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1924年,曼德博生于[[波兰]][[华沙]]的一个[[犹太人]]家庭<ref name="wos1">{{cite web|url=http://www.webofstories.com/play/9596|title=Web of Stories • Benoît Mandelbrot • Family background and early education|last=Mandelbrot|first=Benoît|coauthors=Bernard Sapoval, Daniel Zajdenweber|date=May 1998|publisher=[[Web of Stories]]|accessdate=19 October 2010}}</ref>。 Mandelbrot was born into a family with a strong academic tradition - his mother was a [[物理]] and he was introduced to [[mathematics]] by two of his uncles, one of whom, [[Szolem Mandelbrojt]], was a mathematician who resided in [[巴黎]]. However, his father made his living trading clothing.<ref name="wolf">{{Cite document|last=Mandelbrot|first=Benoit|contribution=A maverick's apprenticeship|title=The Wolf Prizes for Physics|publisher=Imperial College Press|year=2002|url=http://www.math.yale.edu/mandelbrot/web_pdfs/mavericksApprenticeship.pdf}}</ref> Anticipating the threat posed by [[纳粹德国]], the family fled from Poland to [[法国]] in 1936 when he was 11.<ref name="bbc_obit">{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11560101|title=BBC News - 'Fractal' mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot dies aged 85|date=17 October 2010|work=[[BBC Online]]|accessdate=17 October 2010}}</ref> Mandelbrot attended the Lycée Rolin in Paris until the start of [[第二次世界大战]], when his family moved to [[Tulle]], France. He was helped by [[Rabbi]] [[David Feuerwerker]], the Rabbi of [[Brive-la-Gaillarde]], to continue his studies. In 1944 he returned to Paris. He studied at the [[Lycée du Parc]] in [[昂]] and in 1945 - 47 attended the [[École Polytechnique]], where he studied under [[Gaston Julia]] and [[Paul Pierre Lévy|Paul Lévy]]. From 1947 to 1949 he studied at [[California Institute of Technology]], where he earned a master's degree in [[aeronautics]].<ref name="guardian_obit">{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/oct/17/benoit-mandelbrot-obituary|title=Benoît Mandelbrot obituary|last=Lesmoir-Gordon|first=Nigel|date=17 October 2010|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=17 October 2010}}</ref> Returning to France, he obtained his [[Ph.D. degree]] in Mathematical Sciences at the [[University of Paris]] in 1952.<ref name="wolf"/>
1924年,曼德博生于[[波兰]][[华沙]]的一个[[犹太人]]家庭<ref name="wos1">{{cite web|url=http://www.webofstories.com/play/9596|title=Web of Stories • Benoît Mandelbrot • Family background and early education|last=Mandelbrot|first=Benoît|coauthors=Bernard Sapoval, Daniel Zajdenweber|date=May 1998|publisher=[[Web of Stories]]|accessdate=19 October 2010}}</ref>。他们家有着浓厚的学术气氛,母亲是一位牙科医生,父亲则是一名服装商人,而曼德博的[[学]]启蒙则是得益于他的数学家叔叔,居于[[巴黎]]的佐列姆·芒德勃罗伊(Szolem Mandelbrojt)<ref name="wolf">{{Cite document|last=Mandelbrot|first=Benoit|contribution=A maverick's apprenticeship|title=The Wolf Prizes for Physics|publisher=Imperial College Press|year=2002|url=http://www.math.yale.edu/mandelbrot/web_pdfs/mavericksApprenticeship.pdf}}</ref>。1936年,年曼德博11岁时,因[[纳粹德国]]对犹太人的威胁日益加剧,随全家移居[[法国]]巴黎<ref name="bbc_obit">{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11560101|title=BBC News - 'Fractal' mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot dies aged 85|date=17 October 2010|work=[[BBC Online]]|accessdate=17 October 2010}}</ref>。曼德博就读于巴黎的Rolin中学,[[第二次世界大战]]爆发后,全家再次逃往法国[[蒂勒]],在那里,他受到了居于[[布里夫拉盖亚尔德]][[拉比]]David Feuerwerker的资助,得以继续他的学业。1944年,曼德博一家回到了巴黎。他在[[里昂]][[昂勒帕克中学]]学习了一段时间之后,于1945年考取了[[巴黎综合理工学院]],于数学家[[加斯顿·朱丽亚]][[保罗·皮埃尔·莱维]]门下学习。1947年曼德博来到[[加州理工学院]],并于1949年获得[[航空学]]硕士学位<ref name="guardian_obit">{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/oct/17/benoit-mandelbrot-obituary|title=Benoît Mandelbrot obituary|last=Lesmoir-Gordon|first=Nigel|date=17 October 2010|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=17 October 2010}}</ref>。曼德博回到法国后,于[[1952年]][[巴黎大学]]获得数学科学[[博士学位]]<ref name="wolf"/>


