玉蕊:修订间差异
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{{noteTA|G1=LS|1=zh-hans:玉蕊;zh-tw:穗花棋盤腳}} |
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{{Speciesbox |
{{Speciesbox |
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| genus = Barringtonia |
| genus = Barringtonia |
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| image = Barringtonia racemosa1.JPG |
| image = Barringtonia racemosa1.JPG |
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| image_caption = 玉蕊的花 |
| image_caption = 玉蕊的花 |
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|status = LC |
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|status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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|status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group. |author2=Botanic Gardens Conservation International |collaboration=BGCI |date=2020 |title=''Barringtonia racemosa'' |volume=2020 |page=e.T160298203A160301831 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T160298203A160301831.en |access-date=20 November 2021}}</ref> |
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| authority = (L.) Spreng.| synonyms = *''Barringtonia apiculata'' <small>(Miers) R.Knuth [Illegitimate] </small> |
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| authority = ([[卡尔·林奈|L.]]) [[库尔特·波利卡普·约阿希姆·施普伦格尔|Spreng.]] |
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*''Barringtonia caffra'' <small> (Miers) E.Mey. ex R.Knuth </small> |
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| synonyms = |
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⚫ | |||
{{collapsible list|bullets = true |
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⚫ | |||
|''Barringtonia apiculata'' <small>(Miers) R.Knuth [Illegitimate] </small> |
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|''Barringtonia caffra'' <small> (Miers) E.Mey. ex R.Knuth </small> |
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|''Barringtonia caffra '' <small>E. Mey. </small> |
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|''Barringtonia celebesensis'' <small> R.Knuth </small> |
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|''Barringtonia ceramensis'' <small> R.Knuth </small> |
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|''Barringtonia ceylanica'' <small> (Miers) Gardner ex C.B.Clarke </small> |
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|''Barringtonia elongata'' <small> Korth. </small> |
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|''Barringtonia excelsa'' <small> A.Gray </small> |
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|''Barringtonia inclyta '' <small>Miers ex B.D.Jacks. [Invalid] </small> |
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|''Barringtonia lageniformis '' <small>Merr. & L.M.Perry </small> |
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|''Barringtonia longiracemosa'' <small> C.T.White </small> |
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|''Barringtonia obtusangula'' <small> (Blume) R.Knuth </small> |
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|''Barringtonia pallida '' <small>(Miers) Koord. & Valeton </small> |
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|''Barringtonia racemosa'' <small> Oliv. </small> |
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|''Barringtonia racemosa '' <small>(L.) Blume ex DC. </small> |
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|''Barringtonia racemosa var. elongata '' <small>(Korth.) Blume </small> |
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|''Barringtonia racemosa var. minor'' <small> Blume </small> |
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|''Barringtonia racemosa var. procera'' <small> Blume </small> |
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|''Barringtonia racemosa var. subcuneata '' <small>Miq. </small> |
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|''Barringtonia rosaria '' <small>Oken </small> |
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|''Barringtonia rosata '' <small>(Sonn.) R.Knuth </small> |
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|''Barringtonia rumphiana '' <small>(Miers) R.Knuth </small> |
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|''Barringtonia salomonensis '' <small>Rech. </small> |
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|''Barringtonia stravadium'' <small> Blanco </small> |
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|''Barringtonia terrestris '' <small>(Miers) R.Knuth </small> |
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|''Barringtonia timorensis'' <small> Blume </small> |
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|''Butonica alba '' <small>(Pers.) Miers [Illegitimate] </small> |
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|''Butonica apiculata '' <small>Miers </small> |
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|''Butonica caffra'' <small> Miers </small> |
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|''Butonica ceylanica '' <small>Miers </small> |
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|''Butonica inclyta '' <small>Miers </small> |
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|''Butonica racemosa'' <small> (L.) Juss. </small> |
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|''Butonica rosata'' <small> (Sonn.) Miers </small> |
