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剩女：修订间差异

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{{about|大龄单身女性的贬义称呼|大龄单身女性|大龄单身女性}}
{{about|大龄单身女性的贬义称呼|大龄单身女性|大龄单身女性}}
“剩女”是对[[大齡單身女性|大龄单身女性]]的贬义称呼。在[[中华全国妇女联合会|全国妇联]]的宣传下，“剩女”用来代指接近三十岁、或三十岁以上的未婚女性。<ref name="BBC">{{cite news|last=Magistad|first=Mary Kay|date=20 February 2013|title=BBC News - China's 'leftover women', unmarried at 27|work=[[BBC News]]|location=Beijing|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21320560|accessdate=29 March 2013}}</ref><ref name="DM">{{cite news|last=Simpson|first=Peter|date=21 February 2013|title=The 'leftover' women: China defines official age for females being left on the shelf as 27|work=[[Mail Online]]|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2282249/The-leftover-women-China-defines-official-age-females-left-shelf-27.html|accessdate=29 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Sebag-Montefiore|first=Clarissa|date=21 August 2012|title=Romance With Chinese Characteristics|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=http://latitude.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/21/romance-with-chinese-characteristics/?_r=0|accessdate=2013-12-24}}</ref>“剩女”一词主要在中国大陆被使用，但也在印度、北美、和亚洲其他地区被使用。<ref name="PULITZER2">{{cite news|last=Lee|first=Deborah Jian|author2=Sushima Subramanian|date=17 October 2011|title=China's Educated Women Can't Find Eligible Men|work=[[Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting]]|location=China|url=http://pulitzercenter.org/reporting/china-women-marriage-education-employment|accessdate=31 January 2019}}</ref><ref name="PD2">{{cite news|last=HuangJin|first=Chen Lidan|date=26 February 2013|script-title=zh:中国"剩女"现象引热议 国外网友称欲学中文来中国|work=[[People's Daily]]|language=zh|trans-title=China's 'leftover women' phenomenon arouses heated debate in West|url=http://www.zj.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/sociology/2013-02/23/c_114777483.htm|accessdate=23 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602215159/http://www.zj.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/sociology/2013-02/23/c_114777483.htm|archive-date=2 June 2013|url-status=dead}} – [http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90882/8144310.html English]</ref> 2007年，中国教育部发布的《中国语言生活状况报告（2006）》中，首次官方使用“剩女”一词，用以代指“已经过了社会一般所认为的适婚年龄，但是仍然未结婚的女性”。<ref>{{Cite web|title=百度百科-剩女 （网络用语）|url=https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%89%A9%E5%A5%B3/7352570|accessdate=2020-05-30|author=|date=|format=|publisher=|language=中文}}</ref>此后，主流媒体广泛使用“剩女”一词；“剩女”在电视、杂志、报纸、书籍中被广泛讨论，讨论聚焦于“剩女”一词的贬义含义和积极的重新定义。<ref name="UCDM">{{cite news|last1=Ng|first1=Valerie|last2=Nilsson|first2=Erik|date=12 February 2012|title=Much ado about shengnu|newspaper=[[The China Daily]]|url=http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2014-02/12/content_17279212.htm|accessdate=2014-04-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416220058/http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2014-02/12/content_17279212.htm|archive-date=16 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> 在2007年左右，支持中国政府的媒体早期支持使用“剩女”一词；但两年后，政府报纸对该词汇的使用进行了批评。<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21320560|title=The over-27s China calls 'leftover women'|last=Magistad|first=Mary Kay|date=2013-02-21|access-date=2019-10-02|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name="chinadaily.com.cn">{{Cite web|title=Why women choose to stay out of wedlock|url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2009-09/18/content_8707224.htm|website=www.chinadaily.com.cn|access-date=2019-10-02}}</ref>
“剩女”是对[[大齡單身女性|大龄单身女性]]的贬义称呼。在[[中华全国妇女联合会|全国妇联]]的宣传下，“剩女”用来代指接近三十岁、或三十岁以上的未婚女性。<ref name="BBC">{{cite news|last=Magistad|first=Mary Kay|date=20 February 2013|title=BBC News - China's 'leftover women', unmarried at 27|work=[[BBC News]]|location=Beijing|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21320560|accessdate=29 March 2013}}</ref><ref name="DM">{{cite news|last=Simpson|first=Peter|date=21 February 2013|title=The 'leftover' women: China defines official age for females being left on the shelf as 27|work=[[Mail Online]]|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2282249/The-leftover-women-China-defines-official-age-females-left-shelf-27.html|accessdate=29 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Sebag-Montefiore|first=Clarissa|date=21 August 2012|title=Romance With Chinese Characteristics|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=http://latitude.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/08/21/romance-with-chinese-characteristics/?_r=0|accessdate=2013-12-24}}</ref>“剩女”一词主要在中国大陆被使用，但也在印度、北美、和亚洲其他地区被使用。<ref name="PULITZER2">{{cite news|last=Lee|first=Deborah Jian|author2=Sushima Subramanian|date=17 October 2011|title=China's Educated Women Can't Find Eligible Men|work=[[Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting]]|location=China|url=http://pulitzercenter.org/reporting/china-women-marriage-education-employment|accessdate=31 January 2019}}</ref><ref name="PD2">{{cite news|last=HuangJin|first=Chen Lidan|date=26 February 2013|script-title=zh:中国"剩女"现象引热议 国外网友称欲学中文来中国|work=[[People's Daily]]|language=zh|trans-title=China's 'leftover women' phenomenon arouses heated debate in West|url=http://www.zj.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/sociology/2013-02/23/c_114777483.htm|accessdate=23 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602215159/http://www.zj.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/sociology/2013-02/23/c_114777483.htm|archive-date=2 June 2013|url-status=dead}} – [http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90882/8144310.html English]</ref> 2007年，中国教育部发布的《中国语言生活状况报告（2006）》中，首次官方使用“剩女”一词，用以代指“已经过了社会一般所认为的适婚年龄，但是仍然未结婚的女性”。<ref>{{Cite web|title=百度百科-剩女 （网络用语）|url=https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%89%A9%E5%A5%B3/7352570|accessdate=2020-05-30|author=|date=|format=|publisher=|language=中文}}</ref>此后，主流媒体广泛使用“剩女”一词；“剩女”在电视、杂志、报纸、书籍中被广泛讨论，讨论聚焦于“剩女”一词的贬义含义和积极的重新定义。<ref name="UCDM">{{cite news|last1=Ng|first1=Valerie|last2=Nilsson|first2=Erik|date=12 February 2012|title=Much ado about shengnu|newspaper=[[The China Daily]]|url=http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2014-02/12/content_17279212.htm|accessdate=2014-04-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416220058/http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2014-02/12/content_17279212.htm|archive-date=16 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> 在2007年左右，支持中国政府的媒体早期支持使用“剩女”一词；但两年后，政府报纸对该词汇的使用进行了批评。<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21320560|title=The over-27s China calls 'leftover women'|last=Magistad|first=Mary Kay|date=2013-02-21|access-date=2019-10-02|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name="chinadaily.com.cn">{{Cite web|title=Why women choose to stay out of wedlock|url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2009-09/18/content_8707224.htm|website=www.chinadaily.com.cn|access-date=2019-10-02}}</ref>

