切罗基级远洋拖船

切罗基级远洋拖船
切罗基级远洋拖船
	美国海军“克里号” (ATF-84) 于 1970 年航行
概观
舰种	远洋拖船
拥有国	美国海军; 美国海岸警卫队; 阿根廷; 智利; 哥伦比亚; 多米尼加; 印度尼西亚; 巴基斯坦; 秘鲁海军; 台湾; 土耳其;
前型	巴加杜斯级远洋拖船
次型	阿布纳基级远洋拖船
年代	1940年至1994年（美国海军）
动工	1938年至1943年
建造数	29艘
技术数据
标准排水量	1,235长吨（1,255公吨）
全长	205英尺（62米）
全宽	38英尺6英寸（11.73米）
吃水	18英尺（5.5米）
动力	柴电，单轴
功率	3,600 hp（2,685 kW）
最高速度	16.5节（30.6千米每小时；19.0英里每小时）
武器装备	1 × 3英寸/50口径火炮; 2 × 双联 40 毫米火炮; 2 × 20 毫米炮;

切罗基级远洋拖船最初称为纳瓦霍级，是在第二次世界大战开始前为美国海军建造的。^[2] 它们与以前的远洋拖船设计截然不同，并且比它们的前辈更能进行远洋航行。这在很大程度上是由于它们的长度为 205 英尺（62 m），横梁长 38 英尺（12 m），并且具有巨大的燃料承载能力。它们也是美国海军第一批配备柴油电力驱动的大型水面舰艇。

前三艘船，纳瓦霍号、塞米诺尔号和切罗基号，于 1938 年至 1940 年间在伯利恒钢铁公司的伯利恒史泰登岛分部建造。纳瓦霍人和塞米诺尔人于1940年加入太平洋舰队，切罗基人则加入大西洋舰队。 1941 年 12 月 7 日，纳瓦霍号从珍珠港飞往圣地亚哥，日本袭击的消息传出后，纳瓦霍号立即调转航线前往珍珠港。在袭击发生后的几天里，她和她的姊妹船塞米诺尔号一样，成为那里打捞行动的关键部分。

该级前两艘舰“纳瓦霍级”和“塞米诺尔级”在第二次世界大战期间损失后，该级舰从战前最初的名称“纳瓦霍级”更名为“切罗基级”，第三艘舰的名称于1939 年命名，至今仍保留在该级舰中。幸存下来。 ^[3]

