Land Without Bread: Difference between revisions

Las Hurdes
Las Hurdes
	Film poster
French	Las Hurdes: Tierra Sin Pan
Directed by	Luis Buñuel
Written by	Luis Buñuel; Rafael Sánchez Ventura [es]; Pierre Unik
Produced by	Ramón Acín; Luis Buñuel
Starring	Abel Jacquin; Alexandre O'Neill
Cinematography	Eli Lotar
Edited by	Luis Buñuel
Music by	Darius Milhaud; Johannes Brahms
Release date	December 1933 (Spain);
Running time	27 minutes
Country	Spain
Languages	French; Spanish

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Las Hurdes: Tierra Sin Pan (English: Land Without Bread or Unpromised Land) is a 1933 French-language Spanish pseudo-documentary (ethnofiction) directed by Luis Buñuel and co-produced by Buñuel and Ramón Acin. The narration was written by Buñuel, Rafael Sánchez Ventura [es], and Pierre Unik, with cinematography by Eli Lotar.

Plot

The film focuses on the Las Hurdes region of Spain, the mountainous area around the town of La Alberca, and the intense poverty of its occupants, who were so backwards and isolated that bread was unknown. A main source of income for them was taking in orphan children, for whom they received a government subsidy. Buñuel, who made the film after reading the ethnographic study Las Jurdes: étude de géographie humaine (1927) by Maurice Legendre [fr; es], took a Surrealist approach to the notion of the anthropological expedition. The result was a travelogue in which the narrator’s extreme (indeed, exaggerated) descriptions of human misery of Las Hurdes contrasts with his flat and uninterested manner.^{[citation needed]}

Cast

Abel Jacquin (voice)
Alexandre O'Neill (voice, dubbed version)

Production

Buñuel claimed: "I was able to film Las Hurdes thanks to Ramón Acín, an anarchist from Huesca,...who one day at a cafe in Zaragoza told me, 'Luis, if I ever won the lottery, I would put up the money for you to make a film.' He won a hundred thousand pesetas...and gave me twenty thousand to make the film. With four thousand I bought a Fiat; Pierre Unik came, under contract from Vogue to write an article; and Eli Lotar arrived with a camera loaned by Marc Allégret."^[1]

The movie is a pseudo-documentary, parodying the exaggerated documentaries of travelers across the Sahara being filmed at the same time.^[2] One of Buñuel's points is that there are plenty of terrible subjects for a documentary right in Spain.^{[citation needed]}

The film was originally silent, though Buñuel himself narrated when it was first shown.^[3] A French narration by actor Abel Jacquin was added in Paris in 1935.^{[citation needed]} Buñuel used extracts of Johannes Brahms' Symphony No. 4 for the music.^[4]

Buñuel slaughtered at least two animals to make Las Hurdes. One Hurdano claimed that he arranged for an ailing donkey to be covered with honey so he could film it being stung to death by bees. Similarly, his crew shot a mountain goat that subsequently fell from a cliff for another sequence.^[5]

Premiere and censorship

The premiere took place in December 1932 at Madrid's Palacio de la Prensa.^[6] The entire intellectual cream of the Spanish capital was invited to a semi-private show.^[6] The screening of the film in its first, still silent version was accompanied by music played from the turntable and the narrator's commentary personally read by Buñuel himself.^[6] During the premiere show there was a schism between the director and Gregorio Marañón,^[6] a former assistant to King Alfonso XIII of Spain during his trip to the Las Hurdes region in 1922 and the former director of the Royal Patronage (Spanish Patronato Real), an organization formed shortly after the trip to improving the situation of the inhabitants of the region.^[7]

Land Without Bread provoked such an uproar in Spain that conservative forces banned the distribution of the image throughout the country.^[8]^[6]^[9] The official reason for the censorship record was "defamation of the good name of the Spanish people."^[7] It was banned^[5] from 1933 to 1936.

Reception

Writing for Night and Day in 1937, Graham Greene gave the film a neutral review, describing it as "[a]n honest and hideous picture, [...] free from propaganda". Greene claimed that it had a powerful effect and that it was "enough to shake anyone's complacency or self-pity".^[10]

In modern times, critical reception for Land Without Bread has been mostly positive. In 2002 Slant Magazine awarded the film 4 out of 4 stars, writing, "Las Hurdes becomes a frightening call to arms, a fabulous open text that resists simple readings and questions humanity's notion of progress."^[11] Jeffrey Ruoff called it a "revolutionary film."^[2]

Buñuel in the Labyrinth of the Turtles is a 2018 Spanish-Dutch animated film based on the graphic novel Buñuel en el laberinto de las tortugas by Fermín Solís. It covers how Buñuel and his crew filmed at Las Hurdes.

