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2018年颶風萊恩:修订间差异

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'''颶風萊恩'''({{lang-en|'''Hurricane Lane'''}},國際編號:'''EP142018'''),也譯作'''颶風雷恩''',是2018年東北太平洋第12個被命名的熱帶氣旋,也是第六個颶風和第四個主要颶風,並且是繼2015年[[颶風派翠莎]]的下一個太平洋五級颶風,也是自2006年[[颶風伊歐凱]]以來的下一個中太平洋颶風中心責任區內的五級颶風颶風萊恩是罕見影響夏威夷的熱帶氣旋之一<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ntdtv.com/xtr/b5/2018/08/24/a1388718.html|title=北太平洋「大風起」 颶風罕見襲夏威夷|author=|date=2018年8月23日|work=NTDTV|accessdate=2018年8月23日}}</ref>。
'''颶風萊恩'''({{lang-en|'''Hurricane Lane'''}},國際編號:'''EP142018'''),也譯作'''颶風雷恩''',是2018年東北太平洋第12個被命名的熱帶氣旋,也是第六個颶風和第四個主要颶風,並且是繼2015年[[颶風派翠莎]]的下一個太平洋五級颶風,也是自2006年[[颶風伊歐凱]]以來的下一個中太平洋颶風中心責任區內的五級颶風颶風萊恩是罕見影響夏威夷的熱帶氣旋之一<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ntdtv.com/xtr/b5/2018/08/24/a1388718.html|title=北太平洋「大風起」 颶風罕見襲夏威夷|author=|date=2018年8月23日|work=NTDTV|accessdate=2018年8月23日}}</ref>。


==氣象歷史==
==氣象歷史==
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萊恩第二天繼續增強,國家颶風中心在8月17日上午3時將此系統升格為[[萨菲尔-辛普森飓风等级|颶風]]<ref>{{cite report |last1=Stewart |first1=Stacy |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 9 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.public.009.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。接下來的幾天受北方[[副熱帶高壓]]影響而穩定向西北西移動<ref>{{cite report |last1=Cangialosi |first1=John |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 10 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.discus.010.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=19 August 2018}}</ref>,同時萊恩開始進入快速增強期<ref>{{cite report |last1=Roberts |first1=Dave |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 12 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.public.012.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>,此時萊恩的[[風眼]]變得清晰<ref>{{cite report |last1=Roberts |first1=Dave |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 12 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.discus.012.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。8月18日上午3時國家颶風中心將萊恩升格為主要颶風,成為當年在東北太平洋第四個主要颶風<ref>{{cite web |last1=Beven |first1=Jack |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 13 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.public.013.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>,並在六小時後增強至四級颶風<ref>{{cite web |last1=Avila |first1=Lixion |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 14 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.public.014.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。從衛星雲圖發現經過一個晚上後,萊恩的風眼變得更清晰<ref>{{cite report |last1=Avila |first1=Lixion |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 14 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.discus.014.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。六小時後,萊恩達到第一次巔峰,進中心一分鐘平均風速為每小時220公里<ref>{{cite report |last1=Stewart |first1=Stacy |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 15 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.public.015.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。在快速增強期間,風速增加每小時105公里,中心氣壓減少44[[帕斯卡|百帕]]<ref>{{cite report |last1=Stewart |first1=Stacy |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 9 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.discus.009.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite report |last1=Stewart |first1=Stacy |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 15 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.discus.015.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。之後國家颶風中心在通過[[西经140度线|西經140度]]前夕發出最後一報,交由[[中太平洋颶風中心]]發報<ref>{{cite report |last1=Brown |first1=Daniel |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 16 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.public.016.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。
萊恩第二天繼續增強,國家颶風中心在8月17日上午3時將此系統升格為[[萨菲尔-辛普森飓风等级|颶風]]<ref>{{cite report |last1=Stewart |first1=Stacy |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 9 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.public.009.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。接下來的幾天受北方[[副熱帶高壓]]影響而穩定向西北西移動<ref>{{cite report |last1=Cangialosi |first1=John |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 10 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.discus.010.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=19 August 2018}}</ref>,同時萊恩開始進入快速增強期<ref>{{cite report |last1=Roberts |first1=Dave |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 12 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.public.012.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>,此時萊恩的[[風眼]]變得清晰<ref>{{cite report |last1=Roberts |first1=Dave |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 12 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.discus.012.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。8月18日上午3時國家颶風中心將萊恩升格為主要颶風,成為當年在東北太平洋第四個主要颶風<ref>{{cite web |last1=Beven |first1=Jack |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 13 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.public.013.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>,並在六小時後增強至四級颶風<ref>{{cite web |last1=Avila |first1=Lixion |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 14 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.public.014.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。從衛星雲圖發現經過一個晚上後,萊恩的風眼變得更清晰<ref>{{cite report |last1=Avila |first1=Lixion |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 14 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.discus.014.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。六小時後,萊恩達到第一次巔峰,進中心一分鐘平均風速為每小時220公里<ref>{{cite report |last1=Stewart |first1=Stacy |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 15 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.public.015.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。在快速增強期間,風速增加每小時105公里,中心氣壓減少44[[帕斯卡|百帕]]<ref>{{cite report |last1=Stewart |first1=Stacy |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 9 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.discus.009.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite report |last1=Stewart |first1=Stacy |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 15 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.discus.015.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。之後國家颶風中心在通過[[西经140度线|西經140度]]前夕發出最後一報,交由[[中太平洋颶風中心]]發報<ref>{{cite report |last1=Brown |first1=Daniel |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 16 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2018/ep14/ep142018.public.016.shtml? |website=National Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=18 August 2018}}</ref>。