船舶

Ship name	Hull	Builder	Comm.	Decomm.	Fate/status
<i id="mwTA">Navajo</i>	AT-64	Bethlehem Staten Island	26 Jan 1940	n/a	Sunk, 12 September 1943
<i id="mwVg">Seminole</i>	AT-65		8 Mar 1940	n/a	Sunk, 25 October 1942
<i id="mwXg">Cherokee</i>	AT-66		26 Apr 1940	29 Jun 1946	Transferred to United States Coast Guard; sunk as a target, 1992
<i id="mwZw">Apache</i>	AT-67	Charleston Shipbuilding and Drydock Company	12 Dec 1942	27 Feb 1974	Transferred to Taiwan, 1 June 1974; stranded in action 1985; after rebuild currently active (only the bridge and the mast are retrieved)
<i id="mwcg">Arapaho</i>	AT-68		20 Jan 1943	15 Jan 1947	Transferred to Argentina, 1961; wrecked 10 January 1976
<i id="mwew">Chippewa</i>	AT-69		14 Feb 1943	26 Feb 1947	Sunk as an artificial reef, 8 February 1990
<i id="mwgw">Choctaw</i>	AT-70		21 Apr 1943	11 Mar 1947	Transferred, to Colombia, 1 March 1978; fate unknown
<i id="mwjA">Hopi</i>	AT-71		31 Mar 1943	9 Dec 1955	joined the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. turned over to the Maritime Administration 27 March 1962 and moved to the National Defense Reserve Fleet, James River, Va., where she remains, following permanent transfer to the Maritime Administration 1 July 1963, into 1967.
<i id="mwlA">Kiowa</i>	AT-72		7 Jun 1943	n/a	Sold to Dominican Republic, 1972; sold for scrap, 12 December 1994
<i id="mwnQ">Menominee</i>	AT-73	United Engineering Company	25 Sep 1942	15 Nov 1946	Transferred to Indonesia, 26 January 1961; sunk as a target in 2004^[4]
<i id="mwqg">Pawnee</i>	AT-74		7 Nov 1942	Jan 1947	Sold for scrap, 9 November 1971
<i id="mwsg">Sioux</i>	AT-75		6 Dec 1942	15 Aug 1973	Transferred to Turkey, 15 August 1973; active as of 2019
<i id="mwuw">Ute</i>	AT-76		13 Dec 1942	30 Aug 1974	Sunk as a target, 4 August 1991
	AT-77 AT-78 AT-79 AT-80	cancelled
<i id="mwyQ">Bannock</i>	AT-81	Charleston Shipbuilding and Drydock Company	28 Jun 1942	25 Nov 1955	Sold for scrap, late 1950s
<i id="mw0w">Carib</i>	AT-82	Charleston Shipbuilding and Drydock Company	24 Jul 1943	24 Jan 1947	Transferred to Colombia, 14 February 1978; sunk as a target, June 2007
<i id="mw3A">Chickasaw</i>	AT-83	United Engineering Company	4 Feb 1943	30 Jun 1965	Transferred to Taiwan, 1 May 1976; decommissioned, 16 Jul 1999
<i id="mw5w">Cree</i>	AT-84		28 Mar 1943	n/a	Sunk as a target, 27 August 1978
<i id="mw7w">Lipan</i>	AT-85		29 Apr 1943	31 Mar 1988	Sunk as a target, 22 January 1990
<i id="mw9w">Mataco</i>	AT-86		29 May 1943	1 Oct 1977	Sold for scrap, 1 April 1979
<i id="mw_w">Moreno</i>	AT-87	Cramp Shipbuilding	30 Nov 1942	18 Aug 1946	Sunk as a target, 6 October 1988
<i id="mwAQk">Narragansett</i>	AT-88		15 Jan 1943	21 Dec 1946	Transferred to Taiwan, 20 June 1991; decommissioned, 1 October 2021
<i id="mwARI">Nauset</i>	AT-89		2 Mar 1943	n/a	Sunk, 9 September 1943
<i id="mwARo">Pinto</i>	AT-90		1 Apr 1943	11 Jul 1946	Transferred to Peru, 1 May 1974; active as of 2019
<i id="mwASI">Seneca</i>	AT-91		30 Apr 1943	Jul 1971	Sunk as a target, 21 July 2003
<i id="mwASo">Tawasa</i>	AT-92	Commercial Iron Works	17 Jul 1943	31 Mar 1975	Sold for scrap, 1 August 1976
<i id="mwATQ">Tekesta</i>	AT-93		16 Aug 1943	14 Apr 1950	Transferred to Chile, May 1960; Sunk as a target, 5 July 1999
<i id="mwAT0">Yuma</i>	AT-94		31 Aug 1943	11 Nov 1955	Transferred to Pakistan, 25 March 1959; decommissioned in 1993; fate unknown after.
<i id="mwAUU">Zuni</i>	AT-95		9 Oct 1943	1 Feb 1994	Sunk as an artificial reef, 10 May 2017
<i id="mwAU4">Chilula</i>*	AT-153	Charleston Shipbuilding and Drydock Company	5 Apr 1945	19 Jun 1991	Sunk as a target, 1997

(*)注：从 AT-95 到 AT-153 的编号差距的原因尚不清楚。

参考船只

Sotoyomo tugboat
Type V ship – Tugs
List of auxiliaries of the United States Navy

参考

本条目包含来自属于公共领域的美国海军军舰辞典（英语：Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships）的文本。

^ "Huge Diesel Electric Tugs Attend Fleet At Sea" Popular Mechanics, December 1940
^ Navajo class. Uboat.net. [22 July 2015].
^ Polmar, Norman. The Naval Institute Guide To The Ships And Aircraft Of The U.S. Fleet 18th. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute. 2005: 282. ISBN 978-1591146858.
^ KRI Nanggala-402, Submarine Purchased 1982 From Germany, Most Senior In Indonesian Navy. VOI – Waktunya Merevolusi Pemberitaan. 21 Apr 2021.

[1] "Huge Diesel Electric Tugs Attend Fleet At Sea" Popular Mechanics, December 1940

[uboat-2] Navajo class. Uboat.net. [22 July 2015].

[3] Polmar, Norman. The Naval Institute Guide To The Ships And Aircraft Of The U.S. Fleet 18th. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute. 2005: 282. ISBN 978-1591146858.

[4] KRI Nanggala-402, Submarine Purchased 1982 From Germany, Most Senior In Indonesian Navy. VOI – Waktunya Merevolusi Pemberitaan. 21 Apr 2021.

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