References

^ Jose De La Colina, Tomas Perez Turrent.Objects of Desire - Conversations with Luis Buñuel. Trans. Paul Lenti. Marsilio Publishers, 1992. ISBN 0-941419-68-1.
^ ^a ^b Ruoff, Jeffrey. An Ethnographic Surrealist Film: Luis Buñuel's Land Without Bread. Visual Anthropology Review 14, no. 1 (Spring/Summer 1998), pp. 45-57.
^ Luis Buñuel. My Last Breath. Trans. Abigail Israel. Fontana, 1987. ISBN 9780006540885.
^ Rubinstein, E. (Summer 1983). "Visit to a Familiar Planet: Buñuel among the Hurdanos". Journal of Cinema and Media Studies. 22 (4). University of Texas Press: 3–17. doi:10.2307/1224951. JSTOR 1224951.
^ ^a ^b McNab, Geoffrey (8 September 2000). "Bunuel and the land that never was". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Javier Herrera (22 April 2014). Estudios sobre Las Hurdes de Buñuel: Evidencia fílmica, estética y recepción (in Spanish). Editorial Renacimiento. ISBN 9788484729518.
^ ^a ^b Iker Jiménez Elizari (6 April 2006). El paraíso maldito (in Spanish). EDAF. ISBN 9788441417724.
^ Jeffrey Ruoff (1 March 1998). "An Ethnographic Surrealist Film: Luisbuñuel's land Without Bread". Visual Anthropology Review. 14 (1): 45–57. doi:10.1525/var.1998.14.1.45. ISSN 1548-7458.
^ Geoffrey McNab (9 September 2000). "Bunuel and the land that never was". the Guardian. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
^ Greene, Graham (18 November 1937). "Land Without Bread/Personality Parade". Night and Day. (reprinted in: Taylor, John Russell, ed. (1980). The Pleasure Dome. Oxford University Press. p. 179. ISBN 0192812866.)
^ Gonzalez, Ed. "Land Without Bread". Slant Magazine.

External links

[1] Jose De La Colina, Tomas Perez Turrent.Objects of Desire - Conversations with Luis Buñuel. Trans. Paul Lenti. Marsilio Publishers, 1992. ISBN 0-941419-68-1.

[dartmouth.edu-2] Ruoff, Jeffrey. An Ethnographic Surrealist Film: Luis Buñuel's Land Without Bread. Visual Anthropology Review 14, no. 1 (Spring/Summer 1998), pp. 45-57.

[3] Luis Buñuel. My Last Breath. Trans. Abigail Israel. Fontana, 1987. ISBN 9780006540885.

[4] Rubinstein, E. (Summer 1983). "Visit to a Familiar Planet: Buñuel among the Hurdanos". Journal of Cinema and Media Studies. 22 (4). University of Texas Press: 3–17. doi:10.2307/1224951. JSTOR 1224951.

[guardian-5] McNab, Geoffrey (8 September 2000). "Bunuel and the land that never was". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 30 October 2011.

[:0-6] Javier Herrera (22 April 2014). Estudios sobre Las Hurdes de Buñuel: Evidencia fílmica, estética y recepción (in Spanish). Editorial Renacimiento. ISBN 9788484729518.

[:2-7] Iker Jiménez Elizari (6 April 2006). El paraíso maldito (in Spanish). EDAF. ISBN 9788441417724.

[:1-8] Jeffrey Ruoff (1 March 1998). "An Ethnographic Surrealist Film: Luisbuñuel's land Without Bread". Visual Anthropology Review. 14 (1): 45–57. doi:10.1525/var.1998.14.1.45. ISSN 1548-7458.

[9] Geoffrey McNab (9 September 2000). "Bunuel and the land that never was". the Guardian. Retrieved 20 June 2016.

[10] Greene, Graham (18 November 1937). "Land Without Bread/Personality Parade". Night and Day. (reprinted in: Taylor, John Russell, ed. (1980). The Pleasure Dome. Oxford University Press. p. 179. ISBN 0192812866.)

