紫菀屬
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 高山紫菀 Aster alpinus
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紫菀属（学名：Aster，异名：Diplopappus）， 是菊科下的一个属。这个属曾经包括欧亚大陆及北美洲的近600种植物，但是在经过了二十世纪九十年代中对于该属的形态学以及分子生物学研究后，人们认为其中一些来自北美洲的种应该和另一个与其临近的种作为一个的系列。 [1] 在这次分出后，这个属留下了大概180个种，其中除一种外，其余均原产于欧亚大陆。
在英文中，紫菀的名字Aster来自于古希腊语的单词astron，意思是“星”，并经过具有同样意思的拉丁文单词astrum而被引入，人们用这个词实际上是在描述紫菀的花序。
已隱藏部分未翻譯内容，歡迎參與翻譯。
Many species and a variety of hybrids and varieties are popular as garden plants because of their attractive and colourful flowers. Aster species are used as food plants by the larvae of a number of Lepidoptera species - see list of Lepidoptera that feed on Aster. Asters can grow in all hardiness zones.
The genus Aster is now generally restricted to the Old World species, with Aster amellus being the type species of the genus, as well as of the family Asteraceae. The New World species have now been reclassified in the genera Almutaster, Canadanthus, Doellingeria, Eucephalus, Eurybia, Ionactis, Oligoneuron, Oreostemma, Sericocarpus and Symphyotrichum, though all are treated within the tribe Astereae. Regardless of the taxonomic change, all are still widely referred to as "asters" in the horticultural trades. See the List of Aster synonyms for more information.
在英国只有这个属中的两个种是原产的，其中麻菀（Aster linosyris）又是很稀有的，另一种是Aster tripolium（en:Aster tripolium）。高山紫菀（ Aster alpinus spp. vierhapperi）则是唯一北美原产的种。
[1]
关于这种花，一个值得注意的事情就是它的花瓣的数是一个斐波那契数。[來源請求]
分类
种：
- Aster ageratoides Turcz. 三脉紫菀
- Aster aitchisonii Boiss.
- Aster alatipes Hemsl. 翼柄紫菀
- Aster albanicus Degen
- Aster albescens (DC.) Hand.-Mazz. 小舌紫菀
- Aster alpinus Linn. 高山紫菀
- Aster amellus L.
- Aster ananthocladus Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
- Aster andicola Hauman
- Aster andohahelensis Humbert
- Aster aragonensis Asso
- Aster arenosus (A. Heller) S.F.Blake
- Aster argyropholis Hand.-Mazz. 银鳞紫菀
- Aster asa-grayi Makino
- Aster asteroides (DC.) O. Ktze. 星舌紫菀
- Aster auriculatus Franch. 耳叶紫菀
- Aster baccharoides (Benth.) Steetz. 白舌紫菀
- Aster bakerianus Burtt Davy ex C.A.Sm.
- Aster barbatus (DC.) Harv.
- Aster barbellatus Griers. 髯毛紫菀
- Aster baronii Humbert
- Aster batangensis Bur. et Franch. 巴塘紫菀
- Aster bietii Franch. 线舌紫菀
- Aster bipinnatisectus Ludlow ex Griers. 重羽紫菀
- Aster blepharophyllus A. Gray
- Aster blepharophyllus A. Gray
- Aster brachytrichus Franch. 短毛紫菀
- Aster brevis Hand.-Mazz. 短茎紫菀
- Aster bulleyanus J. F. Jeffr. 扁毛紫菀
- Aster blepharophyllus A. Gray
- Aster chimanimaniensis W. Lippert
- Aster colchicus Albov
- Aster comptonii W. Lippert
- Aster confertifolius Hilliard & B.L.Burtt
- Aster creticus (Gand.) Rech. f.
- Aster curtus Cronquist
- Aster diplostephioides (DC.) C. B. Clarke 重冠紫菀
- Aster dolichophyllus Ling 长叶紫菀
- Aster dolichopodus Ling 长梗紫菀
- Aster erucifolius (Thell.) W. Lippert
- Aster falcifolius Hand.-Mazz. 镰叶紫菀
- Aster falconeri (C.B. Clarke) Hutch.