8月19日,中太平洋颶風中心開始發報<ref>{{cite report |last1=Powell |first1=Jeff |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 17 |url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/tcpages/archive/2018/TCPCP2.EP142018.017.201808190248 |website=Central Pacific Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=19 August 2018}}</ref>此時開始受到[[风切变|垂直風切]]的影響,六小時後減弱為三級颶風<ref>{{cite report |last1=Houston |first1=Sam |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 18 |url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/tcpages/archive/2018/TCDCP2.EP142018.018.201808190910 |website=Central Pacific Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=19 August 2018}}</ref>,之後的一天半的時間都維持每小時205公里的一分鐘平均風速。8月20日下午9時,萊恩重回四級颶風強度<ref>{{cite report |last1=Ballard|first1=Richard |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 24 |url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/tcpages/archive/2018/TCPCP2.EP142018.024.201808202049 |website=Central Pacific Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=20 August 2018}}</ref>。8月22日上午經飛機時測,將萊恩的強度調整至五級颶風,一分鐘平均風速為每小時260公里<ref>{{cite report |last1=Birchard|first1=Richard |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 30 |url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/tcpages/archive/2018/TCPCP2.EP142018.030.201808220444 |website=Central Pacific Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=21 August 2018}}</ref>。晚間減弱為四級颶風<ref>{{cite web |last1=Powell |first1=Jeff |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 32 |url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/tcpages/archive/2018/TCDCP2.EP142018.032.201808221513 |publisher=Central Pacific Hurricane Center |accessdate=August 23, 2018}}</ref>。
8月19日,中太平洋颶風中心開始發報<ref>{{cite report |last1=Powell |first1=Jeff |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 17 |url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/tcpages/archive/2018/TCPCP2.EP142018.017.201808190248 |website=Central Pacific Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=19 August 2018}}</ref>此時開始受到[[风切变|垂直風切]]的影響,六小時後減弱為三級颶風<ref>{{cite report |last1=Houston |first1=Sam |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 18 |url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/tcpages/archive/2018/TCDCP2.EP142018.018.201808190910 |website=Central Pacific Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=19 August 2018}}</ref>,之後的一天半的時間都維持每小時205公里的一分鐘平均風速。8月20日下午9時,萊恩重回四級颶風強度<ref>{{cite report |last1=Ballard|first1=Richard |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 24 |url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/tcpages/archive/2018/TCPCP2.EP142018.024.201808202049 |website=Central Pacific Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=20 August 2018}}</ref>。8月22日上午經飛機時測,將萊恩的強度調整至五級颶風,一分鐘平均風速為每小時260公里<ref>{{cite report |last1=Birchard|first1=Richard |title=Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 30 |url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/tcpages/archive/2018/TCPCP2.EP142018.030.201808220444 |website=Central Pacific Hurricane Center |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=21 August 2018}}</ref>。晚間減弱為四級颶風<ref>{{cite web |last1=Powell |first1=Jeff |title=Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 32 |url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/tcpages/archive/2018/TCDCP2.EP142018.032.201808221513 |publisher=Central Pacific Hurricane Center |accessdate=August 23, 2018}}</ref>。