"剩女"的平行词汇为“[[光棍]]”，用以代指未婚男性，因为男性不结婚便无法为家族谱系增加“树枝”。<ref>{{cite news|title=Asian demography: The flight from marriage|date=20 August 2011|work=[[The Economist]]|location=Seoul and Taipei|url=http://www.economist.com/node/21526329|accessdate=18 April 2013}}</ref> 虽然“剩男”也有使用，但学者指出，“剩男”的使用没有“剩女”普遍，且达到一定年龄的单身男性常被成为“黄金单身汉”或“钻石王老五”。<ref name="TNYT2">{{cite news|last=Schott|first=Ben|date=15 March 2010|title=Leftover Ladies & 3S Women|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=http://schott.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/03/15/leftover-ladies-3s-women/|accessdate=29 March 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2010-04/24/content_9770152.htm|title=The Dating game by Jiangsu TV|newspaper=[[China Daily]]|date=2010-04-24|author=Lin Qi|accessdate=2017-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lintellettualedissidente.it/filosofia/amore-appuntamenti-cina/|title=Amore con appuntamento: delirio occidentale a Chinatown|newspaper=L'Intellettuale Dissidente|author=di Francesco Pietrobelli|date=20 June 2017|language=it|accessdate=2017-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Marriage Squeeze, Never-Married Proportion, and Mean Age at First Marriage in China|last=Jiang|first=Quanbao|last2=Feldman|first2=Marcus W.|date=2014|journal=Population Research and Policy Review|issue=2|doi=10.1007/s11113-013-9283-8|volume=33|pages=189–204|issn=0167-5923|jstor=43671595|pmc=3948615|pmid=24634556|last3=Li|first3=Shuzhuo}}</ref>


