猶加敦馬雅語：修订间差异

猶加敦瑪雅語
猶加敦瑪雅語
Maaya t'aan
母语国家和地区	墨西哥, 貝里斯
区域	猶加敦 547,098; 金塔納羅奧 163,477; 坎佩切 75,847; 貝里斯 5,000
母语使用人数	805,000
語系	瑪雅語系猶加敦語支猶加敦拉坎敦亞支猶加敦瑪雅語; ; ;
語言代碼
ISO 639-2	myn
ISO 639-3	yua
ELP	Yucatec

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2021年9月28日 (二) 11:19的版本

猶加敦瑪雅語又稱為猶加敦語，是猶加敦半島上瑪雅人的語言，同時也使用於貝里斯北部及瓜地馬拉的部分地區，然而這個語言卻可追溯至 5,000 年前古典瑪雅語的猶加敦方言。對當地使用者來說，他們只知道這種每天在使用的語言就叫「瑪雅語」，而「猶加敦」是語言學家為了將之與「瑪雅語系」的稱呼作區別而加上的。據統計，猶加敦瑪雅語在墨西哥及貝里斯分別有70萬和五千個使用人口。

現在用來書寫猶加敦瑪雅語的文字是拉丁字母，在西班牙人征服猶加敦的時候由西班牙人帶入，使用的是當時舊式的西班牙語拼字法（例如以 "x" 代表英語裡的後齒齦擦音 "sh"，此音後來在現在的西班牙語裡變為拼成 "j" 的小舌擦音，除了一些擬古的拼法，如 "México"）。在殖民時期，還有一個倒"c" (ɔ)常用來代表現在拼成 "dz" 的音。在前哥倫布時期，猶加敦瑪雅語是以瑪雅象形文字書寫。

猶加敦瑪雅語和其他許多瑪雅語系語言的一項特徵，是它們都有「喉音化子音」：/p'/、/k'/，及 /t'/，也就是在發音之後會有一個喉塞音，使發音時會有一個短暫的停頓或小阻塞。這個音在書寫時，是以一個在字母右邊的省略符號表示，例如 k'ux k'a k'al。

猶加敦瑪雅語是一種膠著語，也因此在組合之下，它的一個詞就可以變得非常長。猶加敦瑪雅語有大量的字根、前綴、後綴，及字綴。

就像所有瑪雅語系的語言，猶加敦瑪雅語屬於一種作格語言。

猶加敦瑪雅語在現今的猶加敦地區仍是主要語言，尤其是在鄉村地區。

參考文獻

Bolles, David. Combined Dictionary–Concordance of the Yucatecan Mayan Language. Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI). 1997– [2007-02-01]. （原始内容 (revised 2003)存档于2008-03-31）. 请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
Bolles, David; and Alejandra Bolles. A Grammar of the Yucatecan Mayan Language (revised online edition, 1996 Lee, New Hampshire). Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI). The Foundation Research Department. 2004 [2007-02-01].
Brody, Michal. The fixed word, the moving tongue: variation in written Yucatec Maya and the meandering evolution toward unified norms (PDF) PhD thesis, UT Electronic Theses and Dissertations, Digital Repository. Austin: University of Texas at Austin. 2004. OCLC 74908453.
Coe, Michael D.. Breaking the Maya Code. London: Thames and Hudson. 1992. ISBN 0-500-05061-9. OCLC 26605966.
Curl, John. Ancient American Poets: The Songs of Dzitbalche. Tempe: Bilingual Press. 2005. ISBN 1-931010-21-8.
McQuown, Norman A.. Classical Yucatec (Maya). Norman A. McQuown (Volume ed.) (编). Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 5: Linguistics. R. Wauchope (General Editor). Austin: University of Texas Press. 1968: 201–248. ISBN 0-292-73665-7. OCLC 277126.
Tozzer, Alfred M.. A Maya Grammar unabridged republication. New York: Dover. 1977 [1921]. ISBN 0-486-23465-7. OCLC 3152525.

