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{{short description|Species of bird}}
{{Taxobox
{{Speciesbox
| name = Crested bobwhite
| name = Crested bobwhite
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| image = Colinus cristatus -Curacao, Netherlands Antilles-8a.jpg
⚫
| image_caption = On [[Curaçao]], Netherlands Antilles
| status = LC
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{IUCN|id=45093141 |title=''Colinus cristatus'' |assessors=[[BirdLife International]] |version=2013.2 |year=2014 |accessdate=6 August 2015}}</ref>
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2018 |title=''Colinus cristatus'' |volume=2018 |page=e.T45093141A132037999 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T45093141A132037999.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
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| genus = Colinus
⚫
| image = Colinus cristatus -Curacao, Netherlands Antilles-8a.jpg
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| species = cristatus
⚫
| image_caption=On [[Curaçao]], Netherlands Antilles
⚫
| authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1766)
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| synonyms = * ''Tetrao cristatus'' {{small|Linnaeus,&nbsp;1766}}
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
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| range_map = Colinus cristatus map.svg
| classis = [[Aves]]
}}
| ordo = [[Galliformes]]
{{birdsong|url=https://xeno-canto.org/species/Colinus-cristatus|species=Crested Bobwhite}}
| familia = [[Odontophoridae]]
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| genus = ''[[Colinus]]''
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| species = ''C. cristatus''
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| binomial = ''Colinus cristatus''
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| binomial_authority = ([[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1766)
| synonyms = }}


The '''crested bobwhite''' (''Colinus cristatus'') is a species of [[bird]] in the [[Odontophoridae]] family. It is found in northern [[South America]], extending through [[Panama]] to just reach [[Costa Rica]]. It also occurs on [[Aruba]] and the [[Netherlands Antilles]]. Its natural [[habitat]]s are subtropical or tropical dry [[shrubland]], subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland [[grassland]], and heavily degraded former forest.
The '''crested bobwhite''' ('''''Colinus cristatus''''') is a species of [[bird]] in the family [[Odontophoridae]]. It is found in northern [[South America]], extending through [[Panama]] to just reach [[Costa Rica]]. It also occurs on [[Aruba]] and the [[Netherlands Antilles]]. Its natural [[habitat]]s are subtropical or tropical dry [[shrubland]], subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland [[grassland]], and heavily degraded former forest.


==Description==
==Description==
[[File:Colinus cristatus.jpg|left|thumb|Painting]]
[[File:Colinus cristatus.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Painting]]
Adult crested bobwhite are about {{convert|178|to|216|mm|in|1}} long. The sexes are very similar in appearance. The long feathers on the fore-head and crown are pale buff or white, and the crest feathers may be dark. The back and sides of the neck are marbled in black and white and the throat is white or buff, sometimes spotted with black. The upper parts are mottled black, brown and grey. The underparts are pale, with buff, cinnamon and black markings. The eye is brown, the beak black and the legs bluish-grey. The female is slightly browner than the male.<ref name="Blake1977">{{cite book|author=Emmet Reid Blake|title=Manual of Neotropical Birds|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=YP0AX3LW8jYC&pg=PA447 |date=1 July 1977 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-05641-8 |page=447}}</ref>
Adult crested bobwhite are about {{convert|178|to|216|mm|in|1}} long. The sexes are very similar in appearance. The long feathers on the fore-head and crown are pale buff or white, and the crest feathers may be dark. The back and sides of the neck are marbled in black and white and the throat is white or buff, sometimes spotted with black. The upper parts are mottled black, brown and grey. The underparts are pale, with buff, cinnamon and black markings. The eye is brown, the beak black and the legs bluish-grey. The female is slightly browner than the male.<ref name="Blake1977">{{cite book|author=Emmet Reid Blake|title=Manual of Neotropical Birds|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YP0AX3LW8jYC&pg=PA447 |date=1 July 1977 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-05641-8 |page=447}}</ref>


==Behaviour==
==Behaviour==
The crested bobwhite occurs in small groups on the ground in or near thick cover and its behaviour is rather similar to that of the [[northern bobwhite]] (''Colinus virginianus''). The diet consists of buds, shoots, leaves and small invertebrates. The male's call, heard in the breeding season, is distinctive; a fast, husky, three-syllable "quoit bob-white" or a two-syllable "oh, wheet".<ref>{{cite book|author1=Robert S. Ridgely|author2=John A. Gwynne|title=A Guide to the Birds of Panama: With Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=H9INVOMUgOAC&pg=PA118 |date=June 1992 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=0-691-02512-6 |page=118}}</ref>
The crested bobwhite occurs in small groups on the ground in or near thick cover and its behaviour is rather similar to that of the [[northern bobwhite]] (''Colinus virginianus''). The diet consists of buds, shoots, leaves and small invertebrates. The male's call, heard in the breeding season, is distinctive; a fast, husky, three-syllable "quoit bob-white" or a two-syllable "oh, wheet".<ref>{{cite book|author1=Robert S. Ridgely|author2=John A. Gwynne|title=A Guide to the Birds of Panama: With Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H9INVOMUgOAC&pg=PA118 |date=June 1992 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=0-691-02512-6 |page=118}}</ref>


==Status==
==Status==
The crested bobwhite has a very wide range and is common in much of that range. The population seems to be on the increase and the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] has assessed its conservation status as being of "[[Least-concern species|least concern]]".<ref name=iucn/>
The crested bobwhite has a very wide range and is common in much of that range. The population seems to be on the increase and the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] has assessed its conservation status as being of "[[Least-concern species|least concern]]".<ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021" />

