Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance: Difference between revisions

Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
Abbreviation	INDIA
Chairman	Mallikarjun Kharge
Lok Sabha Leader	Rahul Gandhi (LOP)
Rajya Sabha Leader	Mallikarjun Kharge (LOP)
Founder	List Mallikarjun Kharge (INC); Rahul Gandhi (INC); Nitish Kumar (JD(U)); M. K. Stalin (DMK); Sharad Pawar (NCP(SP)); Lalu Prasad Yadav (RJD); Akhilesh Yadav (SP); Mamata Banerjee (AITC); Arvind Kejriwal (AAP); D. Raja (CPI); Farooq Abdullah (JKNC); Hemant Soren (JMM); Mehbooba Mufti (JKPDP); Sitaram Yechury (CPI(M)); Uddhav Thackeray (SS(UBT));
Founded	17 July 2023; 17 months ago
Preceded by	UPA; UO
Political position	Big tent
Colours	(Official); (Alternative)
ECI Status	Not Required
Alliance	37 Parties
Seats in Lok Sabha	238 / 543
Seats in Rajya Sabha	87 / 245
Seats in State Legislative Assemblies	1,658 / 4,036
Seats in State Legislative Councils	96 / 423
Number of states and union territories in government	10 / 31
	Politics of India; Political parties; Elections;

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Inline

Latest revision as of 15:42, 12 December 2024

The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA) is a big tent multi-party political alliance of several political parties in India led by the country's largest opposition party, the Indian National Congress.^[2] The alliance is in opposition to the ruling National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in the 2024 Indian general elections.^[3] In the 2024 general election, the alliance won 234 seats,^[b] gaining more than 100 seats from dissolution, and the majority of seats in states like Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and West Bengal. The BJP lost its sole majority, with the alliance forcing Modi to govern with his coalition, the NDA.

Etymology

The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance, commonly known by its backronym I.N.D.I.A.^[7] is an opposition front announced by the leaders of 28 parties to contest the 2024 Lok Sabha elections. The name was proposed during a meeting in Bengaluru and was unanimously adopted by the 28 participating parties. While some sources attribute the suggestion of the name to Rahul Gandhi, the leader of the Indian National Congress (INC),^[8] others mention that it was suggested by Mamata Banerjee, the Trinamool Congress (TMC) supremo and chief minister of West Bengal.^[9]

History

On September 25, 2022, Indian National Lok Dal (INLD) supremo Om Prakash Chautala hosted a rally in Fatehabad on the occasion of Former Deputy Prime Minister Devi Lal's birth anniversary. During this rally, the ideas of a national alliance were first openly called on stage. Chief Minister of Bihar Nitish Kumar had said "I'll urge all parties, including Congress, to get together and then they (BJP) will lost badly".^[10] JD(U) spokesperson K. C. Tyagi had also stated that the foundation of the alliance was during this same rally.^[11]

The first major Opposition parties' meeting, held in Patna, Bihar, was chaired by Nitish Kumar on 23 June 2023, when the proposal for a new alliance was put on the table. The meeting was attended by 16 Opposition parties. INLD was not included in this meeting.^[12]

The second meeting, was held in Bengaluru, Karnataka on 17–18 July. It was chaired by UPA Chairperson Sonia Gandhi when the proposal for an alliance was accepted and ten more parties were added to the list. The alliance's name was finalized and given the name Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance.^[13]

The third meeting was held in Mumbai, Maharashtra from 31 August to 1 September. The meeting was hosted by Shiv Sena (UBT) President Uddhav Thackeray and saw Sonia Gandhi, Rahul Gandhi, and chief ministers of 5 states in attendance. Over the two-day deliberations, the alliance discussed major electoral issues for the upcoming general elections, carved out the coordination committee, and passed a three-point resolution to fight 2024 Indian general elections together 'as far as possible'.^[14]^[15]

The fourth meeting was held in New Delhi on 19 December. The meeting was primarily held to discuss seat-sharing, joint rallies, and the prime ministerial face and/or convenor of the alliance. The alliance adopted a resolution to ensure maximum use of VVPATs in upcoming elections. "To enhance confidence in elections, VVPAT slips should be directly given to voters to self-verify and place in a separate box, instead of them falling into the main box. Eventually, all VVPAT slips must be 100% counted, ensuring truly free and fair elections," read the resolution passed by the alliance at the meeting. Seat sharing was also to be done by either 31 December 2023 or mid-January 2024. It was also decided that protests will be held across the country on 22 December 2023 against the suspensions of opposition MPs in the Indian Parliament. Some leaders said that the alliance would hold a grand joint rally at Patna on 30 January 2024, the death anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, although this was not officially announced.^[16]

