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Steam:修订间差异

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{{NoteTA
{{Refimprove|time=2021-08-28T04:53:45+00:00}}
{{请求翻译|time=2016-02-11T13:12:35+00:00}}
{{noteTA
|G1 = IT
|G1 = IT
|G2 = Games
|G2 = Games
|G3 = HalfLife
|G3 = HalfLife
|1 = zh-tw:顫慄時空2; zh-cn:半條命2;
|1 = zh-tw:顫慄時空2; zh-cn:半條命2;
|2 = zh-tw:元件; zh-cn:組件;
|3 = zh-tw:維爾福; zh-cn:威尔乌; zh-hk:活閥; zh-hans:维尔福;
|3 = zh-tw:維爾福; zh-cn:威尔乌; zh-hk:活閥; zh-hans:维尔福;
|4 = zh-tw:默認; zh-cn:默认; zh-hk:預設;
|6 = zh-tw:契約; zh-cn:合同;
}}
}}
{{Infobox software
{{Infobox software
|logo=Steam 2016 logo black.svg
| name = Steam
| logo = Steam icon logo.svg
|screenshot=Steam.png
|caption=运行于[[Windows 10]]的Steam客户端
| screenshot = [[File:Steam.png|250px]]
|screenshot size=250px
| caption = 运行于[[Windows 10]]的Steam客户端
|developer=[[Valve]]
| collapsible =
|released={{Start date and age|2003|09|12}}
| author = [[维尔福|Valve]]
|platform={{Br separated entries|[[Microsoft Windows]]|[[MacOS]]|[[Linux]]|[[iOS]]|[[Android]]}}
| developer = [[维尔福|Valve]]
|language count=30
| released = {{Start date|2003|09|12}}<ref name="originalrelease">{{cite web|url=http://store.steampowered.com/news/183/|title=Steam Client Released|publisher=Valve Corporation|date=2003-09-12|accessdate=2008-02-03|archive-date=2016-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605000113/http://store.steampowered.com/news/183/|dead-url=no}}</ref>
|language footnote=<ref>{{cite web |url=http://translation.steampowered.com/ |title=Steam Translation Server&nbsp;– Welcome |publisher=Valve |access-date=2018-10-11 |archive-date=2020-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220001434/https://translation.steampowered.com/ }}</ref>
| frequently updated = 是
|language={{Slight-pause mark list|[[繁體中文]]|[[簡體中文]]|[[英语]]|[[保加利亚语]]|[[捷克语]]|[[丹麦语]]|[[荷蘭語]]|[[芬兰语]]|[[法语]]|[[希腊语]]|[[德语]]|[[匈牙利语]]|[[意大利语]]|[[日语]]|[[朝鮮語]]|[[挪威语]]|[[波兰语]]|[[葡萄牙語]]|[[歐洲葡萄牙語]]|[[巴西葡萄牙语]]|[[俄语]]|[[羅馬尼亞語]]|[[西班牙语]]|[[歐陸西班牙語]]|[[美洲西班牙语]]|[[瑞典語]]|[[泰语]]|[[土耳其语]]|[[乌克兰语]]|[[越南语]]}}
| status =
|genre={{Br separated entries|[[数字分发]]|[[数字版权管理]]|[[社交網路服務]]|[[流媒体]]}}
| programming language = {{Unbulleted list|[[C++]]|[[Objective-C]] {{small|(OS X)}}|[[Java]] {{small|(Android)}}}}
|license=[[专有软件]]
| operating system = {{Unbulleted list|'''桌面'''|[[Microsoft Windows]]|[[MacOS|OS X]]|[[Linux]]|[[SteamOS]]|'''移动端'''|[[PlayStation 3]]|[[iOS]]|[[Android]]|[[Windows Phone]]}}
|website={{Official URL}}
| size = 41.5 Mb (Windows)<br /> 156.1 Mb (Mac)
| language = [[#支持语言|28种支持语言]]<ref name="steam_translation">{{Cite web |url=http://translation.steampowered.com |title=Steam Translation Server - Welcome |accessdate=2020-09-27 |archive-date=2020-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220001434/https://translation.steampowered.com/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
| genre = {{wikidata|properties|linked|references|edit|P31|sep%s=<br />}}
| license = [http://store.steampowered.com/subscriber_agreement/ Steam Subscriber Agreement] ([[专有软件]])
| website = {{Official URL}}<br /> {{URL|https://store.steamchina.com/}}(中國蒸汽平台)
| members = 1.25亿
}}
}}
{{Steam發行年表}}
'''Steam'''是[[维尔福|Valve]]推出的电子游戏[[数字分发]]平台。2003年9月, Valve将其作为一款软件客户端推出,提供自动更新游戏的功能,这一功能在2005年末扩展到了第三方游戏发行商发行的作品。Steam集合了多种功能,如[[数字版权管理]](DRM)、游戏服务器匹配和[[維爾福反作弊系統|反作弊系统]],以及[[社交网络服务|社交网络]]和游戏[[流媒体]]服务。Steam还为用户提供自动更新游戏、[[游戏存档]][[云存储]],以及包括好友列表和游戏内聊天在内的社区功能。


'''Steam'''游戏平台(中国大陆也称为'''蒸汽平台''')是美國電子遊戲商[[维尔福|Valve]]於20039月12日推出的[[數位發行]]平台提供[[数字版权管理]]、[[多人电子游戏|多人游戏]]、[[流媒体]]和[[社交網路服務|社交网络服务]]等功能。借助Steam,用户能安装并自动更新游戏,也可以使用包括好友列表和组在内的社区功能,还能使用[[云存储]]、游戏内语音和聊天功能。Steam软件免费提供了一个[[应用程序接口]],称Steamworks,开发可以用来整合Steam的功能到自己的产品中,例如网络、在线对战、成就、微交易,并通过Steam创意工坊分享用户创作的内容。最初Steam只在[[Microsoft Windows]][[操作系统]]发布后来发布了[[MacOS|OS X]][[Linux]]版本。2010以来,Steam推出了[[iOS]]、[[Android]][[Windows Phone]]设计的移动应用,与电脑版软件实现互联
2008年, Valve发布了一个免费的[[应用程序接口]](API),名“Steamworks”。开发可以它把Steam的功能整合到自己的产品中,包括游戏中的成就、微交易以及[[用户生成内容]]支持Steam最初仅支持[[Microsoft Windows]]系统,后来在2010年发布了[[macOS]]版本,2012年发布了[[Linux]]版本。2012首次为iOS[[Android]]发布了访问在线Steam功能的[[移动应用程序]]


根據CompareCamp2020年統計,Steam平台是全球最大的[[电脑游戏]]数字分发平台,佔全球50%-70%的電腦遊戲下載量<ref name="gameres01">{{cite news |author1=浔阳 |title=PC游戏:2022年游戏市场唯一的增长点 |url=https://www.gameres.com/898662.html |accessdate=2023-01-29 |work=GameRes游资网 |date=2023-01-29 |language=zh-hans |archive-date=2023-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129061124/https://www.gameres.com/898662.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2017年,steam销售额达43亿美元,占全球PC游戏销售额的18%以上<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamesn.com/steam-revenue-2017 |title=With $4.3 billion in sales, 2017 was Steam's biggest year yet |first=Dustin |last=Bailey |date=2018-03-22 |access-date=2018-03-22 |website=[[PCGamesN]] |archive-date=2021-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211215003616/https://www.pcgamesn.com/steam-revenue-2017 }}</ref>。2019年,Steam上架了超34,000款游戏,月活跃用户超9500万。Steam的成功使Valve开始向硬件市场进军。2015年,Valve开发了配备[[SteamOS]]和[[Steam Controller]]的[[Steam Machine]]电竞电脑、用于本地游戏的{{link-en|Steam Link}}机顶盒。2022年又新发布了掌机[[Steam Deck]]。
Steam被认为是全世界的[[电脑游戏]]界最大的數位发行平台,2020年,Steam的每月活跃用户数为1.204亿、每日活跃用户数为6260万<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Steam - 回顾 2020|url=https://steamcommunity.com/groups/steamworks/announcements/detail/2961646623386540827|accessdate=2021-01-14|author=Steam|date=2021-01-14|format=|publisher=Steam|language=zh|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113203304/https://steamcommunity.com/groups/steamworks/announcements/detail/2961646623386540827|archivedate=2021-01-13|dead-url=no}}</ref>。


== 历 ==
== 发展 ==
1997年,在《[[半衰期 (游戏)|半衰期]]》发布之前,[[Valve]]与[[雪乐山|雪乐山工作室]](Sierra)签订了一份出版合約。该合約不仅转交了出版权,还将一部分[[知识产权]](IP)交给了雪乐山。Valve通过雪乐山发行了更多的游戏,包括《半衰期》和《[[反恐精英]]》的DLC。1999年左右,Valve开始开发《[[半衰期2]]》和新的[[Source引擎]],也同时开始关注与雪乐山签订的有关知识产权的合約,两家公司在2001年前重新签订了一份新合約。新的合約取消了雪乐山拥有的知识产权,并交还了Valve游戏的数字分发权<ref name="gamespot valve v sierra">{{cite web | url = https://www.gamespot.com/articles/valve-vs-vivendi-universal-dogfight-heats-up-in-us-district-court/1100-6107712/ | title = Valve vs. Vivendi Universal dogfight heats up in US District Court | first = Curt | last = Feldman | date = 2004-12-15 | access-date = 2020-12-09 | work = [[GameSpot]] | archive-date = 2022-05-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220510013229/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/valve-vs-vivendi-universal-dogfight-heats-up-in-us-district-court/1100-6107712/ }}</ref>。
{{Release timeline
| title = 事件时间轴
| last = 2017
| 2002a = 向大众公布
| 2002b = 公测开始
| 2003 = 正式发布
| 2005 = 首次与发行商合作
| 2007 = 推出Steam社区
| 2008a = 推出Steamworks
| 2008b = 推出在线对战模式
| 2009 = Steam云服务
| 2010a = 发布[[MacOS|OS X]]客户端
| 2010b = 开启翻译服务器
| 2011a = [[PlayStation 3]] Steamworks整合
| 2011b = 推出Steam创意工坊
| 2012a = 发布Steam移动端应用
| 2012b = 推出Steam学校版
| 2012c = 推出Steam青睐之光
| 2012d = 推出大屏幕模式
| 2012e = 商店目录加入生产力软件
| 2013a = 发布[[Linux]]客户端
| 2013b = 推出家庭共享
| 2014a = 推出家庭流媒体
| 2014b = 推出Steam音乐
| 2014c = 探索1.0更新
| 2015a = 推出直播功能
| 2015b = Steam硬件/[[SteamOS]]
| 2015c = 发布[[Steam Machine|Steam主机]]
| 2015d = 商店目录加入视频租赁或购买
| 2016 = 推出SteamVR
| 2016b = 探索2.0更新
| 2017 = 推出Steam直接发行
| 2021 = Steam 中国版(官方名称[[蒸汽平台]])发布
}}


当时,Valve正在寻找更好的更新游戏的办法,因为提供可下载的多人游戏补丁,会导致大部分用户在安装补丁之前的几天内无法连接。Valve公司决定建立一个能够自动更新游戏的平台,并且实施更严格的防盗版和反作弊措施。通过2002年发布的用户调查, Valve意识到,75%以上的用户可以使用高速网络连接。而且随着高速宽带的普及,这个数字还会继续增长。而Valve也认识到通过數碼分發的渠道能更高效地为用户提供游戏更新<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,41291,00.asp |title = Valve Changes Online Gaming Rules |first = Loyd |last = Case |work = PC Magazine |date = 2002-03-22 |accessdate = 2017-08-14 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170815030821/https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,41291,00.asp |archivedate = 2017-08-15 |deadurl = no }}</ref>。Valve与[[微软]]、[[雅虎]]、RealNetworks等多家公司进行了接触,希望合作开发一款具有上述功能的平台,但是均被拒绝。<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/the-last-of-the-independents- | title=The Last of the Independents? | publisher=GameIndustry.biz | date=2008-04-30 | accessdate=2017-08-14 | author=Lee, James | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815031153/http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/the-last-of-the-independents- | archivedate=2017-08-15 | deadurl=no }}</ref>。
=== 早期 ===
在Steam推出之前,维尔福公司在为[[絕對武力]]等[[電子遊戲]]更新時遇到了難題,发布一个补丁可能导致大部分玩家断线数天。此後,维尔福團隊決定要製作一個能自动更新游戏的平台,并整合更严格的反盜版及反作弊系统。2002年公布开发计划时的用户调查显示,75%的Valve用户使用高速互联网连接,并且一定会在未来的几年逐步增长,而Valve也认识到通过數碼發行的渠道能更快速地为用户提供游戏更新。<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,41291,00.asp |title = Valve Changes Online Gaming Rules |first = Loyd |last = Case |work = PC Magazine |date = 2002-03-22 |accessdate = 2017-08-14 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170815030821/https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,41291,00.asp |archivedate = 2017-08-15 |deadurl = no }}</ref>在正式製作前,Valve公司曾接觸多個公司以合作開發平台,當中有[[微軟]]、[[雅虎]]和[[RealNetworks]],但被拒絕。<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/the-last-of-the-independents- | title=The Last of the Independents? | publisher=GameIndustry.biz | date=2008-04-30 | accessdate=2017-08-14 | author=Lee, James | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815031153/http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/the-last-of-the-independents- | archivedate=2017-08-15 | deadurl=no }}</ref>


Steam的開發工作于2002年开始,計劃為代號「Grid」(網格)及「Gazelle」(羚羊)<ref name="kotaku1">{{cite news|url=http://kotaku.com/steam-is-10-today-remember-when-it-sucked-1297594444|title=Steam Is 10 Today. Remember When It Sucked?|author=Luke Plunkett|publisher=Gawker Media|work=Kotaku|date=2013-09-12|accessdate=2017-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815031613/http://kotaku.com/steam-is-10-today-remember-when-it-sucked-1297594444|archivedate=2017-08-15|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref name="gameguruin">{{cite web|url=http://www.gameguru.in/pc/2007/24/steam-registers-13-million-active-accounts/|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20170815031843/http://www.gameguru.in/pc/2007/24/steam-registers-13-million-active-accounts/|deadurl=no|archive-date=2017-08-15|title=Steam Registers 13 million Active Accounts|accessdate=2017-08-14}}</ref>Steam的首次公開亮相是在2002年3月22日的[[游戏开发者大会|遊戲開發者大會]]當時完全是以分式网络的概念来设计的。<ref name="gamespot gdc 2002">{{cite web | url=http://www.gamespot.com/news/2857298.html | title=GDC 2002: Valve unveils Steam | publisher=GameSpot | date=2002-03-12 | accessdate=2017-08-14 | author=Walker, Trey | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815033318/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/gdc-2002-valve-unveils-steam/1100-2857298/ | archivedate=2017-08-15 | deadurl=no }}</ref>為了展示Steam平台的整合性,[[遺蹟娛樂|Relic Entertainment]]設計了一特別版本的[[不可思议的生物]]<ref name="zdnet">{{Cite news |url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/gdc-steam-pushes-software-over-net/ |title=GDC: Steam pushes software over Net |author=Trey Walker |date=2002-03-22 |accessdate=2017-08-14 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815033532/http://www.zdnet.com/article/gdc-steam-pushes-software-over-net/ |archivedate=2017-08-15 }}</ref>不过直到2015年该游戏才在Steam上发售。Valve公司在此計劃中曾和多個公司合作,包括[[AT&T]]、[[宏碁]]及[[GameSpy]]。第一個在Steam发布的[[遊戲模組]]是[[決勝之日]]<ref name="salon2002">{{cite web |last=James |first=Wagner |url=http://dir.salon.com/story/tech/feature/2002/04/16/modding/index.html |title=Triumph of the mod |work=Salon |date=2002-04-16 |accessdate=2009-11-16 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703193721/http://www.salon.com/2002/04/16/modding/ |archivedate=2015-07-03 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
Steam的開發工作于2002年开始,計劃為代號「Grid」(網格)及「Gazelle」(羚羊)<ref name="kotaku1">{{cite news|url=http://kotaku.com/steam-is-10-today-remember-when-it-sucked-1297594444|title=Steam Is 10 Today. Remember When It Sucked?|author=Luke Plunkett|publisher=Gawker Media|work=Kotaku|date=2013-09-12|accessdate=2017-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815031613/http://kotaku.com/steam-is-10-today-remember-when-it-sucked-1297594444|archivedate=2017-08-15|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref name="gameguruin">{{cite web|url=http://www.gameguru.in/pc/2007/24/steam-registers-13-million-active-accounts/|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20170815031843/http://www.gameguru.in/pc/2007/24/steam-registers-13-million-active-accounts/|deadurl=no|archive-date=2017-08-15|title=Steam Registers 13 million Active Accounts|accessdate=2017-08-14}}</ref>Steam在2002年3月22日的[[游戏开发者大会|遊戲開發者大會]]上首次公開亮相并在同一天发了测试版<ref name="gamespot gdc 2002">{{cite web | url=http://www.gamespot.com/news/2857298.html | title=GDC 2002: Valve unveils Steam | publisher=GameSpot | date=2002-03-12 | accessdate=2017-08-14 | author=Walker, Trey | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815033318/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/gdc-2002-valve-unveils-steam/1100-2857298/ | archivedate=2017-08-15 | deadurl=no }}</ref>為了展示Steam平台的整合性,[[遺蹟娛樂|Relic Entertainment]]为其游戏《[[不可思议的生物]]》設計了一特別版本<ref name="zdnet">{{Cite news |url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/gdc-steam-pushes-software-over-net/ |title=GDC: Steam pushes software over Net |author=Trey Walker |date=2002-03-22 |accessdate=2017-08-14 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815033532/http://www.zdnet.com/article/gdc-steam-pushes-software-over-net/ |archivedate=2017-08-15 }}</ref>。Valve公司在此計劃中曾和多個公司合作,包括[[AT&T]]、[[宏碁]]及[[GameSpy]]。第一個在Steam发布的[[遊戲模組]](MOD)[[決勝之日]]<ref name="salon2002">{{cite web |last=James |first=Wagner |url=http://dir.salon.com/story/tech/feature/2002/04/16/modding/index.html |title=Triumph of the mod |work=Salon |date=2002-04-16 |accessdate=2009-11-16 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703193721/http://www.salon.com/2002/04/16/modding/ |archivedate=2015-07-03 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。Valve总经理[[加布·纽维尔]]宣布MOD制作组可以花费{{US$|995}}获得游戏引擎授权并通过Steam发行模组<ref name="salon2002" />。


Steam客户端的第一个测试版本于2003年1月[[反恐精英|CS 1.6]]公测时发布,当时作为必须安装和使用的组件。当时,Steam的主要功能是简化在线游戏中常见的补丁过程。对于其他所有游戏,Steam是可选安装的组件。测试期间大约有8至30万名玩家测试了Steam系统。<ref name="salon2002" /><ref name="dslreports1">{{cite web|url=http://www.dslreports.com/shownews/32475|title=Steam Powered – Broadband distribution system to go live|publisher=DSLReports|author=Karl Bode|date=2003-09-08|accessdate=2017-08-14|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815035809/http://www.dslreports.com/shownews/32475|archivedate=2017-08-15}}</ref>而Steam系统和网站因為數千用户同时下载絕對武力的更新版本而不勝負荷。<ref name="dslreports2">{{cite web |url=http://www.dslreports.com/shownews/32981 |title=Losing Steam - Broadband distribution's rocky road |author=Karl Bode |date=2003-09-15 |publisher=DSLReports |accessdate=2017-08-14 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815040340/http://www.dslreports.com/shownews/32981 |archivedate=2017-08-15 }}</ref>2004年,[[世界對抗網絡系統]](WON)关闭并由Steam平台取代,以前需要WON來登入連機模式的遊戲从此以后必须通过Steam联机。<ref name="WorldOpponentNetwork">{{cite web |url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/valve-to-shut-down-won-servers/1100-6102754/ |title=Valve to shut down WON servers |publisher=Gamespot |date=2004-07-15 |accessdate=2017-08-15 |author=Benjamin Golze |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815050236/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/valve-to-shut-down-won-servers/1100-6102754/ |archivedate=2017-08-15 |deadurl=no }}</ref>
Steam客户端的第一个测试版本于2003年1月[[反恐精英|反恐精英 1.6]]公测时发布,当时作为必须安装和使用的组件。当时,Steam的主要功能是简化在线游戏中常见的补丁过程。对于其他所有游戏,Steam是可选安装的组件。测试期间大约有8至30万名玩家测试了Steam系统。<ref name="salon2002" /><ref name="dslreports1">{{cite web|url=http://www.dslreports.com/shownews/32475|title=Steam Powered – Broadband distribution system to go live|publisher=DSLReports|author=Karl Bode|date=2003-09-08|accessdate=2017-08-14|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815035809/http://www.dslreports.com/shownews/32475|archivedate=2017-08-15}}</ref>而Steam系统和网站因為數千用户同时下载《反恐精英 1.6》的更新版本而不勝負荷。<ref name="dslreports2">{{cite web |url=http://www.dslreports.com/shownews/32981 |title=Losing Steam - Broadband distribution's rocky road |author=Karl Bode |date=2003-09-15 |publisher=DSLReports |accessdate=2017-08-14 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815040340/http://www.dslreports.com/shownews/32981 |archivedate=2017-08-15 }}</ref>2004年,[[世界對抗網絡系統]](WON)关闭并由Steam平台取代,以前需要WON來登入連機模式的遊戲从此以后必须通过Steam联机。<ref name="WorldOpponentNetwork">{{cite web |url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/valve-to-shut-down-won-servers/1100-6102754/ |title=Valve to shut down WON servers |publisher=Gamespot |date=2004-07-15 |accessdate=2017-08-15 |author=Benjamin Golze |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815050236/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/valve-to-shut-down-won-servers/1100-6102754/ |archivedate=2017-08-15 |deadurl=no }}</ref>


經過一段時間的試驗,Valve開始聯絡不同的[[電子遊戲發行商|遊戲發行商]]和[[游戏开发者#独立开发者|獨立遊戲開發者]]簽署合約並為他們提供Steam平台遊戲銷服務兩個最早期在Steam平台上推出的獨立遊戲是[[Rag Doll Kung Fu]]和[[Darwinia]]。<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/strategy-first-picking-up-steam/1100-6140951/|title=Strategy First picking up Steam|publisher=GameSpot|date=2005-12-09|accessdate=2017-08-15|author=Brendan Sinclair|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815051230/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/strategy-first-picking-up-steam/1100-6140951/|archivedate=2017-08-15|deadurl=no}}</ref>2005年12月,加拿大遊戲發行商[[Strategy First]]亦和Valve合作,在Steam发行自己现有和未来的游戏。<ref>{{cite press release |publisher=[[Strategy First]] |date=2005-12-08 |title=Strategy First to Deliver Multiple Titles On-Line via Steam |url=http://www.strategyfirst.com/press/DisplayArticle.asp?sLanguageCode=EN&iArticleID=3250 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060328053420/http://www.strategyfirst.com/press/DisplayArticle.asp?sLanguageCode=EN&iArticleID=3250 |archivedate=2006-03-28 |accessdate=2016-10-11 |deadurl=yes }}</ref>2002年,Valve总经理[[加布·纽维尔]]宣布[[遊戲模組]]制作组可以花费{{US$|995}}获得游戏引擎授权并通过Steam发行模组。<ref name="salon2002" />Valve的[[半条命2]]是第一款需要Steam才能运行的游戏,包括零售版。这一决定引发玩家对于软件所有权、软件需求以及在之前反恐精英测试时发生的服务器拥塞问题的关注<ref name="wired steam machine">{{cite web|url=https://www.wired.com/2013/11/valve-steam-machines/|title=Full Steam Ahead: Inside Valve’s Grand Plan to Replace Game Consoles With PCs|first=Chris|last=Kohler|date=2013-11-04|accessdate=2017-08-15|work=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815052643/https://www.wired.com/2013/11/valve-steam-machines/|archivedate=2017-08-15}}</ref>在此期间用户在游戏过程遇到诸多问题<ref name="kotaku1"/><ref name="bbc1">{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4019095.stm|title=BBC NEWS&nbsp;– Technology&nbsp;– Gamers get playing Half-Life 2|publisher=|date=2014-11-17|accessdate=2017-08-15|archive-date=2017-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810070812/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4019095.stm|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="gamespot3">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/half-life-2-now-preloading-via-steam/1100-6105848/|title=Half-Life 2 now preloading via Steam|work=GameSpot|accessdate=2017-08-15|archive-date=2016-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160721044636/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/half-life-2-now-preloading-via-steam/1100-6105848/|dead-url=no}}</ref>
2004年11月,《[[半衰期2]]》成为首款在Steam数字分发游戏,零版也需要安装Steam客户端才能运行在此间用户游戏过程遇到诸多问题<ref name="kotaku1"/><ref name="bbc1">{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4019095.stm|title=BBC NEWS&nbsp;– Technology&nbsp;– Gamers get playing Half-Life 2|publisher=|date=2014-11-17|accessdate=2017-08-15|archive-date=2017-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810070812/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4019095.stm|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="gamespot3">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/half-life-2-now-preloading-via-steam/1100-6105848/|title=Half-Life 2 now preloading via Steam|work=GameSpot|accessdate=2017-08-15|archive-date=2016-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160721044636/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/half-life-2-now-preloading-via-steam/1100-6105848/|dead-url=no}}</ref>。这一决定引发玩家对于软件所有权、软件需求以及在之前反恐精英测试时发生的服务器拥塞问题的关注<ref name="wired steam machine">{{cite web|url=https://www.wired.com/2013/11/valve-steam-machines/|title=Full Steam Ahead: Inside Valve’s Grand Plan to Replace Game Consoles With PCs|first=Chris|last=Kohler|date=2013-11-04|accessdate=2017-08-15|work=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815052643/https://www.wired.com/2013/11/valve-steam-machines/|archivedate=2017-08-15}}</ref>。


