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{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Taxobox
{{Speciesbox
| image = Red-eared_Parakeet.jpg
| image =
| status = LC
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref>{{IUCN|id=22685873 |title=''Pyrrhura hoematotis'' |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}}</ref>
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=Red-eared Parakeet ''Pyrrhura hoematotis'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22685873A93090577 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22685873A93090577.en |access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref>
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| status2 = CITES_A2
| status2_system = CITES
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| status2_ref = <ref name =CITES>{{Cite web|title=Appendices {{!}} CITES|url=https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php|access-date=4 March 2023|website=cites.org}}</ref>
| classis = [[Aves]]
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| taxon = Pyrrhura hoematotis
| ordo = [[Psittaciformes]]
⚫
| authority = [[Charles de Souancé|Souancé]], 1857
| superfamilia = [[true parrots|Psittacoidea]]
⚫
| synonyms =
| familia = [[Psittacidae]]
| range_map = Pyrrhura hoematotis map.svg
| subfamilia = [[Neotropical parrot|Arinae]]
}}
| tribus = [[Arini (tribe)|Arini]]
| genus = ''[[Pyrrhura]]''
| species = '''''P. hoematotis'''''
⚫
| binomial = ''Pyrrhura hoematotis''
⚫
| binomial_authority = [[Charles de Souancé|Souancé]], 1857
⚫
| synonyms = }}
The '''blood-eared parakeet''' (''Pyrrhura hoematotis'') or '''red-eared parakeet''' is a species of [[parrot]] in the family [[Psittacidae]].
It is [[endemic]] to [[Venezuela]].<ref name="GuedesScherer2008">{{cite journal|last1=Guedes|first1=Neiva M. Robaldo|last2=Scherer|first2=Pedro Neto|last3=Carciofi|first3=Aulus Cavalieri|last4=Werther|first4=Karin|last5=Biasia|first5=Iara|last6=Giovanardi|first6=Attilio A.|last7=Cavalheiro|first7=Maria de Lourdes|title=Order Psittaciformes (Parrots, Macaws, Conures)|year=2008|pages=146–173|doi=10.1002/9780470376980.ch17}}</ref>


The '''blood-eared parakeet''' ('''''Pyrrhura hoematotis'''''), also known as the '''red-eared parakeet''' and in [[aviculture]] as the '''red-eared conure''', is a species of bird in subfamily [[Arinae]] of the family [[Psittacidae]], the African and New World parrots. It is [[endemic]] to [[Venezuela]].<ref name=IOC13.1>{{cite web |url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/parrots/ |title=Parrots, cockatoos |website=IOC World Bird List |version =v 13.1 |editor-last1=Gill |editor-first1= F. |editor-last2=Donsker|editor-first2=D.|editor-last3=Rasmussen |editor-first3=P. |date=January 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 }}</ref>
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== Description ==
it is mostly green but has a scarlet cap and blood coloured ears which how it gets its name.


==Taxonomy and systematics==
== Habitat ==
Its natural [[habitat]]s are subtropical or tropical moist [[montane forest]]s and heavily degraded former forest.


The blood-eared parakeet has two subspecies, the [[Nominate subspecies|nominate]] ''P. h. hoematotis'' ([[Charles de Souancé|Souancé]], 1857) and ''P. h. immarginata'' ([[John T. Zimmer|Zimmer]] & [[William H. Phelps Sr.|W.H. Phelps]], 1944).<ref name=IOC13.1/>
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==References==
{{Reflist}}


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==Description==
{{DEFAULTSORT:Blood-Eared Parakeet}}

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[[Category:Birds of Venezuela]]
The blood-eared parakeet is about {{convert|25|cm|in|abbr=on}} long and weighs {{convert|64|to|74|g|oz|abbr=on}}. The sexes are the same. Adults of the nominate subspecies are slaty gray from forehead to mid-crown, with bare white skin around the eye and bright terracotta [[Glossary_of_bird_terms#ear-coverts|ear coverts]] that give it its English name. Their nape feathers are green with yellow edges and the rest of their upperparts are green. Their throat, the sides of their neck, and their upper breast are yellow-green with grayish feather edges giving a scaly appearance. The rest of their underparts are green with some reddish brown on the belly and bluish green undertail [[Covert feather|coverts]]. Their wing is mostly green with blue [[Primaries (birds)|primaries]]. Their tail's upperside is brownish red with green feather tips; its underside is coppery. Subspecies ''P. h. immarginata'' has a green crown and nape and reduced scaling on the sides of the neck.<ref name=REPA-BOW>Collar, N., P. F. D. Boesman, and C. J. Sharpe (2020). Red-eared Parakeet (''Pyrrhura hoematotis''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.reepar1.01 retrieved March 13, 2023</ref>
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[[Category:Pyrrhura]]

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[[Category:Birds described in 1857]]
==Distribution and habitat==

The nominate subspecies of the blood-eared parakeet is found in the [[Venezuelan Coastal Range]] between the states of [[Aragua]] and [[Miranda (state)|Miranda]]. ''P. h. immarginata'' is found in the Andes of southeastern [[Lara (state)|Lara]] state. The species inhabits the interior and edges of [[cloudforest]] and [[secondary forest]], wooded savanna, and clearings with scattered trees. In elevation it mostly occurs between {{convert|1000|and|2000|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=REPA-BOW/>

==Behavior==
===Movement===

In the dry season some blood-eared parakeets move into lower elevation [[semi-deciduous]] forest.

