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{{Short description|American science fiction writer (1926–2001)}}
{{other people5|Poul Andersen|Paul Anderson (disambiguation){{!}}Paul Anderson}}
{{Similar names|Poul Andersen (disambiguation)|Paul Anderson (disambiguation){{!}}Paul Anderson}}
{{short description|American writer}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{more citations needed|date=March 2011}}
{{original research|date=September 2019}}
}}
{{Infobox writer
{{Infobox writer
| name = Poul Anderson
| name = Poul Anderson
| image = poul anderson.jpg
| image = poul anderson.jpg
| caption = Anderson at [[Polcon]] in 1985
| caption = Anderson at [[Polcon]] in 1985
| pseudonym = A. A. Craig<br />Michael Karageorge<br />Winston P. Sanders<br />P. A. Kingsley<ref name="filkFirstUse">{{Cite web |url=http://www.conchord.org/xeno/zed2.jpg |title=Tracking Down The First Deliberate Use Of "Filk Song" |accessdate=2007-08-11 |author=Lee Gold |authorlink=Lee Gold}}</ref>
| pseudonym = A. A. Craig<br />Michael Karageorge<br />Winston P. Sanders<br />P. A. Kingsley<ref name="filkFirstUse">{{Cite web |url=http://www.conchord.org/xeno/zed2.jpg |title=Tracking Down The First Deliberate Use Of "Filk Song" |access-date=2007-08-11 |author=Lee Gold |author-link=Lee Gold}}</ref>
| birth_name = Poul William Anderson
| birth_name = Poul William Anderson
| birth_date = {{birth date|mf=yes|1926|11|25}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|mf=yes|1926|11|25}}
| birth_place = [[Bristol, Pennsylvania]], United States
| birth_place = [[Bristol, Pennsylvania]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|mf=yes|2001|7|31|1926|11|25}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|mf=yes|2001|7|31|1926|11|25}}
| death_place = [[Orinda, California]], United States<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/03/books/poul-anderson-science-fiction-novelist-dies-at-74.html |title=Poul Anderson, Science Fiction Novelist, Dies at 74 |date =3 August 2001 |access-date=24 October 2018 |author= Douglas Martin |website= The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/?id=ZHnGCwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Obituaries+in+the+Performing+Arts,+2002:+Film,+Television,+Radio,+Theatre+...#v=snippet&q=Poul%20&f=false |title=Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2001: Film, Television, Radio, Theatre ... |author=Harris M. Lentz III |access-date= 24 October 2018|isbn=9780786452064 |date=2008-10-24 }}</ref>
| death_place = [[Orinda, California]], U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/03/books/poul-anderson-science-fiction-novelist-dies-at-74.html |title=Poul Anderson, Science Fiction Novelist, Dies at 74 |date =August 3, 2001 |access-date=October 24, 2018 |author= Douglas Martin |website= The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZHnGCwAAQBAJ&q=Poul+ |title=Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2001: Film, Television, Radio, Theatre ... |author=Harris M. Lentz III |access-date= October 24, 2018|isbn=9780786452064 |year=2008 |publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers }}</ref>
| occupation = Writer
| occupation = Writer
| nationality = USA
| nationality = American
| period = 1948–2001
| period = 1948–2001
| genre = [[Science fiction]], [[fantasy]], [[time travel]], [[mystery fiction|mystery]], [[historical fiction]]
| genre = [[Science fiction literature|Science fiction]]<br> [[Fantasy literature|Fantasy]]<br>[[mystery fiction|Mystery]]<br>[[Historical fiction]]
| notableworks = {{plainlist|
| notableworks = {{plainlist|
* ''[[The Broken Sword]]''
* ''[[The Broken Sword]]''
* ''[[Tau Zero]]''
* ''[[Tau Zero]]''
* ''[[Three Hearts and Three Lions]]''
}}
}}
| website =
| website =
}}
}}
[[File:Planet stories 195101.jpg|thumb|right|Anderson's novella "Witch of the Demon Seas" (published under his "A. A. Craig" byline) was the cover story in the January 1951 issue of ''[[Planet Stories]]'']]
[[File:Galaxy 195104.jpg|thumb|right|Anderson's novelette "Inside Earth" was the cover story in the April 1951 issue of ''[[Galaxy Science Fiction]]'']]
[[File:Planet stories 195205.jpg|thumb|right|Anderson's novella "War-Maid of Mars" took the cover of the May 1952 issue of ''[[Planet Stories]]'']]
[[File:Fantastic 195912.jpg|thumb|right|Anderson's novella "A Message In Secret" took the cover of the December 1959 issue of ''[[Fantastic (magazine)|Fantastic]]'']]
[[File:Fantastic 196012.jpg|thumb|right|Another [[Dominic Flandry]] short novel, "A Plague of Masters", was the cover story on the December 1960 issue of ''[[Fantastic (magazine)|Fantastic]]''; it was later published in book form as ''Earthman, Go Home!'']]
[[File:Fantastic 196108.jpg|thumb|right|Anderson's novelette "Goodbye, Atlantis!" took the cover of the August 1961 issue of ''[[Fantastic (magazine)|Fantastic]]'']]
[[File:Galaxy 196112.jpg|thumb|right|Anderson's novel ''The Day After Doomsday'' was serialized in ''[[Galaxy Science Fiction|Galaxy]]'' before being published in book form as ''[[After Doomsday]]'']]
[[File:If 196203.jpg|thumb|right|Anderson's novelette "Kings Who Die" was the cover story for the March 1962 issue of ''[[If (magazine)|If]]'']]
[[File:Amazing stories 196309.jpg|thumb|right|Anderson's "Homo Aquaticus", part of his "Kith" sequence, took the cover of the September 1963 issue of ''[[Amazing Stories]]'']]