从2005年10月起,第三方遊戲開始在Steam平台上提供给用户购买和下载,首个登陆Steam的第三方游戏是《{{link-en|Rag Doll Kung Fu}}》<ref name="eurogamer1">{{cite news|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-08-21-full-steam-ahead|title=Full Steam Ahead: How Valve's Platform Just Gets Hotter|author=Rich Stanton|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]|date=2012-08-21|accessdate=2017-08-14|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815043820/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-08-21-full-steam-ahead|archivedate=2017-08-15}}</ref>。同时Valve亦表示Steam由于一些自家推出的成功遊戲而獲得盈利<ref name="eurogamer1"/>。雖然当时[[數碼分發]]的銷售模式的售出量仍不及零售分發,但Valve及游戏開發商在Steam的盈利還是远高於零售方式<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.shacknews.com/article/37380/on-online-distribution | title=Digital distribution: Keep the money and run? | publisher=The Hollywood Reporter | date=2005-06-14 | accessdate=2011-12-14 | author=Miller, Scott | quote=Valve has since split with Vivendi in a highly publicized trademark infringement lawsuit. But, prior to the settlement, Vivendi announced in January -- two months after the game's release -- that it had sold 1.7 million units of "Half-Life 2" in stores. Valve won't talk about how many units it's sold through Steam, but Lombardi describes the venture as being "extremely successful. Even though the lion's share of our sales is still at retail, the digital units are wildly more profitable for us. | archive-date=2012-01-13 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113094057/http://www.shacknews.com/article/37380/on-online-distribution | dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://dukenukem.typepad.com/game_matters/2005/06/digital_distrib.html | title=Digital distribution is on the way, in a big way | date=2005-06-13 | accessdate=2011-12-14 | author=Miller, Scott | archive-date=2011-12-21 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111221083856/http://dukenukem.typepad.com/game_matters/2005/06/digital_distrib.html | dead-url=no }}</ref>。2007年,[[id Software]]<ref name="eurogamer2">{{cite news|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/id-games-added-to-steam|title=id Games Added to Steam|author=Tom Bramwell|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]|date=2007-08-04|accessdate=2017-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815045028/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/id-games-added-to-steam|archivedate=2017-08-15|deadurl=no}}</ref>、[[Eidos|Eidos Interactive]]<ref name="eurogamer3">{{cite news|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/eidos-embraces-steam-power|title=Eidos Embrace Steam Power|author=Robert Purchese|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]|date=2007-03-16|accessdate=2017-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815045149/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/eidos-embraces-steam-power|archivedate=2017-08-15|deadurl=no}}</ref>和[[卡普空]]<ref name="eurogamer4">{{cite news|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/capcom-signs-up-to-steam|title=Capcom Sign Up to Steam|author=Tom Bramwell|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]|date=2007-06-12|accessdate=2017-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815045355/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/capcom-signs-up-to-steam|archivedate=2017-08-15|deadurl=no}}</ref>等規模較大的遊戲開發發行商開始在Steam銷售他們的遊戲。同年五月,Steam平台上已經有1300萬個帳號被建立,共有150個遊戲在Steam上售賣<ref>{{cite web | url=http://store.steampowered.com/news/1050/ | title=Steam Surpasses 13 Million Accounts | publisher=Valve Corporation. | date=2007-05-24 | accessdate=2011-12-14 | archive-date=2010-03-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100301134900/http://store.steampowered.com/news/1050/ | dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="eurogamer5">{{cite news|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/steam-logs-13-millionth-user|title=Steam logs 13 millionth user|author=Tom Bramwell|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]|date=2007-05-24|accessdate=2017-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815044838/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/steam-logs-13-millionth-user|archivedate=2017-08-15|deadurl=no}}</ref>。2008年,[[育碧]]、[[THQ]]、[[世嘉]]、[[Take-Two Interactive]]、[[动视]]、[[艺电]]等知名出版商都开始与该服务合作<ref>{{Cite web |last=Simms |first=Criag |date=2008-04-18 |title=Getting Steamed: digital distribution for games isn't there yet |url=http://www.cnet.com.au/getting-steamed-digital-distribution-for-games-isnt-there-yet-339288255.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531130641/http://www.cnet.com.au/getting-steamed-digital-distribution-for-games-isnt-there-yet-339288255.htm |archive-date=2011-05-31 |website=CNET Australia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Walker |first=John |date=2008-12-19 |title=EA Arrives On Steam, But Only A Bit |language=en |work=Rock, Paper, Shotgun |url=https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/ea-arrives-on-steam-but-only-a-bit |access-date=2022-04-03 |archive-date=2021-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518183935/https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/ea-arrives-on-steam-but-only-a-bit }}</ref>。
=== 盈利 ===
从2005年10月起,第三方遊戲開始在Steam平台上提供给用户购买和下载,最早的一个是Rag Doll Kung Fu,<ref name="eurogamer1">{{cite news|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-08-21-full-steam-ahead|title=Full Steam Ahead: How Valve's Platform Just Gets Hotter|author=Rich Stanton|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]|date=2012-08-21|accessdate=2017-08-14|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815043820/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-08-21-full-steam-ahead|archivedate=2017-08-15}}</ref>同时Valve亦表示Steam由于一些自家推出的成功遊戲而獲得盈利。雖然当时[[數碼發行]]的銷售模式的售出量仍不及零售發行,但Valve及游戏開發商在Steam的盈利還是远高於零售方式。<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.shacknews.com/article/37380/on-online-distribution | title=Digital distribution: Keep the money and run? | publisher=The Hollywood Reporter | date=2005-06-14 | accessdate=2011-12-14 | author=Miller, Scott | quote=Valve has since split with Vivendi in a highly publicized trademark infringement lawsuit. But, prior to the settlement, Vivendi announced in January -- two months after the game's release -- that it had sold 1.7 million units of "Half-Life 2" in stores. Valve won't talk about how many units it's sold through Steam, but Lombardi describes the venture as being "extremely successful. Even though the lion's share of our sales is still at retail, the digital units are wildly more profitable for us. | archive-date=2012-01-13 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113094057/http://www.shacknews.com/article/37380/on-online-distribution | dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://dukenukem.typepad.com/game_matters/2005/06/digital_distrib.html | title=Digital distribution is on the way, in a big way | date=2005-06-13 | accessdate=2011-12-14 | author=Miller, Scott | archive-date=2011-12-21 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111221083856/http://dukenukem.typepad.com/game_matters/2005/06/digital_distrib.html | dead-url=no }}</ref>


2007年5月,[[冶天科技]](ATI)将Steam纳入{{link-en|ATI Catalyst}} GPU驱动,并向ATI Radeon用户提供免费的《[[半衰期2:消失的海岸线]]》和《[[半衰期2:死亡竞赛]]》的Steam拷贝。2008年1月,[[英伟达]]在英伟达GPU驱动程序中推广了Steam,并向英伟达硬件用户提供了免费的Steam版《[[传送门]]》。也有传统的零售版游戏开始强制安装Steam,例如2009年[[动视]]的《[[使命召唤:现代战争2]]》,2010年[[贝塞斯达软件]]的《[[辐射:新维加斯]]》和2011年[[艺电]]的《[[闇龍紀元II]]》。
2007年,[[id Software]]<ref name="eurogamer2">{{cite news|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/id-games-added-to-steam|title=id Games Added to Steam|author=Tom Bramwell|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]|date=2007-08-04|accessdate=2017-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815045028/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/id-games-added-to-steam|archivedate=2017-08-15|deadurl=no}}</ref>、[[Eidos|Eidos Interactive]]<ref name="eurogamer3">{{cite news|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/eidos-embraces-steam-power|title=Eidos Embrace Steam Power|author=Robert Purchese|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]|date=2007-03-16|accessdate=2017-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815045149/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/eidos-embraces-steam-power|archivedate=2017-08-15|deadurl=no}}</ref>和[[卡普空]]<ref name="eurogamer4">{{cite news|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/capcom-signs-up-to-steam|title=Capcom Sign Up to Steam|author=Tom Bramwell|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]|date=2007-06-12|accessdate=2017-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815045355/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/capcom-signs-up-to-steam|archivedate=2017-08-15|deadurl=no}}</ref>等規模較大的遊戲開發發行商開始在Steam銷售他們的遊戲。同年五月,Steam平台上已經有一千三百萬個帳號被建立,共有150個遊戲在Steam上售賣。<ref>{{cite web | url=http://store.steampowered.com/news/1050/ | title=Steam Surpasses 13 Million Accounts | publisher=Valve Corporation. | date=2007-05-24 | accessdate=2011-12-14 | archive-date=2010-03-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100301134900/http://store.steampowered.com/news/1050/ | dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="eurogamer5">{{cite news|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/steam-logs-13-millionth-user|title=Steam logs 13 millionth user|author=Tom Bramwell|publisher=[[Eurogamer]]|date=2007-05-24|accessdate=2017-08-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815044838/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/steam-logs-13-millionth-user|archivedate=2017-08-15|deadurl=no}}</ref>及後十月,Steam平台上亦陸續推出《[[橘盒]]》、《[[生化奇兵]]》、《[[決勝時刻4:現代戰爭]]》和《[[浩劫殺陣:車諾比之影]]》等等的高知名度遊戲。


艺电在2011年因限制性服务条款而将其部分游戏从Steam上删除,并在2012年仅在其[[Origin (电子游戏平台)|Origin服务]]上推出《[[质量效应3]]》<ref>{{Cite news |author1=Tom Senior |date=2011-08-18 |title=Gabe Newell on disappearing EA Steam games and Origin: "yeah, I've tried it" |language=en |work=PC Gamer |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/gabe-newell-on-disappearing-ea-steam-games-and-origin-yeah-ive-tried-it/ |access-date=2022-04-03 |archive-date=2022-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220403143227/https://www.pcgamer.com/gabe-newell-on-disappearing-ea-steam-games-and-origin-yeah-ive-tried-it/ }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author1=Matt Bradford |date=2012-01-16 |title=Mass Effect 3 for PC will require Origin activation, not launching on Steam |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/mass-effect-3-pc-will-require-origin-activation-not-launching-steam/ |access-date=2022-04-05 |website=gamesradar |language=en |archive-date=2022-04-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405161614/https://www.gamesradar.com/mass-effect-3-pc-will-require-origin-activation-not-launching-steam/ }}</ref>。对此纽维尔表示,“我们必须向EA表明,让EA的游戏在Steam上运行是一个明智的决定,我们要努力向他们表明这一点”<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Crossley |first=Rob |date=2011-07-17 |title=Newell: We have to convince EA to come back |url=http://www.develop-online.net/news/newell-we-have-to-convince-ea-to-come-back/0109965 |url-status=live |magazine=[[Develop (magazine)|Develop]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306123138/http://www.develop-online.net/news/newell-we-have-to-convince-ea-to-come-back/0109965 |archive-date=2016-03-06 |access-date=2016-02-23}}</ref>。2014年,育碧游戏从Steam启动游戏后,开始需要[[Uplay]]运行<ref>{{cite web |date=2014-04-09 |title=Dogged: Watch_Dogs To Require Uplay, Even On Steam |url=https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2014/04/09/watch-dogs-uplay-required-valve-steam/ |access-date=2018-07-06 |website=Rock, Paper, Shotgun |archive-date=2021-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123045746/https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2014/04/09/watch-dogs-uplay-required-valve-steam/ }}</ref>。2019年,育碧因Valve不会修改其收入分享模式,未在Steam上销售其《[[湯姆克蘭西:全境封鎖2]]》,而是改为在Uplay和[[Epic游戏商城]]上销售<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bailey |first=Jason M. |date=2019-08-27 |title=Fortnite Maker Wants to Sell More Games, and Build a Platform to Do It |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/27/business/steam-epic-games-store.html |access-date=2022-04-03 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=2022-04-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220415164611/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/27/business/steam-epic-games-store.html }}</ref>。2019年5月,[[微软]]除了在微软商店之外,还在Steam上分销其游戏<ref>{{Cite web |last=Statt |first=Nick |date=2019-05-30 |title=Microsoft will distribute more Xbox titles through Steam and finally support Win32 games |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/5/30/18645250/microsoft-xbox-game-studios-publishing-valve-steam-32-bit-windows |access-date=2022-04-03 |website=The Verge |language=en |archive-date=2019-07-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190707111356/https://www.theverge.com/2019/5/30/18645250/microsoft-xbox-game-studios-publishing-valve-steam-32-bit-windows }}</ref>。2020年,EA开始在Steam上发布精选游戏,并在该平台上提供其订阅服务{{link-en|EA Play}}<ref>{{cite web |last=Pereria |first=Chris |date=2020-06-04 |title=EA Access Coming To Steam, More EA Games Release On The Store |url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/ea-access-coming-to-steam-more-ea-games-release-on/1100-6478039/ |access-date=2020-06-04 |publisher=[[GameSpot]] |archive-date=2020-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604160739/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/ea-access-coming-to-steam-more-ea-games-release-on/1100-6478039/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Hornshaw |first=Phil |date=2020-06-18 |title=EA Adds More Games To Steam, Including Titanfall 2 And Dead Space 3 |url=https://www.gamespot.com/articles/ea-adds-more-games-to-steam-including-titanfall-2-/1100-6478718/ |access-date=2020-06-18 |publisher=[[GameSpot]] |archive-date=2022-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421014039/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/ea-adds-more-games-to-steam-including-titanfall-2-/1100-6478718/ }}</ref>。
=== 近況 ===
* 2010年3月,Valve開放Steam翻譯伺服器,服務可供Steam用户幫助遊戲的翻譯工作。該項服務一直測試至同年10月。
* 2011年1至2月,發生「俄區大封號」或稱「清洗俄區」。中國用戶最受影響,在不良代購及盜版聞名的時代下,Steam進行大量封鎖帳號的活動。結合受影響的用戶經驗,封號與違法序列号、跨區購物有關。
* 2011年4月下旬,Steam帳户与[[PS3]]帳户连接,实现跨平台游戏配对、对战、好友系统、聊天和成就等。PS3上的Steam也可以把合作模式游戏进度和单人游戏存档保存在Steam云端,使玩家在任意的PS3主机上继续他们的游戏进度。
* 2011年5月初,Steam推出視訊分享功能,藉助全球最大的視訊分享網站[[Youtube]]實現Steam用戶間的視訊分享,付費用戶可以在社群介面進行Steam帳戶與Youtube帳號的連線,從而在Steam社群中實現方便快捷的玩家間的視訊分享。
* 2011年6月上旬,Steam帳戶可與Facebook帳戶進行聯結,從而可以更加方便快捷的尋找好友,這使得Steam的交友功能變得更加完善。
* 2011年11月6日,黑客入侵Steam,盜取用戶個人資料,並使社群論壇關閉。11月10日,Valve表示此次事件中,有一個保存顧客資料的[[數據庫]]被入侵,黑客可存取玩家的資料例如:加密[[密碼]]和[[信用卡]]資料。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://arstechnica.com/gaming/news/2011/11/valve-confirms-steam-hack-credit-cards-personal-info-may-be-stolen.ars|title=Valve confirms Steam hack: credit cards, personal info may be stolen|publisher=Ars Technica|date=2011-11-10|accessdate=2011-12-14|author=Johnston, Casey|archive-date=2011-12-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213110021/http://arstechnica.com/gaming/news/2011/11/valve-confirms-steam-hack-credit-cards-personal-info-may-be-stolen.ars|dead-url=no}}</ref>而當時的[[維爾福|Valve]]根本還未意識到用戶資料有被入侵的風險,只有警告玩家自我提防。
* 2012年9月,Valve启动Steam青睐之光(Greenlight),旨在征集社区帮助,挑选新游戏在Steam上发布。游戏开发者可以先上传游戏信息,随后玩家根据游戏信息进行投票,Valve根据投票结果决定游戏是否在Steam上架。
* 2013年9月,官方宣布親友分享功能,並開放公開測試。此功能讓限定的親友,在單一的Steam客戶端上(即同一台機器上),選擇性地分享各自擁有的遊戲。
* 2014年3月,官方宣布正式開放親友分享功能。
* 2014年5月,公布家中串流功能。此功能使家中兩台在同區域網路的電腦登入Steam後能互相溝通,並能在一端玩另一端安裝的遊戲。例如在筆記型電腦上玩只安裝在桌上型電腦內的遊戲,所有遊戲的計算都由桌上型電腦提供,筆記型電腦只提供使用者介面。
* 2014年10月25日前,得到測試版硬體測試候選資格的300個人,可免費得到史上第一台Steam遊戲主機。
* 2014年12月,宣布實況直播功能並公開測試。此功能讓玩家選擇性地開放給其他人即時觀看該玩家遊戲的進行。
* 2015年3月27日,Steam表示可以在同年11月開始訂購Steam Controller(Steam的遊戲手柄)。
* 2015年6月,正式公布遊戲退款方案與受理退款請求。
* 2015年10月30日,Steam表示在11月3日特賣活動結束後,將支援人民幣,港元,新台幣,印度盧比結算,各有關區域用戶之前的美元資金,屆時將按照匯率轉換成相應貨幣,存入用戶帳戶中。<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/3/122813.html|title=Steam 預定 11 月 3 日起將支援新台幣、港幣等|publisher=巴哈姆特電玩資訊站|date=2015-10-27|accessdate=2017-04-20|archive-date=2017-04-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420145301/https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/3/122813.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
* 2016年4月26日,Steam新增租借線上串流電影功能。<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.4gamers.com.tw/news/detail/6294/22818|title=Steam也有電影看,《飢餓遊戲》片商搶頭香|publisher=[[4Gamers]]|date=2016-04-26|accessdate=2017-04-20|archive-date=2017-04-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420234925/https://www.4gamers.com.tw/news/detail/6294/22818|dead-url=no}}</ref>
* 2016年10月,Steam支持[[微信]]支付。
* 2016年11月24日,Steam支援[[财付通]]支付,并且重新恢复[[支付宝]]支付。
* 2017年6月13日,Steam青睐之光正式关闭,被Steam Direct取代。
* 2018年6月12日,中国[[完美世界股份有限公司]]获得[[維爾福公司]]的授权,代理Steam中国<ref>{{cite web |author1=林琦 |title=完美世界获Valve授权 在中国大陆运营及推广Steam中国 |url=https://cn.reuters.com/article/perfect-world-valve-china-business-0612-idCNKBS1J8049 |website=路透中文网 |accessdate=2018-06-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612085505/https://cn.reuters.com/article/perfect-world-valve-china-business-0612-idCNKBS1J8049 |archivedate=2018-06-12 |deadurl=no |date=2018-06-12 }}</ref>。
* 2018年11月28日,Steam中国正式落户[[上海]][[浦东]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://tech.ifeng.com/a/20181129/45240723_0.shtml |title=Steam中国落户上海浦东 |accessdate=2018-12-01 |archive-date=2018-12-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201135159/http://tech.ifeng.com/a/20181129/45240723_0.shtml |dead-url=no }}</ref>。
* 2019年8月21日,在[[完美世界_(公司)|完美世界]]发布会上,“Steam中国”正式定名为“蒸汽平台”。蒸汽平台几乎完全独立于Steam,游戏库将不断扩充,包含VR游戏。首批上线的包含40款游戏,且并非全部获得中国游戏版号。
* 2020年3月,Steam开始支持在[[支付宝]]中使用[[花呗]]进行支付。
* 2020年4月,有中國網友發現并拍摄以「Steam官网使用了未包含藏南地区及台湾省的错误中国地图」為題的视频上传至[[Bilibili]],该视频展示了Steam的「下載統計流量圖」中將[[中國]]、[[香港]]與[[臺灣|台灣]]分開計算,视频发布后即引发网友争议<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=遊戲平台Steam將中港台區分引內地網友內訌 台網民反幫忙檢舉?|url=https://www.hk01.com/%E6%95%B8%E7%A2%BC%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB/464504/%E9%81%8A%E6%88%B2%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0steam%E5%B0%87%E4%B8%AD%E6%B8%AF%E5%8F%B0%E5%8D%80%E5%88%86%E5%BC%95%E5%85%A7%E5%9C%B0%E7%B6%B2%E5%8F%8B%E5%85%A7%E8%A8%8C-%E5%8F%B0%E7%B6%B2%E6%B0%91%E5%8F%8D%E5%B9%AB%E5%BF%99%E6%AA%A2%E8%88%89|accessdate=2021-01-14|author=聯合新聞網|date=2020-04-23|format=|publisher=香港01|language=zh|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113201909if_/https://www.hk01.com/%E6%95%B8%E7%A2%BC%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB/464504/%E9%81%8A%E6%88%B2%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0steam%E5%B0%87%E4%B8%AD%E6%B8%AF%E5%8F%B0%E5%8D%80%E5%88%86%E5%BC%95%E5%85%A7%E5%9C%B0%E7%B6%B2%E5%8F%8B%E5%85%A7%E8%A8%8C-%E5%8F%B0%E7%B6%B2%E6%B0%91%E5%8F%8D%E5%B9%AB%E5%BF%99%E6%AA%A2%E8%88%89|archivedate=2021-01-14}}</ref>。但实际上steam是将其按國家與地區划分,此次争议事件中,有台湾网友帮忙检举<ref name=":0" />。
* 2020年12月,Steam於台灣推出「開立發票」功能<ref name=yl>{{cite web|title=玩遊戲也能中獎!Steam推出「開立發票」功能 網淚:終於來了|url=https://www.ttshow.tw/article/74991|date=2020-12-02}}</ref>。
* 2021年2月,[[完美世界_(公司)|完美世界]]和[[維爾福公司]]合作推出的「蒸汽平台」開始測試<ref>{{Cite web|title=微博|url=https://m.weibo.cn/detail/4602543898362406|accessdate=2021-02-09|work=m.weibo.cn}}</ref>。
* 2021年6月24日,推出夏日特賣活動,有上千款遊戲大特賣!<ref>{{cite web |url=https://mrmad.com.tw/steam-summer-special-2021 |title=Steam夏日特價2021清單整理,有哪些推薦值得買?|website=mrmad.com.tw}}</ref>
* 2021年7月1日早上STEAM大當機,導致眾多玩家無法進行購買遊戲的行為。


到2014年,Steam上的年度游戏总销售额估计约为15亿美元<ref name="2014sales">{{cite web |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/market-data-firm-claims-valve-made-730-million-last-year/ |title=Market data firm claims Valve made $730 million last year |last=Savage |first=Phil |website=PC Gamer |date=2015-07-27 |access-date=2017-11-28 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043435/http://www.pcgamer.com/market-data-firm-claims-valve-made-730-million-last-year/ |archive-date=2017-12-01}}</ref>。到2018年,该服务的月活跃用户超过9000万<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bailey |first1=Dustin |title=Steam player count has jumped by 23 million in less than a year |url=https://www.pcgamesn.com/steam-player-count |website=PCGamesN |access-date=2020-02-02 |archive-date=2022-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421014039/https://www.pcgamesn.com/steam-player-count }}</ref>。2018年,其网络提供了150亿[[吉字节|千兆字节]](GB)的数据,而2014年还不到40亿<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wes |first=Fenlon |date=2019-01-14 |title=Steam delivered 15 billion gigabytes of data in 2018 |language=en |work=PC Gamer |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-delivered-15-billion-gigabytes-of-data-in-2018/ |access-date=2022-04-03 |archive-date=2021-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123182918/https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-delivered-15-billion-gigabytes-of-data-in-2018/ }}</ref>。
== 地區內容限制 ==
Steam上提供的內容存在地區限制,多個遊戲或軟體只在特定的地區進行數位發售,當訪問存在地區限制的內容會進行提示。Steam會檢查[[IP地址]],核對帳單地址是否真實及配合支付歷史記錄等來避免用戶繞過地區購買限制,當用戶多次繞過地區限制進行購買,根據Steam用戶合約,Valve公司有權封禁用戶<ref>Steam 用戶合約: [http://store.steampowered.com/subscriber_agreement/?l=english 英文版] {{Wayback|url=http://store.steampowered.com/subscriber_agreement/?l=english |date=20130125130942 }}</ref>。


== 服务特性及功能 ==
Steam根據用戶地理位置劃區,在不同地區的產品定價不一。2021年[[歐盟]]起訴Steam,認為其相關措施,損害消費者權益<ref>{{cite news |author1=RU |title=歐盟認為 Steam 與 Capcom 等五家遊戲發行商限制跨境銷售違法 重罰 2.6 億元 |url=https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/detail.php?sn=209596 |accessdate=2021-02-04 |work=巴哈姆特電玩資訊站 |date=2021-01-21 |language=zh-hant}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author1=MARTIN |title=Steam一波未平一波又起被歐盟起訴 分區定價導致消費者不公 |url=https://news.xfastest.com/steam/90759/steams-unrest-has-been-sued-by-the-european-union-again/ |accessdate=2021-02-04 |work=XFastest News |language=zh-TW}}</ref>。
=== 软件交付及维护 ===
Steam的主要服务是允许其用户将其虚拟软件库中的游戏和其他软件作为游戏缓存文件(GCF)下载到本地计算机<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wunderboy.org/docs/gcfformat.php |author=Neil 'Jed' Jedrzejewski |title=Steam GCF File Format |work=wunderboy.org |access-date=2010-01-20 |archive-date=2016-03-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160329153045/http://www.wunderboy.org/docs/gcfformat.php }}</ref>。最初,Valve被要求成为这些游戏的发行商,因为他们可以单独访问Steam的数据库和引擎,但是随着2008年5月Steamworks[[软件开发工具包]](SDK)的推出,任何人都可以在Steam上发布游戏,而无需Valve的直接参与<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bit-tech.net/news/gaming/2008/05/02/valve-releases-steamworks-sdk/1 |title=Valve releases Steamworks SDK |first=Joe |last=Martin |date=2008-05-02 |access-date=2016-08-09 |work=[[Bit-tech.net]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160913184203/http://www.bit-tech.net/news/gaming/2008/05/02/valve-releases-steamworks-sdk/1 |archive-date=2016-09-13}}</ref>。


