约翰·肯尼迪国际机场六号航站楼：修订间差异

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2024年3月10日 (日) 22:33的最新版本

Sundrome，即后来的环航国内线航站楼和六号航站楼，是约翰·肯尼迪国际机场的一座航站楼。该建筑由贝聿铭合伙公司（今贝聿铭·科布·弗里德合伙公司）设计。1969年启用，原为国家航空之专用航站楼。環球航空（国内航班）、泛美世界航空、联合航空公司（经营往返旧金山和洛杉矶之跨大陆航班）、ATA航空、泛美航空（1996-1998年）、嘉年华航空、先锋航空和美西航空等航司亦曾使用该航站楼。捷蓝航空自1998年开航后即以此为运营基地。在该航司于2008年10月22日移师五号航站楼后，T6旋即被弃用，最终于2011年清拆。

设计

贝聿铭在设计该航站楼时采用了全玻璃中梃，为前所未闻^[1]。

历史

在建造Sundrome之前，国家航空公司在T7和T6的最终定址之间以一个彩钢板小屋作为航站楼，从1948年开始，当时该航司首航艾德怀尔德机场的消息为世人所知。由此国家航空委托建造Sundrome，项目于1969年11月30日开放^[2]。国家航空在1980年被泛美航空吞并前一直在此营运。

環球航空随后入主此地，并将该航站楼易名“环航子航站”，后又更名为环航国内线航站楼，最后更名为六号航站楼^[3]。最终该航站楼通过一条滑坡胶合板人行道连接到环航飞行中心（后称环航国际航站楼，其后改称五号航站楼；现部分结构改建为TWA飯店^[4]）。该人行道后被航站楼辅路截断^[5]。后来，在环球航空削减航班量后，该航站楼先后被聯合航空、ATA航空、泛美航空（1996年-1998年）、嘉年华航空、先锋航空和美西航空使用。2001年，联航计划将该航站楼和环航飞行中心改建为该航司的新运营基地^[6]。

2010年4月29日，紐約與新澤西港務局宣布将拆除T6，以便捷蓝航空扩建T5^[7]。尽管保护主义者竭尽全力以保留航站楼^[8]，但拆除工作仍按期于2011年10月结束^[9]^[10]。遗址随后被用于扩建T5，并新建了国际线设施^[11]。

参考文献

^ Galef, Julia. I.M. Pei's JFK in Terminal Trouble. The Architect's Newspaper. June 16, 2010 [2010-06-16]. （原始内容存档于June 19, 2010）.
^ Fowle, Farnsworth. Superjet Terminal Will Open. The New York Times. 1969-11-29 [2020-07-01]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2023-01-21）（美国英语）.
^ T.W.A. Leases Terminal. The New York Times. 1980-12-05 [2020-07-02]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2023-01-21）（美国英语）.
^ Matthews, Karen. Hotel at iconic TWA terminal will evoke glamour of jet age. USA Today. Associated Press. October 12, 2017 [December 22, 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-12-23）.
^ Landmarks: TWA Terminal (PDF). Progressive Architecture. May 1992: 96 [2023-01-21]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-04-25）.
^ Port Authority, United Airlines Launch Major Redevelopment of Terminals 5 and 6 at JFK – Project Pushes Total Cost of Kennedy Airport's Record Redevelopment to $10 Billion Mark (新闻稿). Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. October 30, 2000. （原始内容存档于October 2, 2006）.
^ Port Authority Prepares for Future Aviation Growth by Creating New Development Sites at JFK Airport (新闻稿). Port Authority of New York & New Jersey. April 29, 2010 [2023-01-21]. （原始内容存档于2011-06-10）.
^ Hirshon, Nicholas. I.M. Pei-designed terminal at JFK Airport inspires preservation push. Daily News (New York). September 21, 2011 [2011-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2011-09-27）.
^ Youtube:Demolition of Terminal 6 JFK (TWA & JetBlue's old home) (Video 12). [21 December 2011]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-08）.
^ The Demolition of Terminal 6 at JFK is Happening NOW. Jaunted. October 18, 2011 [June 13, 2015]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-13）.
^ JetBlue Gets Green Light to Build New International Arrivals Extension to its Home at JFK's Terminal 5 (新闻稿). JetBlue Airways. May 31, 2012 [June 13, 2012]. （原始内容存档于July 9, 2012）.

外部链接

40°38′53″N 73°46′46″W / 40.647951°N 73.7794°W / 40.647951; -73.7794

[1] Galef, Julia. I.M. Pei's JFK in Terminal Trouble. The Architect's Newspaper. June 16, 2010 [2010-06-16]. （原始内容存档于June 19, 2010）.