'''Poul William Anderson''' (November 25, 1926 – July 31, 2001)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/aug/04/guardianobituaries.books |title= Obituary: Poul Anderson (Prolific writer of science fiction's golden age) |author=David V Barrett |date= 4 August 2001 |access-date=25 October 2018 |website= The Guardian}}</ref> was an [[American people|American]] [[science fiction]] [[author]] who began his career in the 1940s and continued to write into the 21st century. Anderson authored several works of [[fantasy]], [[historical novel]]s, and short stories. His awards include seven [[Hugo Award]]s and three [[Nebula Award]]s.<ref name=SFAwards />
'''Poul William Anderson''' (November 25, 1926 – July 31, 2001)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/aug/04/guardianobituaries.books |title= Obituary: Poul Anderson (Prolific writer of science fiction's golden age) |author=David V Barrett |date= August 4, 2001 |access-date=October 25, 2018 |website= The Guardian}}</ref> was an American fantasy and science fiction author who was active from the 1940s until his death in 2001. Anderson also wrote historical novels. He won the [[Hugo Award]] seven times and the [[Nebula Award]] three times, and was nominated many more times for awards.<ref name="WWE-Hugo">{{cite web |title=Pennsylvania Center for the Book |url=https://pabook.libraries.psu.edu/literary-cultural-heritage-map-pa/bios/Anderson__Poul_William |access-date=2009-03-28 |work=Worlds Without End}}</ref><ref name="WWE-Nebula">{{cite web |url=https://www.worldswithoutend.com/books_nebula_index.asp |title=Science Fiction & Fantasy Books by Award: Complete Nebula Award novel listing |work=Worlds Without End |access-date=2024-02-13}}</ref>


== Biography ==
== Biography ==
Poul Anderson was born on November 25, 1926, in [[Bristol, Pennsylvania]], of Scandinavian parents.<ref>''Tau Zero'', SF Masterworks edition.</ref> Shortly after his birth, his father, Anton Anderson, an engineer, moved the family to Texas, where they lived for over ten years. Following Anton Anderson's death, his widow took her children to [[Denmark]]. The family returned to the United States after the outbreak of [[World War II]], settling eventually on a Minnesota farm. The [[frame story]] of his later novel ''[[Three Hearts and Three Lions]]'', before the fantasy part begins, is partly set in the Denmark which the young Anderson personally experienced.


Poul Anderson was born on November 25, 1926, in [[Bristol, Pennsylvania]] to [[Danes|Danish]] parents.<ref>{{cite news |last=Barrett |first=David V. |date=2001-08-06 |title=Poul Anderson: Prolific Writer of Science Fiction's Golden Age |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/aug/06/guardianobituaries |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=2024-02-19}}</ref> Soon after his birth, his father, Anton Anderson, relocated the family to Texas, where they lived for more than ten years. After Anton Anderson's death, his widow took the children to [[Denmark]]. The family returned to the United States after the beginning of [[World War II]], settling eventually on a Minnesota farm.
While he was an undergraduate student at the [[University of Minnesota]], Anderson's first stories were published by [[John W. Campbell]] in ''[[Astounding Science Fiction]]'': "Tomorrow's Children" by Anderson and F. N. Waldrop in March 1947 and a sequel, "Chain of Logic" by Anderson alone, in July.{{efn|Anderson continued his first two stories more than a decade later. He added a novella and an epilogue, constituting the collection of four pieces (termed a novel), ''Twilight World: A Science Fiction Novel of Tomorrow's Children'' ([[Dodd, Mead]]). Waldrop was not credited.<ref name=isfdb />}} He earned his [[B.A.]] in physics with honors but made no serious attempt to work as a physicist; instead he became a free-lance writer after his graduation in 1948, and placed his third story in the December ''Astounding''.<ref name=isfdb /> While finding no purely academic application, Anderson's knowledge of physics is evident in the great care given to details of the scientific background &ndash; one of the defining characteristics of his writing style.


While he was an undergraduate student at the [[University of Minnesota]], Anderson's first stories were published by editor [[John W. Campbell]] in the magazine ''[[Astounding Science Fiction]]'': "Tomorrow's Children" by Anderson and F. N. Waldrop in March 1947 and a sequel, "Chain of Logic" by Anderson alone, in July.{{efn|Anderson continued his first two stories more than a decade later. He added a novella and an epilogue, constituting the collection of four pieces (termed a novel), ''Twilight World: A Science Fiction Novel of Tomorrow's Children'' ([[Dodd, Mead]]). Waldrop was not credited.<ref name=isfdb />}} He earned his BA in physics with honors but became a freelance writer after he graduated in 1948. His third story was printed in the December ''Astounding''.<ref name=isfdb />
Anderson married [[Karen Anderson (writer)|Karen Kruse]] in 1953 and moved with her to the San Francisco Bay area. Their daughter Astrid (now married to science fiction author [[Greg Bear]]) was born in 1954. They made their home in [[Orinda, California]]. Over the years Poul gave many readings at [[The Other Change of Hobbit]] bookstore in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]], and his wife later donated his typewriter and desk to the store.


Anderson married [[Karen Anderson (writer)|Karen Kruse]] in 1953 and relocated with her to the San Francisco Bay area.<ref name="Martin 2001 v907">{{cite web | last=Martin | first=Douglas | title=Poul Anderson, Science Fiction Novelist, Dies at 74 | website=The New York Times | date=August 3, 2001 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/03/books/poul-anderson-science-fiction-novelist-dies-at-74.html | access-date=January 31, 2024}}</ref> Their daughter Astrid (later married to science fiction author [[Greg Bear]]<ref name="Holland 2022 x734">{{cite web | last=Holland | first=Steve | title=Greg Bear obituary | website=the Guardian | date=December 29, 2022 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2022/dec/29/greg-bear-obituary | access-date=January 31, 2024}}</ref>) was born in 1954{{citation needed|date=June 2021}}. They made their home in [[Orinda, California]].<ref name="Washington Post 2001 k556">{{cite web | title=Writer Poul Anderson, 74, Dies | website=Washington Post | date=August 3, 2001 | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2001/08/03/writer-poul-anderson-74-dies/ef257faf-0685-4bd9-b6bd-389b861fe2f8/ | access-date=January 31, 2024}}</ref> Over the years Poul gave many readings at [[The Other Change of Hobbit]] bookstore in [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]]; his widow later donated his typewriter and desk to the store.{{citation needed|date=June 2021}}
In 1965 [[Algis Budrys]] said that Anderson "has for some time been science fiction's best storyteller".<ref name="budrys196502">{{Cite magazine
|last=Budrys
|first=Algis
|author=
|last2=
|first2=
|date=February 1965
|title=Galaxy Bookshelf
|department=
|url=https://archive.org/stream/Galaxy_v23n03_1965-02#page/n153/mode/2up
|magazine=Galaxy Science Fiction
|pages=153–159
|type=
}}</ref> He was a founding member of the [[Society for Creative Anachronism]] (SCA) in 1966 and of the [[Swordsmen and Sorcerers' Guild of America]] (SAGA), also in the mid-1960s. The latter was a loose-knit group of [[Heroic fantasy|Heroic Fantasy]] authors led by [[Lin Carter]], originally eight in number, with entry by credentials as a fantasy writer alone.<!-- source is our article --> Anderson was the sixth President of [[Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America]], taking office in 1972.


