福尔诺沃战役：修订间差异

福尔诺沃战役
	第一次意大利战争的一部分
	; 《Bataille de Fornoue，6 juillet 1495》，法王查理八世和巴亞爾騎士
日期	1495年7月6日
地点	意大利艾米利亞福爾諾沃
结果	法国瓦盧瓦王朝勝利
参战方
法国瓦盧瓦王朝	威尼斯聯盟:; 威尼斯共和国; 米兰公国; 曼切華公国
指挥官与领导者
查理八世; 貝亞爾	弗朗切斯科·貢扎加二世
兵力
10,000-11,000人	20,000-21,500人
伤亡与损失
100–200人死亡; 200人受傷	3,350-4,000人死亡; 未知受傷

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福尔诺沃战役是第一次意大利戰爭的主要戰役，於1495年7月6日發生於離帕爾馬西南50公里的福尔诺沃進行。威尼斯聯盟在這次战役中未能將法軍驅逐出意大利半島。

過程

1495年7月，进入意大利半岛的法国国王查理八世，在福爾諾沃地区（帕尔马东南）遭受到由英国、神圣罗马帝国、米兰公国、威尼斯共和国、教皇国组成的神圣联盟的军队的追击，联军主体为来自威尼斯和米兰的雇佣军。7月6日，由于缺乏食物，法军在该地发起进攻，與當時意大利僱傭兵戰爭中常見的戰法不同，法軍以炮轟開場，打算盡可能重創敵軍。接著用重騎兵衝鋒，在短短幾分鐘內摧毀了敵軍陣型。

註腳

^ Mallett & Hale 1984，第56頁.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Tucker 2010，第361頁.
^ Nolan 2006，第303頁.
^ Mallett & Shaw 2012，第31頁.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Dupuy 1993，第462頁.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Nolan 2006，第304頁.

參考資料

Birtachas, Stathis. Stradioti, Cappelletti, Compagnie or Milizie Greche: 'Greek' Mounted and Foot Troops in the Venetian State (Fifteenth to Eighteenth Centuries). Theotokis, Georgios; Yıldız, Aysel (编). A Military History of the Mediterranean Sea. 2018.
Dupuy, Trevor N. Harper Encyclopedia of Military History. HarperCollins. 1993. ISBN 978-0-06-270056-8.
Kuiper, Kathleen (编). The 100 Most Influential Painters & Sculptors of the Renaissance. Britannica Educational Publishing. 2009.
Luzio, Alessandro; Renier, Rodolfo. Francesco Gonzaga alla Battaglia di Fornovo (1495) Secondo I Documenti Mantovani. Archivio Storico Italiano Serie V (Casa Editrice Leo S. Olschki s.r.l.). 1890,. 6, No. 179: 205-246 （意大利语）.
Mallett, M. E.; Hale, J. R. The Military Organisation of a Renaissance State: Venice c. 1400 to 1617. Cambridge studies in early modern history. Cambridge University Press. 1984. ISBN 978-0-521-24842-6.
Mallett, Michael; Shaw, Christine. The Italian Wars 1494–1559. Modern Wars in Perspective. Harlow: Pearson. 2012. ISBN 978-0-582-05758-6.
Malipiero, Domenico. Annali veneti dall'anno 1457 al 1500. Firenze. 1843 （意大利语）.
Nicolle, David. Fornovo 1495: France's Bloody Fighting Retreat. Praeger illustrated military history series. Westport Connecticut: Osprey. 2005. ISBN 978-0-275-98850-0.
Nolan, Cathal. The Age Of Wars Of Religion, 1000–1650: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization A-K I. Westport Connecticut: Greenwood Press. 2006. ISBN 978-0-313-33733-8.
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Ritchie, Robert. Historical Atlas of The Renaissance. Thalamus Publishing. 2004. ISBN 978-0-8160-5731-3.
Santosuosso, Antonio. Anatomy of Defeat in Renaissance Italy: The Battle of Fornovo in 1495. The International History Review (Taylor & Francis, Ltd.). 1994,. 16, No. 2 (May): 221-250.
Setton, Kenneth M. The Papacy and the Levant (1204–1571), Volume II: The Fifteenth Century. Philadelphia: The American Philosophical Society. 1978. ISBN 0-87169-127-2 （英语）.
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Theotokis, Georgios; Yıldız, Aysel (编). A Military History of the Mediterranean Sea: Aspects of War, Diplomacy, and Military Elites. History of Warfare (118) e-book. Leiden/Boston: Brill. 2018. ISBN 978-90-04-36204-8.
Tucker, Spencer C. A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East I. ABC-CLIO. 2010 [2022-03-14]. ISBN 978-1-85109-672-5. （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）.

[FOOTNOTEMallettHale198456-1] Mallett & Hale 1984，第56頁.

[FOOTNOTETucker2010361-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Tucker 2010，第361頁.

[FOOTNOTENolan2006303-3] Nolan 2006，第303頁.

[FOOTNOTEMallettShaw201231-4] Mallett & Shaw 2012，第31頁.

[FOOTNOTEDupuy1993462-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Dupuy 1993，第462頁.

[FOOTNOTENolan2006304-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Nolan 2006，第304頁.

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@@ 第33行： / 第33行： @@
 *{{cite book |title=The 100 Most Influential Painters & Sculptors of the Renaissance  |editor-first=Kathleen |editor-last=Kuiper |publisher=Britannica Educational Publishing |year=2009  }}
 *{{cite journal |title=Francesco Gonzaga alla Battaglia di Fornovo (1495) Secondo I Documenti Mantovani |first1=Alessandro |last1=Luzio |first2=Rodolfo |last2=Renier |journal=Archivio Storico Italiano Serie V |volume=6, No. 179 |year=1890 |page=205-246 |publisher=Casa Editrice Leo S. Olschki s.r.l. |language=it }}
-*{{cite book |last1=Mallett |first1=M. E. |last2=Hale |first2=J. R. |series=Cambridge studies in early modern history |title=The Military Organisation of a Renaissance State: Venice c. 1400 to 1617 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1984 |isbn=978-0-521-24842-6}}
+*{{cite book |last1=Mallett |first1=M. E. |last2=Hale |first2=J. R. |series=Cambridge studies in early modern history |title=The Military Organisation of a Renaissance State: Venice c. 1400 to 1617 |url=https://archive.org/details/militaryorganiza0000mall |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1984 |isbn=978-0-521-24842-6}}
 *{{cite book |first1=Michael |last1=Mallett |first2=Christine |last2=Shaw |series=Modern Wars in Perspective |title=The Italian Wars 1494–1559 |url=https://archive.org/details/italianwars149410000mall |publisher=Pearson |location=Harlow |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-582-05758-6}}
 *{{cite book |first=Domenico |last=Malipiero |authorlink=Domenico Malipiero |title=Annali veneti dall'anno 1457 al 1500 |publisher=Firenze |year=1843 |language=it}}