2009年前,大多数在Steam上发布的游戏都有传统的[[复制保护|反盗版]]措施,包括分配和分发[[产品密钥]]以及支持[[数字版权管理]](DRM)软件工具,如[[SecuROM]]或非恶意的[[rootkit]]。随着2009年3月Steamworks SDK的更新,Valve在Steamworks SDK中加入了“自定义可执行文件生成”(Custom Executable Generation,CEG)的方法,从而消除了对这些其他措施的需求。CEG技术为特定的用户创建了一个独特的、加密的游戏可执行文件副本,允许他们在多个设备上多次安装,并制作其软件的备份副本<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/113829/Valve_Unveils_New_AntiPiracy_InGame_DLC_Features_To_Steamworks.php |title=Valve Unveils New Anti-Piracy, In-Game DLC Features To Steamworks |first=Leigh |last=Alexander |date=2009-03-24 |access-date=2016-08-09 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924053242/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/113829/Valve_Unveils_New_AntiPiracy_InGame_DLC_Features_To_Steamworks.php |archive-date=2016-09-24}}</ref>。软件被下载和安装后,用户必须通过Steam进行认证,以解密可执行文件来进行游戏。通常情况下,这是在用户的证书验证后连接到互联网时进行的,但一旦他们登录过一次Steam,用户就可以指示Steam在特殊的离线模式下启动,以便能够在没有网络连接的情况下玩他们的游戏<ref name="#1">{{cite web |url=http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1051534/a-closer-look-valve-ceg |title=A closer look at Valve's CEG |first=Charlie |last=Demerjian |date=2009-03-26 |access-date=2016-08-09 |work=[[The Inquirer]] |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160813031617/http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1051534/a-closer-look-valve-ceg |archive-date=2016-08-13}}</ref><ref name="#2">{{cite web |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/190116/steam_pc_gaming_client_gets_surprise_facelift.html |title=Steam PC Gaming Client Gets Surprise Facelift |first=Matt |last=Peckham |date=2011-09-08 |access-date=2011-09-08 |work=[[PC World]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127015032/http://www.pcworld.com/article/190116/steam_pc_gaming_client_gets_surprise_facelift.html |archive-date=2011-11-27}}</ref>。除了Steam的CEG以外,开发者也可以使用其他形式的DRM和Steam以外的其他认证服务<ref name="#1"/><ref name="#2"/>;例如,部分[[育碧]]的游戏需要使用他们的[[Uplay]]游戏服务<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2012/07/16/udontplay-ubidrm-servers-wobble-during-steam-sale/ |title=UDon'tPlay: UbiDRM Servers Wobble During Steam Sale |first=Alec |last=MEer |date=2012-07-16 |access-date=2016-08-09 |work=[[Rock Paper Shotgun]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919180303/https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2012/07/16/udontplay-ubidrm-servers-wobble-during-steam-sale/ |archive-date=2016-09-19}}</ref>。也有游戏需要{{link-en|Games for Windows – Live}},2014年该服务关闭后,许多游戏转而使用Steamworks CEG<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pcgamesn.com/air-what-will-happen-when-games-windows-live-shuts-down |title=Up in the air: What will happen when Games for Windows Live shuts down? |first=Fraser |last=Brown |date=2014-02-26 |access-date=2016-08-09 |work=[[PCGamesN]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811060642/http://www.pcgamesn.com/air-what-will-happen-when-games-windows-live-shuts-down |archive-date=2016-08-11}}</ref>。
== Steam平台的功能 ==
=== 客户端安全性 ===
Steam平台的用戶必須先安裝Steam客戶端軟體,并經註冊後才能享有Steam平台的使用權;而平台上的付費遊戲,必須透過代理廠商購買產品,或是透過平台上的線上訂購,取得付費遊戲序號後,才可擁有下載以及安裝權。而每個Steam帳戶除了帳號、密碼和安全問題外,亦有一組獨一無二的Steam識別碼。


2008年9月,Valve增加了对Steam Cloud的支持,这项服务可以自动将保存的游戏和相关的自定义文件存储在Valve的服务器上;用户可以从任何运行Steam客户端的机器上访问这些数据.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.shacknews.com/onearticle.x/52906 |title=Valve Announces Steam Cloud; Online Network to Store Saved Games Indefinitely |last=Breckon |first=Nick |date=2008-05-29 |access-date=2008-09-03 |work=[[Shacknews]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905040818/http://www.shacknews.com/onearticle.x/52906 |archive-date=2008-09-05}}</ref>。用户可以在按游戏或账户禁用该功能<ref>{{cite web |url=http://store.steampowered.com/news/4012/ |title=Steam client update released |date=2010-07-01 |publisher=[[Valve Corporation|Valve]] |access-date=2010-07-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704051331/http://store.steampowered.com/news/4012 |archive-date=2010-07-04}}</ref>。2022年1月,云端保存被扩展为动态云端同步,开发时拥有该功能的游戏将在游戏运行时将游戏状态同步到Steam云端,而不是等待用户退出游戏再保存<!-- ; this was added ahead of the portable Steam Deck unit so that users can save from the Deck and then put the unit into a suspended state --><ref>{{cite web | url = https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2022/01/valve-updates-steams-cloud-save-system-to-make-steam-deck-more-intriguing/ | title = Steam Deck will get the trippiest cloud-save functionality we've ever seen | first = Sam | last = Mackovich | date = 2022-01-24 | accessdate = 2022-01-24 | work = [[Ars Technica]] | archive-date = 2022-03-20 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220320055430/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2022/01/valve-updates-steams-cloud-save-system-to-make-steam-deck-more-intriguing/ }}</ref>。2012年5月,该服务增加了用户从包括电脑和移动设备在内远程客户端管理其游戏库的能力;如果用户的Steam客户端目前处于激活和运行状态,用户可以指示Steam通过该服务下载和安装他们拥有的游戏<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gamasutra.com/view/news/169614/Steam_Beta_client_adds_remote_management_functionality.php |title=Steam Beta client adds remote management functionality |first=Mike |last=Rose |date=2012-05-02 |access-date=2012-05-02 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506001825/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/169614/Steam_Beta_client_adds_remote_management_functionality.php |archive-date=2012-05-06}}</ref>。通过第三方零售商销售的[[产品密钥]]也可以在Steam上兑换<ref name="steamworks-retail">{{cite web |title=Steamworks – Retail Support |url=http://www.steampowered.com/steamworks/retailsupport.php |publisher=Valve |access-date=2011-03-04 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110305103035/http://www.steampowered.com/steamworks/retailsupport.php |archive-date=2011-03-05}}</ref>。对于包含Steamworks的游戏,用户可以从其他供应商处购买兑换码,并在Steam客户端中兑换,将游戏添加到他们的库中。Steam还提供了一个用于销售和分发游戏的[[可下载内容]](DLC)的框架<ref>{{cite web |url=http://store.steampowered.com/news/2355/ |title=Steam offers gamers in-game downloadable content |date=2009-03-16 |publisher=Valve |access-date=2009-03-20 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090320035349/http://store.steampowered.com/news/2355 |archive-date=2009-03-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/steam-now-supports-premium-dlc |title=Steam Now Supports Premium DLC |author=Tom Bramwell |work=[[Eurogamer]] |date=2009-03-17 |access-date=2015-05-23 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524061629/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/steam-now-supports-premium-dlc |archive-date=2015-05-24}}</ref>。
現在,Steam平台的客户端有Steam Guard,這個功能旨在保护Steam用戶帳戶的安全。Steam Guard首先需要验证Steam帳戶与一个電子郵箱關聯,當Steam用戶使用一台未知電腦登入Steam帳戶的同時,發送一个包含驗證碼的電子郵件到關聯郵箱中,然后通過在驗證介面輸入驗證碼來確認登入,以加強Steam帳戶的安全性能。


2013年9月,Steam推出了通过授权设备访问自己的库来与家人和朋友分享大多数游戏的功能。被授权的玩家可以在本地安装游戏,并与拥有者的账户分开玩。如果主要所有者不在玩,用户还可以访问他们保存的游戏和成就。当主玩家启动一个游戏,而共享账户正在使用时,共享帐户用户可以在几分钟内保存他们的进度并关闭游戏,或为他或她自己的帐户购买游戏<ref>{{cite web |url=http://store.steampowered.com/news/11436/ |title=Steam Announces Family Sharing |publisher=[[Valve Corporation|Valve]] |date=2013-09-13 |access-date=2013-09-13 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130914013641/http://store.steampowered.com/news/11436/ |archive-date=2013-09-14}}</ref>。在2014年1月推出的家庭视图中,父母可以为他们孩子的绑定账户调整设置,限制其功能和对Steam客户端和购买的游戏的访问<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ign.com/articles/2014/01/09/steam-family-options-now-out-of-beta |title=Steam Family Options Now Out of Beta |first=Lucy |last=O'Brien |date=2014-01-09 |access-date=2015-05-23 |publisher=IGN |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524082135/http://www.ign.com/articles/2014/01/09/steam-family-options-now-out-of-beta |archive-date=2015-05-24}}</ref>。
=== 線上購物系統 ===
Steam採用[[Global Collect]]公司的支付系統進行電子支付,幣種為[[美元]],[[俄羅斯]]、[[巴西]]、[[香港]]、[[台灣]]等本土化地区採用本地幣種進行支付,採用區域定價策略。俄羅斯與[[獨立國家聯合體|獨聯體]]國家普遍定價較低,有部份遊戲限為該區的版本就是「俄區遊戲」。Steam目前支持包括[[PayPal]]、[[VISA]]、[[MasterCard]]、[[American Express]]、[[发现卡|Discover]]、[[JCB]]、[[银联]]、[[微信]]、[[支付宝]](中国大陆)、ClickandBuy、[[MoneyBookers]]、PaySafeCard、{{link-en|WebMoney|WebMoney}}、{{link-de|Sofortüberweisung|Sofortüberweisung}}、[[Carte Bleue]]、DIRECTebanking、Boleto Bancário、Hipercard等在內的多個國際或地區支付方式。


根据其[[可接受使用政策]],当Valve反作弊(Valve's Anti-Cheat,VAC)软件确定用户在多人游戏中作弊、利用地区价格差异向他人出售帐户或交易游戏时,Valve保留阻止用户访问其游戏和Steam服务的权利<ref name="ownsteamgames">{{cite web |url=http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2012/02/01/thought-do-we-own-our-steam-games/ |title=Thought: Do We Own Our Steam Games? |first=John |last=Walker |date=2012-02-01 |access-date=2013-07-01 |work=[[Rock, Paper, Shotgun]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604011532/http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2012/02/01/thought-do-we-own-our-steam-games/ |archive-date=2013-06-04}}</ref>。封锁此类用户最初会取消他或她的其他游戏的访问权限,导致一些拥有高价值帐户的用户因轻微违规行为而失去访问权限<ref>{{cite web |last=Webster |first=Andrew |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2011/03/steam-user-violates-subscriber-agreement-loses-1800-in-games/ |title=Steam user violates subscriber agreement, loses $1,800 in games |date=2011-03-14 |access-date=2014-01-14 |work=Ars Technica |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116071128/http://arstechnica.com/gaming/2011/03/steam-user-violates-subscriber-agreement-loses-1800-in-games/ |archive-date=2014-01-16}}</ref>。Valve后来改变了它的政策,使其类似于艺电的[[Origin (电子游戏平台)|Origin]]平台,被封锁的用户仍然可以访问他们的游戏,但受到严格的限制,只能在离线模式下进行游戏并且无法使用Steam社区功能<ref>{{cite web |last=Usher |first=William |url=http://www.cinemablend.com/games/Valve-Updates-Steam-Account-Policy-You-Can-Now-Access-Your-Games-Banned-41650.html |title=Valve Updates Steam's Account Policy, You Can Now Access Your Games While Banned |date=2012-04-21 |access-date=2014-01-14 |work=Cinema Blend |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116074140/http://www.cinemablend.com/games/Valve-Updates-Steam-Account-Policy-You-Can-Now-Access-Your-Games-Banned-41650.html |archive-date=2014-01-16}}</ref>。如果用户拒绝接受Steam[[最终用户许可协议]]的更改,他们也将无法访问他们的游戏和Steam帐户;最后一次更改发生在2012年8月<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ign.com/articles/2012/09/25/valve-facing-legal-trouble-over-steam-agreement |title=Valve Facing Legal Trouble over Steam Agreement&nbsp;– German consumer advocacy group objects to Steam's policy |first=Andrew |last=Goldfarb |date=2012-09-24 |work=IGN |access-date=2014-03-22 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322160111/http://www.ign.com/articles/2012/09/25/valve-facing-legal-trouble-over-steam-agreement |archive-date=2014-03-22}}</ref>。2015年4月,Valve开始允许开发者在steam层面禁止个别玩家访问该开发者的游戏,这使开发者可自行监管其游戏社区<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vg247.com/2015/04/30/steam-game-ban-system-lets-developers-determine-who-to-block/ |title=Steam Game Ban system lets developers determine who to block |first=Brenna |last=Hillier |date=2015-04-29 |access-date=2015-04-29 |work=[[VG247]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150502025235/http://www.vg247.com/2015/04/30/steam-game-ban-system-lets-developers-determine-who-to-block/ |archive-date=2015-05-02}}</ref>。
2016年4月,威尔乌開始接受[[比特幣]]進行電子支付,但在2017年12月宣佈不再接受比特幣,理由是手續費暴增且幣值波動劇烈。<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://steamcommunity.com/games/593110/announcements/detail/1464096684955433613 |title=Steam 不再支援 Bitcoin |accessdate=2017-12-13 |archive-date=2017-12-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213105255/https://steamcommunity.com/games/593110/announcements/detail/1464096684955433613 |dead-url=no }}</ref>


=== 反作弊反盜版 ===
=== 商城特色 ===
Steam客户端包括一个名为Steam商店(Steam Store)的數位商城,用户可以通过它购买电脑游戏。购买游戏后,软件许可证将永久附加到用户的Steam帐户,允许他们在任何兼容设备上下载软件。在某些条件下,可以将游戏许可证授予其他帐户。内容由国际服务器网络使用专有的文件[[网络传输协议|传输协议]]提供<ref name="contentserver-stats">{{cite web |url=http://store.steampowered.com/stats/content |title=Content Server Stats |publisher=Valve |access-date=2008-11-15 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081104222311/http://store.steampowered.com/stats/content/ |archive-date=2008-11-04}}(点击“View individual server statistics”)</ref>。截至2015年,Steam根据用户的位置以[[美元]]、[[加拿大元]]、[[欧元]]、[[英镑]]、[[巴西雷亚尔]]、[[俄罗斯卢布]]、[[印度尼西亚卢比]]及[[印度卢比]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://in.ign.com/pc/82747/news/steam-introduces-indian-currency-to-its-online-store |title=Steam introduces Indian currency to its online store |work=IGN |date=2015-11-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728085558/http://in.ign.com/pc/82747/news/steam-introduces-indian-currency-to-its-online-store |archive-date=2017-07-28}}</ref>销售其产品<ref>{{cite web |url=http://store.steampowered.com/news/2110/ |title=Steam News&nbsp;&nbsp;– European Local Currency Available |date=2008-12-17 |publisher=Valve |access-date=2008-12-18 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218232920/http://store.steampowered.com/news/2110/ |archive-date=2008-12-18}}</ref>。2010年12月,客户端开始支援{{link-en|WebMoney}}支付系统,该系统在许多欧洲、中东和亚洲国家都很流行。2016年4月至2017年12月,Steam接受了[[比特币]]支付,但后来由于币值波动剧烈和服务费高昂而放弃了对它的支援<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2016/4/27/11521582/steam-bitcoin-payment-international-integration |title=Steam now lets you buy your games in bitcoin |work=[[Polygon]] |date=2016-04-07 |access-date=2016-04-27 |first=Allegra |last=Frank |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160428080145/http://www.polygon.com/2016/4/27/11521582/steam-bitcoin-payment-international-integration |archive-date=2016-04-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/valve-drops-bitcoin-as-a-steam-payment-option/ |title=Valve drops Bitcoin as a Steam payment option |first=Andy |last=Chalk |date=2017-12-06 |access-date=2017-12-06 |work=[[PC Gamer]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206184828/http://www.pcgamer.com/valve-drops-bitcoin-as-a-steam-payment-option/ |archive-date=2017-12-06}}</ref>。Steam店面会验证用户所在地区;由于发行日期、游戏分类或与发行商的协议,部分游戏可能仅限于特定地区购买。自2010年以来,Steam翻译服务({{lang|en|Steam Translation Server}})项目在用户的帮助下已将Steam客户端、店面和部分Valve游戏翻译成28种语言<ref>{{cite web |url=https://translation.steampowered.com |title=Steam Translation Server&nbsp;– Welcome |publisher=Valve |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100806105337/http://translation.steampowered.com/ |archive-date=2010-08-06}}</ref>。Steam还允许用户购买游戏的[[可下载内容]](DLC),并且某些特定游戏(例如《[[絕地要塞2]]》)可以购买游戏内库存物品。2015年2月,Steam开始为第三方游戏开放类似的游戏内物品购买选项<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2015/02/06/valve-gives-developers-more-room-to-play-with-your-steam-inventory.aspx |title=Valve Gives Developers Power To Create In-Game Steam Inventory Drops Like Team Fortress 2 |first=Mike |last=Futter |date=2015-02-06 |access-date=2015-02-06 |magazine=[[Game Informer]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209074852/http://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2015/02/06/valve-gives-developers-more-room-to-play-with-your-steam-inventory.aspx |archive-date=2015-02-09}}</ref>。
維爾福公司在Steam的網頁論壇上宣佈了新的[[維爾福反作弊系統]](VAC2)的問世,並進入了最後的測試階段。VAC2支持所有由維爾福出品的遊戲及第三方模組。這個反作弊系統會禁止作弊人士的帳號連接使用VAC的伺服器。VAC2將會掃描電腦的記憶體,確保玩家對遊戲中的畫面、速度等沒有任何改變。


Valve经常与游戏开发商和发行商合作,每天和每周提供游戏折扣销售,有时针对发行商、类型或假日主题,有时还允许在折扣销售期间免费试用游戏。该网站通常在每年夏季和假日销售期间提供大量的游戏折扣,包括将这些销售[[游戏化]]以激励用户购买更多游戏<ref>{{cite web |last=Garrett |first=Patrick |date=2014-06-25 |title=Bargain basement: Has the Steam Sale finally jumped the shark? |url=http://www.vg247.com/2014/06/25/steam-sale-jumped-the-shark/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707024002/http://www.vg247.com/2014/06/25/steam-sale-jumped-the-shark/ |archive-date=2015-07-07 |access-date=2015-04-28 |work=[[VG247]]}}</ref>。
VAC不僅在反作弊中有用,同時也會阻止盜版使用者進入多人遊戲內。到現在VAC也還沒有傳出被人成功破解的消息。


Steam商店的用户还可以购买游戏和其他软件作为礼物赠送给其他Steam用户。2017年5月前,用户可以将购买的礼物保留在个人的库中,直到他们选择送礼为止。然而,这一功能使一些游戏出现了灰色市场,在游戏价格比其他地方低很多的国家,用户可以囤积可赠送的游戏并出售给其他国家的用户,尤其是在价格高得多的地区<ref>{{cite web |url=http://steamed.kotaku.com/steam-users-are-concerned-about-valves-new-gift-policy-1794922544 |title=Steam Users Are Concerned About Valve's New Gift Policy |first=Nathan |last=Grayson |date=2017-05-04 |access-date=2017-05-04 |work=[[Kotaku]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170505112940/http://steamed.kotaku.com/steam-users-are-concerned-about-valves-new-gift-policy-1794922544 |archive-date=2017-05-05}}</ref>。2016年8月,Valve更改了其赠送政策,要求将带有VAC和游戏禁令(Game Ban)的游戏立即赠与另一名Steam用户,这也是为了打击那些绕过VAC和游戏禁令的玩家<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vg247.com/2016/08/05/steam-imposes-new-restrictions-on-gifting-multiplayer-vac-protected-games-could-impact-honest-users/ |title=Steam imposes new restrictions on gifting multiplayer VAC-protected games, could impact honest users |first=Sherid |last=Saed |date=2016-08-05 |access-date=2016-08-05 |work=[[VG247]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806165216/http://www.vg247.com/2016/08/05/steam-imposes-new-restrictions-on-gifting-multiplayer-vac-protected-games-could-impact-honest-users/ |archive-date=2016-08-06}}</ref>,而在2017年5月,Valve将这一政策扩展到所有游戏<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vg247.com/2017/05/04/steam-introduces-a-big-limitation-to-the-way-gifting-works/ |title=Steam introduces a big limitation to the way gifting works |first=Sharif |last=Saed |date=2017-05-05 |access-date=2017-05-05 |work=[[VG247]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508104143/http://www.vg247.com/2017/05/04/steam-introduces-a-big-limitation-to-the-way-gifting-works/ |archive-date=2017-05-08}}</ref>。如果两个不同地区之间的游戏价格有很大差异,Valve还会限制这些国家的用户间赠送礼物<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/297479/Valve_has_overhauled_the_way_Steam_handles_game_gifting.php |title=Valve has overhauled the way Steam handles game gifting |first=Alissa |last=McAloon |date=2017-05-04 |access-date=2017-05-04 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170505152943/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/297479/Valve_has_overhauled_the_way_Steam_handles_game_gifting.php |archive-date=2017-05-05}}</ref>。
不過,有玩家批評,VAC會誤判,其原因可能是電腦裡有疑似作弊的程式。并且在CSGO游戏中外挂成风,VAC并没有起到什么关键性的作用。然而,VAC是根據使用者帳號的封鎖,不波及其他共用電腦的帳號。


Steam商店还允许用户兑换商店[[产品密钥]],以添加他们库中的软件。密钥由第三方供应商出售,例如[[Humble Bundle]]。Steam密钥存在{{link-en|灰色市场|grey market}},买家可以低价购买大量Steam密钥,然后以高价将这些密钥转售给用户或其他第三方网站,从而谋润<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2014/03/28/retailer-scam-resells-humble-bundle-games-reaps-profit.aspx |title=Retailer Scam Re-Sells Humble Bundle Games, Reaps Profit Off Charity |first=Isaac |last=Federspiel |date=2014-03-28 |access-date=2016-03-09 |magazine=[[Game Informer]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307115455/http://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2014/03/28/retailer-scam-resells-humble-bundle-games-reaps-profit.aspx |archive-date=2016-03-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://gamasutra.com/blogs/MichaelGnade/20160307/267385/How_Steam_key_Reselling_is_Killing_the_Little_Guys.php |title=How Steam key Reselling is Killing the Little Guys |first=Michael |last=Gnade |work=[[Gamasutra]] |date=2016-03-09 |access-date=2016-03-09 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309100255/http://gamasutra.com/blogs/MichaelGnade/20160307/267385/How_Steam_key_Reselling_is_Killing_the_Little_Guys.php |archive-date=2016-03-09}}</ref>。这导致一些第三方网站,例如{{link-en|G2A}},被卷入了这个灰色市场<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.destructoid.com/riot-bans-key-reseller-g2a-from-sponsoring-league-teams-314273.phtml |title=Riot bans key reseller G2A from sponsoring League teams |first1=Joe |last1=Parlock |date=2015-10-07 |website=[[Destructoid]] |access-date=2016-01-08 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105044632/http://www.destructoid.com/riot-bans-key-reseller-g2a-from-sponsoring-league-teams-314273.phtml |archive-date=2016-01-05}}</ref>。Humble Bundle已经设定了获得Steam密钥必须花费的最低价格,以阻止游戏进入灰色市场<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/humble-indie-bundle-sets-minimum-1-donation-thanks-to-steam-scam/ |title=Humble Indie Bundle sets minimum $1 donation thanks to Steam scam |first=Henry |last=Winchester |date=2011-12-21 |access-date=2016-03-09 |work=[[PC Gamer]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310025310/http://www.pcgamer.com/humble-indie-bundle-sets-minimum-1-donation-thanks-to-steam-scam/ |archive-date=2016-03-10}}</ref>。2021年6月,Valve开始限制Steam用户改变默认地区的频率,以防止用户以更低的价格购买从所属地区外购买游戏<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-is-making-it-harder-to-get-cheap-games-from-other-regions/ | title = Steam is making it harder to get cheap games from other regions | first = Mollie | last = Taylor | date = 2021-06-23 | access-date = 2021-06-27 | work = [[PC Gamer]] | archive-date = 2022-05-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220512034115/https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-is-making-it-harder-to-get-cheap-games-from-other-regions/ }}</ref>。
=== 自動更新系統 ===
能夠自動進行更新,而不需玩家自己手動更新,但在初期時常發生在更新時突然當機的情況。隨著Valve公司不斷改善,這個問題已獲得解決,整個系統也變得越來越實用。而除了當機的問題外,初期也發生過頻寬不足的問題,原因在於更新時系統會自動選擇最快速的伺服器來進行更新檔下载,這問題則直到Valve公司尋求外來資助後才逐漸獲得解決。


2013年,Steam开始接受玩家对游戏的评论。其他用户可将评论标注为有价值、无价值或欢乐,游戏的Steam商店页面上会突出被认为最有价值的评论。Steam还会汇总这些评论,使用户能够在浏览商店时根据这些反馈对产品进行分类<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/205643/Valve_gives_players_a_louder_voice_with_Steam_Reviews.php |title=Valve gives players a louder voice with Steam Reviews |first=Chris |last=Kerr |date=2013-11-25 |access-date=2016-05-04 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160721044709/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/205643/Valve_gives_players_a_louder_voice_with_Steam_Reviews.php |archive-date=2016-07-21}}</ref>。2016年5月,steam开始突出显示最近发布的评论,并将评论得分区分为过去30天内的评论和所有的评论,Valve表示此举是因为游戏的更新可以改变用户对游戏的印象<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/271954/Steam_user_reviews_updated_to_better_reflect_changing_game_experiences.php |title=Steam user reviews updated to better reflect changing game experiences |date=2016-05-04 |access-date=2016-05-04 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |first=Chris |last=Kerr |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505013115/http://gamasutra.com/view/news/271954/Steam_user_reviews_updated_to_better_reflect_changing_game_experiences.php |archive-date=2016-05-05}}</ref>。为了防止开发者或其他第三方代理滥用评论系统,Valve在2016年9月修改了评论系统,通过密钥激活产品(而不是直接从Steam商店购买)以及购买后退款的用户发布的评论将不再计入评论得分,但他们的评论仍然可见<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vg247.com/2016/09/13/steam-review-system-overhauled-to-prevent-abuse/ |title=Steam review system overhauled to prevent abuse |first=Shabana |last=Arif |date=2016-09-13 |access-date=2016-09-13 |work=[[VG247]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914153606/http://www.vg247.com/2016/09/13/steam-review-system-overhauled-to-prevent-abuse/ |archive-date=2016-09-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Steam评测系统改进:免费激活者、退款者评测不计分 |url=https://www.gamersky.com/news/201703/878124.shtml |website=[[游民星空]] |accessdate=2022-05-16 |date=2017-03-10 |archive-date=2017-03-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312214915/http://www.gamersky.com/news/201703/878124.shtml }}</ref>。2019年3月,Steam开始识别离题的[[评论轰炸]],并将它们从评论得分中剔除。首款Steam采取此类行动的游戏是[[邊緣禁地系列]],该系列游戏因《Borderlands 3》被宣布将成为[[Epic游戏商店]]的限时独家游戏遭到玩家负评轰炸<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/3/15/18267821/valve-steam-review-bombing-policy-remove-score-count-moderation |title=Valve says it will investigate Steam review bombing campaigns and hide bad-faith scores |last=Liptak |first=Andrew |date=2019-03-15 |website=The Verge |access-date=2019-03-25 |archive-date=2020-05-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200528231840/https://www.theverge.com/2019/3/15/18267821/valve-steam-review-bombing-policy-remove-score-count-moderation }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/04/steams-review-bomb-fix-is-so-far-failing-its-first-big-test/ |title=Borderlands review bomb triggers Steam's 'off topic' fix |first=Kyle |last=Orland |date=2019-04-05 |access-date=2019-04-06 |work=[[Ars Technica]] |archive-date=2020-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918120529/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/04/steams-review-bomb-fix-is-so-far-failing-its-first-big-test/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=《无主之地2》成为首个“恶评轰炸”被排除的Steam游戏 |url=http://www.vgtime.com/topic/1051929.jhtml |website=[[游戏时光]] |accessdate=2022-05-16 |date=2019-04-07 |archive-date=2020-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203214051/http://www.vgtime.com/topic/1051929.jhtml }}</ref>。
=== 好友社區系統 ===
好友系統使得玩家們有了新的交流方式。就如[[MSN]]一樣,好友系統也可以儲存好友於自己的名單中,且顯示出好友是否上線或在忙碌中等狀態,並了解其在於全球網路的哪個伺服器上。同時,Steam平台上亦有玩家群組和討論區。(須充值5美元於Steam錢包內或累计5美元購買遊戲/軟件解锁完整的好友功能)