[11] Gonzalez, Ed. "Land Without Bread". Slant Magazine.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|1933 film}}
-{{refimprove|date=November 2018}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
-{{missing information|the film's plot, theatrical/home media releases, and reception|date=November 2018}}
 {{Infobox film
-| name           = Las Hurdes
+|name           = Las Hurdes
-| image          = LandWithoutBread.jpg
+|image          = LandWithoutBread.jpg
-| image_size     =
+|caption        = Film poster
+|native_name    = {{Infobox name module|fr|Las Hurdes: Tierra Sin Pan}}
-| caption        =
-| director       = [[Luis Buñuel]]
+|director       = [[Luis Buñuel]]
-| producer       = [[Ramón Acín]]<br>Luis Buñuel
+|producer       = [[Ramón Acín]]<br>Luis Buñuel
-| writer         = Luis Buñuel<br>[[Rafael Sánchez Ventura]]<br>[[Pierre Unik]]
+|writer         = Luis Buñuel<br>{{Ill|Rafael Sánchez Ventura|es}}<br>[[Pierre Unik]]
+|starring       = [[Abel Jacquin]]<br>[[Alexandre O'Neill]]
-| narrator       =
-| starring       = [[Abel Jacquin]]<br>[[Alexandre O'Neill]]
+|music          = [[Darius Milhaud]]<br>[[Johannes Brahms]]
+|cinematography = [[Eli Lotar]]
-| music          = [[Darius Milhaud]]<br>[[Johannes Brahms]]
+|editing        = Luis Buñuel
-| cinematography = [[Eli Lotar]]
-| editing        = Luis Buñuel
+|released       = {{Film date|1933|12| |Spain}}
+|runtime        = 27 minutes
-| distributor    =
-| released       = December 1933
+|country        = Spain
-| runtime        = 27 mins
+|language       = French<br>Spanish
-| country        = Spain
-| language       = French
-| budget         =
-| preceded_by    =
-| followed_by    =
 }}
-'''''Las Hurdes: Tierra Sin Pan''''' (English: '''''Land Without Bread''''' or '''''Unpromised Land''''') is a 1933 [[pseudo-documentary]] ([[ethnofiction]]) directed by [[Luis Buñuel]] and co-produced by Buñuel and [[Ramón Acin]]. The narration was written by Buñuel, [[Rafael Sanchez Ventura]], and [[Pierre Unik]], with cinematography by [[Eli Lotar]].
+'''''Las Hurdes: Tierra Sin Pan''''' (English: '''''Land Without Bread''''' or '''''Unpromised Land''''') is a 1933 French-language Spanish [[pseudo-documentary]] ([[ethnofiction]]) directed by [[Luis Buñuel]] and co-produced by Buñuel and [[Ramón Acin]]. The narration was written by Buñuel, {{Ill|Rafael Sánchez Ventura|es}}, and [[Pierre Unik]], with cinematography by [[Eli Lotar]].
 ==Plot==
+The film focuses on the [[Las Hurdes]] region of Spain, the mountainous area around the town of [[La Alberca]], and the intense poverty of its occupants, who were so backwards and isolated that bread was unknown. A main source of income for them was taking in orphan children, for whom they received a government subsidy. Buñuel, who made the film after reading the [[ethnography|ethnographic study]] ''Las Jurdes: étude de géographie humaine'' (1927) by {{ill|Maurice Legendre|fr|Maurice Legendre (historien)|es}}, took a [[Surrealist]] approach to the notion of the [[Anthropology|anthropological]] expedition. The result was a [[travel documentary|travelogue]] in which the narrator’s extreme (indeed, exaggerated) descriptions of human misery of Las Hurdes contrasts with his flat and uninterested manner.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}
-{{no plot|date=December 2018}}
 ==Cast==
-*Abel Jacquin  (voice)
+*Abel Jacquin (voice)
 *[[Alexandre O'Neill]]  (voice, dubbed version)
 ==Production==
-{{rewrite section|date=November 2018}}
+{{cleanup rewrite|section=yes|date=November 2018}}
-The film focuses on the [[Las Hurdes]] region of Spain, the mountainous area around the town of La Alberca, and the intense poverty of its occupants, who were so backwards and isolated that bread was unknown. A main source of income for them was taking in orphan children, for whom they received a government subsidy. Buñuel, who made the film after reading the [[ethnography|ethnographic study]] ''Las Jurdes: étude de géographie humaine'' (1927) by [[Maurice Legendre]], took a [[Surrealist]] approach to the notion of the [[anthropology|anthropological]] expedition. The result was a [[travel documentary|travelogue]] in which the narrator’s extreme (indeed, exaggerated) descriptions of human misery of Las Hurdes contrasts with his flat and uninterested manner.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}
