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{{Short description|Panamanian politician}}
{{Short description|President of Panama (1985-1988)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{family name hatnote|Delvalle|Cohen-Henríquez|lang=Spanish}}
{{family name hatnote|Delvalle|Cohen-Henríquez|lang=Spanish}}
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|name = Eric Arturo Delvalle
|name = Eric Arturo Delvalle
|image = Eric Arturo Delvalle.png
|image = Eric Arturo Delvalle.png
|caption = Delvalle in 1988.
|order = [[President of Panama]]
|order = [[President of Panama]]
|term_start =28 September 1985
|term_start = 28 September 1985
|term_end = 26 February 1988
|term_end = 26 February 1988
|vicepresident = [[Roderick Esquivel]]
|vicepresident =
*[[Roderick Esquivel]] {{small|(1985-1988)}}
|predecessor = [[Nicolás Ardito Barletta]]
|predecessor = [[Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino]]
|successor = [[Manuel Solis Palma]]
|successor = [[Manuel Solís Palma]]
|order2 = [[First Vice President of Panama]]
|order2 = [[First Vice President of Panama]]
|term_start2 = 11 October 1984
|term_start2 = 11 October 1984
|term_end2 = 28 September 1985
|term_end2 = 27 September 1985
|predecessor2 = [[Carlos Ozores]]
|predecessor2 = [[Carlos Ozores]]
|successor2 = [[Roderick Esquivel]]
|successor2 = Roderick Esquivel
|birth_name = Eric Arturo Delvalle Cohen-Henríquez
|birth_name = Eric Arturo Delvalle Cohen-Henríquez
|birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1937|2|2}}
|birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1937|2|2}}
|birth_place = [[Panama City]], Panama
|birth_place = [[Panama City]], Panama
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2015|10|2|1937|2|2}}
|death_date = {{death date and age|2015|10|2|1937|2|2|df=y}}
|death_place = [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio]], U.S.
|death_place = [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio]], U.S.
|nationality =
|nationality =
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'''Eric Arturo Delvalle Cohen-Henríquez''' (2 February 1937 – 2 October 2015) was a Panamanian politician. He served as [[Vice President of Panama|Vice President]] under [[Nicolás Ardito Barletta]]. Following [[1984 Panamanian presidential election|the disputed 1984 election]], and after Barletta's forced resignation, Delvalle served as [[President of Panama]] from 28 September 1985 until 26 February 1988.
'''Eric Arturo Delvalle Cohen-Henríquez''' (2 February 1937 – 2 October 2015) was a Panamanian politician. He served as [[Vice President of Panama|Vice President]] under [[Nicolás Ardito Barletta]]. Following [[1984 Panamanian presidential election|the disputed 1984 election]], and after Barletta's forced resignation, Delvalle served as [[President of Panama]] from 28 September 1985 until 26 February 1988.


In 1988, he attempted to remove [[Manuel Noriega]] as head of the armed forces, but was himself deposed by the [[National Assembly of Panama|Legislative Assembly]], going into hiding and eventually exile.
In 1988, he attempted to remove [[Manuel Noriega]] as head of the armed forces but was himself deposed by the [[National Assembly of Panama|Legislative Assembly]], going into hiding and eventually exile.


==Background==
==Background==
Delvalle was born in [[Panama City]].<ref>{{cite book |year=1955 |title=[[Louisiana State University#Publications|Gumbo Yearbook]] |publisher=[[Louisiana State University]] |location=[[Baton Rouge, Louisiana]] |id=LD3118 .G8 1954 }}</ref> His brother Raúl is a former member of the National Assembly (1984–1989). His uncle [[Max Delvalle]] was the first [[Jew]]ish president in Latin America (both were members of [[Kol Shearit Israel Synagogue]]).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldjewishcongress.org/publications/wjcreport/05fall/atw_p24.html |title=Panama: Stability In The Cradle Of Transience |access-date=10 December 2008 |year=2005 |publisher=World Jewish Congress}}</ref> He belonged to the [[Republican Party (Panama)|Republican Party]] founded by his family.
Delvalle was born in [[Panama City]].<ref>{{cite book |year=1955 |title=[[Louisiana State University#Publications|Gumbo Yearbook]] |publisher=[[Louisiana State University]] |location=[[Baton Rouge, Louisiana]] |id=LD3118 .G8 1954 }}</ref> His brother Raúl is a former member of the National Assembly (1984–1989). His uncle [[Max Delvalle]] was the first [[Jew]]ish president in Latin America (both were members of [[Kol Shearit Israel Synagogue]]).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldjewishcongress.org/publications/wjcreport/05fall/atw_p24.html |title=Panama: Stability In The Cradle Of Transience |access-date=10 December 2008 |year=2005 |publisher=World Jewish Congress}}</ref> He belonged to the [[Republican Party (Panama)|Republican Party]] founded by his family.


