小算盤 (Windows)
| File:Vista Calculator logo.JPG | |
| File:Calculator (Windows).JPG Windows Vista 中的Windows小算盤 | |
| 開發者 | 微軟 |
|---|---|
| 当前版本 | 6.0.6000.16386（2006年11月8日） |
| 源代码库 | |
| 操作系统 | Windows |
| 类型 | 計算機 |
| 许可协议 | |
| 网站 | aka |
Windows小算盤是Microsoft Windows內置的其中一款應用程式，可以用作執行計算。在「標準型」選項中，可進行簡單的四則運算（加法、減法、乘法，以及除法），與一些低階入門計算機接近。在「工程型」選項中，則可以進行較複雜的計算，如可選擇除十進位外的十六進位、二進位以及八進位數字系統。此軟體存在於所有的Microsoft Windows版本中。
概要
小算盤程式有一個較簡單的人机界面，它的體積很小，但功能上就可以與大部分的四則計算機或科學計算機媲美。預設上，這個程式是用"標準模式"執行，即是一個四則計算機。一些較先進的功能可以在工程模式實現，包括对数，记数系统轉換，一些布尔函数，弧度，角度和梯度的支援。同時對一元積分統計函數提供支援。但是，它不支援使用者自定義的函数，複數，儲存變量的分段結果(與傳統的蓄電池計算機不同)。自動的极坐标系 - 直角坐标轉換，or support two-variables statistics, making it impractical to use with many engineering, physics or high school mathematics tasks. Calculator is not able to do "constant calculations". When a user wants to apply the same constant and operation many times, the second and following calculations can be done without retyping the operation and constant. So one can type: 2*7=[14] 3=[21] 4=[28] etc. Calculator ignores the number typed before the equal sign.
Some versions of Calculator have a way to automate long calculations. Writing a text file in Notepad or another text editor containing a number on the first row, then operators followed by numbers on the next row and pasting this content to calculator's textbox will result in it performing the described calculations. This may not work correctly with all versions of Calculator, and depends on precise text formatting. Also, this sort of "automation" does not work with commands other that the standard arithmetic operators (+, - , /, *), making it only suitable for computing large cumulative sums starting from a file or spreadsheet data.
所有的Microsoft Windows版本都含有小算盤，但自從Windows 95，它的介面和功能都沒有太大改變。在Windows 2000以後的NT版本作業系統中，小算盤使用了arbitrary-precision arithmetic資料庫，去取代以往的IEEE浮点数資料庫。[1] It offers infinite precision for basic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) and 32 digits of precision for advanced operations (square root, transcendental operators).
Many specialized keyboards have a "calculator" key, which launches Calculator by default.
程式中的錯誤
The version of Calculator shipped with Windows 3.0 and Windows 3.1 suffered from a bug causing it to display incorrect results for certain classes of calculations. The most typical example was the 1-1.1 operation, which would lead to a long number sequence approximating the expected result, -0.1, such as -0.095645564564564.... One of the most joked about calculation is 3.11-3.1, results in 0.00. This leads to the joke "Q: What is the difference between 3.11 and 3.1? A: Nothing!" (In this case, "3.11" and "3.1" imply the version numbers of Windows.) This may, however, be attributed to floating point calculations with insufficient accuracy as they are prone to yield wrong results in calculations with numbers that cannot be accurately represented in binary. The modern versions, described above, eliminate this bug.
Calculator since Windows 3.0 has had the 'sqrt' button available only in the standard mode. Switching over to scientific mode will make this button disappear. There is no fix, but Microsoft suggests raising numbers to the half power (e.g. 144 ^ .5 ),[2] even though selecting the 'inv' checkbox and clicking 'x^2' button will provide the square root function.
If you type “calc /.setup“ into the RUN box on windows, calculator will be launched, but displaying “0,e+0“ instead of “0“ and when you click a number-button 1-9, it will only make a characteristic sound instead of typing a number.
All Calculator versions until the one for Windows XP saves its configuration (whether to use scientific or standard mode) to the legacy win.ini - a file that is not writable for users. So non-admin users will always start in standard mode. Calculator Plus fixes this bug by saving the information where it belongs - into the user portion of the registry.
非必須的小算盤代替物
微軟曾經在下載中心，發佈過兩款計算機程式。它們的功能都比Windows內置的強大。
微軟計算器增強版 - 除了"標準"和"科學"模式，它亦擁有'換算法'模式。'換算法'模式支援單位和汇率換算。計算器增強版支援從欧洲中央银行的網頁中，直接更新外幣汇率的資訊。它亦提供一個直接的介面。
Power Calculator - 它是其中的一款的Windows XP PowerToy。Powertoy Calculator支援圖形計算。雖然這個程式容許使用者調整計算機的精確度，但有一些小問題。例如函數，程式生就生產出一個錯誤的圖形。它對一個擁有大弧度的正弦函數，產生出一個錯誤的數值，例如。
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其他链接
參考
- ^ The Old New Thing blog by Raymond Chen: When you change the insides, nobody notices
- ^ Square Root (sqrt) in Calculator's Scientific Mode