 Buñuel claimed:
-"I was able to film Las Hurdes thanks to Ramon Acin, an [[anarchist]] from [[Huesca]],...who one day at a cafe in [[Zaragoza]] told me, 'Luis, if I ever won the lottery, I would put up the money for you to make a film.' He won a hundred thousand [[Spanish peseta|pesetas]]...and gave me twenty thousand to make the film. With four thousand I bought a [[Fiat]]; Pierre Unik came, under contract from ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'' to write an article; and Eli Lotar arrived with a camera loaned by [[Marc Allégret]]."<ref>Jose De La Colina, Tomas Perez Turrent.''Objects of Desire - Conversations with Luis Buñuel''.Trans. Paul Lenti.Marsilio Publishers, 1992. {{ISBN|0-941419-68-1}}.</ref>
+"I was able to film Las Hurdes thanks to [[Ramón Acín]], an [[anarchist]] from [[Huesca]],...who one day at a cafe in [[Zaragoza]] told me, 'Luis, if I ever won the lottery, I would put up the money for you to make a film.' He won a hundred thousand [[Spanish peseta|pesetas]]...and gave me twenty thousand to make the film. With four thousand I bought a [[Fiat]]; Pierre Unik came, under contract from ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'' to write an article; and Eli Lotar arrived with a camera loaned by [[Marc Allégret]]."<ref>Jose De La Colina, Tomas Perez Turrent.''Objects of Desire - Conversations with Luis Buñuel''. Trans. Paul Lenti. Marsilio Publishers, 1992. {{ISBN|0-941419-68-1}}.</ref>
-The movie is a documentary, parodying the exaggerated documentaries of travelers across the Sahara being filmed at the same time.<ref>Ruoff, Jeffrey. [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~jruoff/Articles/EthnographicSurrealist.htm An Ethnographic Surrealist Film: Luis Buñuel's Land Without Bread.] Visual Anthropology Review 14, no. 1 (Spring/Summer 1998), 45-57</ref> One of Buñuel's points is that there are plenty of terrible subjects for a documentary right in Spain.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}
+The movie is a pseudo-documentary, parodying the exaggerated documentaries of travelers across the Sahara being filmed at the same time.<ref name="dartmouth.edu">Ruoff, Jeffrey. [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~jruoff/Articles/EthnographicSurrealist.htm An Ethnographic Surrealist Film: Luis Buñuel's Land Without Bread.] Visual Anthropology Review 14, no. 1 (Spring/Summer 1998), pp. 45-57.</ref> One of Buñuel's points is that there are plenty of terrible subjects for a documentary right in Spain.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}
-The film was originally [[silent film|silent]], though Buñuel himself narrated when it was first shown.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}} A French narration by actor [[Abel Jacquin]] was added in Paris in 1935.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}} Buñuel used extracts of [[Johannes Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] for the music.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}
+The film was originally [[silent film|silent]], though Buñuel himself narrated when it was first shown.<ref>Luis Buñuel. ''My Last Breath''. Trans. Abigail Israel. Fontana, 1987. {{ISBN|9780006540885}}.</ref> A French narration by actor [[Abel Jacquin]] was added in Paris in 1935.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}} Buñuel used extracts of [[Johannes Brahms]]' [[Symphony No. 4 (Brahms)|Symphony No. 4]] for the music.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Rubinstein|first=E.|title=Visit to a Familiar Planet: Buñuel among the Hurdanos|journal=[[Journal of Cinema and Media Studies]]|publisher=[[University of Texas Press]]|volume=22|issue=4|date=Summer 1983|pages=3-17|doi=10.2307/1224951|jstor=1224951}}</ref>