==防災措施==
==防災措施==

2018年8月24日 (五) 07:07的版本


颶風萊恩3
目前風暴等級
3級 颶風1分鐘平均
衛星圖像
預測路徑圖
截至:2:00 p.m. HST August 23 (00:00 UTC August 24)
位置:17°30′N 157°48′W / 17.5°N 157.8°W / 17.5; -157.8 (颶風萊恩) ± 20 nm
夏威夷凱盧阿-科納西南約305公里
夏威夷檀香山以南約420公里
持續風速:105 kt (120 mph; 200 km/h)(1分鐘)
陣風達130 kt (150 mph; 245 km/h)
氣壓:953 mbar (hPa; 28.14 inHg)
動向:時速10公里向西北偏北移動
查看更多詳細資料

颶風萊恩(英語:Hurricane Lane,國際編號:EP142018),也譯作颶風雷恩,是2018年東北太平洋第12個被命名的熱帶氣旋,也是第六個颶風和第四個主要颶風,並且是繼2015年颶風派翠莎的下一個太平洋五級颶風,也是自2006年颶風伊歐凱以來的下一個中太平洋颶風中心責任區內的五級颶風。颶風萊恩是罕見影響夏威夷的熱帶氣旋之一[1]

氣象歷史

根據薩菲爾-辛普森颶風風力等級的強度繪製的風暴路徑圖
图例
  热带低气压(≤62 km/h)
  热带风暴(63–118 km/h)
  一级(119–153 km/h)
  二级(154–177 km/h)
  三级(178–208 km/h)
  四级(209–251 km/h)
  五级(≥252 km/h)
  未知

8月11日,國家颶風中心開始觀察墨西哥南方的熱帶擾動[2],在接下來的四天,此系統穩定向西移動,在8月14日晚上開始有明顯的發展[3]。8月15日上午3時,國家颶風中心將此系統升格為熱帶低氣壓,給予編號EP142018[4]。十二個小時後將此系統升格為熱帶風暴,給予名稱萊恩,此時國家颶風中心預計將增強至颶風強度[5]

萊恩第二天繼續增強,國家颶風中心在8月17日上午3時將此系統升格為颶風[6]。接下來的幾天受北方副熱帶高壓影響而穩定向西北西移動[7],同時萊恩開始進入快速增強期[8],此時萊恩的風眼變得清晰[9]。8月18日上午3時國家颶風中心將萊恩升格為主要颶風,成為當年在東北太平洋第四個主要颶風[10],並在六小時後增強至四級颶風[11]。從衛星雲圖發現經過一個晚上後,萊恩的風眼變得更清晰[12]。六小時後,萊恩達到第一次巔峰,進中心一分鐘平均風速為每小時220公里[13]。在快速增強期間,風速增加每小時105公里,中心氣壓減少44百帕[14][15]。之後國家颶風中心在通過西經140度前夕發出最後一報,交由中太平洋颶風中心發報[16]