From 1949 to 1958 Mandelbrot was a staff member at the [[Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique]]. During this time he spent a year at the [[高等研究院]] in [[新泽西州]][[普林斯顿]], where he was sponsored by [[John von Neumann]]. In 1955 he married Aliette Kagan and moved to [[瑞士]][[日内瓦]], and later to the [[Université Lille Nord de France]].<ref name="people">{{Cite document|last=Barcellos|first=Anthony|contribution=Interview Of B. B. Mandelbrot|title=Mathematical People|publisher=Birkhaüser|year=1984|url=http://www.math.yale.edu/mandelbrot/web_pdfs/inHisOwnWords.pdf}}</ref> In 1958 the couple moved to the United States where Mandelbrot joined the research staff at the [[IBM公司]][[Thomas J. Watson Research Center]] in [[Yorktown Heights, New York]].<ref name="people"/> He remained at IBM for thirty-five years, becoming an [[IBM研究]], and later Fellow [[Emeritus]].<ref name="wolf"/>
1949年到1958年间,曼德博供职于[[法国国家科学研究中心]],在这期间,受[[约翰·冯·诺伊曼]]邀请,在[[新泽西州]][[普林斯顿]][[普林斯顿高等研究院]]访问了一年时间。1955 年,他与阿雷特·卡甘结婚,并迁居到[[瑞士]][[日内瓦]],之后则于[[里尔大学]]工作<ref name="people">{{Cite document|last=Barcellos|first=Anthony|contribution=Interview Of B. B. Mandelbrot|title=Mathematical People|publisher=Birkhaüser|year=1984|url=http://www.math.yale.edu/mandelbrot/web_pdfs/inHisOwnWords.pdf}}</ref>1958年,曼德博夫妇移居美国,进入了位于[[纽约州]]约克镇<!--此处不是弗吉尼亚州的约克镇,暂请勿添加内部链接!-->的[[IBM公司]][[托马斯·J·沃森研究中心]]<ref name="people"/>。他在IBM公司担任[[IBM研究]]长达35年之久,并于之后成为了荣誉研究员<ref name="wolf"/>

2010年11月8日 (一) 14:04的版本

1924年,曼德博生于波兰华沙的一个犹太人家庭[1]。他们家有着浓厚的学术气氛,母亲是一位牙科医生,父亲则是一名服装商人,而曼德博的数学启蒙则是得益于他的数学家叔叔,居于巴黎的佐列姆·芒德勃罗伊(Szolem Mandelbrojt)[2]。1936年,年曼德博11岁时,因纳粹德国对犹太人的威胁日益加剧,随全家移居法国巴黎[3]。曼德博就读于巴黎的Rolin中学,第二次世界大战爆发后,全家再次逃往法国蒂勒,在那里,他受到了居于布里夫拉盖亚尔德拉比David Feuerwerker的资助,得以继续他的学业。1944年,曼德博一家回到了巴黎。他在里昂昂勒帕克中学学习了一段时间之后,于1945年考取了巴黎综合理工学院,于数学家加斯顿·朱丽亚保罗·皮埃尔·莱维门下学习。1947年曼德博来到加州理工学院,并于1949年获得航空学硕士学位[4]。曼德博回到法国后,于1952年巴黎大学获得数学科学博士学位[2]

1949年到1958年间,曼德博供职于法国国家科学研究中心,在这期间,受约翰·冯·诺伊曼邀请,在新泽西州普林斯顿普林斯顿高等研究院访问了一年时间。1955 年,他与阿雷特·卡甘结婚,并迁居到瑞士日内瓦,之后则于里尔大学工作[5]。1958年,曼德博夫妇移居美国,进入了位于纽约州约克镇的IBM公司托马斯·J·沃森研究中心[5]。他在IBM公司担任IBM研究员长达35年之久,并于之后成为了荣誉研究员[2]

  1. ^ Mandelbrot, Benoît; Bernard Sapoval, Daniel Zajdenweber. Web of Stories • Benoît Mandelbrot • Family background and early education. Web of Stories. May 1998 [19 October 2010]. 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Mandelbrot, Benoit. The Wolf Prizes for Physics (PDF). Imperial College Press. 2002.  |contribution=被忽略 (帮助)
  3. ^ BBC News - 'Fractal' mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot dies aged 85. BBC Online. 17 October 2010 [17 October 2010]. 
  4. ^ Lesmoir-Gordon, Nigel. Benoît Mandelbrot obituary. The Guardian. 17 October 2010 [17 October 2010]. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Barcellos, Anthony. Mathematical People (PDF). Birkhaüser. 1984.  |contribution=被忽略 (帮助)