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|''Butonica rumphiana '' <small>Miers </small> |
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|''Butonica terrestris '' <small>Miers </small> |
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|''Caryophyllus racemosus '' <small>(L.) Stokes </small> |
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|''Eugenia racemosa'' <small> L. </small> |
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|''Huttum racemosum '' <small>(L.) Britten </small> |
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|''Megadendron ambiguum'' <small> Miers </small> |
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|''Megadendron pallidum '' <small>Miers </small> |
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|''Menichea rosata'' <small> Sonn. </small> |
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|''Michelia apiculata '' <small>(Miers) Kuntze </small> |
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|''Michelia ceylanica '' <small>(Miers) Kuntze </small> |
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|''Michelia racemosa'' <small> (L.) Kuntze </small> |
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|''Michelia rosata '' <small>(Sonn.) Kuntze </small> |
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|''Michelia timorensis '' <small>(Blume) Kuntze </small> |
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|''Stravadium album'' <small> Pers. [Illegitimate] </small> |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|''Stravadium rubrum'' <small>DC. [Illegitimate] </small> }} |
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}} |
}} |
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[[File:穗花棋盤腳 20190718205532.jpg|thumb|花]] |
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'''玉蕊'''([[学名]]:{{lang|la|''Barringtonia racemosa''}}),又名'''水茄 |
'''玉蕊'''([[学名]]:{{lang|la|''Barringtonia racemosa''}}),又名'''水茄苳'''、'''-{zh-hans:穗花棋盘脚;zh-tw:玉蕊}-'''、'''穗花棋盤-{}-腳樹'''或'''細葉棋盤-{}-腳樹''',为[[玉蕊科]][[玉蕊属]]的半红树植物<ref name="dwaf">{{cite web |
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| url=http://www2.dwaf.gov.za/dwaf/cmsdocs/4116___poster%20protected%20trees.pdf |
| url=http://www2.dwaf.gov.za/dwaf/cmsdocs/4116___poster%20protected%20trees.pdf |
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| title=Protected Trees |
| title=Protected Trees |
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玉蕊屬的常綠喬木,高可達16公尺,原產亞洲、大洋洲、非洲熱帶地區的河口溼地紅樹林及海岸林中。互生橢圓形葉片有鋸齒,葉片常叢生於枝頂。總狀花序自枝端或老枝長出,花序下垂,長度可達1公尺以上。披針形白色花瓣4枚。雄蕊白色或粉紅色,雌蕊桃紅色。果實纖維質,長達 5~7 公分,具不明顯四稜,能漂浮於水上,借由海潮傳播。開花期近全年,以春夏季最盛。 |
玉蕊屬的常綠喬木,高可達16公尺,原產亞洲、大洋洲、非洲熱帶地區的河口溼地紅樹林及海岸林中。互生橢圓形葉片有鋸齒,葉片常叢生於枝頂。總狀花序自枝端或老枝長出,花序下垂,長度可達1公尺以上。披針形白色花瓣4枚。雄蕊白色或粉紅色,雌蕊桃紅色。果實纖維質,長達 5~7 公分,具不明顯四稜,能漂浮於水上,借由海潮傳播。開花期近全年,以春夏季最盛。 |
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葉、樹皮、根均有毒性,含氫氰酸及皂素。其中毒病狀常是因誤食引起胃腸不適、腹瀉、動作不協調及肌肉麻 |
葉、樹皮、根均有毒性,含氫氰酸及皂素。其中毒病狀常是因誤食引起胃腸不適、腹瀉、動作不協調及肌肉麻痺等現象。<ref name=Monaco>{{cite web |url=https://www.monaconatureencyclopedia.com/barringtonia-edulis/?lang=en |title=''Barringtonia edulis'' |work=Monaco Nature Encyclopedia |accessdate=11 November 2020 |archive-date=2023-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324061753/https://www.monaconatureencyclopedia.com/barringtonia-edulis/?lang=en |dead-url=no }}</ref> |
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玉蕊屬植物多數具有毒性,但值得一提的是,於西南太平洋地區的斐濟和萬那杜,卻分佈著一種玉蕊屬果、種子均可食用種類:[[芙荼]]Barringtonia edulis(密花棋盤腳、密花玉蕊) |
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==参考文献== |
==参考文献== |
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== 延伸阅读 == |
== 延伸阅读 == |
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{{Wikisource further reading}} |
{{Wikisource further reading}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q2718437}} |
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2718437}} |
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2024年9月24日 (二) 17:04的最新版本
玉蕊 | |
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玉蕊的花 | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 维管植物 Tracheophyta |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 真双子叶植物 Eudicots |
演化支: | 菊类植物 Asterids |
目: | 杜鹃花目 Ericales |
科: | 玉蕊科 Lecythidaceae |
属: | 玉蕊屬 Barringtonia |
种: | 玉蕊 B. racemosa
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二名法 | |
Barringtonia racemosa | |
異名 | |
列表
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玉蕊(学名:Barringtonia racemosa),又名水茄苳、穗花棋盘脚、穗花棋盤腳樹或細葉棋盤腳樹,为玉蕊科玉蕊属的半红树植物[2]。分布于亚洲、非洲、台湾、大洋洲以及中国大陆的广东和广西、海南岛等地。因耐風耐鹽,常植於海濱地區,作為防風林用,也常見於庭園,作為觀賞植物。於夜間開花,花朵構造特殊,花序造型優美且具有香味,適合作為庭園樹與行道樹使用。目前中国大陆自然生长面积最大的玉蕊林分布于广东省湛江市雷州市调风镇的九龙山红树林国家湿地公园,处于濒危处境。
描述
[编辑]玉蕊屬的常綠喬木,高可達16公尺,原產亞洲、大洋洲、非洲熱帶地區的河口溼地紅樹林及海岸林中。互生橢圓形葉片有鋸齒,葉片常叢生於枝頂。總狀花序自枝端或老枝長出,花序下垂,長度可達1公尺以上。披針形白色花瓣4枚。雄蕊白色或粉紅色,雌蕊桃紅色。果實纖維質,長達 5~7 公分,具不明顯四稜,能漂浮於水上,借由海潮傳播。開花期近全年,以春夏季最盛。
葉、樹皮、根均有毒性,含氫氰酸及皂素。其中毒病狀常是因誤食引起胃腸不適、腹瀉、動作不協調及肌肉麻痺等現象。[3]
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group.; Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Barringtonia racemosa. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020, 2020: e.T160298203A160301831 [20 November 2021]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T160298203A160301831.en . 已忽略未知参数
|collaboration=
(帮助) - ^ Protected Trees (PDF). Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa. 3 May 2013. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2010-07-05).
- ^ Barringtonia edulis. Monaco Nature Encyclopedia. [11 November 2020]. (原始内容存档于2023-03-24).
延伸阅读
[编辑][在维基数据编辑]