礼炮2号
 | 自2012年1月15日起，本条目已经超过90天没有翻译。 |  |
|
 | |
| 空间站信息 | |
|---|---|
| COSPAR ID | 1973-017A |
| SATCAT no. | 06398 |
| 呼号 | 礼炮2号[來源請求] |
| 成员数量 | 3 |
| 发射日期 | April 3, 1973 09:00:00 UTC |
| 发射台 | 拜科努尔 发射台81/23[1] |
| 再入大气 | May 28, 1973 |
| 质量 | 18500千克 |
| 长度 | 14.55米 |
| 直径 | 4.15米 |
| 加压体积 | 99立方米 |
| 远地点 | 278千米 |
| 近地点 | 257千米 |
| 轨道倾角 | 51.6° |
| 轨道周期 | 89.8分钟 |
| 在轨天数 | 54天 |
| 轨道数目 | 866 |
| 运行距离 | 35163530千米 |
| 资料日期： April 4, 1973 | |
| 配置图 | |
 An Almaz space station | |
礼炮2号 (OPS-1) (俄语：Салют-2) 是苏联礼炮计划的一部分，该空间站于1973年发射升空. 是苏联发射升空的第一艘阿尔马兹军事空间站. 在发射升空两周内，空间站因为失去高度控制以及发生减压而被遗弃. 于1973年5月28日返回，飞行期间没有宇航员造访.
飞船
礼炮2号是一艘阿尔马兹军事空间站.[2] 它被设计为礼炮计划的一部分，这么做是用来隐瞒两个独立的空间站计划。[3]
礼炮2号长14.55米,[來源請求] 直径4.15米, 内部可居住的空间为90立方米. 发射重量为18950千克.[4] A single aft-mounted docking port was intended for use by Soyuz spacecraft carrying cosmonauts to work aboard the station. Two solar arrays mounted at the aft end of the station near the docking port provided power to the station, generating a total of 3,120 watts of electricity.[5] The station was equipped with 32 attitude control thrusters, as well as two RD-0225 engines, each capable of generating 3.9千牛頓（880英磅力） of thrust, for orbital manoeuvres.[4]
发射
Salyut 2 was launched from Site 81/23 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, atop a three-stage Proton-K rocket, serial number 283-01.[6] The launch took place at 09:00:00 UTC on 3 April 1973,[7] and successfully placed Salyut 2 into low Earth orbit.[6] Upon reaching orbit, Salyut 2 was assigned the International Designator 1973-017A, whilst NORAD gave it the Satellite Catalog Number 06398.[1] The third stage of the Proton-K rocket entered orbit along with Salyut 2. On 4 April, it was catalogued in a 192乘238公里（119乘148英里） orbit, inclined at 51.4 degrees.[8]
Failure
Three days after the launch of Salyut 2, the Proton's spent third stage exploded. Thirteen days into its mission, Salyut 2 began to depressurise, and its attitude control system malfunctioned.[3] An inquiry into the failure initially determined that a fuel line had burst, burning a hole in the station.[3] It was later discovered that a piece of debris from the third stage had collided with the station, causing the damage.
Several pieces of debris separated from the space station at around the time of its failure, including both solar panels, which removed its ability to generate power.[1] Three pieces of debris from the station were catalogued, and had decayed from orbit by 13 May.[8] The remainder of the station reentered the atmosphere on May 28, 1973[2][8] over the Pacific Ocean.[9]
See also
参考资料
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Salyut 2. United States National Space Data Center. 8 October 2010 [4 January 2010].
- ^ 2.0 2.1
Portree, David S. F. Mir Hardware Heritage (PDF). NASA. March 1995 [4 January 2011].
Salyut 2, the first Almaz station, reached orbit on April 3, 1973. Soon after, Salyut 2 lost stability and began tumbling. In 1992, Mikhail Lisun, backup cosmonaut for the Soyuz 24 flight to Almaz station Salyut 5, attributed the loss of Salyut 2 to an electrical fire, followed by depressurization. Salyut 2 broke up on April 14, and all trackable pieces reentered by May 28, 1973.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Zak, Anatoly. OPS-1 (Salyut-2) space station. RussianSpaceWeb. [4 January 2011].
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Zak, Anatoly. Almaz space station technical overview. RussianSpaceWeb. [5 January 2011].
- ^ Zak, Anatoly. Almaz space station technical overview - Transfer section. RussianSpaceWeb. [5 January 2011].
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Wade, Mark. Proton-K. Encyclopedia Astronautica. [2 January 2011].
1973 April 3...Launch Vehicle: Proton-K. LV Configuration: Proton-K 283-01...Salyut 2
- ^ McDowell, Jonathan. Launch Log. Jonathan's Space Page. [4 January 2011].
- ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 McDowell, Jonathan. Satellite Catalog. Jonathan's Space Page. [4 January 2011].
- ^ Wade, Mark. 1973.04.03 - Salyut 2. Encyclopedia Astronautica. [4 January 2011].