8月19日,中太平洋颶風中心開始發報[17]。此時開始受到垂直風切的影響,六小時後減弱為三級颶風[18],之後的一天半的時間都維持每小時205公里的一分鐘平均風速。8月20日下午9時,萊恩重回四級颶風強度[19]。8月22日上午經飛機時測,將萊恩的強度調整至五級颶風,一分鐘平均風速為每小時260公里[20]。晚間減弱為四級颶風[21]

防災措施

8月21日下午3時,夏威夷州茂宜县夏威夷縣被列入颶風觀察警告的範圍[22]。8月22日上午3時,颶風觀察警告的範圍擴大到歐胡島,同時對夏威夷縣發出颶風警告[23]

夏威夷大学马诺阿分校的在校學生在8月22日啟動了緊急協議,儲備了兩週用的食物及水[24]茂宜县夏威夷縣的學校在22日停課,並且非必要了政府部門員工在8月23日至25日放假,8月21日到8月26日夏威夷航空航班免收機票更改費用[25],美國的海軍軍艦及空軍飛機皆在8月22日撤離[26]

參見

參考資料

  1. ^ 北太平洋「大風起」 颶風罕見襲夏威夷. NTDTV. 2018年8月23日 [2018年8月23日]. 
  2. ^ Berg, Robbie. NHC Graphical Outlook Archive. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [17 August 2018]. 
  3. ^ Roberts, Dave. NHC Graphical Outlook Archive. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [18 August 2018]. 
  4. ^ Stewart, Stacy. Tropical Depression Fourteen-E Advisory Number 1. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [18 August 2018]. 
  5. ^ Blake, Eric. Tropical Storm Lane Advisory Number 3. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [18 August 2018]. 
  6. ^ Stewart, Stacy. Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 9. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [18 August 2018]. 
  7. ^ Cangialosi, John. Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 10. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [19 August 2018]. 
  8. ^ Roberts, Dave. Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 12. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [18 August 2018]. 
  9. ^ Roberts, Dave. Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 12. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [18 August 2018]. 
  10. ^ Beven, Jack. Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 13. National Hurricane Center. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. [18 August 2018]. 
  11. ^ Avila, Lixion. Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 14. National Hurricane Center. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. [18 August 2018]. 
  12. ^ Avila, Lixion. Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 14. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [18 August 2018]. 
  13. ^ Stewart, Stacy. Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 15. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [18 August 2018]. 
  14. ^ Stewart, Stacy. Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 9. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [18 August 2018]. 
  15. ^ Stewart, Stacy. Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 15. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [18 August 2018]. 
  16. ^ Brown, Daniel. Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 16. National Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [18 August 2018]. 
  17. ^ Powell, Jeff. Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 17. Central Pacific Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [19 August 2018]. 
  18. ^ Houston, Sam. Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 18. Central Pacific Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [19 August 2018]. 
  19. ^ Ballard, Richard. Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 24. Central Pacific Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [20 August 2018]. 
  20. ^ Birchard, Richard. Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 30. Central Pacific Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [21 August 2018]. 
  21. ^ Powell, Jeff. Hurricane Lane Discussion Number 32. Central Pacific Hurricane Center. [August 23, 2018]. 
  22. ^ Birchard, Tom. Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 27. Central Pacific Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [21 August 2018]. 
  23. ^ Jacobson, Tom. Hurricane Lane Advisory Number 29. Central Pacific Hurricane Center (报告) (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). [21 August 2018]. 
  24. ^ Mattison, Sara. UH Manoa students stock up on food, water as Hurricane Lane approaches. KHON. August 22, 2018 [August 22, 2018] (美国英语). 
  25. ^ EndPlay. People grab ramen, water as hurricane moves toward Hawaii. KIRO. August 22, 2018 [August 22, 2018] (美国英语). 
  26. ^ Olson, Wyatt. Navy, Air Force evacuate vessels and aircraft from path of Hawaii-bound hurricane. Stars and Stripes. Defense Media Activity. [August 23, 2018]. 

外部連結