The alliance held its 5th meeting virtually with some leaders not attending.^[17] Following the meeting, the Indian National Congress President Mallikarjun Kharge was declared the alliance chairperson.^[1] Members also had discussions about seat sharing.^[18] Nitish Kumar, the chief minister of Bihar, was offered the post of national convenor of the alliance which he declined.^[19] Kumar went on to join the National Democratic Alliance in the 2024 Bihar political crisis two weeks later.^[20]

Campaign

The bloc held its first event together on 22 December 2023, when nationwide protests were launched against the suspensions of opposition MPs in the Indian Parliament. Congress President Mallikarjun Kharge, party leader Rahul Gandhi, NCP President Sharad Pawar, CPI(M) leader Sitaram Yechury and other leaders held protests against the suspensions of MPs under the banner "Save Democracy" at Jantar Mantar, New Delhi.^[21]^[22]

The bloc's first joint rally was held in Patna, Bihar on 3 March 2024. The rally saw, among others, Kharge, Rahul Gandhi, Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) chief Lalu Prasad Yadav, former Bihar Deputy Chief Minister Tejashwi Yadav, Samajwadi Party supremo Akhilesh Yadav, and senior Left leaders Sitaram Yechury and D. Raja. Kharge attacked Kumar for frequently changing alliances and criticised the BJP for not fulfilling its promise of jobs and neglecting the country's poor and the majority.^[23]

Member parties

The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance comprises a diverse range of political parties from across India. The 37 member parties of the alliance are:^[24]

			Logo/Flag	Base	Political Position		Ref.(s)
National Parties
1	INC	Indian National Congress		National Party	Centre^[28]	Mallikarjun Kharge	^[8]^[9]
2	CPI(M)	Communist Party of India (Marxist)		National Party	Left-wing	Prakash Karat	^[21]
3	AAP	Aam Aadmi Party		National Party	Centre-left	Arvind Kejriwal	^[29]
State Parties
4	SP	Samajwadi Party		Uttar Pradesh	Left-wing	Akhilesh Yadav	^[30]^[31]
5	AITC	All India Trinamool Congress		West Bengal, Meghalaya	Centre	Mamata Banerjee	^[32]^[33]
6	DMK	Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam		Puducherry, Tamil Nadu	Centre-left	M. K. Stalin	^[34]^[3]
7	SHS(UBT)	Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)		Maharashtra	Centre-right to right-wing	Uddhav Thackeray	^[14]^[13]
8	NCP(SP)	Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)		Maharashtra, Kerala	Centre	Sharad Pawar	^[35]
9	RJD	Rashtriya Janata Dal		Bihar, Jharkhand	Centre-left to left-wing	Lalu Prasad Yadav	^[24]^[14]
10	JMM	Jharkhand Mukti Morcha		Jharkhand	Regionalism	Hemant Soren	^[36]
11	JKNC	Jammu and Kashmir National Conference		Jammu and Kashmir	Regionalism	Farooq Abdullah	^[37]
12	CPI	Communist Party of India		Kerala, Bihar, Telangana, Tamil Nadu	Left-wing	Doraisamy Raja	^[33]
13	CPI(ML)L	Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation		Bihar	Far-left	Dipankar Bhattacharya	^[20]
14	RSP	Revolutionary Socialist Party		Kerala	Far-left	Manoj Bhattacharya	^[32]
15	VCK	Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi		Tamil Nadu	Syncretic	Thol. Thirumavalavan	^[38]
16	IUML	Indian Union Muslim League		Kerala	Centre-right	K. M. Kader Mohideen	^[39]
17	MDMK	Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam		Tamil Nadu	Centre-left	Vaiko	^[40]
18	RLP	Rashtriya Loktantrik Party		Rajasthan	Regionalism	Hanuman Beniwal	^[41]^[42]
19	KMDK	Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi		Tamil Nadu	Indigenism	E. R. Eswaran	^[43]
20	BAP	Bharat Adivasi Party		Rajasthan	Regionalism	Rajkumar Roat	^[44]
21	MMK	Manithaneya Makkal Katchi		Tamil Nadu	Regionalism	M. H. Jawahirullah	^[45]
22	KC(M)	Kerala Congress (M)		Kerala	Centre-left to left-wing	Jose K. Mani	^[46]
23	KC	Kerala Congress		Kerala	Centre	P. J. Joseph	^[47]
24	PDP	Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party		Jammu and Kashmir	Regionalism	Mehbooba Mufti	^[48]
25	AIFB	All India Forward Bloc		West Bengal	Far-left	G. Devarajan	^[32]
26	PWPI	Peasants and Workers Party of India		Maharashtra	Left-wing	Jayant Prabhakar Patil	^[49]
27	RD	Raijor Dal		Assam	Left-wing	Akhil Gogoi	^[50]
28	AJP	Assam Jatiya Parishad		Assam	Regionalism	Lurinjyoti Gogoi	^[50]
29	AGM	Anchalik Gana Morcha		Assam	Regionalism	Ajit Kumar Bhuyan	^[50]
30	APHLC	All Party Hill Leaders Conference		Assam	Regionalism	Jonas Ingti Kathar (J. I. Kathar)	^[50]
31	MNM	Makkal Needhi Maiam		Tamil Nadu	Centre	Kamal Haasan	^[51]
32	GFP	Goa Forward Party		Goa	Regionalism	Vijai Sardesai	^[52]
33	VIP	Vikassheel Insaan Party		Bihar	Regionalism	Mukesh Sahni	^[53]
34	HP	Hamro Party		West Bengal	Regionalism	Ajoy Edwards	^[54]
35	PLP	Purvanchal Lok Parishad		Assam	Regionalism	Charan Chandra Deka
36	JDA	Jatiya Dal Assam		Assam	Regionalism	M.G. Hazarika	^[55]
37	SGP	Samajwadi Ganarajya Party		Maharashtra	Regionalism	Kapil Patil (Lok Bharati)	^[56]
	IND	Independent	INDEPENDENTS

