火箭实验室1号发射复合体:修订间差异
补救11个来源,并将0个来源标记为失效。) #IABot (v2.0.8.6 |
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| location = [[新西兰]]瑪希亞半島 |
| location = [[新西兰]]瑪希亞半島 |
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| coordinates = {{coord|39.261500|S|177.864876|E|display=inline,title|dim:500_region:NZ-HKB_type:landmark}}<ref name="payload-guide">{{cite book|url=https://www.rocketlabusa.com/assets/Uploads/Rocket-Lab-Payload-Users-Guide-6.2.pdf|title=Payload User's Guide|publisher=Rocket Lab|version=6.2|page=42|date=August 2018}}</ref> |
| coordinates = {{coord|39.261500|S|177.864876|E|display=inline,title|dim:500_region:NZ-HKB_type:landmark}}<ref name="payload-guide">{{cite book|url=https://www.rocketlabusa.com/assets/Uploads/Rocket-Lab-Payload-Users-Guide-6.2.pdf|title=Payload User's Guide|publisher=Rocket Lab|version=6.2|page=42|date=August 2018|access-date=2020-11-22|archive-date=2019-03-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328070046/https://www.rocketlabusa.com/assets/Uploads/Rocket-Lab-Payload-Users-Guide-6.2.pdf|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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| time_zone = [[Time in New Zealand|NZST]] |
| time_zone = [[Time in New Zealand|NZST]] |
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| utc_offset = +12 |
| utc_offset = +12 |
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| status = 使用中 |
| status = 使用中 |
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| launches = 14 |
| launches = 14 |
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| first_launch = 2017年5月25日<ref name="sfnow20170525">{{cite news|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2017/05/25/maiden-flight-of-rocket-labs-small-satellite-launcher-reaches-space/|title=Maiden flight of Rocket Lab's small satellite launcher reaches space|work=Spaceflight Now|first=Stephen|last=Clark|date=25 May 2017|access-date=25 May 2017}}</ref> |
| first_launch = 2017年5月25日<ref name="sfnow20170525">{{cite news|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2017/05/25/maiden-flight-of-rocket-labs-small-satellite-launcher-reaches-space/|title=Maiden flight of Rocket Lab's small satellite launcher reaches space|work=Spaceflight Now|first=Stephen|last=Clark|date=25 May 2017|access-date=25 May 2017|archive-date=2020-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205094650/https://spaceflightnow.com/2017/05/25/maiden-flight-of-rocket-labs-small-satellite-launcher-reaches-space/|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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| last_launch = 2020年10月28日 |
| last_launch = 2020年10月28日 |
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| rockets = [[电子号运载火箭]] |
| rockets = [[电子号运载火箭]] |
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'''火箭实验室1号发射复合体'''({{lang-en|Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1}},也称作Mahia Launch Complex或Spaceport)是一个商业[[航天发射中心]],位于[[新西兰]][[北島_(紐西蘭)|北島]]东海岸的[[瑪希亞半島]]。由私人航天公司[[火箭实验室]]拥有和运营,以支持该公司的电子号火箭的发射。该设施于2016年9月26日正式开业,2017年5月25日首次尝试发射电子号火箭,成为第一个进行轨道发射尝试的私人航天中心,也是新西兰首次进行轨道发射尝试的场所。<ref>{{Cite news |
'''火箭实验室1号发射复合体'''({{lang-en|Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1}},也称作Mahia Launch Complex或Spaceport)是一个商业[[航天发射中心]],位于[[新西兰]][[北島_(紐西蘭)|北島]]东海岸的[[瑪希亞半島]]。由私人航天公司[[火箭实验室]]拥有和运营,以支持该公司的电子号火箭的发射。该设施于2016年9月26日正式开业,2017年5月25日首次尝试发射电子号火箭,成为第一个进行轨道发射尝试的私人航天中心,也是新西兰首次进行轨道发射尝试的场所。<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-39971843|title = Rocket mission soars from New Zealand|work = BBC News|date = 25 May 2017|accessdate = 2020-11-22|archive-date = 2021-03-29|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210329164845/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-39971843|dead-url = no}}</ref>2018年1月21日,电子号火箭正式发射升空,成为历史上第一个成功进行轨道发射的私人航天发射中心。 |
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== 位置 == |
== 位置 == |