==Subspecies==
* ''C. c. mariae'' Wetmore 1962 (Tres Marias crested bobwhite)
* ''C. c. panamensis'' Dickey & van Rossem 1930 (Panamanian crested quail)
* ''C. c. decoratus'' (Todd 1917) (Magdalena crested bobwhite)
* ''C. c. littoralis'' (Todd 1917) (littoral crested bobwhite)
* ''C. c. cristatus'' (Linnaeus, 1766)
* ''C. c. horvathi'' (Madarász 1904) (Horvath's crested bobwhite)
* ''C. c. barnesi'' Gilliard 1940 (Barnes' crested bobwhite)
* ''C. c. sonnini'' (Temminck 1815) (Sonnini's crested bobwhite)
* ''C. c. mocquerysi'' (Hartert 1894) (Mocquerys's/Cumana crested bobwhite)
* ''C. c. leucotis'' (Gould 1844) (white-eared crested bobwhite)
* ''C. c. badius'' Conover 1938 (Cauca Valley crested bobwhite)
* ''C. c. bogotensis'' Dugand 1943 (Bogotá crested bobwhite)
* ''C. c. parvicristatus'' (Gould 1843) (short-crested bobwhite)


==References==
==References==
{{Commons category|Colinus cristatus}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q961494}}
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[[Category:Colinus]]

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[[Category:Birds of Aruba|Bobwhite, Crested]]
[[Category:Birds of Costa Rica|Bobwhite, Crested]]
[[Category:Colinus|crested bobwhite]]
[[Category:Birds of Panama|Bobwhite, Crested]]
[[Category:Birds of Panama]]
[[Category:Animals described in 1766]]
[[Category:Birds of Colombia]]
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[[Category:Birds of Venezuela]]
[[Category:Birds of the Netherlands Antilles]]
[[Category:Birds of the Guiana Shield]]
[[Category:Birds described in 1766|crested bobwhite]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
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[[Category:Birds of the Caribbean]]

Latest revision as of 16:11, 18 September 2024

Crested bobwhite
On Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Galliformes
Family: Odontophoridae
Genus: Colinus
Species:
C. cristatus
Binomial name
Colinus cristatus
(Linnaeus, 1766)
Synonyms
  • Tetrao cristatus Linnaeus, 1766

Dickcissel male perched on a metal pole singing, with neck stretched and beak open.

Songs and calls
Listen to Crested Bobwhite on xeno-canto

The crested bobwhite (Colinus cristatus) is a species of bird in the family Odontophoridae. It is found in northern South America, extending through Panama to just reach Costa Rica. It also occurs on Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, and heavily degraded former forest.

Description

[edit]
Painting

Adult crested bobwhite are about 178 to 216 millimetres (7.0 to 8.5 in) long. The sexes are very similar in appearance. The long feathers on the fore-head and crown are pale buff or white, and the crest feathers may be dark. The back and sides of the neck are marbled in black and white and the throat is white or buff, sometimes spotted with black. The upper parts are mottled black, brown and grey. The underparts are pale, with buff, cinnamon and black markings. The eye is brown, the beak black and the legs bluish-grey. The female is slightly browner than the male.[2]

Behaviour

[edit]

The crested bobwhite occurs in small groups on the ground in or near thick cover and its behaviour is rather similar to that of the northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). The diet consists of buds, shoots, leaves and small invertebrates. The male's call, heard in the breeding season, is distinctive; a fast, husky, three-syllable "quoit bob-white" or a two-syllable "oh, wheet".[3]

Status

[edit]

The crested bobwhite has a very wide range and is common in much of that range. The population seems to be on the increase and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern".[1]

Subspecies

[edit]
  • C. c. mariae Wetmore 1962 (Tres Marias crested bobwhite)
  • C. c. panamensis Dickey & van Rossem 1930 (Panamanian crested quail)
  • C. c. decoratus (Todd 1917) (Magdalena crested bobwhite)
  • C. c. littoralis (Todd 1917) (littoral crested bobwhite)
  • C. c. cristatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
  • C. c. horvathi (Madarász 1904) (Horvath's crested bobwhite)
  • C. c. barnesi Gilliard 1940 (Barnes' crested bobwhite)
  • C. c. sonnini (Temminck 1815) (Sonnini's crested bobwhite)
  • C. c. mocquerysi (Hartert 1894) (Mocquerys's/Cumana crested bobwhite)
  • C. c. leucotis (Gould 1844) (white-eared crested bobwhite)
  • C. c. badius Conover 1938 (Cauca Valley crested bobwhite)
  • C. c. bogotensis Dugand 1943 (Bogotá crested bobwhite)
  • C. c. parvicristatus (Gould 1843) (short-crested bobwhite)

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Colinus cristatus.
  1. ^ a b BirdLife International (2018). "Colinus cristatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T45093141A132037999. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T45093141A132037999.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ Emmet Reid Blake (1 July 1977). Manual of Neotropical Birds. University of Chicago Press. p. 447. ISBN 978-0-226-05641-8.
  3. ^ Robert S. Ridgely; John A. Gwynne (June 1992). A Guide to the Birds of Panama: With Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras. Princeton University Press. p. 118. ISBN 0-691-02512-6.
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