Organisational structure

Organisational structure of the Alliance

	Coordination Committee and Election Strategy Committee	Campaign Committee	Working Group for Media	Working Group for Social Media	Working Group for Research
Aam Aadmi Party	Raghav Chadha	Sanjay Singh	Raghav Chadha	Raghav Chadha	Jasmine Shah
All India Forward Bloc	–	G. Devarajan	Naren Chatterjee	–	–
All India Trinamool Congress	Abhishek Banerjee	TBD	TBD	TBD	TBD
Communist Party of India	D. Raja	Binoy Viswam	Bhalchandran Kango	Bhalchandran Kango	–
Communist Party of India (Marxist)	TBD	Arun Kumar	Pranjal	Pranjal	–
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation	–	Ravi Rai	Sucheta Di	V Arun Kumar	–
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	T R Baalu	Tiruchi Siva	Kanimozhi Karunanidhi	Dayanidhi Maran	A Raja
Indian National Congress	K. C. Venugopal	Gurdeep Singh Sappal	Jairam Ramesh Pawan Khera	Supriya Srinate	Amitabh Dubey
Indian Union Muslim League	–	K. M. Kader Mohideen	–	–	–
Jammu & Kashmir National Conference	Omar Abdullah	Hasnain Masoodi	Tanvir Sadiq	Ifra Ja	Imran Nabi Dar
Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party	Mehbooba Mufti	Dr Mehboob Beg	Mohit Bhan	Iltija Mehbooba	Ad. Aditya
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha	Hemant Soren	Champai Soren	Supriyo Bhattacharya Alok Kumar	Avindani	Sudivya Kumar Sonu
Kerala Congress (M)	–	Jose K. Mani	–	–	–
Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)	Sharad Pawar	P C Chako	Jitendra Ahwad	–	Vandana Chavan
Rashtriya Janata Dal	Tejashwi Yadav	Sanjay Yadav	Manoj Jha	Sumit Sharma	Prof. Subodh Mehta
Revolutionary Socialist Party	–	N. K. Premachandran	–	–	–
Samajwadi Party	Javed Ali Khan	Kiranmoy Nanda	Ashish Yadav Rajeev Nigam	Ashish Yadav	Alok Ranjan
Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)	Sanjay Raut	Anil Desai	Arvind Sawant	–	Priyanka Chaturvedi
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi	–	Thirumavalavan	–	–	–

List of current chief ministers

State		Ministry	Portrait		Governing parties
Delhi	Atishi Marlena (AAP)	Marlena I	Vacant		AAP
Himachal Pradesh	Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu (INC)	Sukhu I		Mukesh Agnihotri (INC)	INC
Jammu and Kashmir	Omar Abdullah (JKNC)	Omar II		Surinder Kumar Choudhary (JKNC)	JKNC
					INC
					Independents
					AAP
					CPI(M)
Jharkhand	Hemant Soren (JMM)	Soren IV	Vaccant		JMM
					INC
					RJD
					CPI(M-L)L
Karnataka	Siddaramaiah (INC)	Siddaramaiah II		D. K. Shivakumar (INC)	INC
Karnataka	Siddaramaiah (INC)	Siddaramaiah II		D. K. Shivakumar (INC)	IND
Kerala	Pinarayi Vijayan (CPI(M))	Vijayan II	Vacant		CPI(M)
					CPI
					KC(M)
					JD(S)
					NCP (SP)
					RJD
					KC(B)
					C(S)
					INL
					NSC
					JKC
					IND
Punjab	Bhagwant Mann (AAP)	Mann I	Vacant		AAP
Tamil Nadu	M. K. Stalin (DMK)	Stalin I		Udhayanidhi (DMK)	DMK
					INC
					VCK
					CPI
					CPI(M)
Telangana	Revanth Reddy (INC)	Revanth Reddy I		Mallu Bhatti Vikramarka (INC)	INC
Telangana	Revanth Reddy (INC)	Revanth Reddy I		Mallu Bhatti Vikramarka (INC)	CPI
West Bengal	Mamata Banerjee (TMC)	Banerjee III	Vacant		TMC