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== 场地详情 == |
== 场地详情 == |
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目前太空港有一个50吨(49长吨,55短吨)的发射平台和发射塔,以及电子号火箭的机库和储存液氧、煤油的存储设施。<ref name="latimes20160926">{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-rocket-lab-20160926-snap-story.html |title=Rocket Lab finishes launch complex in New Zealand |work=Los Angeles Times |first=Samantha |last=Masunaga |date=26 September 2016 |accessdate=26 September 2016}}</ref>从2017年5月开始的发射测试阶段<ref name="sfnow20170525" /><ref name="roclab20161213">{{cite web |url=http://rocketlab.co.nz/latest/rocket-lab-completes-final-major-technical-milestone-before-first-test-launches/ |title=Rocket Lab Completes Major Technical Milestone Ahead of Test Launches |publisher=Rocket Lab |date=13 December 2016 |accessdate=13 December 2016}}</ref>,禁区为发射台半径8公里(5英里),在商业化运营后,禁区可能进一步缩小。 |
目前太空港有一个50吨(49长吨,55短吨)的发射平台和发射塔,以及电子号火箭的机库和储存液氧、煤油的存储设施。<ref name="latimes20160926">{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-rocket-lab-20160926-snap-story.html |title=Rocket Lab finishes launch complex in New Zealand |work=Los Angeles Times |first=Samantha |last=Masunaga |date=26 September 2016 |accessdate=26 September 2016 |archive-date=2020-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108115610/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-rocket-lab-20160926-snap-story.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>从2017年5月开始的发射测试阶段<ref name="sfnow20170525" /><ref name="roclab20161213">{{cite web |url=http://rocketlab.co.nz/latest/rocket-lab-completes-final-major-technical-milestone-before-first-test-launches/ |title=Rocket Lab Completes Major Technical Milestone Ahead of Test Launches |publisher=Rocket Lab |date=13 December 2016 |accessdate=13 December 2016 |archive-date=2016-12-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220122610/http://rocketlab.co.nz/latest/rocket-lab-completes-final-major-technical-milestone-before-first-test-launches/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>,禁区为发射台半径8公里(5英里),在商业化运营后,禁区可能进一步缩小。 |
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== 历史 == |
== 历史 == |
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=== Pad A === |
=== Pad A === |
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火箭实验室于2017年5月25日在Pad A进行首次试飞,代号“It's a Test”。<ref name="sfnow20170525" /><ref name="techcrh20170514">{{cite news |url=https://techcrunch.com/2017/05/14/rocket-labs-test-launch-window-for-its-private-orbital-complex-begins-may-21/ |title=Rocket Lab's test launch window for its private orbital complex begins May 21 |work=TechCrunch |first=Darrell |last=Etherington |date=14 May 2017 |accessdate=26 May 2017}}</ref>火箭未能达到预期的300~500公里的太阳同步轨道,只达到了约250公里。<ref name="latimes20170525">{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-rocket-lab-test-20170524-story.html |title=Rocket Lab's Electron rocket reaches space, but not orbit, in first test flight |work=Los Angeles Times |first=Samantha |last=Masunaga |date=25 May 2017 |accessdate=26 May 2017}}</ref> |
火箭实验室于2017年5月25日在Pad A进行首次试飞,代号“It's a Test”。<ref name="sfnow20170525" /><ref name="techcrh20170514">{{cite news |url=https://techcrunch.com/2017/05/14/rocket-labs-test-launch-window-for-its-private-orbital-complex-begins-may-21/ |title=Rocket Lab's test launch window for its private orbital complex begins May 21 |work=TechCrunch |first=Darrell |last=Etherington |date=14 May 2017 |accessdate=26 May 2017 |archive-date=2020-11-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124131905/https://techcrunch.com/2017/05/14/rocket-labs-test-launch-window-for-its-private-orbital-complex-begins-may-21/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>火箭未能达到预期的300~500公里的太阳同步轨道,只达到了约250公里。<ref name="latimes20170525">{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-rocket-lab-test-20170524-story.html |title=Rocket Lab's Electron rocket reaches space, but not orbit, in first test flight |work=Los Angeles Times |first=Samantha |last=Masunaga |date=25 May 2017 |accessdate=26 May 2017 |archive-date=2021-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126180846/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-rocket-lab-test-20170524-story.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> |