2011年中期,Valve开始提供[[网络游戏免费模式|含有付费内容的免费游戏]],如《{{link-en|全球议程|Global Agenda}}》、《{{link-en|螺旋武士|Spiral Knights}}》和《{{link-en|冠军在线|Champions Online}}》;这一举动与Valve自家的《[[絕地要塞2]]》成为含有付费内容的免费游戏有关<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.wired.com/gamelife/2011/06/free-steam-games/ |title=Valve Introduces Free-to-Play Games to Steam |first=Mark |last=Brown |date=2011-06-15 |access-date=2022-05-16 |magazine=[[连线|Wired]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823055935/http://www.wired.com/gamelife/2011/06/free-steam-games |archive-date=2011-08-23}}</ref>。Valve通过Steamworks支持免费游戏中的物品通过Steam的购买渠道进行微交易,其方式与《絕地要塞2》的游戏内商店类似<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/37056/Valves_Steam_Trading_Leaves_Beta_Adds_Portal_2_Support.php |title=Valve's Steam Trading Leaves Beta, Adds Portal 2 Support |first=Frank |last=Cifaldi |date=2011-09-06 |access-date=2011-09-07 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111109061841/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/37056/Valves_Steam_Trading_Leaves_Beta_Adds_Portal_2_Support.php |archive-date=2011-11-09}}</ref>。2011年12月,Valve推出Steam优惠券,可以由开发商和发行商提供给用户;用户也可以在朋友之间以类似于礼物和游戏内物品的方式交易这些优惠券。2015年5月,[[GameStop]]开始销售Steam钱包充值卡<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnston |first=Casey |date=2012-05-14 |title=GameStop to sell Steam Wallet cards in-store |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2012/05/gamestop-to-sell-steam-wallet-cards-in-store/ |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us |archive-date=2022-04-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405160335/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2012/05/gamestop-to-sell-steam-wallet-cards-in-store/ }}</ref>。2012年12月,Steam市场(Steam Market)作为测试版功能推出,该功能允许用户通过Steam钱包余额的向他人出售虚拟物品。Valve征收15%的交易费,使用Steam市场的游戏发行商也要支付交易费。《絕地要塞2》是首款在测试阶段支持该功能的游戏<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gamespot.com/news/valve-launches-steam-market-6401485 |title=Valve launches Steam Market |first=Eddie |last=Makuch |date=2012-12-12 |access-date=2022-05-16 |work=[[GameSpot]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121215212803/http://www.gamespot.com/news/valve-launches-steam-market-6401485 |archive-date=2012-12-15}}</ref>。2013年4月,Steam开始支持基于[[订阅]]的游戏,首款使用订阅服务的游戏是《{{link-en|暗黑破坏神之战|Darkfall Unholy Wars}}》<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2013-04-25-steam-introduces-subscription-plans |title=Steam introduces subscription plans |first=Jeffrey |last=Matulef |date=2013-04-25 |access-date=2013-04-25 |work=[[Eurogamer]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427232900/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2013-04-25-steam-introduces-subscription-plans |archive-date=2013-04-27}}</ref>。
从2008年起,Steam支持了Steam云功能,玩家可以上传游戏截图到社区分享,也可以使用云存档功能实现游戏进度的同步。<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.shacknews.com/onearticle.x/52906|title=Valve Announces Steam Cloud; Online Network to Store Saved Games Indefinitely|accessdate=2018-03-19|work=Shacknews|language=en|archive-date=2008-09-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905040818/http://www.shacknews.com/onearticle.x/52906|dead-url=yes}}</ref>但是Valve要求游戏制作者合理使用云功能,玩家可以选择禁用某一特定游戏的Steam云功能。<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://store.steampowered.com/news/4012/|title=新闻 - Steam client update released|accessdate=2018-03-19|work=store.steampowered.com|language=zh-cn|archive-date=2010-07-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704051331/http://store.steampowered.com/news/4012|dead-url=no}}</ref>2012年五月,Steam更新了远程控制功能,可以在电脑网页端和手机移动端通过云服务控制游戏的更新和下载。<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://gamasutra.com/view/news/169614/Steam_Beta_client_adds_remote_management_functionality.php|title=Steam Beta client adds remote management functionality|last=Rose|first=Mike|accessdate=2018-03-19|language=en|archive-date=2012-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506001825/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/169614/Steam_Beta_client_adds_remote_management_functionality.php|dead-url=no}}</ref>


2012年10月,Steam推出了非游戏类的应用程序,销售方式通过与游戏相同<ref name="NonGaming">{{cite web |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/2012/10/02/steam-offering-non-game-software/ |title=Steam opens non-game software store |first=Omri |last=Petitte |date=2012-10-02 |access-date=2012-10-02 |work=[[PC Gamer]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003233555/http://www.pcgamer.com/2012/10/02/steam-offering-non-game-software/ |archive-date=2012-10-03}}</ref>。此类应用程序也可以利用Steamworks的功能,包括简化安装、自动更新以及云端保存等功能<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/gaming/2012/8/8/3228247/valve-to-sell-non-gaming-software-on-steam-starting-september-5th |title=Valve to sell non-gaming software on Steam starting September 5th |first=Michael |last=McWhartor |date=2012-08-08 |access-date=2012-08-08 |work=[[The Verge]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120810231309/http://www.theverge.com/gaming/2012/8/8/3228247/valve-to-sell-non-gaming-software-on-steam-starting-september-5th |archive-date=2012-08-10}}</ref>。Steam还允许购买[[遊戲音樂|游戏]][[原声带]],可使用Steam音乐(Steam Music)播放或与用户的其他[[网络机顶盒|媒体播放器]]集成<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/valve-gives-away-game-soundtracks-as-steam-music-g/1100-6422545/ |title=Valve Gives Away Game Soundtracks as Steam Music Goes Live |first=Rob |last=Crossley |date=2014-09-25 |access-date=2015-04-27 |work=[[GameSpot]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104190046/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/valve-gives-away-game-soundtracks-as-steam-music-g/1100-6422545/ |archive-date=2015-01-04}}</ref>。2020年,Valve调整了对原声带的处理方式,不再要求原声带作为DLC提供,这意味着用户可以购买未拥有的游戏的原声带,发行商也可以为不在Steam上的游戏提供原声带<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/2020/1/8/21057328/steam-video-game-soundtrack-dlc-sales-valve |title=Valve just made it way easier to buy game soundtracks on Steam |first=Nicole |last=Carpenter |date=2020-01-08 |access-date=2020-01-08 |work=[[Polygon]] |archive-date=2022-04-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220410152118/https://www.polygon.com/2020/1/8/21057328/steam-video-game-soundtrack-dlc-sales-valve }}</ref>。
=== 伺服器控制台 ===
服务器控制台功能的推出,使得玩家不需要開啟遊戲就能知道伺服器的狀況,包括伺服器的名稱、玩家數量、連線狀態等,也可使用滑鼠右鍵將自己常用的伺服器加入我的最愛。還有可從歷史列表知道玩家之前去過的伺服器,以及知道好友目前在哪個伺服器中。


Valve公司还为发行商增加了通过该服务租赁和销售数字电影的能力,最初大多数是电子游戏[[纪录片]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2015-03-31-devolver-releases-the-first-non-documentary-movie-on-steam |title=Steam releases its first non-documentary movie via Devolver Digital |first=Jeffery |last=Matulef |date=2015-03-31 |access-date=2015-04-28 |work=[[Eurogamer]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150503113649/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2015-03-31-devolver-releases-the-first-non-documentary-movie-on-steam |archive-date=2015-05-03}}</ref>。2015年9月,[[华纳兄弟]]在发布游戏《[[疯狂麦克斯 (2015年游戏)|疯狂的麦克斯]]》时,同时在Steam上发布了[[疯狂麦克斯|该游戏改编自的同名电影]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/252700/Valve_now_selling_all_four_Mad_Max_movies_on_Steam.php |title=Valve now selling all four Mad Max movies on Steam |first=Chris |last=Kerr |date=2015-09-01 |access-date=2016-04-25 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160721044648/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/252700/Valve_now_selling_all_four_Mad_Max_movies_on_Steam.php |archive-date=2016-07-21}}</ref>。后来[[狮门娱乐]]与Valve达成协议,从2016年4月开始将一百多部故事片通过Steam租赁,数月内电影数量持续增加<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/271263/Steam_expands_its_streaming_movie_biz_with_Lionsgate_partnership.php |title=Steam expands its streaming movie biz with Lionsgate partnership |first=Alex |last=Wawro |date=2016-04-25 |access-date=2022-05-16 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426182106/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/271263/Steam_expands_its_streaming_movie_biz_with_Lionsgate_partnership.php |archive-date=2016-04-26}}</ref>。2017年3月,[[Crunchyroll]]开始提供各种可通过Steam购买或租赁的[[日本动画]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2017/3/31/15139174/anime-on-steam-crunchyroll |title=Steam's anime library gets better, thanks to Crunchyroll |first=Allegra |last=Frank |date=2017-03-31 |access-date=2017-03-31 |work=[[Polygon]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170331223003/http://www.polygon.com/2017/3/31/15139174/anime-on-steam-crunchyroll |archive-date=2017-03-31}}</ref>。然而,到了2019年2月,Valve关闭了其店面的“视频”选项卡,只留下与游戏相关的视频<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vg247.com/2019/02/20/steam-movies-videos-going-away/ |title=Steam is getting rid of its video and movie section |first=Sharif |last=Saed |date=2019-02-20 |access-date=2022-05-16 |work=[[VG247]] |archive-date=2021-04-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410191832/https://www.vg247.com/2019/02/20/steam-movies-videos-going-away/ }}</ref>。
=== 遊戲收藏列表 ===
遊戲列表可使玩家選擇戰慄時空系列的其他模組遊玩,或者是藉此下載其他的模組,以節省玩家的時間;玩家只需要在列表前面的圖示上點击一下便可下載遊戲或開啟遊戲進行更新。


Valve曾从所有直接在Steam上进行的销售和交易中收取30%的{{link-en|收入共享|Revenue sharing|收入份额}}{{noteTag|Valve没有从第三方Steam CDK分发平台和实体卡数字版的销售中获得任何分成<ref>{{cite web |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/04/why-valve-actually-gets-less-than-30-percent-of-steam-game-sales/ |title=Why Valve actually gets less than 30 percent of Steam game sales |first=Kyle |last=Orland |date=2019-04-04 |access-date=2022-05-22 |work=[[Ars Technica]] |archive-date=2022-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220722180402/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/04/why-valve-actually-gets-less-than-30-percent-of-steam-game-sales/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。}}。2018年10月,Valve更新了他们的政策,若一款游戏的收入超过1000万美元,Valve收取的收入份额就会减少到25%,而超过5000万美元时则进一步减少到20%<ref>{{cite web |last1=Horti |first1=Samuel |date=December 2018 |title=Valve's new Steam revenue splits favour big-budget games, and indie devs aren't happy |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/valves-new-revenue-sharing-favours-big-budget-games-and-indie-devs-arent-happy/ |access-date=2018-12-02 |website=PC Gamer |archive-date=2019-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120081254/https://www.pcgamer.com/valves-new-revenue-sharing-favours-big-budget-games-and-indie-devs-arent-happy/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。有记者认为这一政策变化是为了吸引大型开发商留在Steam,而不是Origin或Uplay等其他数字店面<ref>{{cite web |last=Orland |first=Kyle |date=2018-12-03 |title=Valve changes developer terms to try to retain top games |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2018/12/steam-now-gives-its-biggest-developers-a-bigger-cut-of-the-revenue/ |access-date=2018-12-03 |work=[[Ars Technica]] |archive-date=2022-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220722180402/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2018/12/steam-now-gives-its-biggest-developers-a-bigger-cut-of-the-revenue/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。而这一决定也遭到了独立开发者和小型游戏开发商的抨击,因为他们的比大型开发商得到的收入更少,付出的却更多<ref>{{cite web |last1=Blake |first1=Vikki |date=2018-12 |title=Steam revises revenue share policy to let "big game" developers keep more of their profits |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2018-12-01-steam-revises-revenue-share-policy-to-let-big-game-developers-keep-more-of-their-profits |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=Eurogamer |archive-date=2022-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317121727/https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2018-12-01-steam-revises-revenue-share-policy-to-let-big-game-developers-keep-more-of-their-profits |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Arif |first1=Shabana |date=2018-12-02 |title=Steam's new tiered revenue share system draws backlash from indie devs |url=https://www.vg247.com/2018/12/02/steams-new-tiered-revenue-share-system-draws-backlash-from-indie-devs/ |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=VG247 |archive-date=2021-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420210554/https://www.vg247.com/2018/12/02/steams-new-tiered-revenue-share-system-draws-backlash-from-indie-devs/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Wilde |first1=Thomas |date=2018-12-02 |title=Valve's new Steam revenue-sharing tiers spur controversy among indie game developers |url=https://www.geekwire.com/2018/valves-new-steam-revenue-sharing-tiers-spur-controversy-among-indie-game-developers/ |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=GeekWire |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702045316/https://www.geekwire.com/2018/valves-new-steam-revenue-sharing-tiers-spur-controversy-among-indie-game-developers/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。
=== SteamOS ===
{{main|SteamOS}}
SteamOS包括了Linux的架构以及为大屏幕模式设计的游戏体验。SteamOS四项主要功能:⑴ 家用流媒体、⑵ 音乐,电视,电影、⑶ 家庭分享、⑷ 家长控制。


Steam允许开发者在任何时候提供其游戏的试玩版。Valve在2019年与[[傑夫·吉斯利]]合作,结合[[游戏大奖]](The Game Awards,TGA)举办了为期一周的Steam游戏节({{lang|en|Steam Game Festival}}),推出大量游戏的试玩版,同时销售已经发布的游戏<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.polygon.com/2019/12/11/21011169/the-game-awards-steam-game-festival-demos | title = The Game Awards offers an E3-esque buffet of Steam demos for unreleased games | first = Austin | last = Goslin | date = 2019-12-11 | access-date = 2021-10-02 | work = [[Polygon]] | archive-date = 2019-12-11 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191211232157/https://www.polygon.com/2019/12/11/21011169/the-game-awards-steam-game-festival-demos | dead-url = no }}</ref>。此后该活动每年举行两到三次,通常与游戏博览会或颁奖活动一起举行,后来改名为Steam Next Fest<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/18/22680782/valve-steam-next-fest-gaming-pc-developers | title = Valve's latest Steam Next Fest for upcoming games will open on October 1st | first = Kim | last = Lyons | date = 2021-09-18 | access-date = 2021-10-02 | work = [[The Verge]] | archive-date = 2022-07-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220702053315/https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/18/22680782/valve-steam-next-fest-gaming-pc-developers | dead-url = no }}</ref>。
== 中国大陆的封锁 ==

2020年6月,Steam点数系统和店面上线。用户通过在Steam上消费获得积分,发布评论、讨论帖和用户生成内容等也有可能得到其它社区成员打赏积分。积分可以在独立的店面中兑换成用户的个人资料和聊天界面的装饰<ref>{{cite web |last=Goslin |first=Austen |date=2020-06-25 |title=Steam's Summer Sale is here |url=https://www.polygon.com/2020/6/25/21303072/steam-summer-sale-2020-dates-points-shop-deals |access-date=2020-06-25 |work=[[Polygon]] |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702060016/https://www.polygon.com/2020/6/25/21303072/steam-summer-sale-2020-dates-points-shop-deals |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Bailey |first=Dustin |date=2020-06-25 |title=Steam Points are Valve's new loyalty reward system – here's how they work |url=https://www.pcgamesn.com/steam/points |access-date=2020-06-26 |work=[[PCGamesN]] |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702062516/https://www.pcgamesn.com/steam/points |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Steam 点数商店 |url=https://store.steampowered.com/points/howitworks |website=Steam |accessdate=2022-05-24 |archive-date=2022-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807111657/https://store.steampowered.com/points/howitworks |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

=== 隐私、安全及滥用 ===
Steam的流行导致其遭到[[黑客]]攻击。2011年11月6日,Steam遭到fkn0wned网站的黑客攻击,Valve暂时关闭了Steam论坛。几天后,Valve报告说,黑客获得了进入Steam数据库的权限,该数据库包括用户的信用卡号、密码、电子邮件地址、帐单地址等个人信息。Valve表示不知道入侵者是否真的访问了这些信息或破解了加密的方法,但强制用户更改Steam论坛密码<ref name="arssteamhack">{{cite web |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/news/2011/11/valve-confirms-steam-hack-credit-cards-personal-info-may-be-stolen.ars |title=Valve confirms Steam hack: credit cards, personal info may be stolen |first=Casey |last=Johnson |date=2011-10-11 |access-date=2011-10-11 |work=Ars Technica |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111111174413/http://arstechnica.com/gaming/news/2011/11/valve-confirms-steam-hack-credit-cards-personal-info-may-be-stolen.ars |archive-date=2011-11-11}}</ref><ref name="registerhack">{{cite web |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/11/09/steam_forum_hack/ |title=Steam games forum down amid hack fears |last=Leyden |first=John |access-date=2011-10-11 |date=2011-09-11 |work=The Register |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111110210227/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/11/09/steam_forum_hack/ |archive-date=2011-11-10}}</ref>。

2011年3月,Valve在Steam客户端增加了Steam令牌({{lang|en|Steam Guard}})功能,以防止[[钓鱼式攻击]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2011-03-03-valve-introduces-steam-guard-to-fight-acount-phishing-and-hijack.html |title=Valve introduces Steam Guard to fight account phishing and hijacking |last=Yoon |first=Andrew |access-date=2022-05-24 |date=2011-03-03 |work=[[Engadget]] |url-status=no |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702072525/https://www.engadget.com/2011-03-03-valve-introduces-steam-guard-to-fight-acount-phishing-and-hijack.html }}</ref>。据宣传,Steam令牌利用了[[英特尔]]的身份保护技术({{lang|en|Identity Protection Technology}},IPT),该技术可用于第二代[[酷睿]]({{lang|en|Core}})处理器和兼容主板硬件。Steam令牌使用户可将其账户锁定在特定的电脑上。一旦锁定,该账户在其他电脑上的活动必须首先得到被锁定电脑上的用户批准。第三方开发者可以通过Steamworks将Steam令牌整合到他们的应用程序中<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/33347/Valve_Unveils_Steam_Guard_For_Account_Security.php |title=Valve Unveils Steam Guard For Account Security |first=Eric |last=Caoili |date=2011-03-03 |access-date=2022-05-24 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110305144304/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/33347/Valve_Unveils_Steam_Guard_For_Account_Security.php |archive-date=2011-03-05}}</ref>。Steam令牌还提供[[多重要素驗證#雙重認證|雙重認證]]和{{link-en|基于风险的认证|Risk-based authentication}},当用户从未知设备登录Steam帐户时,Steam会将一次性验证码发送到与Steam账户已验证的电子邮件地址进行认证<ref>{{cite web |title=Steam 令牌 |url=https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/06B0-26E6-2CF8-254C#what |website=Steam |accessdate=2022-05-24 |archive-date=2022-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220721030520/https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/06b0-26e6-2cf8-254c#what |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2015年,此功能被扩展到Steam的移动应用程序上,即Steam令牌手机验证器(Steam Guard Mobile Authenticator)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2015/4/15/8424587/steam-mobile-app-two-factor-login-steam-guard |title=Valve adds two-factor login authentication to Steam mobile app |first=Michael |last=McWhertor |date=2015-04-15 |access-date=2022-05-24 |work=[[Polygon]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908133151/http://www.polygon.com/2015/4/15/8424587/steam-mobile-app-two-factor-login-steam-guard |archive-date=2015-09-08}}</ref>。

2015年12月,Valve报告称,每月大约有77000个账户被劫持,劫持者通过交易功能清空用户的物品库存<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2015/12/10/steam-account-hijacked-items/ |title=77,000 Steam Accounts Hijacked Each Month For Items |first=Alice |last=O'Conner |date=2015-12-10 |access-date=2015-12-10 |work=[[Rock Paper Shotgun]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151211120718/http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2015/12/10/steam-account-hijacked-items/ |archive-date=2015-12-11}}</ref>。为了提高安全性,该公司宣布将在2016年3月增加新的安全措施,用户必须启用Steam令牌至少15天才可进行交易或使用社区市场<ref name="gamespot mar16">{{cite web |url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/new-steam-security-updates-coming-next-week/1100-6435256/ |title=New Steam Security Updates Coming Next Week |work=[[GameSpot]] |first=Eddie |last=Makuch |date=2016-03-02 |access-date=2016-03-02 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080956/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/new-steam-security-updates-coming-next-week/1100-6435256/ |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=交易与市场限制 |url=https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/451E-96B3-D194-50FC |website=Steam |accessdate=2022-05-27 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702053910/https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/451E-96B3-D194-50FC |dead-url=no }}</ref>。在《[[反恐精英:全球攻势]]》的[[皮膚賭博#反恐精英:全球攻势|皮肤赌博风波]]后,Valve在2016年7月表示正在打击第三方网站利用Steam库存交易进行[[皮肤赌博]]的行为<ref>{{Cite web |last=Frank |first=Allegra |date=2016-07-13 |title=Valve says it's going after gambling sites that use Steam |url=https://www.polygon.com/2016/7/13/12179462/valve-csgo-betting-sites-shut-down-steam |access-date=2022-02-26 |website=Polygon |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702053905/https://www.polygon.com/2016/7/13/12179462/valve-csgo-betting-sites-shut-down-steam |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

商业漏洞研究公司ReVuln于2012年10月发表的论文指出,Steam浏览器[[網路傳輸協定|协议]]存在安全风险,用户只需在浏览器中点击恶意制作的<code>steam://</code>网址就可以实现恶意攻击<ref name="SecurityLoophole">{{cite web |first=Tom |last=Senior |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/2012/10/16/steam-security-breachxx/ |title=Steam browser security loophole spotted |work=[[PC Gamer]] |date=2012-10-16 |access-date=2013-05-29 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812215543/http://www.pcgamer.com/2012/10/16/steam-security-breachxx/ |archive-date=2013-08-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Orland |first=Kyle |title=Steam vulnerability can lead to remote insertion of malicious code |url=https://arstechnica.com/security/2012/10/steam-vulnerability-can-lead-to-remote-insertion-of-malicious-code/ |work=Ars Technica |date=2012-10-17 |access-date=2013-11-23 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202235052/http://arstechnica.com/security/2012/10/steam-vulnerability-can-lead-to-remote-insertion-of-malicious-code/ |archive-date=2013-12-02}}</ref><ref name="h-online.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.h-online.com/security/news/item/Report-Steam-poses-security-risk-1731562.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104220716/http://www.h-online.com/security/news/item/Report-Steam-poses-security-risk-1731562.html |archive-date=2013-11-04 |title=Report: Steam poses security risk |work=The H Security |date=2012-10-17 |access-date=2013-11-22}}</ref>。这是继育碧的游戏分发平台Uplay出现问题后,第二个游戏相关软件的严重漏洞<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.h-online.com/security/news/item/Ubisoft-DRM-opens-backdoor-1655653.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019055922/http://www.h-online.com/security/news/item/Ubisoft-DRM-opens-backdoor-1655653.html |archive-date=2013-10-19 |title=Ubisoft DRM opens backdoor |work=The H Security |date=2012-07-30 |access-date=2013-11-22}}</ref>。德国IT平台{{link-en|Heise online}}建议将游戏和敏感数据严格分开,例如使用一台专门用于游戏的电脑,或在同一台电脑上使用第二个Windows账户进行游戏等<ref name="h-online.com" />。

2015年7月,软件的bug导致用户可以通过使用客户端的“忘记密码”功能重置任何账户的密码。这导致一些高知名度的职业玩家和主播无法访问其账户<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.computerworld.com/article/2953016/cybercrime-hacking/valve-patches-huge-password-reset-hole-that-allowed-anyone-to-hijack-steam-accounts.html |title=Valve patches huge password reset hole that allowed anyone to hijack Steam accounts |author=Darlene Storm |date=2015-07-27 |work=Computerworld |access-date=2016-01-08 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151228075443/http://www.computerworld.com/article/2953016/cybercrime-hacking/valve-patches-huge-password-reset-hole-that-allowed-anyone-to-hijack-steam-accounts.html |archive-date=2015-12-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2015/07/27/steams-account-stealing-password-reset-exploit-fixed/ |title=Steam's account-stealing password reset bug fixed |work=Naked Security |date=2015-07-27 |access-date=2016-01-08 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225194542/https://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2015/07/27/steams-account-stealing-password-reset-exploit-fixed/ |archive-date=2015-12-25}}</ref>。2015年12月,Steam的[[內容傳遞網路]]在应对[[阻斷服務攻擊|DDoS攻击]]时被错误配置,导致包含邮件地址、购买历史等个人信息的缓存商店页面被泄漏给34000名用户<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2015/12/25/10665814/valve-steam-holiday-sale-security-problems |title=Steam security issue exposes users' personal information |author=Adi Robertson |date=2015-12-25 |publisher=Vox Media |work=The Verge |access-date=2016-01-08 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106084527/http://www.theverge.com/2015/12/25/10665814/valve-steam-holiday-sale-security-problems |archive-date=2016-01-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2015/12/30/10690446/valve-christmas-breach-denial-of-service-attack-apology |title=Valve apologizes for Christmas breach, citing denial-of-service attack |author=Russell Brandom |date=2015-12-30 |publisher=Vox Media |work=The Verge |access-date=2016-01-08 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160104030024/http://www.theverge.com/2015/12/30/10690446/valve-christmas-breach-denial-of-service-attack-apology |archive-date=2016-01-04}}</ref>。

