自发演替
外观
自力演替(英语:autogenic succession)是指由生态系统内的生物因素驱动的演替,虽然自力演替的机制长期以来一直存在争议,但人们很早就意识到了生物演替过程中起到的作用。[1][2][3]目前,学界主流的共识是促进、耐受和抑制机制都对自力演替有作用。[4]演替的概念通常与植被和森林群落相关,但它也适用于更广泛的生态系统。与此相反的概念是外力演替,它是指由生态系统的非生物因子驱动的演替。[5]
作用机制
植物本身(生物组分)可以导致演替发生。
- 叶片捕捉日光
- 碎屑的产生
- 水分和养分吸收
- 固氮
- 人为气候变化
职群之变化,由生物本身之作用所产生者,称为自力演替,而自力演替属于初级演替,包括生态系中生物、土壤及微气候之变迁。[6]
促进
- 改善场地因素,如增加有机质
抑制
- 阻碍物种或生长
参考文献
- ^ Cowles, Henry Chandler (1899). "The Ecological Relations of the Vegetation on the Sand Dunes of Lake Michigan. Part I.-Geographical Relations of the Dune Floras". Botanical Gazette. 27 (2): 95–117. ISSN 0006-8071.
- ^ Cowles, Henry C. (1911). "The Causes of Vegetational Cycles". Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 1: 3–20. doi:10.2307/2560843. ISSN 0004-5608.
- ^ Finegan, Bryan (1984). "Forest succession". Nature. 312 (5990): 109–114. doi:10.1038/312109a0. ISSN 1476-4687
- ^ Connell, Joseph H.; Slatyer, Ralph O. (1977). "Mechanisms of Succession in Natural Communities and Their Role in Community Stability and Organization". The American Naturalist. 111 (982): 1119–1144. ISSN 0003-0147.
- ^ Martin, Elizabeth; Hine, Robert. Succession. A Dictionary of Biology 6th. Oxford University Press. 2008 [12 January 2011]. ISBN 978-0-19-920462-5.
- ^ Archived copy. (原始内容存档于20 October 2008).