In 1954, he published the fantasy novel ''[[The Broken Sword]]'', one of his most known works.
[[Robert A. Heinlein]] dedicated his 1985 novel ''[[The Cat Who Walks Through Walls]]'' to Anderson and eight of the other members of the [[Citizens' Advisory Council on National Space Policy]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Heinlein, Robert A |title=The Cat Who Walks Through Walls |publisher=New England Library |year=1986 |isbn=0-450-39315-1}}</ref><ref>[http://www.nitrosyncretic.com/rah/dedications.html Heinlein's Dedications Page Jane Davitt & Tim Morgan]. Retrieved 2008-08-20.</ref> The [[Science Fiction Writers of America]] made Anderson its 16th [[SFWA Grand Master]] in 1998<ref name=SFWA /> and the [[EMP Museum#Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame|Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame]] inducted him in 2000, its fifth class of two deceased and two living writers.<ref name=sfhof-old /> He died of prostate cancer on July 31, 2001, after a month in the hospital. A few of his novels were first published posthumously.


In 1965, [[Algis Budrys]] said that Anderson "has for some time been science fiction's best storyteller".<ref name="budrys196502">{{Cite magazine |last=Budrys |first=Algis |date=February 1965 |title=Galaxy Bookshelf |url=https://archive.org/stream/Galaxy_v23n03_1965-02#page/n153/mode/2up |magazine=Galaxy Science Fiction |pages=153–159}}</ref> He was a founding member of the [[Society for Creative Anachronism]] (SCA) in 1966 and of the [[Swordsmen and Sorcerers' Guild of America]] (SAGA), also during the mid-1960s. The latter was a group of [[Heroic fantasy]] authors organized by [[Lin Carter]], originally eight in number, with entry by credentials as a fantasy writer alone.<!-- source is our article --> Anderson was the sixth President of the [[Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America]], taking office in 1972.
==Political, moral and literary themes ==
{{Original research|section|date=July 2009}}


[[Robert A. Heinlein]] dedicated his 1985 novel ''[[The Cat Who Walks Through Walls]]'' to Anderson and eight of the other members of the [[Citizens' Advisory Council on National Space Policy]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Heinlein, Robert A |title=The Cat Who Walks Through Walls |publisher=New England Library |year=1986 |isbn=0-450-39315-1}}</ref><ref>[http://www.nitrosyncretic.com/rah/dedications.html Heinlein's Dedications Page Jane Davitt & Tim Morgan]. Retrieved August 20, 2008.</ref>
Anderson is probably best known for adventure stories in which larger-than-life characters succeed gleefully or fail heroically. His characters were nonetheless thoughtful, often introspective, and well developed. His plot lines frequently involved the application of social and political issues in a speculative manner appropriate to the science fiction genre. He also wrote some quieter works, generally of shorter length, which appeared more often during the latter part of his career.


The [[Science Fiction Writers of America]] made Anderson its 16th [[SFWA Grand Master]] in 1998.<ref name=SFWA /> In 2000's fifth class, he was inducted into the [[EMP Museum#Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame|Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame]] as one of two deceased and two living writers.<ref name=sfhof-old />
Much of his science fiction is thoroughly grounded in science (with the addition of unscientific but standard speculations such as [[faster-than-light]] travel). A specialty was imagining scientifically plausible non-Earthlike planets. Perhaps the best known was the planet of ''The Man Who Counts'' in which Anderson adjusted its size and composition so that humans could live in the open air but flying intelligent aliens could evolve, and he explored the consequences of those adjustments.


He died of [[prostate cancer]] on July 31, 2001, after a month in the hospital. A few of his novels were first published posthumously.
===Space and liberty===
In many stories, Anderson commented on society and politics. Whatever other vicissitudes his views went through, he firmly retained his belief in the direct and inextricable connection between human liberty and expansion into space, for which reason he strongly cried out against any idea of space exploration being "a waste of money" or "unnecessary luxury".


==Awards, honors and nominations==
The connection between space flight and freedom is clearly (as is stated explicitly in some of the stories) an extension of the 19th-century American concept of the [[Frontier]], where malcontents can advance further and claim some new land, and pioneers either bring life to barren asteroids (as in ''Tales of the Flying Mountains'') or settle on Earth-like planets teeming with life, but not intelligent forms (such as New Europe in ''Star Fox'').
[[File:Planet stories 195101.jpg|thumb|Anderson's novella ''Witch of the Demon Seas'' (published under his "A. A. Craig" byline) was the cover story in the January 1951 issue of ''[[Planet Stories]]''.]]

[[File:Galaxy 195104.jpg|thumb|Anderson's novelette "Inside Earth" was the cover story in the April 1951 issue of ''[[Galaxy Science Fiction]]''.]]
As he repeatedly expressed in his nonfiction essays, Anderson firmly held that going into space was not an unnecessary luxury but an existential need, and that abandoning space would doom humanity to "a society of brigands ruling over peasants."

That is graphically expressed in the chilling short story "Welcome". In it, humanity has abandoned space and is left with an overcrowded Earth where a small elite not only treats all the rest as chattel slaves, but also regularly practices [[cannibalism]], their chefs preparing "roast [[suckling]] [[coolie]]" for their banquets.

Conversely, in the bleak [[Orwellian]] world of "The High Ones" where the [[Soviets]] have won the [[Third World War]] and gained control of the whole of Earth, the dissidents still have some hope, precisely because space flight has not been abandoned. By the end of the story, rebels have established themselves at another stellar system—where their descendants, the reader is told, would eventually build a liberating fleet and set out back to Earth.

===World government===
While horrified by the prospect of the Soviets winning complete rule over the Earth, Anderson was not enthusiastic about having Americans in that role either. Several stories and books describing the aftermath of a total US victory in another world war, such as "Sam Hall" and its loose sequel "Three Worlds to Conquer" as well as "Shield", are scarcely less bleak than the above-mentioned depictions of a Soviet victory. Like Heinlein in "[[Solution Unsatisfactory]]", Anderson assumed that the imposition of US military rule over the rest of the world would necessarily entail the destruction of the USA's democracy and the imposition of a harsh tyrannical rule over its own citizens.