Strength in parliament

Party-wise strength

The following is the party-wise strength of INDIA parties in the Parliament of India:

	Lok Sabha	Rajya Sabha	Presence
Indian National Congress (INC)^[c]	101 / 543	27 / 245	National Party
Samajwadi Party (SP)	37 / 543	4 / 245	Uttar Pradesh
All India Trinamool Congress (AITC)	28 / 543	12 / 245	West Bengal
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)	22 / 543	10 / 245	Tamil Nadu
Shiv Sena (UBT) (SHS-UBT)	9 / 543	2 / 245	Maharashtra
Nationalist Congress Party (SCP) (NCP-SP)	8 / 543	2 / 245	Maharashtra
Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD)	4 / 543	5 / 245	Bihar
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M))	4 / 543	4 / 245	National Party
Aam Aadmi Party (AAP)	3 / 543	10 / 245	National Party
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM)	3 / 543	3 / 245	Jharkhand
Indian Union Muslim League (IUML)	3 / 543	2 / 245	Kerala
Communist Party of India (CPI)	2 / 543	2 / 245	Tamil Nadu
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation (CPI(ML)L)	2 / 543	–	Bihar
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference (JKNC)	2 / 543	–	Jammu and Kashmir
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi (VCK)	2 / 543	–	Tamil Nadu
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (MDMK)	1 / 543	1 / 245	Tamil Nadu
Kerala Congress (KEC)	1 / 543	–	Kerala
Bharat Adivasi Party (BAP)	1 / 543	–	Rajasthan
Rashtriya Loktantrik Party (RLP)	1 / 543	–	Rajasthan
Revolutionary Socialist Party (India) (RSP)	1 / 543	–	Kerala
Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram) (ASP (KR))	1 / 245	–	Uttar Pradesh
Voice of the People Party (VPP)	1 / 543	–	Meghalaya
Anchalik Gana Morcha (AGM)	–	1 / 245	Assam
Kerala Congress (M) (KCM)	–	1 / 245	Kerala
IND	1 / 543	1 / 245	–
Total	238 / 543	87 / 245	India

State-UT-wise Strength

State/UT	Lok Sabha				Rajya Sabha
State/UT	Total Seats	INDIA		Overall Tally	Total Seats	INDIA		Overall Tally
Andaman and Nicobar	1	None
Andhra Pradesh	25	None			11	None
Arunachal Pradesh	2	None			1	None
Assam	14		INC (3)	3 / 14	7		AGM (1)	1 / 7
Bihar	40		RJD (4)	10 / 40	16		RJD (6)	7 / 16
			INC (4)				INC (1)
			CPI(ML)L (2)
Chandigarh	1		INC (1)	1 / 1	None
Chhattisgarh	10		INC (1)	1 / 11	5		INC (4)	4 / 5
Dadra and Nagar Haveli	2	None
Delhi	7	None			3		AAP (3)	3 / 3
Goa	2		INC (1)	1 / 2	1	None
Gujarat	26		INC (1)	1 / 26	11		INC (3)	3 / 11
Haryana	10		INC (5)	5 / 10	5		INC (1)	1 / 5
Himachal Pradesh	4	None			3	None
Jammu and Kashmir	5		JKNC (2)	2 / 5	4	None
Jharkhand	14		JMM (3)	5 / 14	6		JMM (2)	3 / 6
Jharkhand	14		INC (2)	5 / 14	6		INC (1)	3 / 6
Karnataka	28		INC (9)	9 / 28	12		INC (5)	5 / 12
Kerala	20		INC (14)	19 / 20	9		CPI(M) (4)	9 / 9
			IUML (2)				IUML (2)
			KEC (2)				INC (1)
			CPI(M) (1)				CPI (2)
			KEC (1)
Ladakh	1		IND (1)	1 / 1	None
Lakshadweep	1		INC (1)	1 / 1	None
Madhya Pradesh	29	None			11		INC (3)	3 / 11
Maharashtra	48		INC (14)	31 / 48	19		SS(UBT) (3)	9 / 19
			SS(UBT) (9)				INC (3)
			NCP-SP (8)				NCP-SP (3)
Manipur	2		INC (1)	2 / 2	1	None
Meghalaya	2		INC (1)	1 / 2	1
Mizoram	1	None			1
Nagaland	1		INC (1)	1 / 1	1
Odisha	21		INC (1)	1 / 21	10
Puducherry	1		INC (1)	1 / 1	1
Punjab	13		INC (7)	10 / 13	17		AAP (7)	7 / 7
Punjab	13		AAP (3)	10 / 13	17			7 / 7
Rajasthan	25		INC (8)	11 / 25	10		INC (6)	6 / 10
			RLP (1)
			BAP (1)
			CPI(M) (1)
Sikkim	1	None			1	None
Tamil Nadu	39		DMK (22)	39 / 39	18		DMK (10)	12 / 18
			INC (9)
			VCK (2)				INC (1)
			CPI (2)
			CPI(M) (2)				MDMK (1)
			IUML (1)
			MDMK (1)
Telangana	17		INC (8)	8 / 17	7		INC (4)	4 / 7
Tripura	2	None			1	None
Uttar Pradesh	80		SP (37)	43 / 80	31		SP (4)	5 / 31
Uttar Pradesh	80		INC (6)	43 / 80	31		IND (1)	5 / 31
Uttarakhand	5	None			3	None
West Bengal	42		AITC (29)	30 / 42	16		AITC (13)	14 / 16
West Bengal	42		INC (1)	30 / 42	16		CPI(M) (1)	14 / 16