== 背景 ==
== 背景 ==

2020年5月30日 (六) 15:46的版本

此條目介紹的是大龄单身女性的贬义称呼。关于大龄单身女性，请见「大龄单身女性」。

“剩女”是对大龄单身女性的贬义称呼。在全国妇联的宣传下，“剩女”用来代指接近三十岁、或三十岁以上的未婚女性。[1][2][3]“剩女”一词主要在中国大陆被使用，但也在印度、北美、和亚洲其他地区被使用。[4][5] 2007年，中国教育部发布的《中国语言生活状况报告（2006）》中，首次官方使用“剩女”一词，用以代指“已经过了社会一般所认为的适婚年龄，但是仍然未结婚的女性”。[6]此后，主流媒体广泛使用“剩女”一词；“剩女”在电视、杂志、报纸、书籍中被广泛讨论，讨论聚焦于“剩女”一词的贬义含义和积极的重新定义。[7] 在2007年左右，支持中国政府的媒体早期支持使用“剩女”一词；但两年后，政府报纸对该词汇的使用进行了批评。[8][9]

"剩女"的平行词汇为“光棍”，用以代指未婚男性，因为男性不结婚便无法为家族谱系增加“树枝”。[10] 虽然“剩男”也有使用，但学者指出，“剩男”的使用没有“剩女”普遍，且达到一定年龄的单身男性常被成为“黄金单身汉”或“钻石王老五”。[11][12][13][14]

背景


在中国大陆的使用


剩女运动


在其他国家的使用


参见条目


参考资料

  1. ^ Magistad, Mary Kay. BBC News - China's 'leftover women', unmarried at 27. BBC News (Beijing). 20 February 2013 [29 March 2013]. 
  2. ^ Simpson, Peter. The 'leftover' women: China defines official age for females being left on the shelf as 27. Mail Online. 21 February 2013 [29 March 2013]. 
  3. ^ Sebag-Montefiore, Clarissa. Romance With Chinese Characteristics. The New York Times. 21 August 2012 [2013-12-24]. 
  4. ^ Lee, Deborah Jian; Sushima Subramanian. China's Educated Women Can't Find Eligible Men. Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting (China). 17 October 2011 [31 January 2019]. 
  5. ^ HuangJin, Chen Lidan. 中国"剩女"现象引热议 国外网友称欲学中文来中国 [China's 'leftover women' phenomenon arouses heated debate in West]. People's Daily. 26 February 2013 [23 April 2013]. （原始内容存档于2 June 2013） （中文）.  – English
  6. ^ 百度百科-剩女 （网络用语）. [2020-05-30] （中文）. 
  7. ^ Ng, Valerie; Nilsson, Erik. Much ado about shengnu. The China Daily. 12 February 2012 [2014-04-16]. （原始内容存档于16 April 2014）. 
  8. ^ Magistad, Mary Kay. The over-27s China calls 'leftover women'. 2013-02-21 [2019-10-02] （英国英语）. 
  9. ^ Why women choose to stay out of wedlock. www.chinadaily.com.cn. [2019-10-02]. 
  10. ^ Asian demography: The flight from marriage. The Economist (Seoul and Taipei). 20 August 2011 [18 April 2013]. 
  11. ^ Schott, Ben. Leftover Ladies & 3S Women. The New York Times. 15 March 2010 [29 March 2013]. 
  12. ^ Lin Qi. The Dating game by Jiangsu TV. China Daily. 2010-04-24 [2017-07-10]. 
  13. ^ di Francesco Pietrobelli. Amore con appuntamento: delirio occidentale a Chinatown. L'Intellettuale Dissidente. 20 June 2017 [2017-07-10] （意大利语）. 
  14. ^ Jiang, Quanbao; Feldman, Marcus W.; Li, Shuzhuo. Marriage Squeeze, Never-Married Proportion, and Mean Age at First Marriage in China. Population Research and Policy Review. 2014, 33 (2): 189–204. ISSN 0167-5923. JSTOR 43671595. PMC 3948615 可免费查阅. PMID 24634556. doi:10.1007/s11113-013-9283-8. 
检索自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/zhwiki/w/index.php?title=剩女&oldid=59884113”