Both Anderson's depiction of a Soviet-dominated world and that of a US-dominated one mention a rebellion breaking out in [[Brazil]] in the early 21st century, which is in both cases brutally put down by the dominant world power—the Brazilian rebels being characterized as "counter-revolutionaries" in the one case and as "communists" in the other.

In the early years of the [[Cold War]]—when he had been, as described by his later, more [[Conservatism in the United States|conservative]] self, a "flaming [[Modern liberalism in the United States|liberal]]"—Anderson pinned his hopes on the [[United Nations]] developing into a true [[world government]]. This is especially manifest in "[[Un-man]]", a future thriller where the 'Good Guys' are agents of the [[United Nations|UN]] Secretary General working to establish a [[world government]] while the 'Bad Guys' are nationalists (especially American nationalists) who seek to preserve their respective nations' sovereignty at all costs. (The title has a double meaning: the hero is literally an UN man and has superhuman abilities which make his enemies fear him as an "un-man").

Anderson and his wife were among those who in 1968 signed a pro-[[Vietnam War]] advertisement in ''Galaxy Science Fiction''.<ref name="vietnamads">{{Cite magazine |date=June 1968 |title=Paid Advertisement |magazine=Galaxy Science Fiction |pages=4–11}}</ref> By then, Anderson had repudiated world government; a half-humorous remnant is the beginning of ''[[Tau Zero]]'': a future in which the nations of the world entrusted Sweden with overseeing disarmament and found themselves living under the rule of the Swedish Empire. In ''[[The Star Fox]]'', he unfavorably depicts a future peace group called "World Militants for Peace". A more explicit expression of the same appears in the later ''[[The Shield of Time]]'' where a time-traveling young American woman from the 1990s pays a brief visit to a university campus of the 1960s and is not enthusiastic about what she sees there.

===Libertarianism===
Anderson often returned to [[right-libertarianism]] and to the business leader as hero, most notably his character [[Nicholas van Rijn]]. Van Rijn is different from the archetype of a modern type of business executive, being more reflective of a Dutch Golden Age merchant of the 17th century. If he spends any time in boardrooms or plotting corporate takeovers, the reader remains ignorant of it since nearly all his appearances are in the wilds of a space frontier.

Beginning in the 1970s, Anderson's historically grounded works were influenced by the theories of the historian [[John K. Hord]], who argued that all empires follow the same broad cyclical pattern, into which the Terran Empire of the [[Dominic Flandry]] [[spy fiction|spy stories]] fit neatly.

The writer [[Sandra Miesel]] (1978) has argued that Anderson's overarching theme is the struggle against [[entropy]] and the [[heat death of the universe]], a condition of perfect uniformity in which nothing can happen.

===Fairness to adversaries===
In his numerous books and stories depicting conflict in science fiction or fantasy settings, Anderson takes trouble to make both sides' points of view comprehensible. Even if the author's point of view is obvious, the antagonists are usually depicted not as villains but as honorable on their own terms. The reader is given access to antagonists' thoughts and feelings, and they often have a tragic dignity in defeat. Typical examples are ''[[The Winter of the World]]'' and ''[[The People of the Wind]]''.

A common theme in Anderson's works, with obvious origins in the Northern European legends, is that doing the "right" (wisest) thing often involves performing actions that at face value seem dishonorable, illegal, destructive, or downright evil. ''The Man who Counts'', Nicholas van Rijn is "The Man" because he is prepared to be tyrannical and callously manipulative so that he and his companions can survive. In "High Treason", the protagonist disobeys orders and betrays his subordinates to prevent a war crime that would bring severe retribution upon humanity. In ''A Knight of Ghosts and Shadows'', Dominic Flandry first (effectively) lobotomizes his own son and then bombards the home planet of the Chereionite race to do his duty and prop up the Terran Empire. Such actions affect their characters in different ways, and dealing with the repercussions of having done the "right" (but unpleasant) thing is often the major focus of his short stories. The general lesson seems to be that guilt is the penalty for action.

In ''The Star Fox'', a relationship of grudging respect is built up between the hero, space privateer Gunnar Heim, and his enemy Cynbe, an exceptionally gifted Alerione trained from a young age to understand his species' human enemies to the point of being alienated from his own kind. In the final scene, Cynbe challenges Heim to a space battle which only one of them would survive. Heim accepts, whereupon Cynbe says, "I thank you, my brother."

===Underestimation of "primitives" as a costly mistake===
Anderson set much of his work in the past, often with the addition of magic or in alternate or future worlds that resemble past eras. A specialty was his ancestral Scandinavia, as in his novel versions of the legends of [[Hrólf Kraki]] (''[[Hrolf Kraki's Saga]]'') and [[Haddingus]] (''The War of the Gods''). Frequently he presented such worlds as superior to the dull, over-civilized present. Notable depictions of this superiority are the prehistoric world of ''The Long Remembering'', the quasi-[[Middle Ages|medieval]] society of "[[No Truce with Kings]]", and the untamed [[Jupiter]] of "[[Call Me Joe]]" and ''[[Three Worlds to Conquer]]''. He handled the lure and power of atavism satirically in ''Pact'', critically in "[[The Queen of Air and Darkness (novella)|The Queen of Air and Darkness]]" and ''The Night Face'', and tragically in "Goat Song".

His 1965 novel ''[[The Corridors of Time]]'' alternates between the European [[Stone Age]] and a repressive future. In this vision of tomorrow, almost everyone is either an agricultural [[serf]] or an [[industrial slave]], but the rulers genuinely believe they are creating a better world. Set largely in [[Denmark]], it treats the [[Neolithic]] society with knowledge and respect does but not hide its faults. The protagonist, having access to literally all periods of the past and future, finally decides to settle down in that era and finds a happy and satisfying life.