Strength in legislative assemblies

State Wise strength in legislative assemblies
State/UT	Total Seats	Last Election	INDIA		Overall Tally	CM from
Andhra Pradesh	175	2024	None			TDP
Arunachal Pradesh	60	2024		INC (1)	1 / 60	BJP
Assam	126	2021		INC (23)	25 / 126	BJP
				CPI(M) (1)
				RD (1)
Bihar	243	2020		RJD (77)	109 / 243	JD(U)
				INC (17)
				CPI(ML)L (11)
				CPI (2)
				CPI(M) (2)
Chhattisgarh	90	2023		INC (35)	35 / 90	BJP
Delhi	70	2020		AAP (62)	62 / 70	AAP
Goa	40	2022		INC (3)	6 / 40	BJP
				AAP (2)
				GFP
Gujarat	182	2022		INC (12)	17 / 182	BJP
				AAP (4)
				SP (1)
Haryana	90	2024		INC (37)	37 / 90	BJP
Himachal Pradesh	68	2022		INC (40)	40 / 68	INC
Jammu and Kashmir	90	2024		JKNC (42)	59 / 90	JKNC
				INC (6)
				JKPDP (3)
				CPI(M) (1)
				AAP (1)
				Independent (5)
Jharkhand	81	2024		JMM (34)	56 / 81	JMM
				INC (16)
				RJD (4)
				CPI(ML)L (2)
Karnataka	224	2023		INC (138)	140 / 224	INC
Karnataka	224	2023		Independent (2)	140 / 224	INC
Kerala	140	2021		CPI(M) (61)	138 / 140	CPI(M)
				INC (21)
				CPI (17)
				IUML (15)
				KC(M) (5)
				KEC (2)
				NCP-SP (2)
Madhya Pradesh	230	2023		INC (65)	66 / 230	BJP
Madhya Pradesh	230	2023		BAP (1)	66 / 230	BJP
Maharashtra	288	2024		SS(UBT) (20)	49 / 288	SHS
				INC (15)
				NCP-SP (10)
				SP (2)
				PWPI (1)
				CPI(M) (1)
Manipur	60	2022		INC (5)	5 / 60	BJP
Meghalaya	60	2023		AITC (5)	6 / 60	NPP
Meghalaya	60	2023		INC (1)	6 / 60	NPP
Mizoram	40	2023		INC (1)	1 / 40	ZPM
Nagaland	60	2023	None			NDPP
Odisha	147	2024		INC (14)	15 / 147	BJP
Odisha	147	2024		CPI(M) (1)	15 / 147	BJP
Puducherry	33	2021		DMK (6)	8 / 33	AINRC
Puducherry	33	2021		INC (2)	8 / 33	AINRC
Punjab	117	2022		AAP (94)	110 / 117	AAP
Punjab	117	2022		INC (16)	110 / 117	AAP
Rajasthan	200	2023		INC (66)	70 / 200	BJP
Rajasthan	200	2023		BAP (4)	70 / 200	BJP
Sikkim	32	2024	None			SKM
Tamil Nadu	234	2021		DMK (133)	159 / 234	DMK
				INC (18)
				VCK (4)
				CPI (2)
				CPI(M) (2)
Telangana	119	2023		INC (75)	76 / 119	INC
Telangana	119	2023		CPI (1)	76 / 119	INC
Tripura	60	2023		CPI(M) (10)	13 / 60	BJP
Tripura	60	2023		INC (3)	13 / 60	BJP
Uttar Pradesh	403	2022		SP (108)	110 / 403	BJP
Uttar Pradesh	403	2022		INC (2)	110 / 403	BJP
Uttarakhand	70	2022		INC (20)	20 / 70	BJP
West Bengal	294	2021		AITC (226)	226 / 294	AITC
Total	4036			INDIA	1,658 / 4,036