==Presidency==
==Presidency (1985-1988)==
Delvalle was elected as [[Nicolás Ardito Barletta]]'s [[Vice President of Panama|Vice President]] in [[1984 Panamanian presidential election|the disputed 1984 election]], and after Barletta's forced resignation he served as [[President of Panama]] from 28 September 1985 to 26 February 1988. Delvalle's presidency occurred during [[Manuel Noriega]]'s ''de facto'' military rule of the country, and he was a loyal ally of Noriega for much of his administration.
Delvalle was elected as [[Nicolás Ardito Barletta]]'s [[Vice President of Panama|Vice President]] in [[1984 Panamanian presidential election|the disputed 1984 election]], and after Barletta's forced resignation he served as [[President of Panama]] from 28 September 1985 to 26 February 1988. Delvalle's presidency occurred during [[Manuel Noriega]]'s ''de facto'' military rule of the country, and he was a loyal ally of Noriega for much of his administration.


In 1986, US Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs [[Elliot Abrams]] openly called on the Panamanian military to overthrow Noriega and suggested that it could lead to the restoration of military aid. The Delvalle government protested, filing a complaint with the [[Organization of American States]]; sixteen Latin American states joined Panama in condemning the US statement.{{sfn|Harding|2006|p=106}}
In 1986, US Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs [[Elliot Abrams]] openly called on the Panamanian military to overthrow Noriega and suggested that it could lead to the restoration of military aid. The Delvalle government protested, filing a complaint with the [[Organization of American States]]; sixteen Latin American states joined Panama in condemning the US statement.{{sfn|Harding|2006|p=106}}