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第二次发射于2018年1月21日进行,成功进入轨道。<ref name="nzh20180121">{{cite news |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=11979201 |title=Blast off! Rocket Lab successfully reaches orbit |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |last=Ryan |first=Holly |date=21 January 2018 |access-date=21 January 2018}}</ref><ref name="sfnow20180121">{{cite news |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2018/01/21/rocket-lab-delivers-nanosatellites-to-orbit-on-first-successful-test-launch/ |title=Rocket Lab delivers nanosatellites to orbit on first successful test launch |work=Spaceflight Now |first=Stephen |last=Clark |date=21 January 2018 |accessdate=21 January 2018}}</ref> |
第二次发射于2018年1月21日进行,成功进入轨道。<ref name="nzh20180121">{{cite news |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=11979201 |title=Blast off! Rocket Lab successfully reaches orbit |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |last=Ryan |first=Holly |date=21 January 2018 |access-date=21 January 2018 |archive-date=2018-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180121032742/http://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=11979201 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="sfnow20180121">{{cite news |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2018/01/21/rocket-lab-delivers-nanosatellites-to-orbit-on-first-successful-test-launch/ |title=Rocket Lab delivers nanosatellites to orbit on first successful test launch |work=Spaceflight Now |first=Stephen |last=Clark |date=21 January 2018 |accessdate=21 January 2018 |archive-date=2021-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210402220908/https://spaceflightnow.com/2018/01/21/rocket-lab-delivers-nanosatellites-to-orbit-on-first-successful-test-launch/ |dead-url=no }}</ref> |
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=== Pad B === |
=== Pad B === |
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2019年12月19日,火箭实验室宣布已经开始建造第二个发射台LC-1B,以满足发射速度提升的需求。.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Foust|first=Jeff|date=2019-12-18|title=Rocket Lab to build second launch pad in New Zealand|url=https://spacenews.com/rocket-lab-to-build-second-launch-pad-in-new-zealand/|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-07-11|website=SpaceNews|language=en-US}}</ref>预计在2020年底完成。<ref>{{Cite web|last=Atkinson|first=Ian|date=2020-04-29|title=Rocket Lab rolls out first Electron at LC-2 ahead of Q3 2020 launch|url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2020/04/rocket-lab-first-electron-lc-2-q3-2020-launch/|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-07-11|website=NASASpaceFlight.com|language=en-US}}</ref> |
2019年12月19日,火箭实验室宣布已经开始建造第二个发射台LC-1B,以满足发射速度提升的需求。.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Foust|first=Jeff|date=2019-12-18|title=Rocket Lab to build second launch pad in New Zealand|url=https://spacenews.com/rocket-lab-to-build-second-launch-pad-in-new-zealand/|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-07-11|website=SpaceNews|language=en-US}}</ref>预计在2020年底完成。<ref>{{Cite web|last=Atkinson|first=Ian|date=2020-04-29|title=Rocket Lab rolls out first Electron at LC-2 ahead of Q3 2020 launch|url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2020/04/rocket-lab-first-electron-lc-2-q3-2020-launch/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117113118/https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2020/04/rocket-lab-first-electron-lc-2-q3-2020-launch/|archive-date=2021-01-17|access-date=2020-07-11|website=NASASpaceFlight.com|language=en-US|dead-url=no}}</ref> |