-Buñuel slaughtered at least two animals to make ''Las Hurdes''. One Hurdano claimed that he arranged for an ailing donkey to be covered with honey so he could film it being stung to death by [[bees]]. Similarly, his crew shot a mountain goat that subsequently fell from a cliff for another sequence.<ref name="guardian">{{cite news | last = McNab | first = Geoffrey | title = Bunuel and the land that never was | newspaper = [[The Guardian]] | location = London | date = 8 September 2000 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/film/2000/sep/09/books.guardianreview | accessdate = 30 October 2011 }}</ref>
+Buñuel slaughtered at least two animals to make ''Las Hurdes''. One Hurdano claimed that he arranged for an ailing donkey to be covered with honey so he could film it being stung to death by [[bee]]s. Similarly, his crew shot a mountain goat that subsequently fell from a cliff for another sequence.<ref name=guardian>{{cite news|last=McNab|first=Geoffrey|title=Bunuel and the land that never was|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|location=London|date=8 September 2000|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2000/sep/09/books.guardianreview|accessdate=30 October 2011}}</ref>
+==Premiere and censorship==
-==Release==
+The premiere took place in December 1932 at Madrid's [[Palacio de la Prensa]].<ref name=":0">{{cite book|title=Estudios sobre Las Hurdes de Buñuel: Evidencia fílmica, estética y recepción|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DlZmAwAAQBAJ|author=Javier Herrera|publisher=Editorial Renacimiento|date=22 April 2014|lang=es|isbn=9788484729518}}</ref> The entire intellectual cream of the Spanish capital was invited to a semi-private show.<ref name=":0"/> The screening of the film in its first, still silent version was accompanied by music played from the turntable and the narrator's commentary personally read by Buñuel himself.<ref name=":0"/> During the premiere show there was a schism between the director and [[Gregorio Marañón]],<ref name=":0"/> a former assistant to King [[Alfonso XIII of Spain]] during his trip to the Las Hurdes region in 1922 and the former director of the Royal Patronage (Spanish ''Patronato Real''), an organization formed shortly after the trip to improving the situation of the inhabitants of the region.<ref name=":2">{{cite book|title=El paraíso maldito|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JiRSQ6HnVhQC|author=Iker Jiménez Elizari|author-link=Iker Jiménez|publisher=EDAF|date=6 April 2006|lang=es|isbn=9788441417724}}</ref>
-{{expand section|date=December 2018}}
-===Censorship===
-''Land Without Bread'' provoked such an uproar in Spain - Ruoff calls it a "revolutionary film"<ref>Ruoff, Jeffrey. [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~jruoff/Articles/EthnographicSurrealist.htm An Ethnographic Surrealist Film: Luis Buñuel's Land Without Bread.] Visual Anthropology Review 14, no. 1 (Spring/Summer 1998), 45-57</ref> - that it was banned<ref name="guardian" /> from 1933 to 1936.
+''Land Without Bread'' provoked such an uproar in Spain that conservative forces banned the distribution of the image throughout the country.<ref name=":1">{{cite journal|title=An Ethnographic Surrealist Film: Luisbuñuel's land Without Bread|author=Jeffrey Ruoff|journal=Visual Anthropology Review|volume=14|issue=1|pages=45–57|date=1 March 1998|issn=1548-7458|doi=10.1525/var.1998.14.1.45}}</ref><ref name=":0"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Bunuel and the land that never was|url=http://www.theguardian.com/film/2000/sep/09/books.guardianreview|author=Geoffrey McNab|agency=the Guardian|date=9 September 2000|accessdate=20 June 2016}}</ref> The official reason for the censorship record was "defamation of the good name of the Spanish people."<ref name=":2"/> It was banned<ref name=guardian/> from 1933 to 1936.
 ==Reception==