In many stories, a representative of a technologically advanced society underestimates "primitives" and pays a high price for it. In ''[[The High Crusade]]'', aliens who land in medieval England in the expectation of an easy conquest find that they are not immune to swords and arrows. In "The Only Game in Town", a Mongol warrior, while not knowing that the two "magicians" he meets are time travelers from the future, correctly guesses their intentions—and captures them with the help of the "magic" flashlight they had given him in an attempt to impress him. In another time-travel tale, ''[[The Shield of Time]]'', a "time policeman" from the 20th century, equipped with information and technologies from much further in the future, is outwitted by a medieval knight and barely escapes with his life. Yet another story, "[[The Man Who Came Early]]", features a 20th-century [[US Army]] soldier stationed in [[Iceland]] who is transported to the 10th century. Although he is full of ideas, his lack of practical knowledge of how to implement them and his total unfamiliarity with the technology and customs of the period leads to his downfall.

Anderson wrote the short essay "[[Uncleftish Beholding]]", an introduction to atomic theory, using only Germanic-rooted words. Fitting his love for olden years, that kind of learned writing has been named [[Ander-Saxon]] after him.
<!--If you edit this paragraph, please keep it in Ander-Saxon. Why? -->

===Tragic conflicts===
The story told in ''[[The Shield of Time]]'' is also an example of a tragic conflict, another common theme in Anderson's writing. The knight tries to do his best in terms of his own society and time, but his actions might bring about a horrible 20th century (even more horrible than that actually occurred). Therefore, the Time Patrol protagonists, who like the young knight and wish him well (the female protagonist comes close to falling in love with him), have no choice but to fight and ultimately kill him.

In ''[[The Sorrow of Odin the Goth]]'', a time-travelling anthropologist is assigned to study the culture of an ancient [[Goths|Gothic]] tribe by regular visits every few decades. Gradually, he is drawn into close involvement and feels protective towards the Goths (many of them are his own descendants because of a brief and poignant liaison with a Gothic, girl who dies in childbirth). The Goths identify him as the god [[Odin]]/[[Wodan]]. He finds that he must cruelly betray his beloved Goths since a ballad says that Odin did so; failure to fulfill his prescribed role might change history and bring the whole of the actual 20th century crashing down. In the final scene, he cries out in anguish: "Not even the gods can defy the [[Norns]]!", giving a new twist to that central aspect of the [[Norse paganism|Norse]] religion.

In "[[The Pirate (Anderson)|The Pirate]]", the hero is duty-bound to deny a band of people from societies blighted by poverty the chance for a new start on a new planet since their settling the planet would eradicate the remnants of the artistic and articulate beings who lived there earlier. A similar theme but with much higher stakes appears in "Sister Planet": although [[terraforming]] [[Venus]] would provide new hope to starving people on the overcrowded Earth, it would exterminate Venus's just-discovered intelligent race, and the hero can avert that genocide only by murdering his best friends.

In "[[Delenda Est]]" the stakes are the highest imaginable. Time-travelling outlaws have created a new 20th century that is "not better or worse, just completely different". The hero can fight the outlaws and restore his (and our) familiar history but only at the price of totally destroying the vast world that has taken its place. "Risking your neck in order to negate a world full of people like yourself" is how the hero describes what he eventually undertakes.

==Awards and honors==
* [[Gandalf Award|Gandalf Grand Master of Fantasy]] (1978)<ref name=SFAwards />
* [[Gandalf Award|Gandalf Grand Master of Fantasy]] (1978)<ref name=SFAwards />
* [[Hugo Award]] (seven wins)<ref name="WWE-Hugo"/>
* [[Hugo Award]] (seven times)<ref name="WWE-Hugo">{{cite web |url=http://www.worldswithoutend.com/books_hugo_index.asp |title=Science Fiction & Fantasy Books by Award: Complete Hugo Award novel listing |work=Worlds Without End |accessdate=2009-03-28}}</ref>
* [[Campbell award (best novel)|John W. Campbell Memorial Award]] (2000)<ref name="WWE-2000">{{cite web |url=http://www.worldswithoutend.com/books_year_index.asp?Year=2000 |title=Science Fiction & Fantasy Books by Award: 2000 Award Winners & Nominees |work=Worlds Without End |accessdate=2009-03-28}}</ref>
* [[Campbell award (best novel)|John W. Campbell Memorial Award]] (2000)<ref name="WWE-2000">{{cite web |url=http://www.worldswithoutend.com/books_year_index.asp?Year=2000 |title=Science Fiction & Fantasy Books by Award: 2000 Award Winners & Nominees |work=Worlds Without End |access-date=2009-03-28}}</ref>
* [[Locus Award]] (41 nominations; one win, 1972)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.locusmag.com/SFAwards/Db/LocusNomList.html#109 |title=Anderson, Poul |work=The Locus Index to SF Awards: Locus Award Nominees List |publisher=Locus Publications |accessdate=2009-08-24 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514220412/http://locusmag.com/SFAwards/Db/LocusNomList.html |archivedate=2012-05-14 }}</ref>
* [[Inkpot Award]] (1986)<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.comic-con.org/awards/inkpot| title = Inkpot Award| date = December 6, 2012}}</ref>
* [[Locus Award]] (41 nominations; one win, 1972)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.locusmag.com/SFAwards/Db/LocusNomList.html#109 |title=Anderson, Poul |work=The Locus Index to SF Awards: Locus Award Nominees List |publisher=Locus Publications |access-date=2009-08-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514220412/http://locusmag.com/SFAwards/Db/LocusNomList.html |archive-date=2012-05-14 }}</ref>
* [[Mythopoeic Fantasy Award]] (one win (1975))<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mythsoc.org/awards/winners/ |title=Mythopoeic Society Award Winners |publisher=[[Mythopoeic Society]] |accessdate=2011-03-06 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006192054/http://www.mythsoc.org/awards/winners/ |archivedate=2014-10-06 }}</ref>
* [[Mythopoeic Fantasy Award]] (one win (1975))<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mythsoc.org/awards/awards-winners.htm |title=Mythopoeic Society Award Winners |publisher=[[Mythopoeic Society]] }}</ref>
* [[Nebula Award]] (three times)<ref name="WWE-Nebula">{{cite web |url=http://www.worldswithoutend.com/books_nebula.asp |title=Science Fiction & Fantasy Books by Award: The Nebula Award |work=Worlds Without End |accessdate=2009-03-28}}</ref>
* [[Nebula Award]] (three wins)<ref name="WWE-Nebula"/>
* [[Pegasus Award]] (best adaptation, with [[Anne Passovoy]]) (1998)
* [[Pegasus Award]] (best adaptation, with [[Anne Passovoy]]) (1998)
* [[Prometheus Award]] (four times, including Special Prometheus Award for Lifetime Achievement in 2001)
* [[Prometheus Award]] (five wins including the Hall of Fame award as well as Special Prometheus Award for Lifetime Achievement in 2001)<ref name="WWE-Prometheus">{{cite web |url=https://www.worldswithoutend.com/books_prometheus_index.asp |title=Science Fiction & Fantasy Books by Award: Complete Prometheus Award novel listing |work=Worlds Without End |access-date=2024-02-13}}</ref>
* [[SFWA Grand Master]] (1997)<ref name=SFWA />
* [[SFWA Grand Master]] (1997)<ref name=SFWA />
* [[EMP Museum#Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame|Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame]] (2000)<ref name=sfhof-old />
* [[EMP Museum#Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame|Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame]] (2000)<ref name=sfhof-old />
* Asteroid [[7758 Poulanderson]], discovered by [[Eleanor Helin]] at [[Palomar Observatory|Palomar]] in 1990, was named in his honor.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The official {{MoMP|7758|naming citation}} was published by the [[Minor Planet Center]] shortly after his death on 2 September 2001 ({{small|[[Minor Planet Circulars|M.P.C.]] 43381}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />
* Asteroid [[7758 Poulanderson]], discovered by [[Eleanor Helin]] at [[Palomar Observatory|Palomar]] in 1990, was named in his honor.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The official {{MoMP|7758|naming citation}} was published by the [[Minor Planet Center]] on September 2, 2001, a month after his death ({{small|[[Minor Planet Circulars|M.P.C.]] 43381}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />


== Bibliography ==
== Bibliography ==
Line 139: Line 64:
{{see also|:Category:Works by Poul Anderson}}
{{see also|:Category:Works by Poul Anderson}}


== See also ==
==Fictional appearances==
* {{Portal-inline|Speculative fiction}}
[[Philip K. Dick]]'s story "[[Waterspider]]" features Poul Anderson as one of the main characters.


== Explanatory notes ==
In the opening of [[S.M. Stirling]]'s novel ''[[In the Courts of the Crimson Kings]]'', a group of science fiction authors, including Poul Anderson, watch first contact with the book's Martians while attending an SF convention. Anderson supplies the beer.
{{Notelist}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}


== References ==
== References ==
Line 151: Line 74:


<ref name=isfdb>
<ref name=isfdb>
{{ISFDB name |3}} (ISFDB). Retrieved April 22, 2013.</ref>
{{isfdb name |3}} ('''ISFDB'''). Retrieved 2013-04-22. Select a title to see its linked publication history and general information. Select a particular edition (title) for more data at that level, such as a front cover image or linked contents.</ref>


<ref name=SFAwards>
<ref name=SFAwards>
[http://www.locusmag.com/SFAwards/Db/NomLit3.html#109 "Anderson, Poul"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016200524/http://locusmag.com/SFAwards/Db/NomLit3.html |date=2012-10-16 }}.
[http://www.locusmag.com/SFAwards/Db/NomLit3.html#109 "Anderson, Poul"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016200524/http://locusmag.com/SFAwards/Db/NomLit3.html |date=October 16, 2012 }}.
''The Locus Index to SF Awards: Index of Literary Nominees''. [[Locus Publications]]. Retrieved 2013-03-22.</ref>
''The Locus Index to SF Awards: Index of Literary Nominees''. [[Locus Publications]]. Retrieved March 22, 2013.</ref>


<ref name=SFWA>
<ref name=SFWA>
[http://www.sfwa.org/nebula-awards/nebula-weekend/events-program/grandmaster/ "Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110701114233/http://www.sfwa.org/nebula-awards/nebula-weekend/events-program/grandmaster/ |date=2011-07-01 }}. Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA). Retrieved 2013-03-22.</ref>
[http://www.sfwa.org/nebula-awards/nebula-weekend/events-program/grandmaster/ "Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110701114233/http://www.sfwa.org/nebula-awards/nebula-weekend/events-program/grandmaster/ |date=July 1, 2011 }}. Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA). Retrieved March 22, 2013.</ref>


<ref name=sfhof-old>
<ref name=sfhof-old>
[http://www.midamericon.org/halloffame/ "Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521070009/http://www.midamericon.org/halloffame/ |date=2013-05-21 }}. Mid American Science Fiction and Fantasy Conventions, Inc. Retrieved 2013-03-22. This was the official website of the hall of fame to 2004.</ref>
[http://www.midamericon.org/halloffame/ "Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521070009/http://www.midamericon.org/halloffame/ |date=May 21, 2013 }}. Mid American Science Fiction and Fantasy Conventions, Inc. Retrieved March 22, 2013. This was the official website of the hall of fame to 2004.</ref>


<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
Line 167: Line 90:
|work = Minor Planet Center
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=7758
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=7758
|accessdate = 21 November 2019}}</ref>
|access-date = November 21, 2019}}</ref>


<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web
<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web
Line 173: Line 96:
|work = Minor Planet Center
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html
|accessdate = 21 November 2019}}</ref>
|access-date = November 21, 2019}}</ref>


}} <!-- end of reflist -->
}} <!-- end of reflist -->


== Sources ==
{{Refbegin}}
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite book |author=Miesel, Sandra |title=Against Time's Arrow: The High Crusade of Poul Anderson |publisher=[[Borgo Press]] |year=1978 |isbn=0-89370-124-6 |authorlink=Sandra Miesel}}
* {{cite book |author=Miesel, Sandra |title=Against Time's Arrow: The High Crusade of Poul Anderson |publisher=[[Borgo Press]] |year=1978 |isbn=0-89370-124-6 |author-link=Sandra Miesel}}
* {{cite book |last=Tuck |first=Donald H. |authorlink=Donald H. Tuck |title=The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy |location=Chicago |publisher=Advent |pages=8–10 |year=1974 |isbn=0-911682-20-1}}
* {{cite book |last=Tuck |first=Donald H. |author-link=Donald H. Tuck |title=The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy |location=Chicago |publisher=Advent |pages=8–10 |year=1974 |isbn=0-911682-20-1}}
{{Refend}}
{{Refend}}

{{Portal |Speculative fiction}} <!-- delete "bar" if/when there are enough ordinary See also -->