2018年4月,Valve为Steam用户增加了新的隐私设置,用户能够将其当前的活动状态、游戏列表、好友列表、库存等设置为私密、只对好友可见或公开。该变化影响了部分第三方服务,如依靠公开数据来估计Steam的游戏销量的[[Steam Spy]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/4/11/17225188/steam-appear-invisible-setting |title=Steam tweaks privacy settings, will soon let you be invisible while online |first=Charlie |last=Hall |date=2018-04-11 |access-date=2018-04-11 |work=[[Polygon]] |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702053408/https://www.polygon.com/2018/4/11/17225188/steam-appear-invisible-setting |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://kotaku.com/game-developers-mourn-and-celebrate-the-end-of-steam-1825188029 |title=Game Developers Mourn (And Celebrate) The End Of Steam Spy |first=Nathan |last=Grayson |date=2018-04-11 |access-date=2022-05-28 |work=[[Kotaku]] |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702053513/https://kotaku.com/game-developers-mourn-and-celebrate-the-end-of-steam-1825188029 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

Valve于2018年5月在{{link-en|HackerOne}}平台上设立了{{link-en|Bug赏金计划|Bug bounty program}},以鼓励人们报告Steam的bug。用户报告的bug会被通用漏洞评分系统(CVSS)进行评级和打分,低分漏洞能让提供者获得最多200美元,而高分漏洞的价值可达2000美元<ref>{{cite web |author1=夜雨陈灯 |editor1=从零开始 |title=V社开启“BUG赏金计划” 一个漏洞就值2000美刀 |url=https://www.gamersky.com/news/201805/1046348.shtml |website=[[游民星空]] |accessdate=2022-05-28 |date=2018-05-11 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702053303/https://www.gamersky.com/news/201805/1046348.shtml |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2019年8月,一名安全研究人员曝光了Steam的Windows客户端的一个[[零日攻击|零日漏洞]],该漏洞允许任何用户只用几个简单的命令就能以LocalSystem的权限运行任意代码。该漏洞被通过该程序报告给了Valve,但最初因“超出范围”而被Valve拒绝。在同一用户发现第二个漏洞后,Valve道歉并修补了这两个漏洞,并扩大了该计划的规则,以便在未来接受任何其他类似的问题<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/08/severe-local-0-day-escalation-exploit-found-in-steam-client-services/ |title=Severe local 0-Day escalation exploit found in Steam Client Services |last=Salter |first=Jim |date=2019-08-07 |website=Ars Technica |access-date=2019-08-26 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702045342/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/08/severe-local-0-day-escalation-exploit-found-in-steam-client-services/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Horti |first1=Samuel |title=Valve admits it mistakenly dismissed Steam security flaw |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/valve-admits-it-mistakenly-dismissed-steam-security-flaw/ |website=PC Gamer |date=2019-08-25 |access-date=2019-08-26 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702053303/https://www.pcgamer.com/valve-admits-it-mistakenly-dismissed-steam-security-flaw/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

[[反诽谤联盟]]在2020年4月发布了一份报告,称Steam社区中存在[[纳粹主义]]、[[白人至上主义]]等[[极端主义]]的仇恨性内容<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=D'Anastasio |first=Cecilia |date=2020-04-30 |title=The ADL Calls Out Steam for Giving Extremists a Pass |language=en-US |magazine=Wired |url=https://www.wired.com/story/valve-steam-adl-white-supremacy-extremism/ |access-date=2022-05-28 |issn=1059-1028 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702053506/https://www.wired.com/story/valve-steam-adl-white-supremacy-extremism/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

=== 使用者界面及功能 ===
玩家可以将非Steam游戏添加到他们的库中<ref>{{cite web |title=在游戏库添加非 Steam 游戏 |url=https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/4B8B-9697-2338-40EC |website=Steam |accessdate=2022-05-29 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702053714/https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/4B8B-9697-2338-40EC |dead-url=no }}</ref>。在游戏中,玩家可以打开名为Steam Overlay游戏内的界面,以在玩游戏的同时使用部分Steam社区功能,如打开好友列表、Steam聊天以及组/游戏邀请等<ref>{{cite web |title=Steam 社区界面 |url=https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/3978-072C-18DF-FBF9 |website=Steam |accessdate=2022-05-29 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702064550/https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/3978-072C-18DF-FBF9 |dead-url=no }}</ref>,此外还可使用内置的网络浏览器<ref>{{cite web |title=Steam 界面 |url=https://partner.steamgames.com/doc/features/overlay?l=schinese |website=Steamworks 文献库 |accessdate=2022-05-29 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702064527/https://partner.steamgames.com/doc/features/overlay?l=schinese |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2011年2月起,用户可使用该界面对正在运行的游戏进行[[截图]]并自动存储<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/steam-screenshot-feature-now-in-beta/ |title=Steam Screenshot Feature Now in Beta |author=Tom Senior |work=[[PC Gamer]] |date=2011-02-01 |access-date=2022-05-08 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518065936/http://www.pcgamer.com/steam-screenshot-feature-now-in-beta/ |archive-date=2015-05-18}}</ref>,还可在截图管理器中将其分享至[[Facebook]]、[[Twitter]]、[[Reddit]]等网站<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.shacknews.com/article/67641/steam-screenshot-feature-now-available |title=Steam Screenshot Feature Out of Beta |author=Steve Watts |work=[[Shacknews]] |date=2011-02-25 |access-date=2022-05-08 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518103118/http://www.shacknews.com/article/67641/steam-screenshot-feature-now-available |archive-date=2015-05-18}}</ref>。

Steam的“大屏幕”({{lang|en|Big Picture}})模式于2011年公布<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/valve-announces-big-picture-mode-for-steam/ |title=Valve Announce "Big Picture Mode" for Steam |work=[[PC Gamer]] |date=2011-02-27 |access-date=2015-04-26 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924181536/http://www.pcgamer.com/valve-announces-big-picture-mode-for-steam/ |archive-date=2022-05-30}}</ref>,2012年9月开始公测,2012年12月正式推出<ref name="pcmag">{{cite web |url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2412816,00.asp |title=Valve Takes Steam's Big Picture Gaming Mode Public |work=PC Magazine |date=2012-12-03 |access-date=2012-12-03 |first=Stephanie |last=Mlot |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121205133213/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2412816,00.asp |archive-date=2012-12-05}}</ref>。大屏幕模式为{{link-en|10英尺用户界面|10-foot user interface}},它优化了Steam的显示效果,使其能够在高清电视上运行,用户可使用游戏手柄或用键盘和鼠标操控在电视上运行的Steam<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ingame.msnbc.msn.com/technology/ingame/valve-will-put-pc-games-your-tv-fall-948682 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821020606/http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/ingame/valve-will-put-pc-games-your-tv-fall-948682 |title=Valve will put PC games on your TV this fall |first=Winda |last=Benedetti |date=2012-08-17 |access-date=2022-05-30 |archive-date=2012-08-21 |work=[[MSNBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Steam 大屏幕模式 |url=https://help.steampowered.com/zh/faqs/view/3725-76D3-3F31-FB63#platforms |website=Steam |accessdate=2022-05-30 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702062625/https://help.steampowered.com/zh/faqs/view/3725-76D3-3F31-FB63#platforms |dead-url=no }}</ref>。随着Steam Deck的推出,Valve表示,他们最终将以Steam Deck的用户界面取代大屏幕模式<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.pcgamer.com/steams-big-picture-mode-will-be-replaced-by-steam-decks-ui/ | title = Steam's Big Picture mode will be replaced by Steam Deck's UI | first = Shaun | last = Prescott | date = 2021-07-20 | access-date = 2022-05-30 | work = [[PC Gamer]] | archive-date = 2022-07-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220702062626/https://www.pcgamer.com/steams-big-picture-mode-will-be-replaced-by-steam-decks-ui/ | dead-url = no }}</ref>。

2012年,Valve公布了“Steam校园版”({{lang|en|Steam for Schools}}),为面向学校的Steam客户端<ref>{{Cite web |title=foundry10 - education research |url=http://www.foundry10.org/programs/games-and-learning/portal-2 |access-date=2021-05-27 |website=www.foundry10.org |archive-date=2022-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622124601/https://www.foundry10.org/programs/games-and-learning/portal-2 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。这是Valve支持{{link-en|学习游戏化|Gamification of learning|课堂教学游戏化}}的倡议的一部分。该客户端将赠送《[[傳送門2]]》和,教师可通过类似Steam创意工坊的界面创建和分享关卡<ref>{{cite web |last=Narcisse |first=Evan |date=2012-06-20 |title=Valve Gives Away Portal 2 for Free to Teachers with 'Steam for Schools' |url=http://kotaku.com/5919912/valve-gives-away-portal-2-for-free-to-teachers-with-steam-for-schools |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623193304/http://kotaku.com/5919912/valve-gives-away-portal-2-for-free-to-teachers-with-steam-for-schools |archive-date=2012-06-23 |access-date=2022-05-30 |work=Kotaku}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Gilbert |first=Ben |date=2012-06-20 |title='Steam for Schools' is a free version of Steam for students, facilitates Portal 2-based lessons |url=https://www.engadget.com/2012-06-20-steam-for-schools-is-a-free-version-of-steam-for-students-fac.html |access-date=2022-05-30 |work=Engadget |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702045455/https://www.engadget.com/2012-06-20-steam-for-schools-is-a-free-version-of-steam-for-students-fac.html |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Valve details Teach with Portals, Steam for Schools educational initiatives |url=https://www.polygon.com/gaming/2012/6/20/3101653/valve-teach-with-portal-steam-for-schools-education |website=[[Polygon]] |accessdate=2022-05-30 |date=2012-06-20 |archive-date=2022-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801021141/https://www.polygon.com/gaming/2012/6/20/3101653/valve-teach-with-portal-steam-for-schools-education |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

Steam家庭[[流媒体]]于2014年5月推出,该功能允许用户在同一家庭网络中以低延迟的方式将安装在一台电脑上的游戏流式传输到其它设备<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2014/5/21/5738932/steam-in-home-streaming-now-available-for-everyone |title=Steam In-Home Streaming now available for everyone |first=Tracey |last=Lein |date=2014-05-21 |access-date=2014-05-21 |work=[[Polygon]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521234802/http://www.polygon.com/2014/5/21/5738932/steam-in-home-streaming-now-available-for-everyone |archive-date=2014-05-21}}</ref>。2019年6月,Valve将这一功能更名为“远程畅玩”(Remote Play),允许用户在可能处于家庭网络之外的设备上流式传输游戏<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-in-home-streaming-is-now-available-outside-the-home/ |title=Steam In-Home Streaming is now available outside the home |first=Fraser |last=Brown |date=2019-06-14 |access-date=2019-06-14 |work=[[PC Gamer]] |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702045512/https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-in-home-streaming-is-now-available-outside-the-home/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2019年11月,经过一个月的测试,Steam增加了“远程同乐”(Remote Play Together)功能,使不同地点的用户能一同进行本地多人游戏,且无延迟问题<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/steams-remote-play-together-will-introduce-online-support-for-all-local-multiplayer-games/ |title=Steam's 'Remote Play Together' will introduce online support for all local multiplayer games |first=Shaun |last=Prescott |date=2019-10-09 |access-date=2019-10-09 |work=[[PC Gamer]] |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702060338/https://www.pcgamer.com/steams-remote-play-together-will-introduce-online-support-for-all-local-multiplayer-games/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-remote-play-together-is-now-available-to-try-in-beta/ |title=Steam Remote Play Together is now available to try in beta |first=Adam |last=Chalk |date=2019-10-21 |access-date=2019-10-21 |work=[[PC Gamer]] |archive-date=2022-07-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710043910/https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-remote-play-together-is-now-available-to-try-in-beta/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vg247.com/2019/11/20/steam-remote-play-together-feature-is-out-of-beta-and-available-to-all-steam-users/ |title=Steam Remote Play Together feature is out of beta and available to all Steam users |first=Stephany |last=Nunneley |date=2019-11-20 |access-date=2019-11-20 |work=[[PC Gamer]] ] |archive-date=2021-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816032140/https://www.vg247.com/2019/11/20/steam-remote-play-together-feature-is-out-of-beta-and-available-to-all-steam-users/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=远程畅玩 |url=https://store.steampowered.com/remoteplay |website=Steam |accessdate=2022-06-06 |archive-date=2022-08-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804090437/https://store.steampowered.com/remoteplay |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2021年2月,“远程同乐”功能得到了扩展,使其能够通过Steam Link应用程序邀请非Steam玩家进行游戏<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.theverge.com/2021/2/25/22300768/steam-remote-play-together-no-account-required-beta | title = Steam's multiplayer game streaming now works with friends without Steam accounts | first = Jon | last = Porter | date = 2021-02-25 | access-date = 2021-02-25 | work = [[The Verge]] | archive-date = 2022-07-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220702054028/https://www.theverge.com/2021/2/25/22300768/steam-remote-play-together-no-account-required-beta | dead-url = no }}</ref>。

{{anchor|Steam Chat}}
作为[[社交网络服务]]的一部分,Steam客户端允许用户使用Steam社区功能来识别朋友和加入小组<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.joystiq.com/2007/09/13/steam-community-officially-launched/ |title=Steam Community officially launched |first=Ross |last=Miller |date=2007-09-13 |work=Joystiq |access-date=2010-01-18 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110203191131/http://www.joystiq.com/2007/09/13/steam-community-officially-launched |archive-date=2011-02-03}}</ref>。通过Steam聊天({{lang|en|Steam Chat}})功能,用户可以与其他用户使用文字聊天和[[對等網路|点对点]][[VoIP]],识别他们的朋友和其他小组成员正在玩的游戏,并加入和邀请朋友加入支持该功能的基于Steamworks的多人游戏。用户还可以在论坛中讨论Steam游戏。每个用户都有一个显示他或她的小组和好友、游戏库(包括获得的成就)、游戏心愿单等社交功能的页面;用户可以选择将这些信息保密<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2392198,00.asp |title=Steam Review & Rating |last=Greenwald |first=Will |date=2012-12-14 |work=[[PC Magazine]] |access-date=2014-01-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116093125/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2392198,00.asp |archive-date=2014-01-16}}</ref>。2010年1月,Valve报告说,在2500万个活跃的Steam账户中,有1000万个注册了Steam社区<ref name="steamgrowth_2009">{{cite web |url=http://store.steampowered.com/news/3390/ |title=Steam Realizes Extraordinary Growth in 2009 |date=2010-01-29 |publisher=Valve |access-date=2010-01-29 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201192221/http://store.steampowered.com/news/3390 |archive-date=2010-02-01}}</ref>。{{link-en|Steam集换式卡牌|Steam Trading Cards}}于2013年5月推出,玩家可根据他们拥有的游戏获得该虚拟交易卡。玩家可以在Steam社区市场上与其他Steam用户交易该卡牌,并将它们合成为“徽章”,以获得游戏折扣券、表情符号等奖励,并能够定制其用户资料页面<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vg247.com/2013/05/15/steam-trading-cards-now-in-beta/ |title=Steam Trading Cards now in beta |first=Stephany |last=Nunneley |date=2013-05-15 |access-date=2013-05-15 |work=[[VG247]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607164314/http://www.vg247.com/2013/05/15/steam-trading-cards-now-in-beta/ |archive-date=2013-06-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2013/6/24/4458950/steam-trading-cards-leaving-beta-june-26-summer-sale-teased |title=Steam Trading Cards leaving beta June 26, Summer Sale teased |first=Griffon |last=McElroy |date=2013-06-24 |access-date=2013-06-24 |work=[[Polygon]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130628222114/http://www.polygon.com/2013/6/24/4458950/steam-trading-cards-leaving-beta-june-26-summer-sale-teased |archive-date=2013-06-28}}</ref>。 2010年,Steam客户端成为[[OpenID]]提供者,允许第三方网站使用Steam用户的标识,而不要求用户暴露他或她的Steam凭证<ref>{{cite web |title=Steam Web APIs |url=http://www.teamfortress.com/post.php?id=4014 |work=[[Team Fortress 2]] blog |access-date=2010-07-02 |author=TF2 Team |date=2010-07-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110512165044/http://www.teamfortress.com/post.php?id=4014 |archive-date=2011-05-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Steam Web API Documentation |url=http://steamcommunity.com/dev |work=Steam Community |publisher=[[Valve Corporation|Valve]] |access-date=2010-07-02 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210081231/http://steamcommunity.com/dev/ |archive-date=2012-02-10}}</ref>。为了防止滥用,在Steam消费至少5美元之前,用户对大多数社区功能的访问受到限制<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gamasutra.com/view/news/241424/Steam_now_restricts_accounts_to_protect_against_spam_and_phishing.php |title=Steam now restricts accounts to protect against spam and phishing |first=Christian |last=Nutt |date=2015-04-17 |access-date=2015-04-18 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419234758/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/241424/Steam_now_restricts_accounts_to_protect_against_spam_and_phishing.php |archive-date=2015-04-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=受限用户帐户 |url=https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/71D3-35C2-AD96-AA3A |website=Steam |accessdate=2022-06-06 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702045718/https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/71D3-35C2-AD96-AA3A |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

Steamworks提供Valve的专有反作弊系统[[維爾福反作弊系統]](Valve Anti-Cheat ,VAC);游戏服务器会自动检测并报告在在线多人游戏中使用作弊器的用户<ref>{{cite web |url=https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/571A-97DA-70E9-FF74 |title=Valve 反作弊系统(VAC) |website=Steam |access-date=2022-06-08 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702054114/https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/571A-97DA-70E9-FF74 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2012年8月,Valve在社区区域增加了新的功能,包括在游戏中心页面突出显示最佳的用户创建内容、热门论坛帖子和屏幕截图<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-08-13-steam-to-highlight-the-best-user-created-content |title=Steam to highlight the best user-created content |first=Jeffrey |last=Matulef |date=2012-08-13 |access-date=2012-08-13 |work=[[Eurogamer]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120816020050/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-08-13-steam-to-highlight-the-best-user-created-content |archive-date=2012-08-16}}</ref>。2012年12月,增加了用户可上传游戏攻略和指南的功能<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-12-14-valve-takes-on-gamefaqs-with-steam-game-guides |title=Valve takes on GameFAQs with Steam Game Guides |first=Wesley |last=Yin-Poole |date=2012-12-14 |access-date=2012-12-14 |work=[[Eurogamer]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216121043/http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-12-14-valve-takes-on-gamefaqs-with-steam-game-guides |archive-date=2012-12-16}}</ref>。

{{anchor|Steam.tv}}
2015年1月起,Steam客户端允许玩家在平台上玩游戏的同时向Steam朋友或公众[[網路直播|直播]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2014/12/2/7321223/valve-steam-broadcasting-live-streaming |title=Valve brings livestreaming to Steam with Steam Broadcasting |first=Michael |last=McWhertor |date=2014-12-02 |access-date=2014-12-02 |work=[[Polygon]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218040214/http://www.polygon.com/2014/12/2/7321223/valve-steam-broadcasting-live-streaming |archive-date=2014-12-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/steam-broadcasting-and-fps-overlay-is-now-available-to-all/ |title=Steam Broadcasting and FPS overlay is now available to all |first=Shaun |last=Prescott |date=2015-01-19 |access-date=2015-01-20 |work=[[PC Gamer]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150120194539/http://www.pcgamer.com/steam-broadcasting-and-fps-overlay-is-now-available-to-all/ |archive-date=2015-01-20}}</ref>。[[2018年Dota 2国际邀请赛]]期间,Valve推出了流媒体网站Steam.tv用于直播比赛,用户可与Steam好友创建群聊并一起观看比赛<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hallister |first1=Sean |title=Steam.tv is live again -- say hello to Valve's Twitch competitor? |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/steam-tv-is-live-again-say-hello-to-valves-twitch-competitor/ |website=CNet |accessdate=2022-06-08 |date=2018-08-20 |archive-date=2021-06-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613221521/https://www.cnet.com/news/steam-tv-is-live-again-say-hello-to-valves-twitch-competitor/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Wilde |first1=Tyler |title=Valve's new streaming platform, Steam.tv, is officially live now |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/valves-new-streaming-platform-steamtv-is-officially-live-now/ |website=PC Gamer |date=2018-08-20 |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archive-date=2018-08-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821033508/https://www.pcgamer.com/valves-new-streaming-platform-steamtv-is-officially-live-now/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=潘达 |title=V社注册Steam.tv推出直播平台与Twitch竞争 |url=http://www.techweb.com.cn/onlinegamenews/2018-08-18/2695705.shtml |website=TechWeb.com.cn |accessdate=2022-06-08 |date=2018-08-18 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702062809/http://www.techweb.com.cn/onlinegamenews/2018-08-18/2695705.shtml |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=[[cnBeta|cnBeta.COM]] |editor1=Evelyn |editor2=Evelyn |title=视频游戏流媒体平台Steam TV旨在与Twitch竞争 |url=https://news.pconline.com.cn/1161/11617016.html |website=太平洋电脑网 |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702060419/https://news.pconline.com.cn/1161/11617016.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>。它还被用于直播其他活动,如电子卡牌游戏《[[石器牌]]》的预发布比赛,以及{{link-en|2018年游戏大奖|The Game Awards 2018}}游戏大奖(TGA)和[[Steam大奖]]颁奖典礼<ref>{{cite web |last1=Clark |first1=Tim |title=Valve updates Artifact FAQ with new launch details |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/valve-updates-artifact-faq-with-new-launch-details/ |website=PC Gamer |date=2018-11-13 |access-date=2018-12-05 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702054208/https://www.pcgamer.com/valve-updates-artifact-faq-with-new-launch-details/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Fogel |first1=Stefanie |title=The Game Awards To Stream Across 40 Global Video Networks |url=https://variety.com/2018/gaming/news/the-game-awards-streaming-40-networks-1203024809/ |website=Variety |date=2018-11-09 |access-date=2018-12-05 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702045914/https://variety.com/2018/gaming/news/the-game-awards-streaming-40-networks-1203024809/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tarason |first1=Dominic |title=Steam Lunar New Year sale offers extra discounts for big spenders |url=https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2019/02/04/steam-lunar-new-year-sale-offers-bonus-discounts/ |website=Rock, Paper, Shotgun |date=2019-02-04 |access-date=2019-02-04 |archive-date=2019-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205050500/https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2019/02/04/steam-lunar-new-year-sale-offers-bonus-discounts/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

2014年9月,Steam音乐被添加到Steam客户端,用户可通过Steam音乐播放器播放购买的原声带,以及存储在电脑上的其它音乐<ref>{{cite web |title=Steam Music Player lets you listen to your music while you play |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/steam-music-player-lets-you-listen-to-your-music-while-you-play |website=[[Eurogamer]] |accessdate=2022-06-08 |date=2014-09-25 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702045925/https://www.eurogamer.net/steam-music-player-lets-you-listen-to-your-music-while-you-play |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2014/2/3/5374660/steam-music-announced-valve |title=Steam Music will let you listen to your music library while gaming |first=Samit |last=Sarkar |date=2014-02-03 |access-date=2014-02-04 |work=[[Polygon]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221130819/http://www.polygon.com/2014/2/3/5374660/steam-music-announced-valve |archive-date=2014-02-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=原声音轨和 Steam 音乐播放器 |url=https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/4DBA-E6A9-1115-7852 |website=Steam |accessdate=2022-06-08 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702054302/https://help.steampowered.com/zh-cn/faqs/view/4DBA-E6A9-1115-7852 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2018年7月Valve大幅更新了好友和聊天系统,加入了非点对点的聊天与语音聊天等功能,使其类似于[[Discord]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/valve-releases-a-new-and-very-improved-chat-client-for-steam/ |title=Valve releases a new and very improved chat client for Steam |first=Andy |last=Chalk |date=2018-06-12 |access-date=2018-06-12 |work=[[PC Gamer]] |archive-date=2022-07-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220727152438/https://www.pcgamer.com/valve-releases-a-new-and-very-improved-chat-client-for-steam/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/steams-new-chat-client-is-out-of-beta-valve-says-more-changes-are-coming/ |title=Steam's new chat client is out of beta, Valve says more changes are coming |first=Andy |last=Chalk |date=2018-07-24 |access-date=2018-07-24 |work=[[PC Gamer]] |archive-date=2022-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000903/https://www.pcgamer.com/steams-new-chat-client-is-out-of-beta-valve-says-more-changes-are-coming/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2019年5月Valve发布了基于此聊天系统的[[Android]]和iOS[[移动应用]]Steam Chat<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/5/21/18635054/steam-chat-mobile-app-iphone-android-released |title=Valve releases Steam Chat app for iOS and Android |first=Sam |last=Byford |date=2019-05-21 |access-date=2019-05-21 |work=[[The Verge]] |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702054308/https://www.theverge.com/2019/5/21/18635054/steam-chat-mobile-app-iphone-android-released |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

2019年10月,Valve对Steam的库和游戏简介页面的进行了重大视觉改造<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/30/20940817/valve-steam-library-update-launch-release-date-out-of-beta |title=Steam's redesigned library is out now for everyone |first=Jay |last=Peters |date=2019-10-30 |access-date=2022-06-08 |work=[[The Verge]] |archive-date=2019-10-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031144018/https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/30/20940817/valve-steam-library-update-launch-release-date-out-of-beta |dead-url=no }}</ref>。该设计可使用户更好地管理其游戏,更加清晰地展示用户的好友正在玩的Steam游戏,以及提供更多分类游戏的自定义选项。Valve还开发了Steam活动({{lang|en|Steam Events}})功能,使开发者可在游戏中开启活动时与用户进行交流,活动信息会出现在改进后的库和游戏资料页面上<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/2019/3/21/18276239/steam-redesign-library-events-update-valve-gdc-2019 |title=Valve redesigns Steam game library, adding Steam Event |first=Michael |last=McWhertor |date=2019-03-21 |access-date=2019-03-22 |work=[[Polygon]] |archive-date=2022-07-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730142053/https://www.polygon.com/2019/3/21/18276239/steam-redesign-library-events-update-valve-gdc-2019 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/09/steam-library-update-will-dynamically-sort-your-gaming-backlog-coming-sept-17/ |title=Steam's new, handsome 'Library' update is better 16 years late than never |first=Sam |last=Machkovech |date=2019-09-04 |access-date=2022-06-08 |work=[[Ars Technica]] |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702060425/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/09/steam-library-update-will-dynamically-sort-your-gaming-backlog-coming-sept-17/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

