自發演替：修订间差异

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2024年10月29日 (二) 03:47的最新版本

自力演替（英語：autogenic succession）是指由生態系統內的生物因素驅動的演替，虽然自力演替的机制长期以来一直存在争议，但人們很早就意識到了生物演替過程中起到的作用。^[1]^[2]^[3]目前，學界主流的共识是促进、耐受和抑制机制都對自力演替有作用。^[4]演替的概念通常与植被和森林群落相关，但它也适用于更广泛的生态系统。與此相反的概念是外力演替，它是指由生态系统的非生物因子驱动的演替。^[5]

作用機制

植物本身（生物組分）可以导致演替发生。

葉片捕捉日光
碎屑的产生
水分和养分吸收
固氮
人为气候变化

植群之變化，由生物本身之作用所產生者，稱為自力演替，而自力演替屬於初級演替，包括生態系中生物、土壤及微氣候之變遷。^[6]

促進

改善场地因素，如增加有机质

抑制

阻碍物种或生长

參考文獻

^ Cowles, Henry Chandler (1899). "The Ecological Relations of the Vegetation on the Sand Dunes of Lake Michigan. Part I.-Geographical Relations of the Dune Floras". Botanical Gazette. 27 (2): 95–117. ISSN 0006-8071.
^ Cowles, Henry C. (1911). "The Causes of Vegetational Cycles". Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 1: 3–20. doi:10.2307/2560843. ISSN 0004-5608.
^ Finegan, Bryan (1984). "Forest succession". Nature. 312 (5990): 109–114. doi:10.1038/312109a0. ISSN 1476-4687
^ Connell, Joseph H.; Slatyer, Ralph O. (1977). "Mechanisms of Succession in Natural Communities and Their Role in Community Stability and Organization". The American Naturalist. 111 (982): 1119–1144. ISSN 0003-0147.
^ Martin, Elizabeth; Hine, Robert. Succession. A Dictionary of Biology 6th. Oxford University Press. 2008 [12 January 2011]. ISBN 978-0-19-920462-5.
^ Archived copy. （原始内容存档于20 October 2008）.

[1] Cowles, Henry Chandler (1899). "The Ecological Relations of the Vegetation on the Sand Dunes of Lake Michigan. Part I.-Geographical Relations of the Dune Floras". Botanical Gazette. 27 (2): 95–117. ISSN 0006-8071.

[2] Cowles, Henry C. (1911). "The Causes of Vegetational Cycles". Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 1: 3–20. doi:10.2307/2560843. ISSN 0004-5608.

[3] Finegan, Bryan (1984). "Forest succession". Nature. 312 (5990): 109–114. doi:10.1038/312109a0. ISSN 1476-4687

[4] Connell, Joseph H.; Slatyer, Ralph O. (1977). "Mechanisms of Succession in Natural Communities and Their Role in Community Stability and Organization". The American Naturalist. 111 (982): 1119–1144. ISSN 0003-0147.

[ORO-5] Martin, Elizabeth; Hine, Robert. Succession. A Dictionary of Biology 6th. Oxford University Press. 2008 [12 January 2011]. ISBN 978-0-19-920462-5.

[6] Archived copy. （原始内容存档于20 October 2008）.

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 * 人为气候变化
-職群之變化，由生物本身之作用所產生者，稱為自力演替，而自力演替屬於[[初級演替]]，包括生態系中生物、土壤及微氣候之變遷。<ref>{{Cite web|title=Archived copy|url=https://www.epa.gov/ecopage/upland/oak/oak94/Proceedings/Platt1.gif|publisher=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081020120925/https://www.epa.gov/ecopage/upland/oak/oak94/Proceedings/Platt1.gif|archive-date=20 October 2008}}</ref>
+植群之變化，由生物本身之作用所產生者，稱為自力演替，而自力演替屬於[[初級演替]]，包括生態系中生物、土壤及微氣候之變遷。<ref>{{Cite web|title=Archived copy|url=https://www.epa.gov/ecopage/upland/oak/oak94/Proceedings/Platt1.gif|publisher=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081020120925/https://www.epa.gov/ecopage/upland/oak/oak94/Proceedings/Platt1.gif|archive-date=20 October 2008}}</ref>
 === 促進 ===