[2] Fowle, Farnsworth. Superjet Terminal Will Open. The New York Times. 1969-11-29 [2020-07-01]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2023-01-21）（美国英语）.

[3] T.W.A. Leases Terminal. The New York Times. 1980-12-05 [2020-07-02]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2023-01-21）（美国英语）.

[4] Matthews, Karen. Hotel at iconic TWA terminal will evoke glamour of jet age. USA Today. Associated Press. October 12, 2017 [December 22, 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-12-23）.

[5] Landmarks: TWA Terminal (PDF). Progressive Architecture. May 1992: 96 [2023-01-21]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-04-25）.

[6] Port Authority, United Airlines Launch Major Redevelopment of Terminals 5 and 6 at JFK – Project Pushes Total Cost of Kennedy Airport's Record Redevelopment to $10 Billion Mark (新闻稿). Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. October 30, 2000. （原始内容存档于October 2, 2006）.

[7] Port Authority Prepares for Future Aviation Growth by Creating New Development Sites at JFK Airport (新闻稿). Port Authority of New York & New Jersey. April 29, 2010 [2023-01-21]. （原始内容存档于2011-06-10）.

[8] Hirshon, Nicholas. I.M. Pei-designed terminal at JFK Airport inspires preservation push. Daily News (New York). September 21, 2011 [2011-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2011-09-27）.

[9] Youtube:Demolition of Terminal 6 JFK (TWA & JetBlue's old home) (Video 12). [21 December 2011]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-08）.

[jaunted-10] The Demolition of Terminal 6 at JFK is Happening NOW. Jaunted. October 18, 2011 [June 13, 2015]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-13）.

[jetblue1-11] JetBlue Gets Green Light to Build New International Arrivals Extension to its Home at JFK's Terminal 5 (新闻稿). JetBlue Airways. May 31, 2012 [June 13, 2012]. （原始内容存档于July 9, 2012）.