After Noriega's indictment on 4 February 1988 by the US [[Drug Enforcement Administration]], Delvalle unsuccessfully attempted to remove Noriega from his formal post as head of the [[Military of Panama#The Panamanian Defense Forces|Panamanian Defense Forces]]. Instead, Noriega's allies in the [[National Assembly of Panama|Legislative Assembly]] voted on 22 February to oust Delvalle as president, appointing Education Minister [[Manuel Solis Palma]] in his place.<ref name=Antizzo />{{sfn|Harding|2006|p=108}} Delvalle then went into hiding with the help of the American government.<ref name=Antizzo /> Though initially stating that he intended to remain in Panama,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1242285.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225054541/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1242285.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 February 2016 |title=Panama's President In Hiding; Delvalle Flees Home As Military Orders His Expulsion |author=William Branigan |date=28 February 1988 |work=Washington Post |publisher={{Subscription required|via=[[HighBeam Research]]}}|access-date=30 September 2012}}</ref> Delvalle soon went into the exile in the US.{{sfn|Harding|2006|p=108}} The administration of US President [[Ronald Reagan]] refused to recognize the legitimacy of Delvalle's successors and continued to officially support the legitimacy of Delvalle's presidency until his term's official ending in late 1989.<ref name=Antizzo>{{cite book|author=Glenn J. Antizzo|title=U.S. military intervention in the post-Cold War era : how to win America's wars in the twenty-first century|url=https://archive.org/details/usmilitaryinterv00anti|url-access=limited|year=2010|publisher=Louisiana State University Press|location=Baton Rouge|isbn=978-0-8071-3642-3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/usmilitaryinterv00anti/page/n57 43]}}</ref>
After Noriega's indictment on 4 February 1988 by the US [[Drug Enforcement Administration]], Delvalle unsuccessfully attempted to remove Noriega from his formal post as head of the [[Military of Panama#The Panamanian Defense Forces|Panamanian Defense Forces]]. Instead, Noriega's allies in the [[National Assembly of Panama|Legislative Assembly]] voted on 22 February to oust Delvalle as president, appointing Education Minister [[Manuel Solis Palma]] in his place.<ref name=Antizzo />{{sfn|Harding|2006|p=108}} Though initially stating that he intended to remain in Panama,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1242285.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225054541/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1242285.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 February 2016 |title=Panama's President In Hiding; Delvalle Flees Home As Military Orders His Expulsion |author=William Branigan |date=28 February 1988 |newspaper=Washington Post|access-date=30 September 2012}}</ref> Delvalle then went into hiding with the help of the American government.<ref name=Antizzo />
Before his declaration against Noriega, Delvalle first made sure that his extended family was safe in the US embassy compound in Panama City. Delvalle did not warn his colleagues about what he was about to do, which placed them and their families at great risk of retribution from Noriega. With help from dissidents, led by [[Kurt Muse]], Second Vice President [[Roderick Esquival]] was able to get his family belatedly into protection at the US embassy, but Esquival chose to stay behind in Panama to continue to lead resistance efforts against Noriega.<ref>[[John Gilstrap|Gilstrap, John]], "Six Minutes to Freedom", Citadel Press, 2012</ref>
Delvalle soon went into exile in the US.{{sfn|Harding|2006|p=108}} The administration of US President [[Ronald Reagan]] refused to recognize the legitimacy of Delvalle's successors and continued to officially support the legitimacy of Delvalle's presidency until his term's official ending in late 1989.<ref name=Antizzo>{{cite book|author=Glenn J. Antizzo|title=U.S. military intervention in the post-Cold War era: how to win America's wars in the twenty-first century|url=https://archive.org/details/usmilitaryinterv00anti|url-access=limited|year=2010|publisher=Louisiana State University Press|location=Baton Rouge|isbn=978-0-8071-3642-3|pages=[https://archive.org/details/usmilitaryinterv00anti/page/n57 43]}}</ref>


Delvalle and his Noriega-appointed successors are nicknamed the "Kleenex presidents" in Panama due to their "disposability".{{sfn|Harding|2006|p=100}}
Delvalle and his Noriega-appointed successors are nicknamed the "Kleenex presidents" in Panama due to their "disposability".{{sfn|Harding|2006|p=100}}


In 1994, he was pardoned by President [[Guillermo Endara]] for any crimes committed during the Noriega years.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.questia.com/read/1P2-32876777/briefs |title=Briefs |agency=Reuters |date=7 June 1994 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch }}{{dl|date=July 2021}}</ref>
In 1994, he was pardoned by President [[Guillermo Endara]] for any crimes committed during the Noriega years.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.questia.com/read/1P2-32876777/briefs |title=Briefs |agency=Reuters |date=7 June 1994 |work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |access-date=27 August 2017 |archive-date=14 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814103336/https://www.questia.com/read/1P2-32876777/briefs |url-status=dead }}</ref> Delvalle was shunned by Panamanian anti-Noriega organizations in Panama before and after the 1989 US invasion of Panama, because of the manner in which he had left the country in 1988.<ref>[[John Gilstrap|Gilstrap, John]], "Six Minutes to Freedom", Citadel Press, 2012</ref>


