第二波女性主義運動

第二波女性主義運動（英語：Second-wave feminism）是女性主義者的一場社會運動，最早開始於1960年代初的美國，最終波及至整個西方世界和其他地區。此次社會運動持續到1980年代初期^[1]，而該波思潮對世界持續地造成影響，並衝擊了土耳其與以色列在內的國家^[2]^[3]。內容包括爭取性別平等、生育權、墮胎、避孕、離婚、女性的工作權利等，也讓社會開始關注家庭暴力及婚內強姦等社會議題。

第二波女性主義的代表人物有卡蜜兒·帕利亞（英語：Camille Paglia），吉曼·基爾。

歷史

餘波

第二波女性主義的代表人物吉曼·基爾拒絕承認做了「性別手術的男人」是「女人」，而稱其為「變性女人」。這讓她遭受到了大批跨性別主義者的攻擊和抗議。她還指出「變性女人」需要長期服用藥物維持，所以藥企在跨性別運動中獲益頗豐資本，在這場LGBT權利運動中起到了巨大的推動作用。^{[需要解釋]}

參見

參考資料

^ Sarah Gamble, ed. The Routledge companion to feminism and postfeminism (2001) p. 25
^ Badran, Margot, Feminism in Islam: Secular and Religious Convergences (Oxford, Eng.: Oneworld, 2009 p. 227 (
^ Freedman, Marcia, Theorizing Israeli Feminism, 1970–2000, in Misra, Kalpana, & Melanie S. Rich, Jewish Feminism in Israel: Some Contemporary Perspectives (Hanover, N.H.: Univ. Press of New England (Brandeis Univ. Press) 2003 pp. 9–10

延伸閱讀

Boxer, Marilyn J. Jean H. Quataert, and Joan W. Scott, eds. Connecting Spheres: European Women in a Globalizing World, 1500 to the Present (2000),
Cott, Nancy. No Small Courage: A History of Women in the United States (2004)
Freedman, Estelle B. No Turning Back: The History of Feminism and the Future of Women (2003)
MacLean, Nancy. The American Women's Movement, 1945–2000: A Brief History with Documents (2008)
Offen, Karen; Pierson, Ruth Roach; and Rendall, Jane, eds. Writing Women's History: International Perspectives (1991)
Prentice, Alison and Trofimenkoff, Susan Mann, eds. The Neglected Majority: Essays in Canadian Women's History (2 vol 1985)
Ramusack, Barbara N., and Sharon Sievers, eds. Women in Asia: Restoring Women to History (1999)
Rosen, Ruth. The World Split Open: How the Modern Women's Movement Changed America (2nd ed. 2006)
Roth, Benita. Separate Roads to Feminism: Black, Chicana, and White Feminist Movements in America's Second Wave. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
Stansell, Christine. The Feminist Promise: 1792 to the Present (2010)
Thébaud, Françoise. "Writing Women's and Gender History in France: A National Narrative?" Journal of Women's History, Spring 2007, Vol. 19 Issue 1, pp 167–172.
Zophy, Angela Howard, ed. Handbook of American Women's History (2nd ed. 2000)

[1] Sarah Gamble, ed. The Routledge companion to feminism and postfeminism (2001) p. 25

[2] Badran, Margot, Feminism in Islam: Secular and Religious Convergences (Oxford, Eng.: Oneworld, 2009 p. 227 (

[3] Freedman, Marcia, Theorizing Israeli Feminism, 1970–2000, in Misra, Kalpana, & Melanie S. Rich, Jewish Feminism in Israel: Some Contemporary Perspectives (Hanover, N.H.: Univ. Press of New England (Brandeis Univ. Press) 2003 pp. 9–10

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