Strength in legislative councils

State/UT	Total Seats	INDIA		Overall Tally	Party with a plurality/majority
Andhra Pradesh	58	None			TDP
Bihar	75		RJD (15)	20 / 75	JD(U)
			INC (2)
			CPI(ML)L (1)
			CPI (1)
Karnataka	75		INC (35)	35 / 75	INC
Maharashtra	78 (27-vaccant)		INC (7)	17 / 51	SHS
			SS(UBT) (7)
			NCP-SP (3)
Telangana	40		INC (14)	14 / 40	INC
Uttar Pradesh	100		SP (10)	10 / 100	BJP

Electoral Performances

Lok Sabha

Election	Seats won	Change	Total votes	Share of votes	Swing	Status	INDIA Chairman
2024 Lok Sabha Elections	234 / 543	New	TBD	40.6%	New	Opposition	Mallikarjun Kharge

Legislative Assembly

2024 Legislative Assembly elections

Election	Seats won	Change	Total votes	Share of votes	Swing	Status	Leadership
2024 Haryana Assembly election	37 / 90	New	5,464,975	39.34%	New	Opposition	Bhupinder Singh Hooda
2024 Jammu and Kashmir Assembly election	49 / 90	New	20,52,447	35.99%	New	Government	Farooq Abdullah Tariq Hameed Karra
2024 Maharashtra Assembly election	49 / 288	107	22,710,220	35.16%	{{{1}}}	Opposition	Sharad Pawar Udhav Thackeray Nana Patole
2024 Jharkhand Assembly election	56 / 81	9	7,911,028	44.33	8.98	Government	Hemant Soren Rameshwar Oraon Tejaswi Yadav

Candidates in election

2024 general elections

2024 general election

List of Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance candidates for the 2024 Indian general election

Seat sharing summary

INDIA parties seat sharing

Seat sharing under INDIA bloc^[57]^[58]^[59]^[60]
Party		States/UTs	Seats contested		Seats Won
	Indian National Congress	Karnataka	28	326	9	99
		Madhya Pradesh	27		0
		Andhra Pradesh	23		0
		Gujarat	23		1
		Rajasthan	22		8
		Odisha	20		1
		Maharashtra	17		13
		Telangana	17		8
		Uttar Pradesh	17		6
		Kerala	16		14
		Assam	13		3
		Punjab	13		7
		West Bengal	12		1
		Chhattisgarh	11		1
		Bihar	9		3
		Haryana	9		5
		Tamil Nadu	9		9
		Jharkhand	7		2
		Uttarakhand	5		0
		Himachal Pradesh	4		0
		Delhi	3		0
		Arunachal Pradesh	2		0
		Dadra Nagar Haveli and Daman Diu	2		0
		Goa	2		1
		Jammu and Kashmir	2		0
		Manipur	2		2
		Meghalaya	2		1
		Andaman and Nicobar Islands	1		0
		Chandigarh	1		1
		Ladakh	1		0
		Lakshadweep	1		1
		Mizoram	1		0
		Nagaland	1		1
		Puducherry	1		1
		Sikkim	1		0
		Tripura	1		0
	Samajwadi Party	Uttar Pradesh	62		37
	Communist Party of India (Marxist)	West Bengal	23	29	0	3
		Tamil Nadu	2		2
		Andhra Pradesh	1		0
		Bihar	1		0
		Rajasthan	1		1
		Tripura	1		0
	Rashtriya Janata Dal	Bihar	23	24	4	4
	Rashtriya Janata Dal	Jharkhand	1	24	0	4
	Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	Tamil Nadu	21	22	21	22
	Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi	Tamil Nadu	1	22	1	22
	Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)	Maharashtra	21		9
	Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)	Maharashtra	10		8
	Aam Aadmi Party	Delhi	4	7	0
		Gujarat	2
		Haryana	1
	Communist Party of India	Tamil Nadu	2	6	2	2
		West Bengal	2		0
		Andhra Pradesh	1		0
		Bihar	1		0
	Jharkhand Mukti Morcha	Jharkhand	5	6	3	3
	Jharkhand Mukti Morcha	Odisha	1	6	0	3
	Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation	Bihar	3	4	2	2
	Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation	Jharkhand	1	4	0	2
	Revolutionary Socialist Party	West Bengal	3	4	0	1
	Revolutionary Socialist Party	Kerala	1	4	1	1
	All India Forward Bloc	West Bengal	2	3	0
	All India Forward Bloc	Madhya Pradesh	1	3	0
	Indian Union Muslim League	Kerala	2	3	2	3
	Indian Union Muslim League	Tamil Nadu	1	3	1	3
	Jammu & Kashmir National Conference	Jammu and Kashmir	3		2
	Vikassheel Insaan Party	Bihar	3		0
	Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi	Tamil Nadu	2		2
	All India Trinamool Congress	Uttar Pradesh	1		0
	Assam Jatiya Parishad	Assam	1		0
	Bharat Adivasi Party	Rajasthan	1		1
	Kerala Congress	Kerala	1		1
	Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	Tamil Nadu	1		1
	Rashtriya Loktantrik Party	Rajasthan	1		1
Total			541		201