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== 注释 == |
== 注释 == |
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== 外部链接 == |
== 外部链接 == |
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* [https://rocketlabusa.com/ 火箭实验室官方网站] |
* [https://rocketlabusa.com/ 火箭实验室官方网站] {{Wayback|url=https://rocketlabusa.com/ |date=20210417145531 }} |
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[[Category:航天中心]] |
[[Category:航天中心]] |
2022年1月12日 (三) 11:15的版本
地点 | 新西兰瑪希亞半島 |
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坐标 | 39°15′41″S 177°51′54″E / 39.261500°S 177.864876°E[1] |
时区 | UTC+12 (NZST) |
• 夏时制 | UTC+13 (NZDT[a]) |
所属 | 火箭实验室 |
发射台数 | 1个(另有1个建设中) |
LC-1A发射历史 | |
状态 | 使用中 |
发射 | 14 |
首次发射 | 2017年5月25日[2] |
末次发射 | 2020年10月28日 |
相关火箭 | 电子号运载火箭 |
LC-1B发射历史 | |
状态 | 正在建设中[3] |
发射 | 0 |
相关火箭 | 电子号运载火箭 |
火箭实验室1号发射复合体(英語:Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1,也称作Mahia Launch Complex或Spaceport)是一个商业航天发射中心,位于新西兰北島东海岸的瑪希亞半島。由私人航天公司火箭实验室拥有和运营,以支持该公司的电子号火箭的发射。该设施于2016年9月26日正式开业,2017年5月25日首次尝试发射电子号火箭,成为第一个进行轨道发射尝试的私人航天中心,也是新西兰首次进行轨道发射尝试的场所。[4]2018年1月21日,电子号火箭正式发射升空,成为历史上第一个成功进行轨道发射的私人航天发射中心。
位置
太空港位于新西兰瑪希亞半島南端的一处位置,该半岛属于北岛东海岸的霍克湾大区。发射场地是一个三面被悬崖围绕的高地,海拔104米(341英尺),仅有北面有一条道路与半岛连接起来,最近的小镇在发射场西北部50公里(31英里)处。
场地详情
目前太空港有一个50吨(49长吨,55短吨)的发射平台和发射塔,以及电子号火箭的机库和储存液氧、煤油的存储设施。[5]从2017年5月开始的发射测试阶段[2][6],禁区为发射台半径8公里(5英里),在商业化运营后,禁区可能进一步缩小。
历史
火箭实验室于2015年7月1日宣布,选择新西兰南岛坎特伯雷附近一处位置作为火箭发射场,但由于开发申请许可的延误,最终选择了北岛的瑪希亞半島。此外,瑪希亞半島基地发射许可为30年,最多每72小时发射一次,而南岛的许可为最多每月发射一次。
Pad A
火箭实验室于2017年5月25日在Pad A进行首次试飞,代号“It's a Test”。[2][7]火箭未能达到预期的300~500公里的太阳同步轨道,只达到了约250公里。[8]
第二次发射于2018年1月21日进行,成功进入轨道。[9][10]
Pad B
2019年12月19日,火箭实验室宣布已经开始建造第二个发射台LC-1B,以满足发射速度提升的需求。.[11]预计在2020年底完成。[12]
注释
- ^ Summer time is active from the last Sunday in September until the first Sunday in April.
参考来源
- ^ Payload User's Guide (PDF). 6.2. Rocket Lab. August 2018: 42 [2020-11-22]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-03-28).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Clark, Stephen. Maiden flight of Rocket Lab's small satellite launcher reaches space. Spaceflight Now. 25 May 2017 [25 May 2017]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-05).
- ^ Foust, Jeff. Rocket Lab to build second launch pad in New Zealand. SpaceNews. [1 April 2020].
- ^ Rocket mission soars from New Zealand. BBC News. 25 May 2017 [2020-11-22]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-29).
- ^ Masunaga, Samantha. Rocket Lab finishes launch complex in New Zealand. Los Angeles Times. 26 September 2016 [26 September 2016]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-08).
- ^ Rocket Lab Completes Major Technical Milestone Ahead of Test Launches. Rocket Lab. 13 December 2016 [13 December 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-12-20).
- ^ Etherington, Darrell. Rocket Lab's test launch window for its private orbital complex begins May 21. TechCrunch. 14 May 2017 [26 May 2017]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-24).
- ^ Masunaga, Samantha. Rocket Lab's Electron rocket reaches space, but not orbit, in first test flight. Los Angeles Times. 25 May 2017 [26 May 2017]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-26).
- ^ Ryan, Holly. Blast off! Rocket Lab successfully reaches orbit. The New Zealand Herald. 21 January 2018 [21 January 2018]. (原始内容存档于2018-01-21).
- ^ Clark, Stephen. Rocket Lab delivers nanosatellites to orbit on first successful test launch. Spaceflight Now. 21 January 2018 [21 January 2018]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-02).
- ^ Foust, Jeff. Rocket Lab to build second launch pad in New Zealand. SpaceNews. 2019-12-18 [2020-07-11] (美国英语).
- ^ Atkinson, Ian. Rocket Lab rolls out first Electron at LC-2 ahead of Q3 2020 launch. NASASpaceFlight.com. 2020-04-29 [2020-07-11]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-17) (美国英语).