===Feeding===

The blood-eared parakeet typically forages in small flocks in the forest canopy. Its diet includes fruits, seeds, flowers, and possibly insect larvae.<ref name=REPA-BOW/><ref>Buitrón-Jurado, G. and Sanz, V. (2016). Notes on the diet of the endemic Red-eared Parakeet ''Pyrrhura hoematotis'' and other Venezuelan montane parrots. Ardeola. 63(2): 357-367</ref>

===Breeding===

The blood-eared parakeet nests in the wet season centering in August; nothing else is known about its breeding biology.<ref name=REPA-BOW/>

{{birdsong|url=https://xeno-canto.org/species/Pyrrhura-hoematotis |species=blood-eared parakeet}}
===Vocalization===

The blood-eared parakeet's most common call is "a series of harsh notes, e.g. “krree krree krree” " that is given both from a perch and in flight. Perched birds also call with single "kurree", "kurruk", or "krreekuk" notes, though perched birds are often silent. Flocks in flight "call frequently and simultaneously, producing a noisy, harsh chattering."<ref name=REPA-BOW/>

==Status==

The [[IUCN]] has assessed the blood-eared parakeet as being of Least Concern, though it has a small range and a population of unknown size that is believed to be decreasing. No immediate threats have been identified.<ref name=IUCN/> It occurs in several well-protected areas. However, "due to its small range and apparently declining population, this species may be of conservation concern; population estimates are urgently needed."<ref name=REPA-BOW/>

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==References==
{{reflist}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q533055}}


[[Category:Pyrrhura|blood-eared parakeet]]
{{parrot-stub}}
[[Category:Birds of the Venezuelan Coastal Range]]
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[[Category:Endemic birds of Venezuela]]
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[[Category:Birds described in 1857|blood-eared parakeet]]
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[[Category:Parakeets]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Charles de Souancé|blood-eared parakeet]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]

Latest revision as of 00:47, 3 November 2023

Blood-eared parakeet
CITES Appendix II (CITES)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Psittacidae
Genus: Pyrrhura
Species:
P. hoematotis
Binomial name
Pyrrhura hoematotis
Souancé, 1857

The blood-eared parakeet (Pyrrhura hoematotis), also known as the red-eared parakeet and in aviculture as the red-eared conure, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to Venezuela.[3]

Taxonomy and systematics

[edit]

The blood-eared parakeet has two subspecies, the nominate P. h. hoematotis (Souancé, 1857) and P. h. immarginata (Zimmer & W.H. Phelps, 1944).[3]

Description

[edit]

The blood-eared parakeet is about 25 cm (9.8 in) long and weighs 64 to 74 g (2.3 to 2.6 oz). The sexes are the same. Adults of the nominate subspecies are slaty gray from forehead to mid-crown, with bare white skin around the eye and bright terracotta ear coverts that give it its English name. Their nape feathers are green with yellow edges and the rest of their upperparts are green. Their throat, the sides of their neck, and their upper breast are yellow-green with grayish feather edges giving a scaly appearance. The rest of their underparts are green with some reddish brown on the belly and bluish green undertail coverts. Their wing is mostly green with blue primaries. Their tail's upperside is brownish red with green feather tips; its underside is coppery. Subspecies P. h. immarginata has a green crown and nape and reduced scaling on the sides of the neck.[4]

Distribution and habitat

[edit]

The nominate subspecies of the blood-eared parakeet is found in the Venezuelan Coastal Range between the states of Aragua and Miranda. P. h. immarginata is found in the Andes of southeastern Lara state. The species inhabits the interior and edges of cloudforest and secondary forest, wooded savanna, and clearings with scattered trees. In elevation it mostly occurs between 1,000 and 2,000 m (3,300 and 6,600 ft).[4]

Behavior

[edit]

Movement

[edit]

In the dry season some blood-eared parakeets move into lower elevation semi-deciduous forest.

Feeding

[edit]

The blood-eared parakeet typically forages in small flocks in the forest canopy. Its diet includes fruits, seeds, flowers, and possibly insect larvae.[4][5]

Breeding

[edit]

The blood-eared parakeet nests in the wet season centering in August; nothing else is known about its breeding biology.[4]

Dickcissel male perched on a metal pole singing, with neck stretched and beak open.

Songs and calls
Listen to blood-eared parakeet on xeno-canto

Vocalization

[edit]

The blood-eared parakeet's most common call is "a series of harsh notes, e.g. “krree krree krree” " that is given both from a perch and in flight. Perched birds also call with single "kurree", "kurruk", or "krreekuk" notes, though perched birds are often silent. Flocks in flight "call frequently and simultaneously, producing a noisy, harsh chattering."[4]

Status

[edit]

The IUCN has assessed the blood-eared parakeet as being of Least Concern, though it has a small range and a population of unknown size that is believed to be decreasing. No immediate threats have been identified.[1] It occurs in several well-protected areas. However, "due to its small range and apparently declining population, this species may be of conservation concern; population estimates are urgently needed."[4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b BirdLife International (2016). "Red-eared Parakeet Pyrrhura hoematotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22685873A93090577. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22685873A93090577.en. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
  2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
  3. ^ a b Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (January 2023). "Parrots, cockatoos". IOC World Bird List. v 13.1. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Collar, N., P. F. D. Boesman, and C. J. Sharpe (2020). Red-eared Parakeet (Pyrrhura hoematotis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.reepar1.01 retrieved March 13, 2023
  5. ^ Buitrón-Jurado, G. and Sanz, V. (2016). Notes on the diet of the endemic Red-eared Parakeet Pyrrhura hoematotis and other Venezuelan montane parrots. Ardeola. 63(2): 357-367
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