INDIA parties under regional coalition/outside the alliance

Seats contested by INDIA parties outside the alliance
Parties		States/UTs	Seats contested		Seats Won
	All India Trinamool Congress	West Bengal	42	47	29	29
		Assam	4		0
		Meghalaya	1		0
	All India Forward Bloc	Maharashtra	8	29	0
		Andhra Pradesh	5
		Uttar Pradesh	5
		Telangana	3
		Bihar	2
		Delhi	2
		Jammu and Kashmir	2
		Odisha	1
		West Bengal	1
	Communist Party of India	Uttar Pradesh	6	24	0
		Jharkhand	4
		Kerala	4
		Madhya Pradesh	3
		Punjab	3
		Assam	1
		Chhattisgarh	1
		Maharashtra	1
		Odisha	1
	Communist Party of India (Marxist)	Kerala	15	23	1	1
		Andaman and Nicobar Islands	1		0
		Assam	1
		Jharkhand	1
		Karnataka	1
		Maharashtra	1
		Odisha	1
		Punjab	1
		Telangana	1
	Bharat Adivasi Party	Madhya Pradesh	5	21	0
		Rajasthan	5
		Maharashtra	4
		Gujarat	2
		Jharkhand	2
		Andhra Pradesh	1
		Chhattisgarh	1
		Dadra Nagar Haveli and Daman Diu	1
	Aam Aadmi Party	Punjab	13	15	3	3
	Aam Aadmi Party	Assam	2	15	0	3
	Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi	Telangana	7	11	0
		Karnataka	2
		Andhra Pradesh	1
		Kerala	1
	Samajwadi Party	Andhra Pradesh	7	9	0
		Gujarat	1
		Odisha	1
	Revolutionary Socialist Party	Andhra Pradesh	3	6	0
		Punjab	2
		Telangana	1
	Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation	Andhra Pradesh	1	3	0
		Odisha	1
		West Bengal	1
	Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party	Jammu and Kashmir	3		0
	Indian National Congress	West Bengal	1	2	0
	Indian National Congress	Rajasthan	1	2	0
	Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)	Haryana	1	2	0
	Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)	Lakshadweep	1	2	0
	Kerala Congress (M)	Kerala	1		0
Total			196		33

Results

2024 general election



Party or alliance			Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance	Indian National Congress	136,759,064		99	+47
		Samajwadi Party	29,549,381		37	+32
		All India Trinamool Congress	28,213,393		29	+7
		Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	11,754,710		22	– 2
		Communist Party of India (Marxist)	11,342,553		4	+1
		Rashtriya Janata Dal	10,107,402		4	+4
		Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)	9,567,779		9	+9
		Aam Aadmi Party			3	+2
		Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)	5,921,162		8	+8
		Communist Party of India	3,157,184		2	0
		Jharkhand Mukti Morcha	2,652,955		3	+2
		Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation	1,736,771		2	+2
		Indian Union Muslim League	1,716,186		3	0
		Jammu and Kashmir National Conference	1,147,041		2	– 1
		Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi			2	+1
		Bharat Adivasi Party			1	+1
		Kerala Congress			1	0
		Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam			1	+1
		Rashtriya Loktantrik Party	596,955		1	0
		Revolutionary Socialist Party			1	0
		All India Forward Bloc	289,941		0	0
		Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party	435,980		0	0
		Vikassheel Insaan Party			0	0
		Assam Jatiya Parishad			0	0
		Kerala Congress (Mani)	277,365		0	0
		Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi			0	0
	Independents		2	-
Total			236	—
Total					236	0

Registered voters/turnout			968,821,926	–
Source: ECI

Ideology and objectives

According to the Congress president Mallikarjun Kharge, the alliance's ideology revolves around the principles of developmentalism, inclusivity, and social justice. By combining their efforts, the member parties aim to protect democratic values, promote welfare and progress, and counter what they perceive as an ideology that threatens the idea of India.^[61] It was formed with the objective of defeating the incumbent BJP led NDA in the 2024 Indian general election.

Resolution

The alliance passed a three-point resolution in its Mumbai meeting on 1 September 2023 to collectively contest 2024 Indian General elections.^[62]

We, the INDIA parties, hereby resolve to contest the forthcoming Lok Sabha elections together as far as possible. Seat-sharing arrangements in different states will be initiated immediately and concluded at the earliest in a collaborative spirit of give-and-take.
We, the INDIA parties, hereby resolve to organize public rallies at the earliest in different parts of the country on issues of public concern and importance.
We, the INDIA parties, hereby resolve to coordinate our respective communications and media strategies and campaigns with the theme Judega BHARAT, Jeetega INDIA in different languages.