- Aster fanjingshanicus Y.L. Chen & D.J. Liu
- Aster farreri W. W. Sm. et J. F. Jeffr. 狭苞紫菀
- Aster filipes J.Q. Fu
- Aster flaccidus Bge. 萎软紫菀
- Aster formosanus Hayata 台岩紫菀
- Aster frutescens S. Watson
- Aster fulgidulus Griers. 辉叶紫菀
- Aster fuscescens Burr. et Franch. 褐毛紫菀
- Aster giraldii Diels 秦中紫菀
- Aster glehnii F. Schmidt
- Aster gracilicaulis Ling 细茎紫菀
- Aster grisebachii Britton
- Aster gymnocephalus (DC.) A. Gray
- Aster handelii Onno 红冠紫菀
- Aster harveyanus Kuntze
- Aster hayatae H. Lév. & Vaniot
- Aster heliopsis Grierson
- Aster hersileoides Schneid. 横斜紫菀
- Aster heterolepis Hand.-Mazz. 异苞紫菀
- Aster himalaicus C. B. Clarke 须弥紫菀
- Aster hololachnus Ling 全茸紫菀
- Aster homochlamydeus Hand.-Mazz. 等苞紫菀
- Aster hunanensis Hand.-Mazz. 湖南紫菀
- Aster hypoleucus Hand.-Mazz. 白背紫菀
- Aster iinumae Kitam. ex H.Hara
- Aster indamellus Griers. 叶苞紫菀
- Aster intricatus (A. Gray) S.F. Blake
- Aster ionoglossus Ling 堇舌紫菀
- Aster itsunboshi Kitam. 大埔紫菀
- Aster jeffreyanus Diels 滇西北紫菀
- Aster juchaihu Z.Y. Zhu & B.Q. Min
- Aster kantoensis Kitam.
- Aster koraiensis Nakai
- Aster laevigatus (Sond.) Kuntze
- Aster laka C.B. Clarke
- Aster langaoensis J.Q. Fu
- Aster lanuginosus (J. Small) Ling 棉毛紫菀
- Aster latibracteatus Franch. 宽苞紫菀
- Aster lavanduliifolius Hand.-Mazz. 线叶紫菀
- Aster likiangensis Franch. 丽江紫菀
- Aster limosus Hemsl. 湿生紫菀
- Aster lingulatus Franch. 舌叶紫菀
- Aster linosyris (L.) Bernh.
- Aster lipskyi Komar. 青海紫菀
- Aster luzonensis Elmer
- Aster lydenburgensis W. Lippert
- Aster maackii Regel 圆苞紫菀
- Aster madagascariensis Humbert
- Aster magnus Y.N. Lee & C. Kim
- Aster mandrarensis Humbert
- Aster mangshanensis Ling 莽山紫菀
- Aster megalanthus Ling 大花紫菀
- Aster menelii Lévl. 黔中紫菀
- Aster microcephalus (Miq.) Franch. & Sav.
- Aster milanjiensis S. Moore
- Aster miyagii Koidz.
- Aster molliusculus (DC.) C. B. Clarke 软毛紫菀
- Aster morrisonensis Hayata 玉山紫菀
- Aster motuoensis Y.L. Chen
- Aster moupinsensis (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz. 川鄂紫菀
- Aster neo-elegans Griers. 新雅紫菀
- Aster nigromontanus Dunn 黑山紫菀
- Aster nitidus Chang 亮叶紫菀
- Aster nubimontis W. Lippert
- Aster oleifolius (Lam.) Wagenitz
- Aster oreophilus Franch. 石生紫菀
- Aster ovalifolius Kitam. 卵叶紫菀
- Aster panduratus Nees ex Walper 琴叶紫菀
- Aster patulus Lam.
- Aster peduncularis Wall. ex Nees
- Aster peglerae Bolus
- Aster perfoliatus Oliv.