==Personal life and death==
==Personal life and death==
Delvalle was married to Mariela Delvalle.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1244426.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225054556/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1244426.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 February 2016 |title=Wife of Panama's Ousted President Asks U.S. to Be Ready to Invade |author=William Branigin |date=10 March 1988 |work=Washington Post |publisher= {{Subscription required|via=[[HighBeam Research]]}}|access-date=30 September 2012}}</ref> He died on 2 October 2015 at the age of 78 in [[Cleveland, Ohio]]. He was given a State Funeral by the Government of Panama which was held at the Kol Shearith Israel Synagogue in Panama City.<ref>[http://www.tvn-2.com/nacionales/Muere-expresidente-Eric-Arturo-Valle_0_4314318536.html Obituary]</ref>
Delvalle was married to Mariela Delvalle.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1244426.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225054556/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1244426.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 February 2016 |title=Wife of Panama's Ousted President Asks U.S. to Be Ready to Invade |author=William Branigin |date=10 March 1988 |newspaper=Washington Post|access-date=30 September 2012}}</ref> He died on 2 October 2015 at the age of 78 in [[Cleveland, Ohio]]. He was given a State Funeral by the Government of Panama which was held at the Kol Shearith Israel Synagogue in Panama City.<ref>[http://www.tvn-2.com/nacionales/Muere-expresidente-Eric-Arturo-Valle_0_4314318536.html Obituary]</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 52: Line 58:
==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book |title=The History of Panama |author=Robert C. Harding |year=2006 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=031333322X}}
* {{cite book |title=The History of Panama |first=Robert C. |last=Harding |year=2006 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=031333322X}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


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|before=[[Carlos Ozores]]
|before=[[Carlos Ozores]]
|after=[[Roderick Esquivel]]
|after=[[Roderick Esquivel]]
|years=1984&ndash;1985}}
|years=1984–1985}}
{{succession box
{{succession box
|title=[[List of Presidents of Panama|President of Panama]]
|title=[[List of Presidents of Panama|President of Panama]]
|before=[[Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino|Nicolás Ardito Barletta]]
|before=[[Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino|Nicolás Ardito Barletta]]
|after=[[Manuel Solís Palma|Manuel Solís]]
|after=[[Manuel Solís Palma|Manuel Solís]]
|years=1985&ndash;1988}}
|years=1985–1988}}
{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}


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[[Category:1937 births]]
[[Category:1937 births]]
[[Category:2015 deaths]]
[[Category:2015 deaths]]
[[Category:Panamanian Jews]]
[[Category:Panamanian Sephardi Jews]]
[[Category:Presidents of Panama]]
[[Category:20th-century presidents of Panama]]
[[Category:Vice presidents of Panama]]
[[Category:Vice presidents of Panama]]
[[Category:People from Panama City]]
[[Category:Politicians from Panama City]]
[[Category:Jewish Panamanian politicians]]
[[Category:Jewish Panamanian politicians]]
[[Category:Jewish presidents]]
[[Category:Republican Party (Panama) politicians]]
[[Category:Republican Party (Panama) politicians]]
[[Category:North American Sephardi Jews]]
[[Category:20th-century Panamanian politicians]]

Latest revision as of 18:16, 28 October 2024

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Delvalle and the second or maternal family name is Cohen-Henríquez.
Eric Arturo Delvalle
Delvalle in 1988.
President of Panama
In office
28 September 1985 – 26 February 1988
Vice President
Preceded byNicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino
Succeeded byManuel Solís Palma
First Vice President of Panama
In office
11 October 1984 – 27 September 1985
Preceded byCarlos Ozores
Succeeded byRoderick Esquivel
Personal details
Born
Eric Arturo Delvalle Cohen-Henríquez

(1937-02-02)2 February 1937
Panama City, Panama
Died2 October 2015(2015-10-02) (aged 78)
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.
Political partyRepublican Party
SpouseMariela Delvalle

Eric Arturo Delvalle Cohen-Henríquez (2 February 1937 – 2 October 2015) was a Panamanian politician. He served as Vice President under Nicolás Ardito Barletta. Following the disputed 1984 election, and after Barletta's forced resignation, Delvalle served as President of Panama from 28 September 1985 until 26 February 1988.

In 1988, he attempted to remove Manuel Noriega as head of the armed forces but was himself deposed by the Legislative Assembly, going into hiding and eventually exile.

Background

[edit]

Delvalle was born in Panama City.[1] His brother Raúl is a former member of the National Assembly (1984–1989). His uncle Max Delvalle was the first Jewish president in Latin America (both were members of Kol Shearit Israel Synagogue).[2] He belonged to the Republican Party founded by his family.