=== 开发者功能 ===
Valve允许开发者在游戏发行前提前创建游戏店面页面,以帮助他们在游戏发行前吸引用户<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-04-22-valves-top-tips-for-launching-a-game-on-steam | title = Valve's top tips for launching a game on Steam | first = Matthew | last = Handrahan | date = April 22, 2020 | access-date = May 20, 2020 | work = [[GamesIndustry.biz]] | archive-date = 2022-07-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220702062703/https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-04-22-valves-top-tips-for-launching-a-game-on-steam | dead-url = no }}</ref>。Valve会在其选定的发行日期的前两周向开发者发送一封提醒电子邮件,以鼓励开发者进入Valve的“构建审查”({{lang|en|build review}}),这是Valve在该发行日期前约一周进行的免费服务,即对游戏进行轻量级检查,以确保用户能够在发行当天下载、安装和启动游戏<ref name="gibiz steam launch guide">{{cite web | url = https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-04-24-valves-advice-to-keep-your-game-thriving-after-launch | title = Valve's advice for making your game thrive after launch | first = Matthew | last = Handrahan | date = April 22, 2020 | access-date = May 20, 2020 | work = [[GamesIndustry.biz]] | archive-date = 2022-07-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220702050108/https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-04-24-valves-advice-to-keep-your-game-thriving-after-launch | dead-url = no }}</ref>。

Valve向游戏和软件开发商免费提供Steamworks,Steamworks是提供开发和发布工具以利用Steam客户端功能的[[应用程序接口]](API)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://epicgames.com/press_releases/steamworks.html |title=Steamworks Integration Now Available to Unreal Engine 3 Licensees |publisher=[[Epic Games]] |date=March 11, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100517122844/http://epicgames.com/press_releases/steamworks.html |archive-date=May 17, 2010}}</ref>。Steamworks为服务器和点对点多人游戏提供网络和玩家认证工具、匹配服务、Steam社区的好友和组的支持、Steam统计和成就、集成语音通信和Steam Cloud支持,使游戏能够与Steam客户端集成。该API还提供反作弊系统和数字版权管理<ref>{{cite web |url=https://partner.steamgames.com/documentation/api |title=Steamworks API Overview |work=Steamworks partner site |publisher=Valve |date=May 1, 2008 |access-date=August 1, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110512175420/https://partner.steamgames.com/documentation/api |archive-date=May 12, 2011}}</ref>。2016年,在Valve推出[[Steam Controller]]并改进Steam界面以支持众多自定义选项后,Steamworks API也进行了更新,为开发者提供了一个通用的手柄API库,并将Steam Controller的自定义功能扩展到第三方手柄,首个获得支持的手柄为[[DualShock#DualShock 4|DualShock 4]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/283223/Steam_to_expand_PlayStation_4_gamepad_support_in_new_update.php |title=Steam to expand PlayStation 4 gamepad support in new update |first=Kris |last=Graft |date=October 12, 2016 |access-date=October 12, 2016 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013084014/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/283223/Steam_to_expand_PlayStation_4_gamepad_support_in_new_update.php |archive-date=October 13, 2016}}</ref>。后来,Steam的输入API进行了更新,正式支持其他主机的手柄,如2018年开始支持[[任天堂Switch Pro控制器]]<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/4/17319866/steam-switch-pro-controller-support-how-to | title = Switch Pro Controller support comes to Steam | first = Owen | last = Good | date = May 4, 2018 | access-date = November 23, 2020 | work = [[Polygon]] | archive-date = 2020-11-09 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201109005316/https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/4/17319866/steam-switch-pro-controller-support-how-to | dead-url = no }}</ref>,2020年开始支持[[Xbox Series X/S]]的{{link-en|Xbox Wireless Controller}},以及[[PlayStation 5]]的[[DualSense]]等<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.theverge.com/2020/11/23/21591013/steam-input-api-ps5-dualsense-controller-support | title = Steam adds PS5 controller support | first = Jon | last = Porter | date = November 23, 2020 | access-date = November 23, 2020 | work = [[The Verge]] | archive-date = 2022-07-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220702054316/https://www.theverge.com/2020/11/23/21591013/steam-input-api-ps5-dualsense-controller-support | dead-url = no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2020-11-14-steam-beta-adds-support-for-ps5-dualsense-controller | title = Steam beta adds support for PS5 DualSense controller | first = Wesley | last = Yin-Poole | date = November 14, 2020 | access-date = November 23, 2020 | work = [[Eurogamer]] | archive-date = 2021-09-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210912231246/https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2020-11-14-steam-beta-adds-support-for-ps5-dualsense-controller | dead-url = no }}</ref>。2020年11月,Valve表示,在过去2年中,Steam游戏的手柄使用量增加了一倍多<ref>{{Cite news |last=Andy Chalk published |date=2020-11-23 |title=Controller usage on Steam has doubled over the past 2 years |language=en |work=PC Gamer |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/controller-usage-on-steam-has-doubled-over-the-past-two-years/ |access-date=2022-03-28 |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702050213/https://www.pcgamer.com/controller-usage-on-steam-has-doubled-over-the-past-two-years/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2019年3月,Steam的游戏服务器网络向第三方开发者开放<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Ars |date=2019-03-15 |title=Any Steam game can now use Valve's low-latency, DoS-proofed networking |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/03/valve-brings-dota-2em-s-dos-protected-low-latency-networking-to-all-steam-devs/ |access-date=2022-04-03 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us |archive-date=2022-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220720054015/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/03/valve-brings-dota-2em-s-dos-protected-low-latency-networking-to-all-steam-devs/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>

售价方面,Valve于2014年2月宣布,开发者可为其游戏自行设置临时折扣,而不用依赖于Valve统一进行的折扣活动<ref>{{cite web |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2014/02/steam-teases-plan-to-allow-developers-to-create-their-own-sales/ |title=Steam teases plan to allow developers to create their own sales |first=Kyle |last=Orland |date=February 27, 2014 |access-date=February 28, 2014 |work=Ars Technica |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228095250/http://arstechnica.com/gaming/2014/02/steam-teases-plan-to-allow-developers-to-create-their-own-sales/ |archive-date=February 28, 2014}}</ref>。Valve还可能与开发者合作,建议他们参与主题日的折扣<ref name="gibiz steam launch guide"/>。

== 审查与封锁 ==

=== 內容審查 ===
Steam在2015年接受[[成人電子遊戲|成人遊戲]]之後,被指對[[視覺小說]]類型遊戲有更為嚴苛的審查。在Steam不接受成人遊戲的時期,《哈尼炮》和《[[猫娘乐园]]》的遊戲開發者最早以「[[修補程式|補丁]]」的方式避開Steam的審查,上架含有成人內容的遊戲,這種操作獲得Steam的默認,也引起其他開發者的效仿。2017年1月,Valve首席執行官[[加布·紐維爾]]在[[Reddit]]展開「Ask Me Anything」活動,讓玩家直接向其提問,有玩家問及Steam存在“未经审核内容”的成人游戏,其中「日式視覺小說」是重災區,並建議加以管制,事後加布·紐維爾也承諾會進行管理。2018年開始,Steam開始針對日式視覺小說進行整改,相關遊戲開發者收到整改上架遊戲的警告,日式視覺小說發行商MangaGamer反應自家遊戲經常在沒有通知的情況下強制下架,部分發行商表示代理遊戲難以過審,轉移發行平台<ref name="3dmgame">{{cite news |author1=伊東 |title=封禁成人游戏的Steam,还是日式视觉小说的绿洲吗? |url=https://www.3dmgame.com/original/3743468.html |accessdate=2022-12-25 |work=[[3dmgame]] |date=2022-02-18 |language=zh-hans |archive-date=2022-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225064848/https://www.3dmgame.com/original/3743468.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>。Kotaku在2018年末統計分析了下架的遊戲,推測相關遊戲可能因為涉及[[兒童色情]]內容而下架<ref name="kotaku">{{cite news |author1=Nathan Grayson |title=Steam Is Banning Sex Games With Young-Looking Characters [Update] |url=https://kotaku.com/steam-is-banning-sex-games-with-young-looking-character-1830949017 |accessdate=2022-12-25 |work=[[Kotaku]] |date=2018-12-07 |language=en |archive-date=2022-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225093034/https://kotaku.com/steam-is-banning-sex-games-with-young-looking-character-1830949017 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

除Steam自我审查外,Steam在很多国家和地区受到当地政府的监管和约束,有些国家和地区的政府会要求下架Steam商店上的部分游戏,甚至封锁Steam服务。

以下是Steam在部分国家和地区曾经或目前遭受到的审查和屏蔽。

==={{CHNML}}===
{{Wikinews|Steam被中国防火长城封锁 已被列入违法网站黑名单}}


2014年10月,Steam商店的域名<code>store.steampowered.com</code>被[[防火长城]]短暂封锁,后来封锁解除<ref>{{cite web
2014年10月,Steam商店的域名<code>store.steampowered.com</code>被[[防火长城]]短暂封锁,后来封锁解除<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.solidot.org/story?sid=41578
|url=http://www.solidot.org/story?sid=41578
|date=2014-10-23
|date=2014-10-23
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103115718/http://www.solidot.org:80/story?sid=41578
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103115718/http://www.solidot.org/story?sid=41578
|archive-date=2015-01-03
|archive-date=2015-01-03
|access-date=2021-12-25
|access-date=2021-12-25
|url-status=dead
|url-status=yes
|website=[[Solidot]]
|website=[[Solidot]]
|title=中国国家网络防火墙疑似屏蔽Steam游戏平台
|title=中国国家网络防火墙疑似屏蔽Steam游戏平台
}}</ref>。
}}</ref>。


2017年12月16日开始,Steam社区域名在[[中国大陆]]地区疑似遭到[[防火长城]]关键字屏蔽和DNS污染,原因未知。<ref>{{Cite web|title=Steam社区网站被防火墙屏蔽|website=中国数字时代|url=https://chinadigitaltimes.net/chinese/2017/12/%E5%A5%87%E5%AE%A2%E8%B5%84%E8%AE%AF-steam%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99%E8%A2%AB%E9%98%B2%E7%81%AB%E5%A2%99%E5%B1%8F%E8%94%BD/|accessdate=2018-03-19|author=|date=|publisher=|language=zh-CN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180318224624/https://chinadigitaltimes.net/chinese/2017/12/%e5%a5%87%e5%ae%a2%e8%b5%84%e8%ae%af-steam%e7%a4%be%e5%8c%ba%e7%bd%91%e7%ab%99%e8%a2%ab%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e5%a2%99%e5%b1%8f%e8%94%bd/|archive-date=2018-03-18|dead-url=no}}</ref>但根据[[百度贴吧]]一名吧友的说法,Steam社区功能被屏蔽之前,Steam官方在2017年6月强制解散了一个名叫“[[中国共产党]]”的群组。有可能是被屏蔽的原因之一。
2017年12月16日开始,Steam社区域名在[[中国大陆]]地区疑似遭到[[防火长城]]关键字屏蔽和[[域名服务器缓存污染|DNS污染]],原因未知。<ref>{{Cite web|title=Steam社区网站被防火墙屏蔽|website=中国数字时代|url=https://chinadigitaltimes.net/chinese/2017/12/%E5%A5%87%E5%AE%A2%E8%B5%84%E8%AE%AF-steam%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99%E8%A2%AB%E9%98%B2%E7%81%AB%E5%A2%99%E5%B1%8F%E8%94%BD/|accessdate=2018-03-19|author=|date=|publisher=|language=zh-CN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180318224624/https://chinadigitaltimes.net/chinese/2017/12/%e5%a5%87%e5%ae%a2%e8%b5%84%e8%ae%af-steam%e7%a4%be%e5%8c%ba%e7%bd%91%e7%ab%99%e8%a2%ab%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e5%a2%99%e5%b1%8f%e8%94%bd/|archive-date=2018-03-18|dead-url=no}}</ref>


2017年12月16日开始, 因疑似被[[防火长城]][[中华人民共和国被封锁网站列表|封锁]]<code>steamcommunity.com</code>域名下的Steam社区内容,导致在中国大陆的用户除了商店外无法访问社區相關功能,需要修改[[Hosts文件]]或使用[[突破网络审查|游戏加速器]]等相关工具才能绕过封锁<ref>{{cite web |editor=pigsrollaroundinthem
2017年12月16日开始, 因疑似被[[防火长城]][[中华人民共和国被封锁网站列表|封锁]]<code>steamcommunity.com</code>域名下的Steam社区内容,导致在中国大陆的用户除了商店外无法访问社區相關功能,需要修改[[Hosts文件]]或使用[[突破网络审查|游戏加速器]]等相关工具才能绕过封锁<ref>{{cite web |editor=pigsrollaroundinthem
|website=[[Solidot]]
|website=[[Solidot]]
|title=Steam 社区网站被屏蔽 |url=https://www.solidot.org/story?sid=54884|accessdate=2019-09-03 |date=2017-12-17 |archive-date=2019-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903021129/https://www.solidot.org/story%3Fsid%3D54884 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。
|title=Steam 社区网站被屏蔽 |url=https://www.solidot.org/story?sid=54884|accessdate=2019-09-03 |date=2017-12-17 |archive-date=2019-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903021129/https://www.solidot.org/story%3Fsid%3D54884 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。之后,因为升级了封锁方式,修改Hosts已无法绕过封锁


2018年4月28日起,Steam在全球除中国大陆地区以外启用默认[[HTTPS]]链接代替之前的默认[[HTTP]]链接,此举被认为可以降低用户数据被ISP劫持分析的可能性。<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.solidot.org/story?sid=56316 |title=Steam 开始默认启用加密,但中国区除外|website=[[Solidot]]|accessdate=2018-05-04 |archive-date=2018-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504155337/https://www.solidot.org/story?sid=56316 |dead-url=no }}</ref>中国大陆地区此时只有商店采用默认HTTPS链接,社区仍然是默认HTTP链接。
2018年4月28日起,Steam在全球除中国大陆地区以外启用默认[[HTTPS]]链接代替之前的默认[[HTTP]]链接,此举被认为可以降低用户数据被ISP劫持分析的可能性。<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.solidot.org/story?sid=56316 |title=Steam 开始默认启用加密,但中国区除外|website=[[Solidot]]|accessdate=2018-05-04 |archive-date=2018-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504155337/https://www.solidot.org/story?sid=56316 |dead-url=no }}</ref>中国大陆地区此时只有商店采用默认HTTPS链接,社区仍然是默认HTTP链接。


2018年6月2日,Steam在中国大陆地区也采用社区默认HTTPS链接,之后防火长城也针对此提升了封锁强度<ref group=n>检测加密连接中的[[服务器名称指示]]</ref>,玩家仍需要使用[[突破网络审查|加速器]]等工具才能访问社区。<ref>{{Cite web|title=Steam社区已强制使用https协议 轻松访问再无压力|work=游民星空 GamerSky.com|url=https://www.gamersky.com/news/201806/1055413.shtm|accessdate=2019-02-17|archive-date=2019-02-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190217142714/https://www.gamersky.com/news/201806/1055413.shtml|dead-url=no}}</ref>
2018年6月2日,Steam在中国大陆地区也采用社区默认HTTPS链接,之后防火长城也针对此提升了封锁强度{{NoteTag|检测加密连接中的[[服务器名称指示]]。}},玩家仍需要使用[[突破网络审查|加速器]]等工具才能访问社区。<ref>{{Cite web|title=Steam社区已强制使用https协议 轻松访问再无压力|work=游民星空 GamerSky.com|url=https://www.gamersky.com/news/201806/1055413.shtm|accessdate=2019-02-17|archive-date=2019-02-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190217142714/https://www.gamersky.com/news/201806/1055413.shtml|dead-url=no}}</ref>


2017年6月至8月,Steam的域名<code>store.steampowered.com</code>通过Http访问受到干扰。2019年1月,<code>store.steampowered.com</code>通过Http访问被封锁。
2021年12月25日,<code>store.steampowered.com</code>域名再次被[[防火长城]]屏蔽,原因未知<ref>{{cite news|url=https://3c.ltn.com.tw/news/47170|title=中國玩家哭哭!Steam 正式被列入「黑名單」 玩遊戲得翻牆了|author=黃肇祥|website=[[自由時報電子報]]|date=2021-12-25|access-date=2021-12-25|language=zh-tw}}</ref>,但部分地区仍然可以以缓慢的速度正常访问。


2021年12月,Steam的域名<code>steampowered.com</code>被发现{{NoteTag|12月25日被发现,具体列入时间仍不明。}}已被[[中华人民共和国工业和信息化部]]列入“违法违规网站黑名单”{{NoteTag|可以在中华人民共和国工信部[https://beian.miit.gov.cn ICP/IP地址/域名信息备案管理系统] {{Wayback|url=https://beian.miit.gov.cn/ |date=20211229155131 }}查询。}}<ref>{{cite news|url=https://3c.ltn.com.tw/news/47170|title=中國玩家哭哭!Steam 正式被列入「黑名單」,玩遊戲得翻牆了|author=黃肇祥|website=[[自由時報電子報]]|date=2021-12-25|access-date=2021-12-25|language=zh-tw|archive-date=2022-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105064827/https://3c.ltn.com.tw/news/47170|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://hk.on.cc/hk/bkn/cnt/cnnews/20211229/mobile/bkn-20211229083343762-1229_00952_001.html|title=Steam主域名列黑名單,工信部稱涉違規|website=[[东网]]|date=2021-12-29|language=zh-hk|accessdate=2021-12-29|archive-date=2022-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105064831/https://hk.on.cc/hk/bkn/cnt/cnnews/20211229/mobile/bkn-20211229083343762-1229_00952_001.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=工信部回应Steam主域名被拉黑(含通话录音)|url=https://weibo.com/1885454921/L88DGlGwA|author=蓝鲸财经记者工作平台|work=[[微博]]|date=2021-12-28|access-date=2021-12-29|archive-date=2021-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211229122329/https://weibo.com/1885454921/L88DGlGwA|dead-url=no}}</ref>。
== 蒸汽平台 ==


2021年12月22日起,<code>store.steampowered.com</code>域名时通过Https访问受到[[防火长城]]干扰,部分访问请求超时,<ref>{{Cite web|title=blocky|url=https://blocky.greatfire.org/detail/147742/https%3A%2F%2Fstore.steampowered.com|access-date=2021-12-26|author=greatfire|archive-date=2021-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903010138/https://blocky.greatfire.org/detail/147742/https:%2F%2Fstore.steampowered.com|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The global version of Steam appears to be banned in China|url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/12/25/22853520/steam-global-china-banned|access-date=2021-12-29|date=2021-12-25|last=Roth|first=Emma|work=The Verge|language=en|archive-date=2022-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105064806/https://www.theverge.com/2021/12/25/22853520/steam-global-china-banned|dead-url=no}}</ref>第三方追踪网站SteamDB表示Steam受到了类似[[Github]]的阻断<ref>{{Cite web|title=Steam can’t be easily accessed in China, and no one knows why|url=https://fortune.com/2021/12/28/global-pc-game-superstore-steam-has-basically-gone-dark-in-china-and-no-one-knows-why/|access-date=2021-12-28|work=Fortune|language=en}}</ref>,但Steam客户端本身不受影响,国内的用户目前仍然可以正常游戏<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/SteamDB/status/1474762760504463369|title=SteamDB在Twitter|author=SteamDB|work=[[Twitter]]|date=2021-12-25|access-date=2022-06-13|archive-date=2022-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702050413/https://twitter.com/SteamDB/status/1474762760504463369|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://weibo.com/1668782455/L7JYV7XJi|title=SteamDB补充|author=STEAM打折情报|work=[[微博]]|date=2021-12-26|access-date=2022-06-13|archive-date=2022-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620173458/https://weibo.com/1668782455/L7JYV7XJi|dead-url=no}}</ref>。
中国拥有[[中華人民共和國電子遊戲審查制度|對视频游戏和互联网使用的严格规定]],但是,可以绕过中国的[[防火长城|政府防火墙]]访问 Steam。目前,Steam 用户中有很大一部分来自中国。到2017年11月,超过一半的 Steam用户基础都精通中文,这是因为“Dota 2”和“[[绝地求生]]”在中国的广泛流行所造成的,<ref name="30mChina">{{cite web |last1=Chalk |first1=Andy |title=Steam surpasses 30 million users in China |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-surpasses-30-million-users-in-china/ |website=PC Gamer |access-date=October 18, 2018 |date=October 18, 2018}}</ref><ref name="polygon china effect">{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/interviews/2017/12/22/16810348/pubg-1-0-release-playerunknown-interview-china |title=PUBG creator on the rise of China and the future of Battlegrounds |first=Charlie |last=Hall |date=December 22, 2017 |access-date=December 26, 2017 |work=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226235123/https://www.polygon.com/interviews/2017/12/22/16810348/pubg-1-0-release-playerunknown-interview-china |archive-date=December 26, 2017}}</ref> 一些开发商报告说,中国玩家约占其游戏玩家总数的30%<ref name="eg steam china"/>。


2021年12月25日,Steam打折情报发布微博称“实际情况是商店和应用程序接口子域似乎在一些[[阿卡迈科技|阿卡迈]]网际协议上经历了连接重置,类似于GitHub被封锁的情况。其他子域名(如合作伙伴网站)目前还能使用。”<ref>{{Cite web |author=STEAM打折情报 |date=2021-12-25 |title=SteamDB:有接... - @STEAM打折情报的微博 - 微博 |url=https://weibo.com/1668782455/L7IKPkvda |website=微博 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702064633/https://weibo.com/1668782455/L7IKPkvda |archive-date=2022-07-02 |access-date=2022-06-13 |quote=实际情况是商店和API子域似乎在一些Akamai IP上经历了连接重置(典型的大防火墙),类似于GitHub被封锁的情况。其他子域名(如合作伙伴网站)目前还能使用。<br>注:Akamai是一家内容分发网络提供商 |dead-url=no}}</ref>。
2017年12月,中国屏蔽Steam社区,导致许多功能无法使用后<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-community-access-has-been-blocked-in-china/ |title=Steam Community access has been blocked in China |first=Andy |last=Chalk |date=December 19, 2017 |access-date=June 11, 2018 |work=[[PC Gamer]]}}</ref>, Valve和[[完美世界]]宣布将帮助提供符合中国因特网要求的经过正式批准的Steam版本。完美世界之前曾与Valve合作,以通过批准的政府程序帮助将“Dota 2”和“ 反恐精英:全球攻势”带入中国。<ref name="eg steam china"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/valve-and-perfect-world-are-bringing-steam-to-china/ |title=Valve and Perfect World are bringing Steam to China |first=Andy |last=Chalk |date=June 11, 2018 |access-date=June 11, 2018 |work=[[PC Gamer]]}}</ref>

2023年2月17日,有部分大陆玩家反映,在不使用加速器以及修改hosts文件的情况下,Steam商店<code>store.steampowered.com</code>已经可以正常访问<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gamersky.com/news/202302/1567872.shtml|date=2023-02-17|title=Steam国内网络状况好转 直连可稳定访问商城|website=[[游民星空]]|access-date=2023-02-17|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217153423/https://www.gamersky.com/news/202302/1567872.shtml|archive-date=2023-02-17}}</ref>,但并未持续多久便重新受到访问干扰。截至2024年8月,Steam商店<code>store.steampowered.com</code>仍未解封,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blocky.greatfire.org/detail/147742/https%3A%2F%2Fstore.steampowered.com|date=2023-08-25|title=BLOCKY|url-status=live}}</ref>访问时会受到间歇性阻断。

==={{VIE}}===
2024年4月22日,隶属于越南信息和通信部的媒体越南网(VietNamNet)发布了一则新闻报道,声称Steam平台在越南发布了超过10万款未经政府授权的游戏,文章引用一名越南国内游戏发行商代表的话声称:“Steam正在向越南自由发布游戏,包括暴力游戏、成人游戏……但无需得到政府许可。这对(越南)国内出版商来说是不公平的。需要当局对这个跨境平台采取管理措施,否则(越南)国内游戏发行商就会消亡。”,并且文章结尾提到,“据(越南)管理机构消息称,由于(Valve)在越南没有联络点,当局正在寻找解决方案,以防止(Steam)今后向越南用户提供非法跨境服务。”<ref>{{cite web |author1=Lê Mỹ |title=Nền tảng Steam phát hành hơn 100.000 game không phép vào Việt Nam |url=https://vietnamnet.vn/nen-tang-steam-phat-hanh-game-khong-phep-vao-viet-nam-2271136.html |website=Vietnamnet |accessdate=2024-05-19 |archive-date=2024-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516131206/https://vietnamnet.vn/nen-tang-steam-phat-hanh-game-khong-phep-vao-viet-nam-2271136.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>

2024年5月7日,Steam商店被大多数越南主要的互联网服务提供商(ISP)屏蔽,许多越南用户报告无法访问Steam商店店面。这则2024年4月22日发布的新闻报道似乎解释了越南政府封锁Steam的原因,即越南政府以“未经许可发布游戏”为由采取了“解决方案”阻止越南用户使用Steam。<ref>{{cite web |author1=Vikki Blake |title=Steam is now banned in Vietnam |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/steam-is-now-banned-in-vietnam |website=Eurogamer |accessdate=2024-05-19 |archive-date=2024-05-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521173123/https://www.eurogamer.net/steam-is-now-banned-in-vietnam |dead-url=no }}</ref>