==External links==
==External links==
Line 188: Line 110:
{{Commons category|Poul Anderson}}
{{Commons category|Poul Anderson}}
* [http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/a/poul-anderson/ Bio, bibliography and book covers] at FantasticFiction
* [http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/a/poul-anderson/ Bio, bibliography and book covers] at FantasticFiction
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050912025742/http://www.sfwa.org/news/panderson.htm Obituary and tributes] from the [[Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America|SFWA]] {{dead link |date=April 2013}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050912025742/http://www.sfwa.org/news/panderson.htm Obituary and tributes] from the [[Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America|SFWA]]
* [http://poulandersonappreciation.blogspot.com/ Poul Anderson Appreciation], by Dr. Paul Shackley
* [http://poulandersonappreciation.blogspot.com/ Poul Anderson Appreciation], by Dr. Paul Shackley
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060317035846/http://www.dpsinfo.com/williamtenn/poulanderson.html Poul Anderson], an essay by [[William Tenn]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060317035846/http://www.dpsinfo.com/williamtenn/poulanderson.html Poul Anderson], an essay by [[William Tenn]]
* [http://www.sca.org/ The Society for Creative Anachronism], of which Poul Anderson was a founding member
* [http://www.sca.org/ The Society for Creative Anachronism], of which Poul Anderson was a founding member
* [http://www.fantasyliterature.net/andersonpoul.html The King of Ys review at FantasyLiterature.net]
* [http://www.fantasyliterature.net/andersonpoul.html ''The King of Ys'' review at FantasyLiterature.net] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080917122551/http://www.fantasyliterature.net/andersonpoul.html |date=September 17, 2008 }}
* {{sfhof |920 |Poul Anderson}}
* {{Sfhof |920 |Poul Anderson}}
* {{LCAuth|n79044004|Poul Anderson|135|}}
* {{isfdb name|3}}
* {{ISFDB name|3}}
* {{IBList|type=author|id=594|name=Poul Anderson}}
* {{IBList|type=author|id=594|name=Poul Anderson}}
* {{curlie|Arts/People/A/Anderson,_Poul|Poul Anderson}}
* {{LCAuth|n79044004|Poul Anderson|134|}}


;By Poul Anderson
; By Poul Anderson
* {{StandardEbooks|Standard Ebooks URL=https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/poul-anderson}}
* {{Gutenberg author |id=25203 | name=Poul Anderson}}
* {{Gutenberg author |id=25203 | name=Poul Anderson}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Poul Anderson |sopt=t}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Poul Anderson |sopt=t}}
Line 205: Line 127:
* {{OL author}}
* {{OL author}}
* [http://www.sfwa.org/2005/01/on-thud-and-blunder/ On Thud and Blunder], an essay by Anderson on fantasy fiction, from the SFWA
* [http://www.sfwa.org/2005/01/on-thud-and-blunder/ On Thud and Blunder], an essay by Anderson on fantasy fiction, from the SFWA
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051215010928/http://www.freesfonline.de/authors/andersonp.html Poul Anderson's online fiction] at [http://freesfonline.de/ Free Speculative Fiction Online]
* [https://www.freesfonline.net/authors/Poul_Anderson.html Poul Anderson's online fiction] at Free Speculative Fiction Online
* [http://www.sfwa.org/hidden-pages/estates-contact-information/ SFWA directory of literary estates]
* [http://www.sfwa.org/hidden-pages/estates-contact-information/ SFWA directory of literary estates]


{{Poul Anderson}}
{{Poul Anderson}}
{{Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Awards}}
{{Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Awards}}
{{Hugo Award Best Novella}}
{{Hugo Award Best Novelette}}
{{Hugo Award Best Short Story 1961–1980}}
{{Inkpot Award 1980s}}
{{Locus Award Best Short Story}}
{{Nebula Award Best Novella}}
{{Nebula Award Best Novelette}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


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[[Category:1926 births]]
[[Category:1926 births]]
[[Category:2001 deaths]]
[[Category:2001 deaths]]
[[Category:American fantasy writers]]
[[Category:20th-century American male writers]]
[[Category:20th-century American novelists]]
[[Category:21st-century American novelists]]
[[Category:American alternate history writers]]
[[Category:American alternate history writers]]
[[Category:American fantasy writers]]
[[Category:American libertarians]]
[[Category:American male novelists]]
[[Category:American male novelists]]
[[Category:American people of Danish descent]]
[[Category:American people of Danish descent]]
[[Category:American science fiction writers]]
[[Category:American science fiction writers]]
[[Category:Analog Science Fiction and Fact people]]
[[Category:Caedmon Records artists]]
[[Category:Conan the Barbarian novelists]]
[[Category:Conan the Barbarian novelists]]
[[Category:Filkers]]
[[Category:Filkers]]
[[Category:Hugo Award-winning writers]]
[[Category:Inkpot Award winners]]
[[Category:Nebula Award winners]]
[[Category:Novelists from Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:People from Bristol, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:People from Bristol, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:People from Orinda, California]]
[[Category:Pulp fiction writers]]
[[Category:Science Fiction Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:Science Fiction Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:SFWA Grand Masters]]
[[Category:SFWA Grand Masters]]
[[Category:Society for Creative Anachronism]]
[[Category:University of Minnesota alumni]]
[[Category:University of Minnesota alumni]]
[[Category:Novelists from Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Writers from the San Francisco Bay Area]]
[[Category:Writers from the San Francisco Bay Area]]
[[Category:Society for Creative Anachronism]]
[[Category:21st-century American male writers]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers Association]]
[[Category:20th-century American novelists]]
[[Category:20th-century American male writers]]
[[Category:American founders]]
[[Category:21st-century American novelists]]
[[Category:People from Orinda, California]]
[[Category:American libertarians]]
[[Category:Pulp fiction writers]]

Latest revision as of 09:41, 27 December 2024

For other people with similar names, see Poul Andersen (disambiguation) and Paul Anderson.

