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心臟驟停:修订间差异

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{{merge from|漂白致死|discuss=Talk:心搏停止#请求与猝死合并|time=2019-03-27T07:00:58+00:00}}
{{merge from|死|discuss=Talk:心搏停止#请求与猝死合并|time=2019-03-27T07:00:58+00:00}}
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{{medical}}
{{Otheruses|subject=心臟問題導致血液無法循環的疾病|other=心臟無電氣活動的狀態|心跳停止}}
{{Otheruses|subject=心臟問題導致血液無法循環的疾病|other=心臟無電氣活動的狀態|心跳停止}}
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<!-- Epidemiology and history -->
<!-- Epidemiology and history -->
在[[美國]],醫院之外心臟驟停的發生率約為每年萬分之13(326,000 例)<ref name=AHA2015Part4/>,院內心臟停止人數則約209,000例<ref name=AHA2015Part4>{{cite journal|last1=Kronick|first1=SL|last2=Kurz|first2=MC|last3=Lin|first3=S|last4=Edelson|first4=DP|last5=Berg|first5=RA|last6=Billi|first6=JE|last7=Cabanas|first7=JG|last8=Cone|first8=DC|last9=Diercks|first9=DB|last10=Foster|first10=JJ|last11=Meeks|first11=RA|last12=Travers|first12=AH|last13=Welsford|first13=M|title=Part 4: Systems of Care and Continuous Quality Improvement: 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines Update for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care.|journal=Circulation|date=3 November 2015|volume=132|issue=18 Suppl 2|pages=S397-413|pmid=26472992|doi=10.1161/cir.0000000000000258}}</ref>。心臟驟停的機會隨年齡增加<ref name=NIH2016Risk/>,其中男性較女性為多<ref name=NIH2016Risk>{{cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for Sudden Cardiac Arrest?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/scda/atrisk|website=NHLBI|accessdate=16 August 2016|date=June 22, 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160823231651/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/scda/atrisk|archivedate=23 August 2016}}</ref>,存活比例約為8%<ref name=Adam2012/>,且許多人留有明顯[[身心障礙|後遺症]]<ref name=Adam2012/>。許多美國電視劇播報心搏停止的存活率67%,這是不正確的<ref name=Adam2012>{{cite book|last1=Adams|first1=James G.|title=Emergency Medicine: Clinical Essentials (Expert Consult – Online)|date=2012|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=1455733946|page=1771|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rpoH-KYE93IC&pg=PA1771|language=en|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905133735/https://books.google.com/books?id=rpoH-KYE93IC&pg=PA1771|archivedate=2017-09-05}}</ref>。
在[[美國]],醫院之外心臟驟停的發生率約為每年萬分之13(326,000 例)<ref name=AHA2015Part4/>,院內心臟停止人數則約209,000例<ref name=AHA2015Part4>{{cite journal|last1=Kronick|first1=SL|last2=Kurz|first2=MC|last3=Lin|first3=S|last4=Edelson|first4=DP|last5=Berg|first5=RA|last6=Billi|first6=JE|last7=Cabanas|first7=JG|last8=Cone|first8=DC|last9=Diercks|first9=DB|last10=Foster|first10=JJ|last11=Meeks|first11=RA|last12=Travers|first12=AH|last13=Welsford|first13=M|title=Part 4: Systems of Care and Continuous Quality Improvement: 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines Update for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care.|journal=Circulation|date=3 November 2015|volume=132|issue=18 Suppl 2|pages=S397-413|pmid=26472992|doi=10.1161/cir.0000000000000258}}</ref>。心臟驟停的機會隨年齡增加<ref name=NIH2016Risk/>,其中男性較女性為多<ref name=NIH2016Risk>{{cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for Sudden Cardiac Arrest?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/scda/atrisk|website=NHLBI|accessdate=16 August 2016|date=June 22, 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160823231651/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/scda/atrisk|archivedate=23 August 2016}}</ref>,存活比例約為8%<ref name=Adam2012/>,且許多人留有明顯[[身心障礙|後遺症]]<ref name=Adam2012/>。許多美國電視劇播報心搏停止的存活率67%,這是不正確的<ref name=Adam2012>{{cite book|last1=Adams|first1=James G.|title=Emergency Medicine: Clinical Essentials (Expert Consult – Online)|date=2012|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=1455733946|page=1771|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rpoH-KYE93IC&pg=PA1771|language=en|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905133735/https://books.google.com/books?id=rpoH-KYE93IC&pg=PA1771|archivedate=2017-09-05}}</ref>。