==={{IRN}}===
由于[[美国对伊朗的制裁]],Steam在伊朗不提供服务,伊朗用户无法通过正常渠道购买Steam游戏,Steam也曾多次将伊朗开发商的游戏下架<ref>{{cite web |author1=Aron Garst |title=Video game development in Iran: Limited tools, front companies and a specter of war |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/2020/02/05/video-game-development-iran-limited-tools-front-companies-specter-war/ |website=Washington Post |access-date=2024-05-24 |archive-date=2024-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240423044832/https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/2020/02/05/video-game-development-iran-limited-tools-front-companies-specter-war/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。并且自2022年起,Steam便遭到了伊朗政府封锁<ref>{{cite web |title=Steam blocked in Iran. CS:GO, Dota 2 and many other games unavailable |url=https://blix.gg/news/steam-blocked-in-iran-csgo-dota-2-and-many-other-games-unavailable |website=BLIX |access-date=2024-05-24 |archive-date=2024-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524072902/https://blix.gg/news/steam-blocked-in-iran-csgo-dota-2-and-many-other-games-unavailable |dead-url=no }}</ref>,伊朗用户无法通过正常方式打开Steam。

==={{IDN}}===
2020年11月,印尼政府颁布了一条新法案,规定被分类为“私人电子系统提供者”的公司必须在政府登记,登记后,印尼政府可以获取这些网站上特定用户的数据,还可以要求这些网站删除“违法”“扰乱公共秩序”的内容。在新法案正式实施之前,印尼通信部已经向在印尼开展业务的公司提出要求,让它们在2022年7月27日前注册完毕,那些在期限之内没有完成注册的公司将在印尼全国遭到封禁。由于未能在期限内遵守该国限制性内容审核法律相关的新要求,印尼政府短暂封锁了包括Steam、Epic Games、PayPal和雅虎在内的一系列在线服务,但在Valve紧急注册后,2022年8月2日后,印尼几家网络供应商已经恢复了Steam的访问权。<ref>{{cite web |author1=陈静 |title=触乐夜话:在印尼,Steam从被封到解封要多久 |url=https://www.chuapp.com/?c=Article&a=index&id=288812 |website=触乐 |access-date=2024-05-24 |archive-date=2024-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524074416/https://www.chuapp.com/?c=Article&a=index&id=288812 |dead-url=no }}</ref>

==={{MYS}}===
2017年9月,马来西亚通讯与多媒体委员会(The Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission, MCMC)因采用宗教神祇为题材的《眾神之鬥》游戏有争议疑虑而短暂封锁了整个Steam商店,在Steam将这款游戏从Steam商店的马来西亚区下架后,Steam在马来西亚很快便解禁。<ref>{{cite web |title=馬來西亞日前因《眾神之鬥》題材爭議封鎖該地區 Steam 商店網域 |url=https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/detail.php?sn=152357 |website=巴哈姆特 |access-date=2024-05-24 |archive-date=2024-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524072905/https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/detail.php?sn=152357 |dead-url=no }}</ref>

== 蒸汽平台 ==
中国拥有[[中華人民共和國電子遊戲審查制度|對视频游戏和互联网使用的严格规定]],但Steam用户中仍然有很大一部分来自中国。到2017年11月,超过一半的Steam用户基础都精通中文,这是因为“Dota 2”和“[[绝地求生]]”在中国的广泛流行所造成的,<ref name="30mChina">{{cite web |last1=Chalk |first1=Andy |title=Steam surpasses 30 million users in China |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-surpasses-30-million-users-in-china/ |website=PC Gamer |access-date=2018-10-18 |date=2018-10-18 |archive-date=2021-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416203348/https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-surpasses-30-million-users-in-china/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="polygon china effect">{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/interviews/2017/12/22/16810348/pubg-1-0-release-playerunknown-interview-china |title=PUBG creator on the rise of China and the future of Battlegrounds |first=Charlie |last=Hall |date=2017-12-22 |access-date=2017-12-26 |work=[[Polygon]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226235123/https://www.polygon.com/interviews/2017/12/22/16810348/pubg-1-0-release-playerunknown-interview-china |archive-date=2017-12-26}}</ref> 一些开发商报告说,中国玩家约占其游戏玩家总数的30%<ref name="eg steam china"/>。

2017年12月,中国屏蔽Steam社区,导致许多功能无法使用后<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-community-access-has-been-blocked-in-china/ |title=Steam Community access has been blocked in China |first=Andy |last=Chalk |date=2017-12-19 |access-date=2018-06-11 |work=[[PC Gamer]] |archive-date=2021-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416213428/https://www.pcgamer.com/steam-community-access-has-been-blocked-in-china/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>, Valve和[[完美世界_(公司)|完美世界]]宣布将帮助提供符合中国互联网要求的经过正式批准的Steam版本。完美世界之前曾与Valve合作,以通过批准的政府程序帮助将“Dota 2”和“[[反恐精英:全球攻势]]”带入中国。<ref name="eg steam china"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pcgamer.com/valve-and-perfect-world-are-bringing-steam-to-china/ |title=Valve and Perfect World are bringing Steam to China |first=Andy |last=Chalk |date=2018-06-11 |access-date=2018-06-11 |work=[[PC Gamer]] |archive-date=2021-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416213347/https://www.pcgamer.com/valve-and-perfect-world-are-bringing-steam-to-china/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>


[[File:Steam China Release Key Note Speech (Perfect World CEO Robert Hong Xiao) 01.jpg|thumb|right|2019 年 8 月在上海举行的蒸汽平台发布会]]
[[File:Steam China Release Key Note Speech (Perfect World CEO Robert Hong Xiao) 01.jpg|thumb|right|2019 年 8 月在上海举行的蒸汽平台发布会]]


2019年6月,[[维尔福]]與上海的遊戲公司[[完美世界 (公司)|完美世界]]合作开发中國大陆版Steam,並定名為「蒸汽平台」。首批在该平台上架的遊戲將有約40款,其中包含《[[Dota 2]]》、《Dota 霸業》等<ref>{{Cite web|title=完美世界與 Valve 宣布啟動「Steam 中國」計畫 將攜手推動 Steam 進軍中國|url=https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/detail.php?sn=163946|accessdate=2019-08-21|work=巴哈姆特電玩資訊站|archive-date=2020-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612020333/https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/detail.php?sn=163946|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Steam 中國版正式定名為「蒸汽平台」 陣容將完全獨立於現有的Steam|url=https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/detail.php?sn=184587|accessdate=2019-08-21|work=巴哈姆特電玩資訊站|archive-date=2020-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612020339/https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/detail.php?sn=184587|dead-url=no}}</ref>。据维尔福的業務人員透露,現有的Steam不会放弃中国大陆市场<ref>{{cite web |author1=Tapsell Chris |title=Valve talks Steam China, curation and exclusivity |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-08-21-valve-talks-steam-china-curation-exclusivity |website=[[Eurogamer]] |accessdate=2019-09-03 |language=en |date=2019-08-21 |archive-date=2019-08-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829204002/https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-08-21-valve-talks-steam-china-curation-exclusivity |dead-url=no }}</ref>,但还是造成了中国大陆用户内部恐慌{{cn}}。
2019年6月,Valve與上海的遊戲公司[[完美世界 (公司)|完美世界]]合作开发中國大陆版Steam<ref>{{cite web|url=https://weibo.com/1647397792/GkYOsn84i|title=完美世界与美国Valve宣布“STEAM中国”项目|work=[[微博]]|author=[[完美世界 (公司)|完美世界]]|date=2018-06-12|access-date=2022-06-15|archive-date=2022-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622050808/https://weibo.com/1647397792/GkYOsn84i|dead-url=no}}</ref>,並定名為「蒸汽平台」。首批在该平台上架的遊戲將有約40款,其中包含《[[Dota 2]]》、《Dota 霸業》等<ref>{{Cite web|title=完美世界與 Valve 宣布啟動「Steam 中國」計畫 將攜手推動 Steam 進軍中國|url=https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/detail.php?sn=163946|accessdate=2019-08-21|work=巴哈姆特電玩資訊站|archive-date=2020-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612020333/https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/detail.php?sn=163946|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Steam 中國版正式定名為「蒸汽平台」 陣容將完全獨立於現有的Steam|url=https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/detail.php?sn=184587|accessdate=2019-08-21|work=巴哈姆特電玩資訊站|archive-date=2020-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612020339/https://gnn.gamer.com.tw/detail.php?sn=184587|dead-url=no}}</ref>。据Valve的業務人員透露,現有的國際服Steam不会放弃中国大陆市场<ref>{{cite web |author1=Tapsell Chris |title=Valve talks Steam China, curation and exclusivity |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-08-21-valve-talks-steam-china-curation-exclusivity |website=[[Eurogamer]] |accessdate=2019-09-03 |language=en |date=2019-08-21 |archive-date=2019-08-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829204002/https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-08-21-valve-talks-steam-china-curation-exclusivity |dead-url=no }}</ref>,但「特供版」还是造成了中国大陆部分用户的担心<ref>{{cite news|url=https://app.myzaker.com/news/article.php?f=zaker_live&pk=5fff12a48e9f095c7a0bb1e2|title=Steam“中国版”将至,玩家们到底在害怕什么?|work=ZAKER|author=锋科技|date=2021-01-14|accessdate=2022-06-15|archive-date=2022-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702050609/https://app.myzaker.com/news/article.php?f=zaker_live&pk=5fff12a48e9f095c7a0bb1e2|dead-url=no}}</ref>


2021年1月,Valve官方宣布蒸汽平台将于2021年初登陆中国<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Valve官方宣布蒸汽平台将于2021年初登陆中国|url=https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20210114A00JOH00|accessdate=2021-01-14|author=A9VG电玩部落|date=2021-01-14|format=|publisher=腾讯网|language=zh|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113195826/https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20210114A00JOH00|archivedate=2021-01-13|dead-url=no}}</ref>。2月,[[反恐精英:全球攻势|CSGO]]发布公告称蒸汽平台将于2021年2月9号开始进行测试<ref>{{Cite web|title=CSGO接入公告|url=https://www.csgo.com.cn/article/details/20210203/224911.html|accessdate=2021-02-04|author=CS:GO运营团队|date=2021-02-03|format=|publisher=www.csgo.com.cn|language=zh|archiveurl=https://archive.vn/pcwHt|archivedate=2021-02-04|dead-url=no}}</ref>。
2021年1月,Valve官方宣布蒸汽平台将于2021年初登陆中国<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Steam - 回顾 2020|url=https://steamcommunity.com/groups/steamworks/announcements/detail/2961646623386540827|accessdate=2021-01-14|author=Steam|date=2021-01-14|format=|publisher=Steam|language=zh|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113203304/https://steamcommunity.com/groups/steamworks/announcements/detail/2961646623386540827|archivedate=2021-01-13|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Valve官方宣布蒸汽平台将于2021年初登陆中国|url=https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20210114A00JOH00|accessdate=2021-01-14|author=A9VG电玩部落|date=2021-01-14|format=|publisher=腾讯网|language=zh|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113195826/https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20210114A00JOH00|archivedate=2021-01-13|dead-url=no}}</ref>。2月,[[CSGO]]发布公告称蒸汽平台将于2021年2月9号开始进行测试<ref>{{Cite web|title=CSGO接入公告|url=https://www.csgo.com.cn/article/details/20210203/224911.html|accessdate=2021-02-04|author=CS:GO运营团队|date=2021-02-03|format=|publisher=www.csgo.com.cn|language=zh|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20210203184816/https://www.csgo.com.cn/article/details/20210203/224911.html|archivedate=2021-02-03|dead-url=no}}</ref>。


蒸汽平台将独立于Steam进行营运,且只有政府批准的内容才可以上架蒸汽平台<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/349206/Steam_is_heading_to_China_as_a_standalone_marketplace.php |title=Steam is heading to China as a standalone marketplace |first=Chris |last=Kerr |date=August 21, 2019 |access-date=August 21, 2019 |work=[[Gamasutra]]}}</ref>。Valve并没有计划阻止中国用户访问Steam平台,而是会尝试确保玩家的云数据在两者之间仍然可用<ref name="eg steam china">{{cite web |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-08-21-valve-talks-steam-china-curation-exclusivity |title=Valve talks Steam China, curation and exclusivity |first=Chris |last=Tapsell |date=August 21, 2019 |access-date=August 21, 2019 |work=[[Eurogamer]]}}</ref>。该客户端于2021年2月9日作为公开测试版发布,发布时提供了约40种游戏。<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.theverge.com/2021/2/8/22273273/steam-official-china-client-ps5-launch | title = Steam has officially come to China, and Sony’s PS5 is officially coming too | first = Mitchell | last = Clark | date = February 8, 2021 | accessdate = February 8, 2021 | work = [[The Verge]] }}</ref>
中國專用的蒸汽平台落地後,将独立于Steam进行营运,且只有通过政府审查的内容才可以上架蒸汽平台<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/349206/Steam_is_heading_to_China_as_a_standalone_marketplace.php |title=Steam is heading to China as a standalone marketplace |first=Chris |last=Kerr |date=2019-08-21 |access-date=2019-08-21 |work=[[Gamasutra]] |archive-date=2021-04-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415162320/https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/349206/Steam_is_heading_to_China_as_a_standalone_marketplace.php |dead-url=no }}</ref>。Valve并没有计划阻止中国用户访问国际Steam平台,而是会尝试确保玩家的雲端資料在两者之间仍然可用<ref name="eg steam china">{{cite web |url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-08-21-valve-talks-steam-china-curation-exclusivity |title=Valve talks Steam China, curation and exclusivity |first=Chris |last=Tapsell |date=2019-08-21 |access-date=2019-08-21 |work=[[Eurogamer]] |archive-date=2019-08-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829204002/https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-08-21-valve-talks-steam-china-curation-exclusivity |dead-url=no }}</ref>。该客户端于2021年2月9日作为公开测试版发布,发布时提供了约40种游戏。<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.theverge.com/2021/2/8/22273273/steam-official-china-client-ps5-launch | title = Steam has officially come to China, and Sony’s PS5 is officially coming too | first = Mitchell | last = Clark | date = 2021-02-08 | accessdate = 2021-02-08 | work = [[The Verge]] | archive-date = 2021-02-26 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210226102308/https://www.theverge.com/2021/2/8/22273273/steam-official-china-client-ps5-launch | dead-url = no }}</ref>


==注释==
== 註釋 ==
{{reflist|group=n}}
{{noteFoot}}


== 参考资料 ==
== 参考资料 ==
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== 外部链接 ==
== 外部链接 ==
{{Commons category|Steam (software)}}
{{Commons category|Steam (software)}}
* {{Official website}}
*{{Official website}}
* [https://store.steamchina.com/ 中國蒸汽平台]

{{维尔福公司}}
{{维尔福公司}}
{{软件包管理系统}}
{{软件包管理系统}}
{{软件数字发平台}}
{{软件数字发平台}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Steam}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Steam}}
[[Category:2003年軟體]]
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[[Category:多人遊戲服務]]
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[[Category:被防火長城封鎖的網站]]
[[Category:Linux軟件]]
[[Category:电脑游戏平台]]
[[Category:软件分发平台]]
[[Category:在线内容分发]]
[[Category:2003年建立的网站]]

2024年12月15日 (日) 15:07的最新版本

Steam
运行于Windows 10的Steam客户端
运行于Windows 10的Steam客户端
開發者Valve
首次发布2003年9月12日,​21年前​(2003-09-12
当前版本
  • 1.0.0.79(2024年2月8日)[1]
編輯維基數據鏈接
平台Microsoft Windows
MacOS
Linux
iOS
Android
语言30种语言[2]
类型数字分发
数字版权管理
社交網路服務
流媒体
许可协议专有软件
网站store.steampowered.com 編輯維基數據鏈接

SteamValve推出的电子游戏数字分发平台。2003年9月, Valve将其作为一款软件客户端推出,提供自动更新游戏的功能,这一功能在2005年末扩展到了第三方游戏发行商发行的作品。Steam集合了多种功能,如数字版权管理(DRM)、游戏服务器匹配和反作弊系统,以及社交网络和游戏流媒体服务。Steam还为用户提供自动更新游戏、游戏存档云存储,以及包括好友列表和游戏内聊天在内的社区功能。

2008年, Valve发布了一个免费的应用程序接口(API),名为“Steamworks”。开发者可以利用它把Steam的功能整合到自己的产品中,包括游戏中的成就、微交易以及用户生成内容支持。Steam最初仅支持Microsoft Windows系统,后来在2010年发布了macOS版本,2012年发布了Linux版本。2012年首次为iOS和Android发布了访问在线Steam功能的移动应用程序

根據CompareCamp2020年統計,Steam平台是全球最大的电脑游戏数字分发平台,佔全球50%-70%的電腦遊戲下載量[3]。2017年,steam销售额达43亿美元,占全球PC游戏销售额的18%以上[4]。2019年,Steam上架了超34,000款游戏,月活跃用户超9500万。Steam的成功使Valve开始向硬件市场进军。2015年,Valve开发了配备SteamOSSteam ControllerSteam Machine电竞电脑、用于本地游戏的Steam Link英语Steam Link机顶盒。2022年又新发布了掌机Steam Deck

发展历程

[编辑]

1997年,在《半衰期》发布之前,Valve雪乐山工作室(Sierra)签订了一份出版合約。该合約不仅转交了出版权,还将一部分知识产权(IP)交给了雪乐山。Valve通过雪乐山发行了更多的游戏,包括《半衰期》和《反恐精英》的DLC。1999年左右,Valve开始开发《半衰期2》和新的Source引擎,也同时开始关注与雪乐山签订的有关知识产权的合約,两家公司在2001年前重新签订了一份新合約。新的合約取消了雪乐山拥有的知识产权,并交还了Valve游戏的数字分发权[5]

当时,Valve正在寻找更好的更新游戏的办法,因为提供可下载的多人游戏补丁,会导致大部分用户在安装补丁之前的几天内无法连接。Valve公司决定建立一个能够自动更新游戏的平台,并且实施更严格的防盗版和反作弊措施。通过2002年发布的用户调查, Valve意识到,75%以上的用户可以使用高速网络连接。而且随着高速宽带的普及,这个数字还会继续增长。而Valve也认识到通过數碼分發的渠道能更高效地为用户提供游戏更新[6]。Valve与微软雅虎、RealNetworks等多家公司进行了接触,希望合作开发一款具有上述功能的平台,但是均被拒绝。[7]

Steam的開發工作于2002年开始,計劃為代號「Grid」(網格)及「Gazelle」(羚羊)[8][9]。Steam在2002年3月22日的遊戲開發者大會上首次公開亮相,并在同一天发布了测试版[10]。為了展示Steam平台的整合性,Relic Entertainment为其游戏《不可思议的生物》設計了一特別版本[11]。Valve公司在此計劃中曾和多個公司合作,包括AT&T宏碁GameSpy。第一個在Steam发布的遊戲模組(MOD)是《決勝之日[12]。Valve总经理加布·纽维尔宣布MOD制作组可以花费995美元获得游戏引擎授权并通过Steam发行模组[12]

Steam客户端的第一个测试版本于2003年1月《反恐精英 1.6》公测时发布,当时作为必须安装和使用的组件。当时,Steam的主要功能是简化在线游戏中常见的补丁过程。对于其他所有游戏,Steam是可选安装的组件。测试期间大约有8至30万名玩家测试了Steam系统。[12][13]而Steam系统和网站因為數千用户同时下载《反恐精英 1.6》的更新版本而不勝負荷。[14]2004年,世界對抗網絡系統(WON)关闭并由Steam平台取代,以前需要WON來登入連機模式的遊戲从此以后必须通过Steam联机。[15]

2004年11月,《半衰期2》成为首款在Steam数字分发的游戏,零售版也需要安装Steam客户端才能运行。在此期间用户在游戏过程遇到诸多问题[8][16][17]。这一决定也引发玩家对于软件所有权、软件需求以及在之前反恐精英测试时发生的服务器拥塞问题的关注[18]

从2005年10月起,第三方遊戲開始在Steam平台上提供给用户购买和下载,首个登陆Steam的第三方游戏是《Rag Doll Kung Fu英语Rag Doll Kung Fu[19]。同时Valve亦表示Steam由于一些自家推出的成功遊戲而獲得盈利[19]。雖然当时數碼分發的銷售模式的售出量仍不及零售分發,但Valve及游戏開發商在Steam的盈利還是远高於零售方式[20][21]。2007年,id Software[22]Eidos Interactive[23]卡普空[24]等規模較大的遊戲開發發行商開始在Steam銷售他們的遊戲。同年五月,Steam平台上已經有1300萬個帳號被建立,共有150個遊戲在Steam上售賣[25][26]。2008年,育碧THQ世嘉Take-Two Interactive动视艺电等知名出版商都开始与该服务合作[27][28]

2007年5月,冶天科技(ATI)将Steam纳入ATI Catalyst英语ATI Catalyst GPU驱动,并向ATI Radeon用户提供免费的《半衰期2:消失的海岸线》和《半衰期2:死亡竞赛》的Steam拷贝。2008年1月,英伟达在英伟达GPU驱动程序中推广了Steam,并向英伟达硬件用户提供了免费的Steam版《传送门》。也有传统的零售版游戏开始强制安装Steam,例如2009年动视的《使命召唤:现代战争2》,2010年贝塞斯达软件的《辐射:新维加斯》和2011年艺电的《闇龍紀元II》。

艺电在2011年因限制性服务条款而将其部分游戏从Steam上删除,并在2012年仅在其Origin服务上推出《质量效应3[29][30]。对此纽维尔表示,“我们必须向EA表明,让EA的游戏在Steam上运行是一个明智的决定,我们要努力向他们表明这一点”[31]。2014年,育碧游戏从Steam启动游戏后,开始需要Uplay运行[32]。2019年,育碧因Valve不会修改其收入分享模式,未在Steam上销售其《湯姆克蘭西:全境封鎖2》,而是改为在Uplay和Epic游戏商城上销售[33]。2019年5月,微软除了在微软商店之外,还在Steam上分销其游戏[34]。2020年,EA开始在Steam上发布精选游戏,并在该平台上提供其订阅服务EA Play[35][36]

到2014年,Steam上的年度游戏总销售额估计约为15亿美元[37]。到2018年,该服务的月活跃用户超过9000万[38]。2018年,其网络提供了150亿千兆字节(GB)的数据,而2014年还不到40亿[39]

服务特性及功能

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软件交付及维护

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Steam的主要服务是允许其用户将其虚拟软件库中的游戏和其他软件作为游戏缓存文件(GCF)下载到本地计算机[40]。最初,Valve被要求成为这些游戏的发行商,因为他们可以单独访问Steam的数据库和引擎,但是随着2008年5月Steamworks软件开发工具包(SDK)的推出,任何人都可以在Steam上发布游戏,而无需Valve的直接参与[41]

2009年前,大多数在Steam上发布的游戏都有传统的反盗版措施,包括分配和分发产品密钥以及支持数字版权管理(DRM)软件工具,如SecuROM或非恶意的rootkit。随着2009年3月Steamworks SDK的更新,Valve在Steamworks SDK中加入了“自定义可执行文件生成”(Custom Executable Generation,CEG)的方法,从而消除了对这些其他措施的需求。CEG技术为特定的用户创建了一个独特的、加密的游戏可执行文件副本,允许他们在多个设备上多次安装,并制作其软件的备份副本[42]。软件被下载和安装后,用户必须通过Steam进行认证,以解密可执行文件来进行游戏。通常情况下,这是在用户的证书验证后连接到互联网时进行的,但一旦他们登录过一次Steam,用户就可以指示Steam在特殊的离线模式下启动,以便能够在没有网络连接的情况下玩他们的游戏[43][44]。除了Steam的CEG以外,开发者也可以使用其他形式的DRM和Steam以外的其他认证服务[43][44];例如,部分育碧的游戏需要使用他们的Uplay游戏服务[45]。也有游戏需要Games for Windows – Live英语Games for Windows – Live,2014年该服务关闭后,许多游戏转而使用Steamworks CEG[46]

2008年9月,Valve增加了对Steam Cloud的支持,这项服务可以自动将保存的游戏和相关的自定义文件存储在Valve的服务器上;用户可以从任何运行Steam客户端的机器上访问这些数据.[47]。用户可以在按游戏或账户禁用该功能[48]。2022年1月,云端保存被扩展为动态云端同步,开发时拥有该功能的游戏将在游戏运行时将游戏状态同步到Steam云端,而不是等待用户退出游戏再保存[49]。2012年5月,该服务增加了用户从包括电脑和移动设备在内远程客户端管理其游戏库的能力;如果用户的Steam客户端目前处于激活和运行状态,用户可以指示Steam通过该服务下载和安装他们拥有的游戏[50]。通过第三方零售商销售的产品密钥也可以在Steam上兑换[51]。对于包含Steamworks的游戏,用户可以从其他供应商处购买兑换码,并在Steam客户端中兑换,将游戏添加到他们的库中。Steam还提供了一个用于销售和分发游戏的可下载内容(DLC)的框架[52][53]

2013年9月,Steam推出了通过授权设备访问自己的库来与家人和朋友分享大多数游戏的功能。被授权的玩家可以在本地安装游戏,并与拥有者的账户分开玩。如果主要所有者不在玩,用户还可以访问他们保存的游戏和成就。当主玩家启动一个游戏,而共享账户正在使用时,共享帐户用户可以在几分钟内保存他们的进度并关闭游戏,或为他或她自己的帐户购买游戏[54]。在2014年1月推出的家庭视图中,父母可以为他们孩子的绑定账户调整设置,限制其功能和对Steam客户端和购买的游戏的访问[55]

根据其可接受使用政策,当Valve反作弊(Valve's Anti-Cheat,VAC)软件确定用户在多人游戏中作弊、利用地区价格差异向他人出售帐户或交易游戏时,Valve保留阻止用户访问其游戏和Steam服务的权利[56]。封锁此类用户最初会取消他或她的其他游戏的访问权限,导致一些拥有高价值帐户的用户因轻微违规行为而失去访问权限[57]。Valve后来改变了它的政策,使其类似于艺电的Origin平台,被封锁的用户仍然可以访问他们的游戏,但受到严格的限制,只能在离线模式下进行游戏并且无法使用Steam社区功能[58]。如果用户拒绝接受Steam最终用户许可协议的更改,他们也将无法访问他们的游戏和Steam帐户;最后一次更改发生在2012年8月[59]。2015年4月,Valve开始允许开发者在steam层面禁止个别玩家访问该开发者的游戏,这使开发者可自行监管其游戏社区[60]

