鈽的同位素：修订间差异
删除的内容 添加的内容
小 bot: 清理跨語言連結{{核素|鈽|238}}成為內部連結:編輯摘要的red link經繁簡轉換後存在 |
无编辑摘要 |
||
| 第252行： | 第252行： | ||
| rowspan=2|2.411(3)×10<sup>4</sup> y |
| rowspan=2|2.411(3)×10<sup>4</sup> y |
||
| {{衰變|α}} |
| {{衰變|α}} |
||
| '''''<sup>235</sup>U''''' |
| '''''[[鈾-235|<sup>235</sup>U]]''''' |
||
| rowspan=2|1/2+ |
| rowspan=2|1/2+ |
||
| rowspan=2| |
| rowspan=2| |
||
2021年4月7日 (三) 08:48的版本
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
圖表
| 符號 | Z（ p ） |
N（ n ） |
同位素質量（u） | 半衰期 | 衰變 方式[2][n 1] |
衰變 產物[n 2] |
原子核 自旋 |
相對豐度 （莫耳分率） |
相對豐度 （莫耳分率） |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 激發能量 | |||||||||
| 228Pu | 94 | 134 | 228.03874(3) | 1.1(+20−5) s | α (99.9%) | 224U | 0+ | ||
| β+ (.1%) | 228Np | ||||||||
| 229Pu | 94 | 135 | 229.04015(6) | 120(50) s | α | 225U | 3/2+# | ||
| 230Pu | 94 | 136 | 230.039650(16) | 1.70(17) min | α | 226U | 0+ | ||
| β+ （不常見） | 230Np | ||||||||
| 231Pu | 94 | 137 | 231.041101(28) | 8.6(5) min | β+ | 231Np | 3/2+# | ||
| α （不常見） | 227U | ||||||||
| 232Pu | 94 | 138 | 232.041187(19) | 33.7(5) min | ε (89%) | 232Np | 0+ | ||
| α (11%) | 228U | ||||||||
| 233Pu | 94 | 139 | 233.04300(5) | 20.9(4) min | β+ (99.88%) | 233Np | 5/2+# | ||
| α (.12%) | 229U | ||||||||
| 234Pu | 94 | 140 | 234.043317(7) | 8.8(1) h | ε (94%) | 234Np | 0+ | ||
| α (6%) | 230U | ||||||||
| 235Pu | 94 | 141 | 235.045286(22) | 25.3(5) min | β+ (99.99%) | 235Np | (5/2+) | ||
| α (.0027%) | 231U | ||||||||
| 236Pu | 94 | 142 | 236.0460580(24) | 2.858(8) y | α | 232U | 0+ | ||
| SF (1.37×10−7%) | (various) | ||||||||
| CD (2×10−12%) | 208Pb 28Mg | ||||||||
| β+β+ （不常見） | 236U | ||||||||
| 237Pu | 94 | 143 | 237.0484097(24) | 45.2(1) d | ε | 237Np | 7/2− | ||
| α (.0042%) | 233U | ||||||||
| 237m1Pu | 145.544(10)2 keV | 180(20) ms | IT | 237Pu | 1/2+ | ||||
| 237m2Pu | 2900(250) keV | 1.1(1) µs | |||||||
| 238 Pu |
94 | 144 | 238.0495599(20) | 87.7(1) y | α | 234U | 0+ | ||
| SF (1.9×10−7%) | (various) | ||||||||
| CD (1.4×10−14%) | 206Hg 32Si | ||||||||
| CD (6×10−15%) | 180Yb 30Mg 28Mg | ||||||||
| 239 Pu [n 3][n 4] |
94 | 145 | 239.0521634(20) | 2.411(3)×104 y | α | 235U | 1/2+ | ||
| SF (3.1×10−10%) | (various) | ||||||||
| 239m1Pu | 391.584(3) keV | 193(4) ns | 7/2− | ||||||
| 239m2Pu | 3100(200) keV | 7.5(10) µs | (5/2+) | ||||||
| 240 Pu |
94 | 146 | 240.0538135(20) | 6,561(7) y | α | 236U | 0+ | ||
| SF (5.7×10−6%) | (various) | ||||||||
| CD (1.3×10−13%) | 206Hg 34Si | ||||||||
| 241 Pu [n 3] |
94 | 147 | 241.0568515(20) | 14.290(6) y | β− (99.99%) | 241Am | 5/2+ | ||
| α (.00245%) | 237U | ||||||||
| SF (2.4×10−14%) | (various) | ||||||||
| 241m1Pu | 161.6(1) keV | 0.88(5) µs | 1/2+ | ||||||
| 241m2Pu | 2200(200) keV | 21(3) µs | |||||||
| 242 Pu |
94 | 148 | 242.0587426(20) | 3.75(2)×105 y | α | 238U | 0+ | ||
| SF (5.5×10−4%) | (various) | ||||||||
| 243Pu[n 3] | 94 | 149 | 243.062003(3) | 4.956(3) h | β− | 243Am | 7/2+ | ||
| 243mPu | 383.6(4) keV | 330(30) ns | (1/2+) | ||||||
| 244 Pu [n 5] |
94 | 150 | 244.064204(5) | 8.00(9)×107 y | α (99.88%) | 240U | 0+ | Trace | |
| SF (.123%) | (various) | ||||||||
| β−β− (7.3×10−9%) | 244Cm | ||||||||
| 245Pu | 94 | 151 | 245.067747(15) | 10.5(1) h | β− | 245Am | (9/2−) | ||
| 246Pu | 94 | 152 | 246.070205(16) | 10.84(2) d | β− | 246mAm | 0+ | ||
| 247Pu | 94 | 153 | 247.07407(32)# | 2.27(23) d | β− | 247Am | 1/2+# | ||
備註:畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的證明，只是理論推測而已，而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。
| ← | 同位素列表 | → |
| 錼的同位素 | 鈽的同位素 | 鋂的同位素 |
註釋
- ^ Abbreviations:
CD: Cluster decay
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
SF: Spontaneous fission - ^ Bold for stable isotopes
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 fissile nuclide
- ^ Most useful isotope for nuclear weapons
- ^ Primordial radionuclide
参考文獻
- ^ Magurno, B. A.; Pearlstein, S. (编). Proceedings of the conference on nuclear data evaluation methods and procedures. BNL-NCS 51363. (PDF) II. Upton: Brookhaven National Laboratory. 1981: pp. 835 ff. [August 6, 2014].
- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart
. nucleonica. [2015-11-03]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.