外部連結

@@ 第9行： / 第9行： @@
 |speakers=805,000
 |states=[[墨西哥]], [[貝里斯]]
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+|region=[[猶加敦]] 547,098<br />[[金塔納羅奧州|金塔納羅奧]] 163,477<br />[[坎佩切州|坎佩切]] 75,847<br />[[貝里斯]] 5,000
 |familycolor=American
 |fam1=[[瑪雅語系]]
@@ 第30行： / 第30行： @@
 ==參考文獻==
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+* {{cite web |author={{aut|Bolles, David}} |year=1997– |title=Combined Dictionary–Concordance of the Yucatecan Mayan Language |publisher=Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI) |format=revised 2003 |url=http://www.famsi.org/reports/96072/index.html |accessdate=2007-02-01 |archive-date=2008-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080331001149/http://www.famsi.org/reports/96072/index.html |dead-url=yes }}
-: {{cite web |author={{aut|Bolles, David}} |coauthors=and {{aut|Alejandra Bolles}} |year=2004 |title=A Grammar of the Yucatecan Mayan Language |publisher=The Foundation Research Department |work=Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI) |format=revised online edition, 1996 Lee, New Hampshire |url=http://www.famsi.org/research/bolles/grammar/index.html |accessdate=2007-02-01}}
+* {{cite web |author={{aut|Bolles, David}} |coauthors=and {{aut|Alejandra Bolles}} |year=2004 |title=A Grammar of the Yucatecan Mayan Language |publisher=The Foundation Research Department |work=Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI) |format=revised online edition, 1996 Lee, New Hampshire |url=http://www.famsi.org/research/bolles/grammar/index.html |accessdate=2007-02-01}}
-: {{cite book |author={{aut|Brody, Michal}} |year=2004 |title=The fixed word, the moving tongue: variation in written Yucatec Maya and the meandering evolution toward unified norms |url=http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1882 |format=[[PDF]] |edition=PhD thesis, UT Electronic Theses and Dissertations, Digital Repository |location=Austin |publisher=University of Texas at Austin|oclc=74908453}}
+* {{cite book |author={{aut|Brody, Michal}} |year=2004 |title=The fixed word, the moving tongue: variation in written Yucatec Maya and the meandering evolution toward unified norms |url=http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1882 |format=[[PDF]] |edition=PhD thesis, UT Electronic Theses and Dissertations, Digital Repository |location=Austin |publisher=University of Texas at Austin|oclc=74908453}}
-: {{cite book |author={{aut|Coe, Michael D.}}|year=1992 |title=Breaking the Maya Code |publisher=Thames and Hudson |location=London |isbn=0-500-05061-9 |oclc=26605966}}
+* {{cite book |author={{aut|Coe, Michael D.}}|year=1992 |title=Breaking the Maya Code |publisher=Thames and Hudson |location=London |isbn=0-500-05061-9 |oclc=26605966}}
-: {{cite book |author={{aut|Curl, John}} |year=2005 |title= Ancient American Poets: [http://red-coral.net/Dzit.html  The Songs of Dzitbalche] |url=https://archive.org/details/ancientamericanp0000unse |location= Tempe |publisher=Bilingual Press |isbn=1-931010-21-8}}
+* {{cite book |author={{aut|Curl, John}} |year=2005 |title= Ancient American Poets: The Songs of Dzitbalche |url=https://archive.org/details/ancientamericanp0000unse |location= Tempe |publisher=Bilingual Press |isbn=1-931010-21-8}}
-: {{cite book |author={{aut|McQuown, Norman A.}} |year=1968 |chapter=Classical Yucatec (Maya) |pages=201–248 |title=Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 5: Linguistics |editor=Norman A. McQuown (Volume ed.) |others=[[Robert Wauchope (archaeologist)|R. Wauchope]] (General Editor) |publisher=University of Texas Press |location=Austin |isbn=0-292-73665-7 |oclc=277126}}
+* {{cite book |author={{aut|McQuown, Norman A.}} |year=1968 |chapter=Classical Yucatec (Maya) |pages=201–248 |title=Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 5: Linguistics |editor=Norman A. McQuown (Volume ed.) |others=[[Robert Wauchope (archaeologist)|R. Wauchope]] (General Editor) |publisher=University of Texas Press |location=Austin |isbn=0-292-73665-7 |oclc=277126}}
-: {{cite book |author={{aut|Tozzer, Alfred M.}}|year=1977 |origyear=1921 |title=A Maya Grammar |edition=unabridged republication |publisher=Dover |location=New York |isbn=0-486-23465-7 |oclc=3152525}}
+* {{cite book |author={{aut|Tozzer, Alfred M.}}|year=1977 |origyear=1921 |title=A Maya Grammar |edition=unabridged republication |publisher=Dover |location=New York |isbn=0-486-23465-7 |oclc=3152525}}
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