商城特色

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Steam客户端包括一个名为Steam商店(Steam Store)的數位商城,用户可以通过它购买电脑游戏。购买游戏后,软件许可证将永久附加到用户的Steam帐户,允许他们在任何兼容设备上下载软件。在某些条件下,可以将游戏许可证授予其他帐户。内容由国际服务器网络使用专有的文件传输协议提供[61]。截至2015年,Steam根据用户的位置以美元加拿大元欧元英镑巴西雷亚尔俄罗斯卢布印度尼西亚卢比印度卢比[62]销售其产品[63]。2010年12月,客户端开始支援WebMoney英语WebMoney支付系统,该系统在许多欧洲、中东和亚洲国家都很流行。2016年4月至2017年12月,Steam接受了比特币支付,但后来由于币值波动剧烈和服务费高昂而放弃了对它的支援[64][65]。Steam店面会验证用户所在地区;由于发行日期、游戏分类或与发行商的协议,部分游戏可能仅限于特定地区购买。自2010年以来,Steam翻译服务(Steam Translation Server)项目在用户的帮助下已将Steam客户端、店面和部分Valve游戏翻译成28种语言[66]。Steam还允许用户购买游戏的可下载内容(DLC),并且某些特定游戏(例如《絕地要塞2》)可以购买游戏内库存物品。2015年2月,Steam开始为第三方游戏开放类似的游戏内物品购买选项[67]

Valve经常与游戏开发商和发行商合作,每天和每周提供游戏折扣销售,有时针对发行商、类型或假日主题,有时还允许在折扣销售期间免费试用游戏。该网站通常在每年夏季和假日销售期间提供大量的游戏折扣,包括将这些销售游戏化以激励用户购买更多游戏[68]

Steam商店的用户还可以购买游戏和其他软件作为礼物赠送给其他Steam用户。2017年5月前,用户可以将购买的礼物保留在个人的库中,直到他们选择送礼为止。然而,这一功能使一些游戏出现了灰色市场,在游戏价格比其他地方低很多的国家,用户可以囤积可赠送的游戏并出售给其他国家的用户,尤其是在价格高得多的地区[69]。2016年8月,Valve更改了其赠送政策,要求将带有VAC和游戏禁令(Game Ban)的游戏立即赠与另一名Steam用户,这也是为了打击那些绕过VAC和游戏禁令的玩家[70],而在2017年5月,Valve将这一政策扩展到所有游戏[71]。如果两个不同地区之间的游戏价格有很大差异,Valve还会限制这些国家的用户间赠送礼物[72]

Steam商店还允许用户兑换商店产品密钥,以添加他们库中的软件。密钥由第三方供应商出售,例如Humble Bundle。Steam密钥存在灰色市场英语grey market,买家可以低价购买大量Steam密钥,然后以高价将这些密钥转售给用户或其他第三方网站,从而谋润[73][74]。这导致一些第三方网站,例如G2A英语G2A,被卷入了这个灰色市场[75]。Humble Bundle已经设定了获得Steam密钥必须花费的最低价格,以阻止游戏进入灰色市场[76]。2021年6月,Valve开始限制Steam用户改变默认地区的频率,以防止用户以更低的价格购买从所属地区外购买游戏[77]

2013年,Steam开始接受玩家对游戏的评论。其他用户可将评论标注为有价值、无价值或欢乐,游戏的Steam商店页面上会突出被认为最有价值的评论。Steam还会汇总这些评论,使用户能够在浏览商店时根据这些反馈对产品进行分类[78]。2016年5月,steam开始突出显示最近发布的评论,并将评论得分区分为过去30天内的评论和所有的评论,Valve表示此举是因为游戏的更新可以改变用户对游戏的印象[79]。为了防止开发者或其他第三方代理滥用评论系统,Valve在2016年9月修改了评论系统,通过密钥激活产品(而不是直接从Steam商店购买)以及购买后退款的用户发布的评论将不再计入评论得分,但他们的评论仍然可见[80][81]。2019年3月,Steam开始识别离题的评论轰炸,并将它们从评论得分中剔除。首款Steam采取此类行动的游戏是邊緣禁地系列,该系列游戏因《Borderlands 3》被宣布将成为Epic游戏商店的限时独家游戏遭到玩家负评轰炸[82][83][84]

2011年中期,Valve开始提供含有付费内容的免费游戏,如《全球议程英语Global Agenda》、《螺旋武士英语Spiral Knights》和《冠军在线英语Champions Online》;这一举动与Valve自家的《絕地要塞2》成为含有付费内容的免费游戏有关[85]。Valve通过Steamworks支持免费游戏中的物品通过Steam的购买渠道进行微交易,其方式与《絕地要塞2》的游戏内商店类似[86]。2011年12月,Valve推出Steam优惠券,可以由开发商和发行商提供给用户;用户也可以在朋友之间以类似于礼物和游戏内物品的方式交易这些优惠券。2015年5月,GameStop开始销售Steam钱包充值卡[87]。2012年12月,Steam市场(Steam Market)作为测试版功能推出,该功能允许用户通过Steam钱包余额的向他人出售虚拟物品。Valve征收15%的交易费,使用Steam市场的游戏发行商也要支付交易费。《絕地要塞2》是首款在测试阶段支持该功能的游戏[88]。2013年4月,Steam开始支持基于订阅的游戏,首款使用订阅服务的游戏是《暗黑破坏神之战英语Darkfall Unholy Wars[89]

2012年10月,Steam推出了非游戏类的应用程序,销售方式通过与游戏相同[90]。此类应用程序也可以利用Steamworks的功能,包括简化安装、自动更新以及云端保存等功能[91]。Steam还允许购买游戏原声带,可使用Steam音乐(Steam Music)播放或与用户的其他媒体播放器集成[92]。2020年,Valve调整了对原声带的处理方式,不再要求原声带作为DLC提供,这意味着用户可以购买未拥有的游戏的原声带,发行商也可以为不在Steam上的游戏提供原声带[93]

Valve公司还为发行商增加了通过该服务租赁和销售数字电影的能力,最初大多数是电子游戏纪录片[94]。2015年9月,华纳兄弟在发布游戏《疯狂的麦克斯》时,同时在Steam上发布了该游戏改编自的同名电影[95]。后来狮门娱乐与Valve达成协议,从2016年4月开始将一百多部故事片通过Steam租赁,数月内电影数量持续增加[96]。2017年3月,Crunchyroll开始提供各种可通过Steam购买或租赁的日本动画[97]。然而,到了2019年2月,Valve关闭了其店面的“视频”选项卡,只留下与游戏相关的视频[98]

Valve曾从所有直接在Steam上进行的销售和交易中收取30%的收入份额英语Revenue sharing[註 1]。2018年10月,Valve更新了他们的政策,若一款游戏的收入超过1000万美元,Valve收取的收入份额就会减少到25%,而超过5000万美元时则进一步减少到20%[100]。有记者认为这一政策变化是为了吸引大型开发商留在Steam,而不是Origin或Uplay等其他数字店面[101]。而这一决定也遭到了独立开发者和小型游戏开发商的抨击,因为他们的比大型开发商得到的收入更少,付出的却更多[102][103][104]

Steam允许开发者在任何时候提供其游戏的试玩版。Valve在2019年与傑夫·吉斯利合作,结合游戏大奖(The Game Awards,TGA)举办了为期一周的Steam游戏节(Steam Game Festival),推出大量游戏的试玩版,同时销售已经发布的游戏[105]。此后该活动每年举行两到三次,通常与游戏博览会或颁奖活动一起举行,后来改名为Steam Next Fest[106]

2020年6月,Steam点数系统和店面上线。用户通过在Steam上消费获得积分,发布评论、讨论帖和用户生成内容等也有可能得到其它社区成员打赏积分。积分可以在独立的店面中兑换成用户的个人资料和聊天界面的装饰[107][108][109]

隐私、安全及滥用

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Steam的流行导致其遭到黑客攻击。2011年11月6日,Steam遭到fkn0wned网站的黑客攻击,Valve暂时关闭了Steam论坛。几天后,Valve报告说,黑客获得了进入Steam数据库的权限,该数据库包括用户的信用卡号、密码、电子邮件地址、帐单地址等个人信息。Valve表示不知道入侵者是否真的访问了这些信息或破解了加密的方法,但强制用户更改Steam论坛密码[110][111]

2011年3月,Valve在Steam客户端增加了Steam令牌(Steam Guard)功能,以防止钓鱼式攻击[112]。据宣传,Steam令牌利用了英特尔的身份保护技术(Identity Protection Technology,IPT),该技术可用于第二代酷睿Core)处理器和兼容主板硬件。Steam令牌使用户可将其账户锁定在特定的电脑上。一旦锁定,该账户在其他电脑上的活动必须首先得到被锁定电脑上的用户批准。第三方开发者可以通过Steamworks将Steam令牌整合到他们的应用程序中[113]。Steam令牌还提供雙重認證基于风险的认证英语Risk-based authentication,当用户从未知设备登录Steam帐户时,Steam会将一次性验证码发送到与Steam账户已验证的电子邮件地址进行认证[114]。2015年,此功能被扩展到Steam的移动应用程序上,即Steam令牌手机验证器(Steam Guard Mobile Authenticator)[115]

2015年12月,Valve报告称,每月大约有77000个账户被劫持,劫持者通过交易功能清空用户的物品库存[116]。为了提高安全性,该公司宣布将在2016年3月增加新的安全措施,用户必须启用Steam令牌至少15天才可进行交易或使用社区市场[117][118]。在《反恐精英:全球攻势》的皮肤赌博风波后,Valve在2016年7月表示正在打击第三方网站利用Steam库存交易进行皮肤赌博的行为[119]

商业漏洞研究公司ReVuln于2012年10月发表的论文指出,Steam浏览器协议存在安全风险,用户只需在浏览器中点击恶意制作的steam://网址就可以实现恶意攻击[120][121][122]。这是继育碧的游戏分发平台Uplay出现问题后,第二个游戏相关软件的严重漏洞[123]。德国IT平台Heise online英语Heise online建议将游戏和敏感数据严格分开,例如使用一台专门用于游戏的电脑,或在同一台电脑上使用第二个Windows账户进行游戏等[122]

2015年7月,软件的bug导致用户可以通过使用客户端的“忘记密码”功能重置任何账户的密码。这导致一些高知名度的职业玩家和主播无法访问其账户[124][125]。2015年12月,Steam的內容傳遞網路在应对DDoS攻击时被错误配置,导致包含邮件地址、购买历史等个人信息的缓存商店页面被泄漏给34000名用户[126][127]

2018年4月,Valve为Steam用户增加了新的隐私设置,用户能够将其当前的活动状态、游戏列表、好友列表、库存等设置为私密、只对好友可见或公开。该变化影响了部分第三方服务,如依靠公开数据来估计Steam的游戏销量的Steam Spy[128][129]

Valve于2018年5月在HackerOne英语HackerOne平台上设立了Bug赏金计划英语Bug bounty program,以鼓励人们报告Steam的bug。用户报告的bug会被通用漏洞评分系统(CVSS)进行评级和打分,低分漏洞能让提供者获得最多200美元,而高分漏洞的价值可达2000美元[130]。2019年8月,一名安全研究人员曝光了Steam的Windows客户端的一个零日漏洞,该漏洞允许任何用户只用几个简单的命令就能以LocalSystem的权限运行任意代码。该漏洞被通过该程序报告给了Valve,但最初因“超出范围”而被Valve拒绝。在同一用户发现第二个漏洞后,Valve道歉并修补了这两个漏洞,并扩大了该计划的规则,以便在未来接受任何其他类似的问题[131][132]

反诽谤联盟在2020年4月发布了一份报告,称Steam社区中存在纳粹主义白人至上主义极端主义的仇恨性内容[133]

使用者界面及功能

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玩家可以将非Steam游戏添加到他们的库中[134]。在游戏中,玩家可以打开名为Steam Overlay游戏内的界面,以在玩游戏的同时使用部分Steam社区功能,如打开好友列表、Steam聊天以及组/游戏邀请等[135],此外还可使用内置的网络浏览器[136]。2011年2月起,用户可使用该界面对正在运行的游戏进行截图并自动存储[137],还可在截图管理器中将其分享至FacebookTwitterReddit等网站[138]

Steam的“大屏幕”(Big Picture)模式于2011年公布[139],2012年9月开始公测,2012年12月正式推出[140]。大屏幕模式为10英尺用户界面英语10-foot user interface,它优化了Steam的显示效果,使其能够在高清电视上运行,用户可使用游戏手柄或用键盘和鼠标操控在电视上运行的Steam[141][142]。随着Steam Deck的推出,Valve表示,他们最终将以Steam Deck的用户界面取代大屏幕模式[143]

2012年,Valve公布了“Steam校园版”(Steam for Schools),为面向学校的Steam客户端[144]。这是Valve支持课堂教学游戏化英语Gamification of learning的倡议的一部分。该客户端将赠送《傳送門2》和,教师可通过类似Steam创意工坊的界面创建和分享关卡[145][146][147]

Steam家庭流媒体于2014年5月推出,该功能允许用户在同一家庭网络中以低延迟的方式将安装在一台电脑上的游戏流式传输到其它设备[148]。2019年6月,Valve将这一功能更名为“远程畅玩”(Remote Play),允许用户在可能处于家庭网络之外的设备上流式传输游戏[149]。2019年11月,经过一个月的测试,Steam增加了“远程同乐”(Remote Play Together)功能,使不同地点的用户能一同进行本地多人游戏,且无延迟问题[150][151][152][153]。2021年2月,“远程同乐”功能得到了扩展,使其能够通过Steam Link应用程序邀请非Steam玩家进行游戏[154]

作为社交网络服务的一部分,Steam客户端允许用户使用Steam社区功能来识别朋友和加入小组[155]。通过Steam聊天(Steam Chat)功能,用户可以与其他用户使用文字聊天和点对点VoIP,识别他们的朋友和其他小组成员正在玩的游戏,并加入和邀请朋友加入支持该功能的基于Steamworks的多人游戏。用户还可以在论坛中讨论Steam游戏。每个用户都有一个显示他或她的小组和好友、游戏库(包括获得的成就)、游戏心愿单等社交功能的页面;用户可以选择将这些信息保密[156]。2010年1月,Valve报告说,在2500万个活跃的Steam账户中,有1000万个注册了Steam社区[157]Steam集换式卡牌英语Steam Trading Cards于2013年5月推出,玩家可根据他们拥有的游戏获得该虚拟交易卡。玩家可以在Steam社区市场上与其他Steam用户交易该卡牌,并将它们合成为“徽章”,以获得游戏折扣券、表情符号等奖励,并能够定制其用户资料页面[158][159]。 2010年,Steam客户端成为OpenID提供者,允许第三方网站使用Steam用户的标识,而不要求用户暴露他或她的Steam凭证[160][161]。为了防止滥用,在Steam消费至少5美元之前,用户对大多数社区功能的访问受到限制[162][163]

Steamworks提供Valve的专有反作弊系统維爾福反作弊系統(Valve Anti-Cheat ,VAC);游戏服务器会自动检测并报告在在线多人游戏中使用作弊器的用户[164]。2012年8月,Valve在社区区域增加了新的功能,包括在游戏中心页面突出显示最佳的用户创建内容、热门论坛帖子和屏幕截图[165]。2012年12月,增加了用户可上传游戏攻略和指南的功能[166]

2015年1月起,Steam客户端允许玩家在平台上玩游戏的同时向Steam朋友或公众直播[167][168]2018年Dota 2国际邀请赛期间,Valve推出了流媒体网站Steam.tv用于直播比赛,用户可与Steam好友创建群聊并一起观看比赛[169][170][171][172]。它还被用于直播其他活动,如电子卡牌游戏《石器牌》的预发布比赛,以及2018年游戏大奖英语The Game Awards 2018游戏大奖(TGA)和Steam大奖颁奖典礼[173][174][175]

2014年9月,Steam音乐被添加到Steam客户端,用户可通过Steam音乐播放器播放购买的原声带,以及存储在电脑上的其它音乐[176][177][178]。2018年7月Valve大幅更新了好友和聊天系统,加入了非点对点的聊天与语音聊天等功能,使其类似于Discord[179][180]。2019年5月Valve发布了基于此聊天系统的Android和iOS移动应用Steam Chat[181]

2019年10月,Valve对Steam的库和游戏简介页面的进行了重大视觉改造[182]。该设计可使用户更好地管理其游戏,更加清晰地展示用户的好友正在玩的Steam游戏,以及提供更多分类游戏的自定义选项。Valve还开发了Steam活动(Steam Events)功能,使开发者可在游戏中开启活动时与用户进行交流,活动信息会出现在改进后的库和游戏资料页面上[183][184]

开发者功能

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Valve允许开发者在游戏发行前提前创建游戏店面页面,以帮助他们在游戏发行前吸引用户[185]。Valve会在其选定的发行日期的前两周向开发者发送一封提醒电子邮件,以鼓励开发者进入Valve的“构建审查”(build review),这是Valve在该发行日期前约一周进行的免费服务,即对游戏进行轻量级检查,以确保用户能够在发行当天下载、安装和启动游戏[186]

Valve向游戏和软件开发商免费提供Steamworks,Steamworks是提供开发和发布工具以利用Steam客户端功能的应用程序接口(API)[187]。Steamworks为服务器和点对点多人游戏提供网络和玩家认证工具、匹配服务、Steam社区的好友和组的支持、Steam统计和成就、集成语音通信和Steam Cloud支持,使游戏能够与Steam客户端集成。该API还提供反作弊系统和数字版权管理[188]。2016年,在Valve推出Steam Controller并改进Steam界面以支持众多自定义选项后,Steamworks API也进行了更新,为开发者提供了一个通用的手柄API库,并将Steam Controller的自定义功能扩展到第三方手柄,首个获得支持的手柄为DualShock 4[189]。后来,Steam的输入API进行了更新,正式支持其他主机的手柄,如2018年开始支持任天堂Switch Pro控制器[190],2020年开始支持Xbox Series X/SXbox Wireless Controller英语Xbox Wireless Controller,以及PlayStation 5DualSense[191][192]。2020年11月,Valve表示,在过去2年中,Steam游戏的手柄使用量增加了一倍多[193]。2019年3月,Steam的游戏服务器网络向第三方开发者开放[194]

售价方面,Valve于2014年2月宣布,开发者可为其游戏自行设置临时折扣,而不用依赖于Valve统一进行的折扣活动[195]。Valve还可能与开发者合作,建议他们参与主题日的折扣[186]

审查与封锁

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內容審查

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Steam在2015年接受成人遊戲之後,被指對視覺小說類型遊戲有更為嚴苛的審查。在Steam不接受成人遊戲的時期,《哈尼炮》和《猫娘乐园》的遊戲開發者最早以「補丁」的方式避開Steam的審查,上架含有成人內容的遊戲,這種操作獲得Steam的默認,也引起其他開發者的效仿。2017年1月,Valve首席執行官加布·紐維爾Reddit展開「Ask Me Anything」活動,讓玩家直接向其提問,有玩家問及Steam存在“未经审核内容”的成人游戏,其中「日式視覺小說」是重災區,並建議加以管制,事後加布·紐維爾也承諾會進行管理。2018年開始,Steam開始針對日式視覺小說進行整改,相關遊戲開發者收到整改上架遊戲的警告,日式視覺小說發行商MangaGamer反應自家遊戲經常在沒有通知的情況下強制下架,部分發行商表示代理遊戲難以過審,轉移發行平台[196]。Kotaku在2018年末統計分析了下架的遊戲,推測相關遊戲可能因為涉及兒童色情內容而下架[197]

除Steam自我审查外,Steam在很多国家和地区受到当地政府的监管和约束,有些国家和地区的政府会要求下架Steam商店上的部分游戏,甚至封锁Steam服务。

以下是Steam在部分国家和地区曾经或目前遭受到的审查和屏蔽。

2014年10月,Steam商店的域名store.steampowered.com防火长城短暂封锁,后来封锁解除[198]

2017年12月16日开始,Steam社区域名在中国大陆地区疑似遭到防火长城关键字屏蔽和DNS污染,原因未知。[199]

2017年12月16日开始, 因疑似被防火长城封锁steamcommunity.com域名下的Steam社区内容,导致在中国大陆的用户除了商店外无法访问社區相關功能,需要修改Hosts文件或使用游戏加速器等相关工具才能绕过封锁[200]。之后,因为升级了封锁方式,修改Hosts已无法绕过封锁。

2018年4月28日起,Steam在全球除中国大陆地区以外启用默认HTTPS链接代替之前的默认HTTP链接,此举被认为可以降低用户数据被ISP劫持分析的可能性。[201]中国大陆地区此时只有商店采用默认HTTPS链接,社区仍然是默认HTTP链接。

2018年6月2日,Steam在中国大陆地区也采用社区默认HTTPS链接,之后防火长城也针对此提升了封锁强度[註 2],玩家仍需要使用加速器等工具才能访问社区。[202]

2017年6月至8月,Steam的域名store.steampowered.com通过Http访问受到干扰。2019年1月,store.steampowered.com通过Http访问被封锁。

2021年12月,Steam的域名steampowered.com被发现[註 3]已被中华人民共和国工业和信息化部列入“违法违规网站黑名单”[註 4][203][204][205]

2021年12月22日起,store.steampowered.com域名时通过Https访问受到防火长城干扰,部分访问请求超时,[206][207]第三方追踪网站SteamDB表示Steam受到了类似Github的阻断[208],但Steam客户端本身不受影响,国内的用户目前仍然可以正常游戏[209][210]

2021年12月25日,Steam打折情报发布微博称“实际情况是商店和应用程序接口子域似乎在一些阿卡迈网际协议上经历了连接重置,类似于GitHub被封锁的情况。其他子域名(如合作伙伴网站)目前还能使用。”[211]

2023年2月17日,有部分大陆玩家反映,在不使用加速器以及修改hosts文件的情况下,Steam商店store.steampowered.com已经可以正常访问[212],但并未持续多久便重新受到访问干扰。截至2024年8月,Steam商店store.steampowered.com仍未解封,[213]访问时会受到间歇性阻断。

2024年4月22日,隶属于越南信息和通信部的媒体越南网(VietNamNet)发布了一则新闻报道,声称Steam平台在越南发布了超过10万款未经政府授权的游戏,文章引用一名越南国内游戏发行商代表的话声称:“Steam正在向越南自由发布游戏,包括暴力游戏、成人游戏……但无需得到政府许可。这对(越南)国内出版商来说是不公平的。需要当局对这个跨境平台采取管理措施,否则(越南)国内游戏发行商就会消亡。”,并且文章结尾提到,“据(越南)管理机构消息称,由于(Valve)在越南没有联络点,当局正在寻找解决方案,以防止(Steam)今后向越南用户提供非法跨境服务。”[214]

2024年5月7日,Steam商店被大多数越南主要的互联网服务提供商(ISP)屏蔽,许多越南用户报告无法访问Steam商店店面。这则2024年4月22日发布的新闻报道似乎解释了越南政府封锁Steam的原因,即越南政府以“未经许可发布游戏”为由采取了“解决方案”阻止越南用户使用Steam。[215]

由于美国对伊朗的制裁,Steam在伊朗不提供服务,伊朗用户无法通过正常渠道购买Steam游戏,Steam也曾多次将伊朗开发商的游戏下架[216]。并且自2022年起,Steam便遭到了伊朗政府封锁[217],伊朗用户无法通过正常方式打开Steam。

2020年11月,印尼政府颁布了一条新法案,规定被分类为“私人电子系统提供者”的公司必须在政府登记,登记后,印尼政府可以获取这些网站上特定用户的数据,还可以要求这些网站删除“违法”“扰乱公共秩序”的内容。在新法案正式实施之前,印尼通信部已经向在印尼开展业务的公司提出要求,让它们在2022年7月27日前注册完毕,那些在期限之内没有完成注册的公司将在印尼全国遭到封禁。由于未能在期限内遵守该国限制性内容审核法律相关的新要求,印尼政府短暂封锁了包括Steam、Epic Games、PayPal和雅虎在内的一系列在线服务,但在Valve紧急注册后,2022年8月2日后,印尼几家网络供应商已经恢复了Steam的访问权。[218]

2017年9月,马来西亚通讯与多媒体委员会(The Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission, MCMC)因采用宗教神祇为题材的《眾神之鬥》游戏有争议疑虑而短暂封锁了整个Steam商店,在Steam将这款游戏从Steam商店的马来西亚区下架后,Steam在马来西亚很快便解禁。[219]

蒸汽平台

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中国拥有對视频游戏和互联网使用的严格规定,但Steam用户中仍然有很大一部分来自中国。到2017年11月,超过一半的Steam用户基础都精通中文,这是因为“Dota 2”和“绝地求生”在中国的广泛流行所造成的,[220][221] 一些开发商报告说,中国玩家约占其游戏玩家总数的30%[222]

2017年12月,中国屏蔽Steam社区,导致许多功能无法使用后[223], Valve和完美世界宣布将帮助提供符合中国互联网要求的经过正式批准的Steam版本。完美世界之前曾与Valve合作,以通过批准的政府程序帮助将“Dota 2”和“反恐精英:全球攻势”带入中国。[222][224]

2019 年 8 月在上海举行的蒸汽平台发布会

2019年6月,Valve與上海的遊戲公司完美世界合作开发中國大陆版Steam[225],並定名為「蒸汽平台」。首批在该平台上架的遊戲將有約40款,其中包含《Dota 2》、《Dota 霸業》等[226][227]。据Valve的業務人員透露,現有的國際服Steam不会放弃中国大陆市场[228],但「特供版」还是造成了中国大陆部分用户的担心[229]

2021年1月,Valve官方宣布蒸汽平台将于2021年初登陆中国[230][231]。2月,CSGO发布公告称蒸汽平台将于2021年2月9号开始进行测试[232]

中國專用的蒸汽平台落地後,将独立于Steam进行营运,且只有通过政府审查的内容才可以上架蒸汽平台[233]。但Valve并没有计划阻止中国用户访问国际Steam平台,而是会尝试确保玩家的雲端資料在两者之间仍然可用[222]。该客户端于2021年2月9日作为公开测试版发布,发布时提供了约40种游戏。[234]

註釋

[编辑]
  1. ^ Valve没有从第三方Steam CDK分发平台和实体卡数字版的销售中获得任何分成[99]
  2. ^ 检测加密连接中的服务器名称指示
  3. ^ 12月25日被发现,具体列入时间仍不明。
  4. ^ 可以在中华人民共和国工信部ICP/IP地址/域名信息备案管理系统页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)查询。

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[编辑]
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    注:Akamai是一家内容分发网络提供商
     
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外部链接

[编辑]