- Aster philippinensis S. Moore
- Aster platylepis Y.L. Chen
- Aster pleiocephalus (Harv.) Hutch.
- Aster poliothamnus Diels 灰枝紫菀
- Aster polius Schneid. 灰毛紫菀
- Aster prainii (Drumm.) Y. L. Chen 厚棉紫菀
- Aster prorerus Hemsl. 高茎紫菀
- Aster pseudobakerianus W. Lippert
- Aster pubentior Cronquist
- Aster punctatus Waldst. & Kit.
- Aster pycnophyllus W. W. Smith 密叶紫菀
- Aster pyrenaeus Desf. ex DC.
- Aster quitensis Willd. ex Spreng.
- Aster retusus Ludlow 凹叶紫菀
- Aster riparius Kunth
- Aster rockianus Hand.-Mazz. 腾越紫菀
- Aster saboureaui Humbert
- Aster salwinensis Onno 怒江紫菀
- Aster sampsonii (Hance) Hemsl. 短舌紫菀
- Aster satsumensis Soejima
- Aster savatieri Makino
- Aster sedifolius L.
- Aster semiamplexicaulis Makino ex Koidz.
- Aster senecioides Franch. 狗舌紫菀
- Aster shastensis (A. Gray) A. Gray
- Aster sikkimensis Hook. 锡金紫菀
- Aster sikuensis W. W. Smith et Farr. 西固紫菀
- Aster sinianus Hand.-Mazz. 岳麓紫菀
- Aster smithianus Hand.-Mazz. 甘川紫菀
- Aster sodiroi Hieron.
- Aster souliei Franch. 缘毛紫菀
- Aster spathulifolius Maxim.
- Aster sphaerotus Ling 圆耳紫菀
- Aster steeleorum Shinners
- Aster stracheyi Hook. f. 匍生紫菀
- Aster sugimotoi Kitam.
- Aster sutchuenensis Franch. 四川紫菀
- Aster tagasagomontanus Sasaki. 山紫菀
- Aster taiwanensis Kitam. 台湾紫菀
- Aster taliangshanensis Ling 凉山紫菀
- Aster tansaniensis W. Lippert
- Aster tarbagatensis (K. Koch) Merxm.
- Aster tataricus Linn. f. 紫菀
- Aster techinensis Ling 德钦紫菀
- Aster tenuipes Makino
- Aster thomsonii C.B. Clarke
- Aster tientschuanensis Hand.-Mazz. 天全紫菀
- Aster tolmatschevii Tamamsch.
- Aster tongolensis Franch. 东俄洛紫菀
- Aster tricephalus C. B. Clarke 三头紫菀
- Aster trichoneurus Ling 毛脉紫菀
- Aster trinervius D. Don 三基脉紫菀
- Aster tripolium L.
- Aster tsarungensis (Griers.) Ling 察瓦龙紫菀
- Aster turbinatus S. Moore 陀螺紫菀
- Aster veitchianus Hutch. et Drumm. 峨眉紫菀
- Aster velutinosus Ling 毡毛紫菀
- Aster vestitus Franch. 密毛紫菀
- Aster viscidulus (Makino) Makino
- Aster vvedenskyi Bondarenko
- Aster willkommii Sch.Bip.
- Aster woroschilowii Zdor. & Schapoval
- Aster yakushimensis (Kitam.) Soejima & Yahara
- Aster yomena (Kitam.) Honda
- Aster yoshinaganus (Kitam.) Mot. Ito & Soejima
- Aster yunnanensis Franch. 云南紫菀
- Aster zayuensis Y.L. Chen
- Aster zuluensis W. Lippert
杂种:
- Aster x dumosus
参考资料
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Brouillet, Luc; Barkley, Theodore M.; Strother, John L., Astereae, Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+ (编), Flora of North America 20, New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press: 3, 2006 引用错误：带有name属性“flora”的
<ref>标签用不同内容定义了多次
外部链接
- （英文）Ontario Wildflowers website 很多关于紫菀的信息
- （英文）Aster 紫菀屬