+Writing for ''[[Night and Day (magazine)|Night and Day]]'' in 1937, [[Graham Greene]] gave the film a neutral review, describing it as "[a]n honest and hideous picture, [...] free from propaganda". Greene claimed that it had a powerful effect and that it was "enough to shake anyone's complacency or self-pity".<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Greene|first=Graham|author-link=Graham Greene|date=18 November 1937|title=Land Without Bread/Personality Parade|magazine=[[Night and Day (magazine)|Night and Day]]}} (reprinted in: {{cite book|editor-last=Taylor|editor-first=John Russell|editor-link=John Russell Taylor|year=1980|title=The Pleasure Dome|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=179|isbn=0192812866}})</ref>
-{{expand section|date=December 2018}}
-Critical reception for ''Land Without Bread'' has been mostly positive.
-Ed Gonzalez from ''[[Slant Magazine]]'' awarded the film 4 out of 4 stars, writing, "''Las Hurdes'' becomes a frightening call to arms, a fabulous open text that resists simple readings and questions humanity’s notion of progress."<ref name="slantmagreview">{{cite web |last1=Gonzalez |first1=Ed |title=Land Without Bread |url=https://www.slantmagazine.com/film/review/land-without-bread |website=Slant Magazine.com |publisher=Ed Gonzalez |accessdate=6 December 2018}}</ref>
+In modern times, critical reception for ''Land Without Bread'' has been mostly positive. In 2002 ''[[Slant Magazine]]'' awarded the film 4 out of 4 stars, writing, "''Las Hurdes'' becomes a frightening call to arms, a fabulous open text that resists simple readings and questions humanity's notion of progress."<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Gonzalez|first=Ed|title=Land Without Bread|url=https://www.slantmagazine.com/film/review/land-without-bread|magazine=[[Slant Magazine]]}}</ref> Jeffrey Ruoff called it a "revolutionary film."<ref name="dartmouth.edu"/>
+''[[Buñuel in the Labyrinth of the Turtles]]'' is a 2018 Spanish-Dutch animated film based on the graphic novel ''Buñuel en el laberinto de las tortugas'' by [[Fermín Solís]]. It covers how Buñuel and his crew filmed at Las Hurdes.
 ==References==
-{{reflist}}
+{{Reflist}}
 ==External links==
-* {{Amg movie|28164|Las Hurdes}}
+*{{IMDb title|id=0023037}}
+*{{Rotten tomatoes|land_without_bread|Las Hurdes}}
-* {{imdb title|id=0023037}}
-* {{Rotten tomatoes|land_without_bread|Las Hurdes}}
+*{{TCMDb title|490560|Las Hurdes}}
-* {{tcmdb title|490560|Las Hurdes}}
 {{Luis Buñuel}}
 {{Darius Milhaud}}
-[[Category:Las Hurdes]]
+[[Category:1933 documentary films]]
-[[Category:1932 documentary films]]
+[[Category:1933 films]]
-[[Category:Spanish black-and-white films]]
 [[Category:Filmed deaths of animals]]
 [[Category:Films directed by Luis Buñuel]]
-[[Category:French-language films]]
-[[Category:Spanish silent films]]
-[[Category:Spanish films]]
-[[Category:Spanish short films]]
-[[Category:Social realism in film]]
-[[Category:Media bias controversies]]
-[[Category:Mockumentary films]]
 [[Category:Films scored by Darius Milhaud]]
-[[Category:Spanish documentary films]]
+[[Category:1930s French-language films]]
+[[Category:Las Hurdes]]
+[[Category:Media bias controversies]]
+[[Category:Animal cruelty incidents in film]]
+[[Category:Films about social realism]]
+[[Category:Spanish black-and-white films]]
+[[Category:Spanish short documentary films]]
+[[Category:Spanish silent films]]
+[[Category:Films set in Extremadura]]
+[[Category:Films about poverty]]

v t e Luis Buñuel
Filmmaking technique Filmography
Films directed	Un Chien Andalou (1929) L'Age d'Or (1930) Land Without Bread (1933) Gran Casino (1947) The Great Madcap (1949) Los Olvidados (1950) Susana (1951) Daughter of Deceit (1951) Mexican Bus Ride (1952) A Woman Without Love (1952) El Bruto (1953) Él (1953) Illusion Travels by Streetcar (1954) Wuthering Heights (1954) Robinson Crusoe (1954) The Criminal Life of Archibaldo de la Cruz (1955) The River and Death (1955) Cela s'appelle l'aurore (1956) Death in the Garden (1956) Nazarín (1959) La Fièvre Monte à El Pao (1959) The Young One (1960) Viridiana (1961) The Exterminating Angel (1962) Diary of a Chambermaid (1964) Simon of the Desert (1965) Belle de Jour (1967) The Milky Way (1969) Tristana (1970) The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie (1972) The Phantom of Liberty (1974) That Obscure Object of Desire (1977)
Works about	Little Ashes (2008 film) Buñuel in the Labyrinth of the Turtles (2018 film)