^Taagepera, Rein. Estonia: return to independence. Westview Press. 1993: 58. ISBN 9780813311999.
^Ziemele, Ineta. State Continuity, Succession and Responsibility: Reparations to the Baltic States and their Peoples?. Baltic Yearbook of International Law (Martinus Nijhoff). 2003, 3: 165–190.
^Kavass, Igor I. Baltic States. W. S. Hein. 1972. The forcible military occupation and subsequent annexation of the Baltic States by the Soviet Union remains to this day (written in 1972) one of the serious unsolved issues of international law
^Davies, Norman. Dear, Ian , 編. The Oxford companion to World War II. Michael Richard Daniell Foot. Oxford University Press. 2001: 85. ISBN 9780198604464.
^22 September 1944 from one occupation to another. Estonian Embassy in Washington. 2008-09-22 [2009-05-01]. （原始內容存檔於2018-06-30）. For Estonia, World War II did not end, de facto, until 31 August 1994, with the final withdrawal of former Soviet troops from Estonian soil.
^Feldbrugge, Ferdinand; Gerard Pieter van den Berg, William B. Simons. Encyclopedia of Soviet law. BRILL. 1985: 461. ISBN 90-247-3075-9. On March 26, 1949, the US Department of State issued a circular letter stating that the Baltic countries were still independent nations with their own diplomatic representatives and consuls.引文使用過時參數coauthors (幫助)
^Fried, Daniel. U.S.-Baltic Relations: Celebrating 85 Years of Friendship(PDF). June 14, 2007 [2009-04-29]. （原始內容(PDF)存檔於2012年8月19日）. From Sumner Wells' declaration of July 23, 1940, that we would not recognize the occupation. We housed the exiled Baltic diplomatic delegations. We accredited their diplomats. We flew their flags in the State Department's Hall of Flags. We never recognized in deed or word or symbol the illegal occupation of their lands.
^Lauterpacht, E.; C. J. Greenwood. International Law Reports. Cambridge University Press. 1967: 62–63. ISBN 0-521-46380-7. The Court said: (256 N.Y.S.2d 196) " The Government of the United States has never recognized the forceful occupation of Estonia and Latvia by the Soviet Union of Socialist Republics nor does it recognize the absorption and incorporation of Latvia and Estonia into the Union of Soviet Socialist republics. The legality of the acts, laws and decrees of the puppet regimes set up in those countries by the USSR is not recognized by the United States, diplomatic or consular officers are not maintained in either Estonia or Latvia and full recognition is given to the Legations of Estonia and Latvia established and maintained here by the Governments in exile of those countries引文使用過時參數coauthors (幫助)
^Seventh session Agenda item 9(PDF). United Nations, Human Rights Council, Mission to Estonia. 17 March 2008 [2009-05-01]. The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact in 1939 assigned Estonia to the Soviet sphere of influence, prompting the beginning of the first Soviet occupation in 1940. After the German defeat in 1944, the second Soviet occupation started and Estonia became a Soviet republic.[永久失效連結]
^Mälksoo, Lauri. Illegal Annexation and State Continuity: The Case of the Incorporation of the Baltic States by the USSR. Leiden – Boston: Brill. 2003. ISBN 90-411-2177-3.
^"The Soviet Red Army retook Estonia in 1944, occupying the country for nearly another half century." (Frucht, Richard, Eastern Europe: An Introduction to the People, Lands, and Culture, ABC-CLIO, 2005 ISBN 978-1-57607-800-6, p. 132
^Russia and Estonia agree borders. BBC. 18 May 2005 [April 29, 2009]. （原始內容存檔於2020-04-12）. Five decades of almost unbroken Soviet occupation of the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania ended in 1991
^See, for instance, position expressed by the European Parliament, which condemned "the fact that the occupation of these formerly independent and neutral States by the Soviet Union occurred in 1940 following the Molotov/Ribbentrop pact, and continues." European Parliament. Resolution on the situation in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania. Official Journal of the European Communities. C. January 13, 1983, 42/78 [2013-08-11]. （原始內容存檔於2011-06-28）.
^"After the German occupation in 1941–44, Estonia remained occupied by the Soviet Union until the restoration of its independence in 1991." KOLK AND KISLYIY v. ESTONIA, [1] (European Court of Human Rights 17 January 2006).
^David James Smith, Estonia: independence and European integration, Routledge, 2001, ISBN 0-415-26728-5, pXIX
^Van Elsuwege, Peter. Russian-speaking minorities in Estonian and Latvia: Problems of integration at the threshold of the European Union(PDF). Flensburg Germany: European Centre for Minority Issues. April 2004: 2 [2013-08-11]. （原始內容(PDF)存檔於2015-09-23）. The forcible incorporation of the Baltic states into the Soviet Union in 1940, on the basis of secret protocols to the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, is considered to be null and void. Even though the Soviet Union occupied these countries for a period of fifty years, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania continued to exist as subjects of international law.
Yaacov Falkov, "Between the Nazi Hammer and the Soviet Anvil: The Untold Story of the Red Guerrillas in the Baltic Region, 1941-1945", in Chris Murray (ed.), Unknown Conflicts of the Second World War: Forgotten Fronts (London: Routledge, 2019), pp. 96–119, ISBN978-1138612945
Non-Recognition in the Courts: The Ships of the Baltic Republics by Herbert W. Briggs. In The American Journal of International Law Vol. 37, No. 4 (Oct., 1943), pp. 585–596.
立陶宛
蘇聯
.svg)