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@@ 第10行： / 第10行： @@
 [[環球航空]]随后入主此地，并将该航站楼易名“环航子航站”，后又更名为环航国内线航站楼，最后更名为六号航站楼<ref>{{Cite news|date=1980-12-05|title=T.W.A. Leases Terminal|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1980/12/05/archives/twa-leases-terminal.html|accessdate=2020-07-02|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=2023-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230121050554/https://www.nytimes.com/1980/12/05/archives/twa-leases-terminal.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>。最终该航站楼通过一条滑坡胶合板人行道连接到[[環航飛行中心|环航飞行中心]]（后称环航国际航站楼，其后改称五号航站楼；现部分结构改建为[[TWA飯店]]<ref>{{Cite news|author=Matthews|first=Karen|date=October 12, 2017|title=Hotel at iconic TWA terminal will evoke glamour of jet age|work=USA Today|agency=Associated Press|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/flights/todayinthesky/2017/10/12/hotel-iconic-twa-terminal-evoke-glamour-jet-age/756588001/|accessdate=December 22, 2017|archive-date=2017-12-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223044530/https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/flights/todayinthesky/2017/10/12/hotel-iconic-twa-terminal-evoke-glamour-jet-age/756588001/|dead-url=no}}</ref>）。该人行道后被航站楼辅路截断<ref>{{Cite journal |date=May 1992 |title=Landmarks: TWA Terminal |url=https://usmodernist.org/PA/PA-1992-05.PDF |journal=Progressive Architecture |page=96 |access-date=2023-01-21 |archive-date=2023-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425135357/https://usmodernist.org/PA/PA-1992-05.PDF |dead-url=no }}</ref>。后来，在环球航空削减航班量后，该航站楼先后被[[聯合航空]]、ATA航空、泛美航空（1996年-1998年）、嘉年华航空、先锋航空和[[美西航空]]使用。2001年，[[聯合航空|联航]]计划将该航站楼和环航飞行中心改建为该航司的新运营基地<ref>{{Cite press release|title=Port Authority, United Airlines Launch Major Redevelopment of Terminals 5 and 6 at JFK&nbsp;– Project Pushes Total Cost of Kennedy Airport's Record Redevelopment to $10 Billion Mark|url=http://www.panynj.gov/pr/152-00.html|publisher=Port Authority of New York and New Jersey|date=October 30, 2000|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061002185836/http://www.panynj.gov/pr/152-00.html|archivedate=October 2, 2006}}</ref>。
-年4月29日，[[紐約與新澤西港務局]]宣布将拆除T6，以便捷蓝航空扩建T5<ref>{{Cite press release|publisher=Port Authority of New York & New Jersey|date=April 29, 2010|title=Port Authority Prepares for Future Aviation Growth by Creating New Development Sites at JFK Airport|url=http://www.panynj.gov/press-room/press-item.cfm?headLine_id=1277}}</ref>。尽管保护主义者竭尽全力以保留航站楼<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/ny_local/queens/2011/09/21/2011-09-21_push_to_save_designer_jfk_bldg_takes_off.html|title=I.M. Pei-designed terminal at JFK Airport inspires preservation push|first=Nicholas|author=Hirshon|work=Daily News|location=New York|date=September 21, 2011|accessdate=2011-09-21|archive-date=2011-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927024247/http://www.nydailynews.com/ny_local/queens/2011/09/21/2011-09-21_push_to_save_designer_jfk_bldg_takes_off.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>，但拆除工作仍按期于2011年10月结束<ref>{{Cite web|title=Youtube:Demolition of Terminal 6 JFK (TWA & JetBlue's old home) (Video 12)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrQo_6PD80w|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608201601/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrQo_6PD80w&gl=US&hl=en|archive-date=2020-06-08|access-date=21 December 2011}}</ref><ref name="jaunted">{{Cite news|title=The Demolition of Terminal 6 at JFK is Happening NOW|url=http://www.jaunted.com/story/2011/10/17/22120/335/travel/The+Demolition+of+Terminal+6+at+JFK+is+Happening+NOW|publisher=Jaunted|date=October 18, 2011|accessdate=June 13, 2015|archive-date=2015-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913062411/http://www.jaunted.com/story/2011/10/17/22120/335/travel/The+Demolition+of+Terminal+6+at+JFK+is+Happening+NOW|dead-url=no}}</ref>。遗址随后被用于扩建T5，并新建了国际线设施<ref name="jetblue1">{{Cite press release|title=JetBlue Gets Green Light to Build New International Arrivals Extension to its Home at JFK's Terminal 5|url=http://investor.jetblue.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=131045&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1701319&highlight=|publisher=[[JetBlue Airways]]|date=May 31, 2012|accessdate=June 13, 2012|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120709125047/http://investor.jetblue.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=131045&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1701319&highlight=|archivedate=July 9, 2012}}</ref>。
+年4月29日，[[紐約與新澤西港務局]]宣布将拆除T6，以便捷蓝航空扩建T5<ref>{{Cite press release|publisher=Port Authority of New York & New Jersey|date=April 29, 2010|title=Port Authority Prepares for Future Aviation Growth by Creating New Development Sites at JFK Airport|url=http://www.panynj.gov/press-room/press-item.cfm?headLine_id=1277|access-date=2023-01-21|archive-date=2011-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610204250/http://www.panynj.gov/press-room/press-item.cfm?headLine_id=1277|dead-url=yes}}</ref>。尽管保护主义者竭尽全力以保留航站楼<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/ny_local/queens/2011/09/21/2011-09-21_push_to_save_designer_jfk_bldg_takes_off.html|title=I.M. Pei-designed terminal at JFK Airport inspires preservation push|first=Nicholas|author=Hirshon|work=Daily News|location=New York|date=September 21, 2011|accessdate=2011-09-21|archive-date=2011-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927024247/http://www.nydailynews.com/ny_local/queens/2011/09/21/2011-09-21_push_to_save_designer_jfk_bldg_takes_off.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>，但拆除工作仍按期于2011年10月结束<ref>{{Cite web|title=Youtube:Demolition of Terminal 6 JFK (TWA & JetBlue's old home) (Video 12)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrQo_6PD80w|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608201601/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrQo_6PD80w&gl=US&hl=en|archive-date=2020-06-08|access-date=21 December 2011}}</ref><ref name="jaunted">{{Cite news|title=The Demolition of Terminal 6 at JFK is Happening NOW|url=http://www.jaunted.com/story/2011/10/17/22120/335/travel/The+Demolition+of+Terminal+6+at+JFK+is+Happening+NOW|publisher=Jaunted|date=October 18, 2011|accessdate=June 13, 2015|archive-date=2015-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913062411/http://www.jaunted.com/story/2011/10/17/22120/335/travel/The+Demolition+of+Terminal+6+at+JFK+is+Happening+NOW|dead-url=no}}</ref>。遗址随后被用于扩建T5，并新建了国际线设施<ref name="jetblue1">{{Cite press release|title=JetBlue Gets Green Light to Build New International Arrivals Extension to its Home at JFK's Terminal 5|url=http://investor.jetblue.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=131045&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1701319&highlight=|publisher=[[JetBlue Airways]]|date=May 31, 2012|accessdate=June 13, 2012|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120709125047/http://investor.jetblue.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=131045&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1701319&highlight=|archivedate=July 9, 2012}}</ref>。
 == 参考文献 ==