknown Stalin. London: I.B. Tauris. 2006. ISBN 978-1585675029.
- Moss, Walter. A History of Russia: Since 1855. London: Anthem Press. 2005. ISBN 978-1-84331-034-1.
- Robbins, James. This Time We Win: Revisiting the Tet Offensive. Encounter Books. 2010. ISBN 978-1594032295.
- Rutland, Peter. The Myth of the Plan: Lessons of Soviet Planning Experience. 泰勒-弗朗西斯. 1985. ISBN 978-0812690057.
- Safire, William. Before the Fall: An Inside View of the Pre-Watergate White House. Da Capo Press. 1988. ISBN 978-0-306-80334-5.
- Saikal, Amin. Modern Afghanistan: a History of Struggle and Survival. I.B. Tauris. 2006. ISBN 978-1850434375.
- Service, Robert. The Penguin History of Modern Russia: From Tsarism to the Twenty-first Century 3rd. Penguin Books Ltd. 2003. ISBN 978-0141037974.
- Society for Contemporary Studies. The Contemporary 23. New Delhi: R.N. Guha Thakurta for Contemporary Journals Ltd. 1979. OCLC 1606812.
- van Dijk, Ruud. Encyclopedia of the Cold War 2 1st. Routledge. 2008. ISBN 978-0415975155.
- Wesson, Robert G. Lenin's Legacy: The Story of the CPSU. Stanford, Calif: Hoover Press. 1978. ISBN 978-0817969226.
- Zemtsov, Ilya. Chernenko: The Last Bolshevik: The Soviet Union on the Eve of Perestroika. Transaction Publishers. 1989. ISBN 978-0887382604.
- Zubok, Vladislav Martinovich. A Failed Empire: the Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev. UNC Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0807830987.
參見
[编辑]參考
[编辑]- ^ Tucker, Spencer C.; Roberts, Priscilla. Kosygin, Alexei. The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Political, Social, and Military History [4 volumes]: A Political, Social, and Military History. ABC-CLIO. 2008-05-12 [2020-05-11]. ISBN 9781851098422. (原始内容存档于2020-07-25) (英语).
- ^ 夏刚. 从称谓“魔杖”管窥中国政要心迹及中国社会规则(下之 1) ── 《晚年周恩来》、《毛泽东私人医生回忆录》、《毛家湾纪实》、 《国家的囚徒》、《大红灯笼高高挂》等禁域 · 深宫话语联析 (PDF). 立命館国際研究. 2011 [2021-04-14]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-04-14).
外部連結
[编辑]- 维基共享资源上的相關多媒體資源:阿列克谢·柯西金
- М. Антонов. Цена реформаторства // Красная звезда, 25 Апреля 2007 года
- Михаил АНТОНОВ. РЕФОРМА ЛИБЕРМАНА — КОСЫГИНА — «РЕВОЛЮЦИЯ ОБЫВАТЕЛЕЙ» (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Судьба наркома: Неизвестный премьер // КТО есть КТО, № 1 1998
- О драматических страницах жизни советского премьера рассказывает его внучка Т. Гвишиани-Косыгина // РГ (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Алексей Гвишиани: «Не надо жалеть Косыгина!» // Правда. Ру (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Тайны истории: Премьер СССР Алексей Косыгин
- О «Косыгинских реформах» (выдержки из книги Андриянова)
- О Косыгинской автомобильной политике (выдержки из книги Андриянова)
- Социальные аспекты «косыгинской» реформы середины 1960—70-х годов. (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- статья «Алексей Косыгин: политик или технократ», «Российские вести»
前任: 尼基塔·赫魯曉夫 |
苏联部长会议主席
1964-1980 |
继任: 尼古拉·吉洪诺夫 |
- 社會主義勞動英雄
- 列寧勳章獲得者
- 十月革命勳章獲得者
- 紅旗勳章獲得者
- 保卫列宁格勒奖章获得者
- 保卫莫斯科奖章获得者
- 1904年出生
- 1980年逝世
- 冷戰時期領袖
- 蘇聯部長會議主席
- 蘇聯部長會議第一副主席
- 蘇聯財政部長
- 蘇聯政治人物
- 俄羅斯蘇維埃聯邦社會主義共和國部長會議主席
- 蘇聯共產黨中央政治局委員
- 蘇聯共產黨黨員
- 蘇聯工程師
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