土耳其—亞美尼亞戰爭
| 土耳其–亞美尼亞戰爭 | |||||||||
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| 土耳其獨立戰爭的一部分 | |||||||||
 土耳其–亞美尼亞戰爭地圖(1920年)，土耳其進軍並控制亞美尼亞的領土 | |||||||||
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| 参战方 | |||||||||
 大國民議會政府 |
 亞美尼亞民主共和國 | ||||||||
| 指挥官与领导者 | |||||||||
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卡茲姆·卡拉貝克爾 哈利特·卡爾西蘭 魯什圖帕夏 奧斯曼·努里·科帕塔格爾 凱維特·埃爾德爾 卡茲姆·奧爾拜 |
德拉斯塔馬特·卡納延 哈莫·奧漢賈揚 魯賓·特·米納西亞斯 克里斯托弗·阿拉拉托夫 | ||||||||
| 兵力 | |||||||||
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50,000[5][6] ~60,000人[7][8] |
20,000人[9] | ||||||||
| 伤亡与损失 | |||||||||
| 不明 | |||||||||
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60,000~98,000[10] 或者198,000~250,000人[10][11][12] 被殺害(亞美尼亞市民) | |||||||||
土耳其–亞美尼亞戰爭是一个
章节标题
參考資料
- ^ Andrew Andersen. www.conflicts.rem33.com. [December 19, 2019].
- ^ Andrew Andersen, Turkish-Armenian war: Sep.24 – Dec.2, 1920
- ^ Robert H. Hewsen. Armenia: A Historical Atlas, p. 237. ISBN 0-226-33228-4
- ^ (In Russian) Turso Armenian Conflict
- ^ Kadishev, A.B., Интервенция и гражданская война в Закавказье [Intervention and civil war in the South Caucasus], Moscow: 324, 1960
- ^ Andersen, Andrew. TURKEY AFTER WORLD WAR I: LOSSES AND GAINS. Centre for Military and Strategic Studies.
- ^ Guaita, Giovanni, 1700 Years of Faithfulness: History of Armenia and its Churches, Moscow: FAM, 2001, ISBN 5-89831-013-4
- ^ Asenbauer, Haig E. On the right of self-determination of the Armenian people of Nagorno-Karabakh. Armenian Prelacy. December 19, 1996 [December 19, 2019] –通过Google Books.
- ^ （法語） Ter Minassian, Anahide (1989). La république d'Arménie. 1918–1920 La mémoire du siècle. Brussels: éditions complexe, p. 220. ISBN 2-87027-280-4.
- ^ 10.0 10.1 These are according to the figures provided by Alexander Miasnikyan, the President of the Council of People's Commissars of Soviet Armenia, in a telegram he sent to the Soviet Foreign Minister Georgy Chicherin in 1921. Miasnikyan's figures were broken down as follows: of the approximately 60,000 Armenians who were killed by the Turkish armies, 30,000 were men, 15,000 women, 5,000 children, and 10,000 young girls. Of the 38,000 who were wounded, 20,000 were men, 10,000 women, 5,000 young girls, and 3,000 children. Instances of mass rape, murder and violence were also reported against the Armenian populace of Kars and Alexandropol: see Vahakn N. Dadrian. (2003). The History of the Armenian Genocide: Ethnic Conflict from the Balkans to Anatolia to the Caucasus. New York: Berghahn Books, pp. 360–361. ISBN 1-57181-666-6.
- ^ Armenia: The Survival of a Nation, Christopher Walker, 1980.
- ^ Akçam, Taner. A Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility. 2007: 327. - Profile at Google Books
外部連結
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