==相關條目==
==相關條目==
*[[到院前死亡]]:也稱為到院前呼吸心跳停止,簡稱OHCA
*[[到院前死亡]]:也稱為到院前呼吸心跳停止,簡稱OHCA

2020年2月18日 (二) 06:28的版本

心搏停止
Cardiac arrest
又称Cardiopulmonary arrest, circulatory arrest, sudden cardiac arrest (SCA), sudden cardiac death (SCD)[1]
對心搏停止病患進行心肺復甦術
症状失去意識英语unconsciousness不正常的或停止呼吸英语respiratory arrest[1][2]
起病年龄較老的年紀[3]
类型congestive heart failure[*]疾病
病因冠狀動脈疾病大出血缺氧低鉀血症心臟衰竭[4]
診斷方法找不到跳動的脈搏[1]
預防不抽菸、運動、維持健康體重[5]
治療心肺复苏 (CPR)、去顫 (defibrillation)[6]
预后平均存活率為 8%[7]
患病率美國每年每一萬人中約十三人 (病發於醫院外) [8]
分类和外部资源
醫學專科心臟病學
ICD-11MC82
ICD-9-CM427.5
OMIM115080
DiseasesDB2095
MedlinePlus007640
[编辑此条目的维基数据]
心臟驟停
症状心衰竭
类型congestive heart failure[*]疾病
分类和外部资源
醫學專科心臟內科、​急診醫學
ICD-11MC82
ICD-10I46
ICD-9-CM427.5
OMIM[1]
DiseasesDB2095
MedlinePlus[2]
MeSHD006323
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

心臟停止(Cardiac arrest)或稱為心搏停止,是心臟因不能夠有效收縮,而導致血液循環停止的現象[9],症狀包含喪失意識呼吸異常或中止英语respiratory arrest[1][2],有些患者在心搏驟止前還會胸痛呼吸困難,以及恶心等症狀[2]心搏停止後若無獲得治療,一般會在數分鐘內死亡[9]

最常造成心搏驟止的原因是冠心病[4],其他較少見的原因包含大出血、缺氧、血鉀極低心臟衰竭,以及過度運動[4]。有些遺傳疾病如長QT症也會增加心搏驟停的風險[4],在心搏驟停之前,最常先觀察到有心室顫動的現象[4]。確診方法為無心搏[1]值得注意的是,心肌梗塞可能導致心搏停止,但這兩者並不相同[9]

預防方法包含不抽菸、運動,以及維持體重在理想的範圍內[5]。治療方法為立即進行心肺復甦術。若為可電擊復律心律(shockable rhythm),則進行去顫[6]若成功恢復心跳,目標體溫管理英语Targeted Temperature Management也有助於改善結果[10]植入型心臟去顫器英语Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator也能減少日後復發致死的危險[5]

美國,醫院之外心臟驟停的發生率約為每年萬分之13(326,000 例)[8],院內心臟停止人數則約209,000例[8]。心臟驟停的機會隨年齡增加[3],其中男性較女性為多[3],存活比例約為8%[7],且許多人留有明顯後遺症[7]。許多美國電視劇播報心搏停止的存活率67%,這是不正確的[7]

相關條目

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Field, John M. The Textbook of Emergency Cardiovascular Care and CPR. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2009: 11. ISBN 9780781788991. (原始内容存档于2017-09-05) (英语). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Sudden Cardiac Arrest?. NHLBI. June 22, 2016 [16 August 2016]. (原始内容存档于27 August 2016). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Who Is at Risk for Sudden Cardiac Arrest?. NHLBI. June 22, 2016 [16 August 2016]. (原始内容存档于23 August 2016). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 What Causes Sudden Cardiac Arrest?. NHLBI. June 22, 2016 [16 August 2016]. (原始内容存档于28 July 2016). 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 How Can Death Due to Sudden Cardiac Arrest Be Prevented?. NHLBI. June 22, 2016 [16 August 2016]. (原始内容存档于27 August 2016). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 How Is Sudden Cardiac Arrest Treated?. NHLBI. June 22, 2016 [16 August 2016]. (原始内容存档于27 August 2016). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Adams, James G. Emergency Medicine: Clinical Essentials (Expert Consult – Online). Elsevier Health Sciences. 2012: 1771. ISBN 1455733946. (原始内容存档于2017-09-05) (英语). 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Kronick, SL; Kurz, MC; Lin, S; Edelson, DP; Berg, RA; Billi, JE; Cabanas, JG; Cone, DC; Diercks, DB; Foster, JJ; Meeks, RA; Travers, AH; Welsford, M. Part 4: Systems of Care and Continuous Quality Improvement: 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines Update for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care.. Circulation. 3 November 2015, 132 (18 Suppl 2): S397–413. PMID 26472992. doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000258. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 What Is Sudden Cardiac Arrest?. NHLBI. June 22, 2016 [16 August 2016]. (原始内容存档于28 July 2016). 
  10. ^ Schenone, AL; Cohen, A; Patarroyo, G; Harper, L; Wang, X; Shishehbor, MH; Menon, V; Duggal, A. Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest: a systematic review/meta-analysis exploring the impact of expanded criteria and targeted temperature.. Resuscitation. 10 August 2016, 108: 102–110. PMID 27521472. doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.07.238.