Presidency (1985-1988)

[edit]

Delvalle was elected as Nicolás Ardito Barletta's Vice President in the disputed 1984 election, and after Barletta's forced resignation he served as President of Panama from 28 September 1985 to 26 February 1988. Delvalle's presidency occurred during Manuel Noriega's de facto military rule of the country, and he was a loyal ally of Noriega for much of his administration.

In 1986, US Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs Elliot Abrams openly called on the Panamanian military to overthrow Noriega and suggested that it could lead to the restoration of military aid. The Delvalle government protested, filing a complaint with the Organization of American States; sixteen Latin American states joined Panama in condemning the US statement.[3]

After Noriega's indictment on 4 February 1988 by the US Drug Enforcement Administration, Delvalle unsuccessfully attempted to remove Noriega from his formal post as head of the Panamanian Defense Forces. Instead, Noriega's allies in the Legislative Assembly voted on 22 February to oust Delvalle as president, appointing Education Minister Manuel Solis Palma in his place.[4][5] Though initially stating that he intended to remain in Panama,[6] Delvalle then went into hiding with the help of the American government.[4]

Before his declaration against Noriega, Delvalle first made sure that his extended family was safe in the US embassy compound in Panama City. Delvalle did not warn his colleagues about what he was about to do, which placed them and their families at great risk of retribution from Noriega. With help from dissidents, led by Kurt Muse, Second Vice President Roderick Esquival was able to get his family belatedly into protection at the US embassy, but Esquival chose to stay behind in Panama to continue to lead resistance efforts against Noriega.[7]

Delvalle soon went into exile in the US.[5] The administration of US President Ronald Reagan refused to recognize the legitimacy of Delvalle's successors and continued to officially support the legitimacy of Delvalle's presidency until his term's official ending in late 1989.[4]

Delvalle and his Noriega-appointed successors are nicknamed the "Kleenex presidents" in Panama due to their "disposability".[8]

In 1994, he was pardoned by President Guillermo Endara for any crimes committed during the Noriega years.[9] Delvalle was shunned by Panamanian anti-Noriega organizations in Panama before and after the 1989 US invasion of Panama, because of the manner in which he had left the country in 1988.[10]

Personal life and death

[edit]

Delvalle was married to Mariela Delvalle.[11] He died on 2 October 2015 at the age of 78 in Cleveland, Ohio. He was given a State Funeral by the Government of Panama which was held at the Kol Shearith Israel Synagogue in Panama City.[12]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Gumbo Yearbook. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University. 1955. LD3118 .G8 1954.
  2. ^ "Panama: Stability In The Cradle Of Transience". World Jewish Congress. 2005. Retrieved 10 December 2008.
  3. ^ Harding 2006, p. 106.
  4. ^ a b c Glenn J. Antizzo (2010). U.S. military intervention in the post-Cold War era: how to win America's wars in the twenty-first century. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. pp. 43. ISBN 978-0-8071-3642-3.
  5. ^ a b Harding 2006, p. 108.
  6. ^ William Branigan (28 February 1988). "Panama's President In Hiding; Delvalle Flees Home As Military Orders His Expulsion". Washington Post. Archived from the original on 25 February 2016. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
  7. ^ Gilstrap, John, "Six Minutes to Freedom", Citadel Press, 2012
  8. ^ Harding 2006, p. 100.
  9. ^ "Briefs". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Reuters. 7 June 1994. Archived from the original on 14 August 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  10. ^ Gilstrap, John, "Six Minutes to Freedom", Citadel Press, 2012
  11. ^ William Branigin (10 March 1988). "Wife of Panama's Ousted President Asks U.S. to Be Ready to Invade". Washington Post. Archived from the original on 25 February 2016. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
  12. ^ Obituary

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Harding, Robert C. (2006). The History of Panama. Greenwood Press. ISBN 031333322X.
Political offices
Preceded by First Vice President of Panama
1984–1985 		Succeeded by
Preceded by President of Panama
1985–1988 		Succeeded by
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