核武器發展史：修订间差异

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2017年10月4日 (三) 02:19的版本

核武器發展史是指核武器的研發歷史。核武器是一種利用核反應的光熱輻射、衝擊波和感生放射性造成殺傷和破壞作用，造成大面積放射性污染，阻止對方軍事行動以達到戰略目的的大殺傷力武器。美國及加拿大與英國在1940年代進行曼哈頓計畫。1945年7月16日，美國進行了世界上第一次核爆炸實驗三位一體核試^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]。1945年8月6日，美國利用B-29超級空中堡壘轟炸機運載小男孩原子彈轟炸廣島。1945年8月9日，胖子原子彈被投放於長崎。

1951年5月，美國氫彈試驗在太平洋上的恩尼威托克島試驗場進行。試驗裝置放在60餘米的鋼架上，裝置以液態氘作為核融合原料，並有冷卻系統使氘處於極低溫。試驗證明爆炸威力大大超過原子彈。

參考

^ Ferenc Morton Szasz, The Day The Sun Rose Twice: The Story of the Trinity Site Nuclear Explosion July 16, 1945 (University of New Mexico Press, 1984). ISBN 978-0-8263-0768-2
^ The First Atomic Bomb Blast, 1945. Eyewitnesstohistory.com. [2010-02-28].
^ Chris Demarest. Atomic Bomb-Truman Press Release-August 6, 1945. Trumanlibrary.org. [2010-02-28].
^ Final Preparations for Rehearsals and Test | The Trinity Test | Historical Documents. atomicarchive.com. [2010-02-28].
^ TRINITY TEST - JULY 16, 1945. Radiochemistry.org. [2010-02-28].

連結

Timeline of atomic age events
Federation of American Scientists - Worldwide Nuclear Forces Guide
The Genesis of the Atomic Bomb -
Nuclear Weapons Archive - includes the nuclear weapon histories of many countries
NDRC Nuclear Notebook: Nuclear pursuits - "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists". Comparative table of the histories and arsenals of the five NPT-designated nuclear powers as of 1993.
NuclearFiles.org Timeline- from Atomic Discovery to the 2000s (decade)
NuclearFiles.org A comprehensive history of nuclear weapons, including Pre, During, and Post Cold War
Nevada Desert Experience Nevada Desert Experience
Western States Legal Foundation Western States Legal Foundation
Ariel E. Levite, "Heading for the Fourth Nuclear Age", Proliferation Papers, Paris, Ifri, Winter 2009
The National Museum of Nuclear Science & History (United States) - located in Albuquerque, New Mexico; a Smithsonian Affiliate Museum
Time-Lapse Map of All 2053 Nuclear Explosions on Planet Earth (7 Countries, 1945 - 1998) - Video (14:25).

[1] Ferenc Morton Szasz, The Day The Sun Rose Twice: The Story of the Trinity Site Nuclear Explosion July 16, 1945 (University of New Mexico Press, 1984). ISBN 978-0-8263-0768-2

[2] The First Atomic Bomb Blast, 1945. Eyewitnesstohistory.com. [2010-02-28].

[3] Chris Demarest. Atomic Bomb-Truman Press Release-August 6, 1945. Trumanlibrary.org. [2010-02-28].

[4] Final Preparations for Rehearsals and Test | The Trinity Test | Historical Documents. atomicarchive.com. [2010-02-28].

[5] TRINITY TEST - JULY 16, 1945. Radiochemistry.org. [2010-02-28].

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@@ 第23行： / 第23行： @@
 *[[Nevada Desert Experience]] [http://www.nevadadesertexperience.org Nevada Desert Experience]
 *[[Western States Legal Foundation]] [http://www.wslfweb.org Western States Legal Foundation]
-* Ariel E. Levite, [http://www.ifri.org/downloads/Levite_Fourth_Nuclear_Age.pdf "Heading for the Fourth Nuclear Age"], ''Proliferation Papers'', Paris, Ifri, Winter 2009
+* Ariel E. Levite, [https://web.archive.org/web/20111210073703/http://ifri.org/downloads/Levite_Fourth_Nuclear_Age.pdf "Heading for the Fourth Nuclear Age"], ''Proliferation Papers'', Paris, Ifri, Winter 2009
 *[http://www.nuclearmuseum.org/ The National Museum of Nuclear Science & History (United States)] - located in Albuquerque, New Mexico; a Smithsonian Affiliate Museum
 *[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLCF7vPanrY Time-Lapse Map of All 2053 Nuclear Explosions on Planet Earth (7 Countries, 1945 - 1998) - Video (14:25)].