歐仁·米歇爾·安東尼亞第

「安東尼亞第」重定向至此。关于其他用法，请见「安東尼亞第 (消歧义)」。

歐仁·米歇爾·安東尼亞第

歐仁·米歇爾·安東尼亞第（法語：Eugène Michel Antoniadi，1870年3月1日–1944年2月10日是一位希臘天文學家，出生在小亞細亞，但一生中大部分時間住在法國。他有時也被稱為Eugenios Antoniadis或者Eugène Michael Antoniadi，甚至是錯誤的Eugène Marie Antoniadi。

研究

Antoniadi became a highly reputed observer of Mars, and at first supported the notion of Martian canals, but after using the 83 centimeter telescope at Meudon Observatory during the 1909 opposition of Mars, he came to the conclusion that canals were an optical illusion. He also observed Venus and Mercury. He made the first attempts to draw a map of Mercury, but his maps were flawed by his incorrect assumption that Mercury had synchronous rotation with the Sun. The first standard nomenclature for Martian albedo features was introduced by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) when they adopted 128 names from the 1929 map of Antoniadi named La Planète Mars.

紀念

A crater on Mars and the crater Antoniadi on the Moon were named in his honor, as well as Antoniadi Dorsum on Mercury itself. He is also famed for creating the Antoniadi scale of seeing, which is commonly used by amateur astronomers.

其他

He was also a strong chess player. His best result was equal first with Frank Marshall in a tournament in Paris in 1907, a point ahead of Savielly Tartakower.

延伸閱讀

• Abetti, Giorgio. Antoniadi, Eugène M.. Dictionary of Scientific Biography 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons: 172. 1970. ISBN 0684101149. 
• McKim, Richard J. The Life and Times of E.M. Antoniadi, 1870-1944. Part I: An Astronomer in the Making. Journal of the British Astronomical Association. 1993, 103: 164–170. 
• McKim, Richard J. The Life and Times of E.M. Antoniadi, 1870-1944. Part II: The Meudon Years. Journal of the British Astronomical Association. 1993, 103: 219–227. 

外部連結

• Edward Winter, A Chessplaying Astronomer (2002)