Poul Anderson
Anderson at Polcon in 1985
Anderson at Polcon in 1985
BornPoul William Anderson
(1926-11-25)November 25, 1926
Bristol, Pennsylvania, U.S.
DiedJuly 31, 2001(2001-07-31) (aged 74)
Orinda, California, U.S.[1][2]
Pen nameA. A. Craig
Michael Karageorge
Winston P. Sanders
P. A. Kingsley[3]
OccupationWriter
NationalityAmerican
Period1948–2001
GenreScience fiction
Fantasy
Mystery
Historical fiction
Notable works

Poul William Anderson (November 25, 1926 – July 31, 2001)[4] was an American fantasy and science fiction author who was active from the 1940s until his death in 2001. Anderson also wrote historical novels. He won the Hugo Award seven times and the Nebula Award three times, and was nominated many more times for awards.[5][6]

Biography

[edit]

Poul Anderson was born on November 25, 1926, in Bristol, Pennsylvania to Danish parents.[7] Soon after his birth, his father, Anton Anderson, relocated the family to Texas, where they lived for more than ten years. After Anton Anderson's death, his widow took the children to Denmark. The family returned to the United States after the beginning of World War II, settling eventually on a Minnesota farm.

While he was an undergraduate student at the University of Minnesota, Anderson's first stories were published by editor John W. Campbell in the magazine Astounding Science Fiction: "Tomorrow's Children" by Anderson and F. N. Waldrop in March 1947 and a sequel, "Chain of Logic" by Anderson alone, in July.[a] He earned his BA in physics with honors but became a freelance writer after he graduated in 1948. His third story was printed in the December Astounding.[8]

Anderson married Karen Kruse in 1953 and relocated with her to the San Francisco Bay area.[9] Their daughter Astrid (later married to science fiction author Greg Bear[10]) was born in 1954[citation needed]. They made their home in Orinda, California.[11] Over the years Poul gave many readings at The Other Change of Hobbit bookstore in Berkeley; his widow later donated his typewriter and desk to the store.[citation needed]

In 1954, he published the fantasy novel The Broken Sword, one of his most known works.

In 1965, Algis Budrys said that Anderson "has for some time been science fiction's best storyteller".[12] He was a founding member of the Society for Creative Anachronism (SCA) in 1966 and of the Swordsmen and Sorcerers' Guild of America (SAGA), also during the mid-1960s. The latter was a group of Heroic fantasy authors organized by Lin Carter, originally eight in number, with entry by credentials as a fantasy writer alone. Anderson was the sixth President of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, taking office in 1972.

Robert A. Heinlein dedicated his 1985 novel The Cat Who Walks Through Walls to Anderson and eight of the other members of the Citizens' Advisory Council on National Space Policy.[13][14]

The Science Fiction Writers of America made Anderson its 16th SFWA Grand Master in 1998.[15] In 2000's fifth class, he was inducted into the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame as one of two deceased and two living writers.[16]

He died of prostate cancer on July 31, 2001, after a month in the hospital. A few of his novels were first published posthumously.

Awards, honors and nominations

[edit]
Anderson's novella Witch of the Demon Seas (published under his "A. A. Craig" byline) was the cover story in the January 1951 issue of Planet Stories.
Anderson's novelette "Inside Earth" was the cover story in the April 1951 issue of Galaxy Science Fiction.

Bibliography

[edit]
Main article: Poul Anderson bibliography
See also: Category:Works by Poul Anderson

See also

[edit]

Explanatory notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Anderson continued his first two stories more than a decade later. He added a novella and an epilogue, constituting the collection of four pieces (termed a novel), Twilight World: A Science Fiction Novel of Tomorrow's Children (Dodd, Mead). Waldrop was not credited.[8]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Douglas Martin (August 3, 2001). "Poul Anderson, Science Fiction Novelist, Dies at 74". The New York Times. Retrieved October 24, 2018.
  2. ^ Harris M. Lentz III (2008). Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2001: Film, Television, Radio, Theatre ... McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. ISBN 9780786452064. Retrieved October 24, 2018.
  3. ^ Lee Gold. "Tracking Down The First Deliberate Use Of "Filk Song"". Retrieved August 11, 2007.
  4. ^ David V Barrett (August 4, 2001). "Obituary: Poul Anderson (Prolific writer of science fiction's golden age)". The Guardian. Retrieved October 25, 2018.
  5. ^ a b "Pennsylvania Center for the Book". Worlds Without End. Retrieved March 28, 2009.
  6. ^ a b "Science Fiction & Fantasy Books by Award: Complete Nebula Award novel listing". Worlds Without End. Retrieved February 13, 2024.
  7. ^ Barrett, David V. (August 6, 2001). "Poul Anderson: Prolific Writer of Science Fiction's Golden Age". The Guardian. Retrieved February 19, 2024.
  8. ^ a b Poul Anderson at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database (ISFDB). Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  9. ^ Martin, Douglas (August 3, 2001). "Poul Anderson, Science Fiction Novelist, Dies at 74". The New York Times. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
  10. ^ Holland, Steve (December 29, 2022). "Greg Bear obituary". the Guardian. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
  11. ^ "Writer Poul Anderson, 74, Dies". Washington Post. August 3, 2001. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
  12. ^ Budrys, Algis (February 1965). "Galaxy Bookshelf". Galaxy Science Fiction. pp. 153–159.
  13. ^ Heinlein, Robert A (1986). The Cat Who Walks Through Walls. New England Library. ISBN 0-450-39315-1.
  14. ^ Heinlein's Dedications Page Jane Davitt & Tim Morgan. Retrieved August 20, 2008.
  15. ^ a b "Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master" Archived July 1, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA). Retrieved March 22, 2013.
  16. ^ a b "Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame" Archived May 21, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Mid American Science Fiction and Fantasy Conventions, Inc. Retrieved March 22, 2013. This was the official website of the hall of fame to 2004.
  17. ^ "Anderson, Poul" Archived October 16, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. The Locus Index to SF Awards: Index of Literary Nominees. Locus Publications. Retrieved March 22, 2013.
  18. ^ "Science Fiction & Fantasy Books by Award: 2000 Award Winners & Nominees". Worlds Without End. Retrieved March 28, 2009.
  19. ^ "Inkpot Award". December 6, 2012.
  20. ^ "Anderson, Poul". The Locus Index to SF Awards: Locus Award Nominees List. Locus Publications. Archived from the original on May 14, 2012. Retrieved August 24, 2009.
  21. ^ "Mythopoeic Society Award Winners". Mythopoeic Society.
  22. ^ "Science Fiction & Fantasy Books by Award: Complete Prometheus Award novel listing". Worlds Without End. Retrieved February 13, 2024.
  23. ^ "7758 Poulanderson (1990 KT)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
  24. ^ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved November 21, 2019.

Sources

[edit]
[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to Poul Anderson.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Poul Anderson.
By Poul Anderson
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Poul_Anderson&oldid=1265522199"