Timeline

2024

Seat sharing

Assam

AAP declared candidates for three Lok Sabha seats in Assam after claiming they were tired of negotiations with Congress for seat sharing.^[29]

Delhi

The AAP is likely to fight on 4 seats whereas the Congress may get 3 seats in Delhi.^[63]^[64]

Punjab

The Congress and AAP declared that they will contest separately in Punjab, in what AAP supremo Arvind Kejriwal described as a "mutual agreement" with "no bad blood" between the parties.^[65]

Uttar Pradesh

On 21 February 2024, in a joint press conference, the Congress and the Samajwadi Party announced that the Congress will fight in 17 of the 80 seats in Uttar Pradesh, leaving the rest for other alliance members.^[30] There were also reported to be talks between the Congress and the SP for seat-sharing in Madhya Pradesh, in which the SP may be offered to contest the Khajuraho seat.^[31]

West Bengal

West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee announced on 24 January 2024 that the Trinamool Congress (TMC) party would run alone in the state's forthcoming general elections.^[32]^[66] Other members of the alliance will contest as part of there Secular Democratic Alliance.

Past members

	Base State	Leader	Year of withdrawal	Notes	Reference(s)
Janata Dal (United)	Bihar	Nitish Kumar	2024	Joined NDA.	^[67]^[68]
Rashtriya Lok Dal	Uttar Pradesh	Jayant Singh	2024	Joined NDA.	^[69]
Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)	Uttar Pradesh	Pallavi Patel	2024	Allied with All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen in PDM.	^[70]
Janvadi Party (Socialist)	Uttar Pradesh	Sanjay Chauhan	2024		^[71]

Exits

On 28 January 2024, Nitish Kumar resigned as the Chief Minister of Bihar and decided to leave the Mahagathbandhan alliance, a part of the INDIA bloc in Bihar, by expressing dissatisfaction with the functioning of the government. He rejoined the National Democratic Alliance (NDA).^[72]

The Rashtriya Lok Dal left the bloc to join the BJP-led NDA on 14 January 2024.^[73]

Note

^ Members consists of right-wing to far-left parties.
^ Two more Congress members also fought as independent outside the alliance and supported after elected as MP, taking the tally to 236. Later, one independent MP supported Congress, taking the tally to 237. Later lone MP from each ASP (KR) and VPP extended their suppport in issue based matters, making tally 238.
^ Including two more Congress members also fought as independent outside the alliance.

References

^ ^a ^b "Kharge named INDIA bloc chairperson, Nitish Kumar turns down convener post". Hindustan Times. 13 January 2024. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
^ "Opposition names alliance INDIA in run-up to 2024 elections". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
^ ^a ^b Sharanya Hrishikesh; Cherylann Mollan (18 July 2023). "Opposition meeting: 26 Indian parties form alliance to take on PM Modi". BBC News. Archived from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
^ Nair, Sobhana K. (18 July 2023). "Picking the name INDIA for alliance, Opposition parties frame 2024 battle as BJP vs the country". The Hindu. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
^ "PM Modi News Quit INDIA: PM Modi Slams Opposition's INDIA Alliance BJP vs INDIA". News18. 6 August 2023. Archived from the original on 7 August 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
^ Menon, Aditya (18 July 2023). "'INDIA' vs BJP: 5 Big Takeaways From the Opposition and NDA Meetings". TheQuint. Archived from the original on 7 August 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
^ ^[4]^[5]^[6]
^ ^a ^b Nair, Sobhana K. (18 July 2023). "Picking the name INDIA for alliance, Opposition parties frame 2024 battle as BJP vs the country". The Hindu. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
^ ^a ^b Ghosh, Poulomi (19 July 2023). "'Who gave INDIA name? Who can't arrive at consensus…': BJP's dig 10 points". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
^ "There is no fight between Hindus and Muslims; BJP wants to create disturbances: Nitish Kumar at INLD rally". The Economic Times. 25 September 2022. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
^ "INLD ready to join hands with Congress: Abhay Chautala". Hindustan Times. 17 September 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
^ "Tenets of unity: On the Opposition meet in Patna". The Hindu. 25 June 2023. Archived from the original on 12 August 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Opposition alliance named 'INDIA', 11-member coordination committee to decide on all important issues". The Times of India. 19 July 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 19 July 2023. Retrieved 19 July 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Live Updates: INDIA bloc forms 14-member coordination panel, says seat-sharing formula for 2024 Lok Sabha polls soon". The Indian Express. 1 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2 September 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
^ "I.N.D.I.A Opposition bloc 2-day meet ends, resolution adopted, coordination committee formed". IndiaTV. 1 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2 September 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
^ "Decode Politics: 5 takeaways from INDIA meet, from seat sharing pitfalls to PM face row". The Indian Express. 20 December 2023. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
^ "After Mamata, Uddhav skips INDIA bloc's key meeting today; cites pre-scheduled events". The Indian Express. 13 January 2024. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
^ "I.N.D.I.A bloc virtual meeting concludes, talks held on seat-sharing: Sources". India TV. 13 December 2023. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
^ "I.N.D.I.A Alliance Meeting: Nitish Kumar denies the proposal to be the convenor of bloc". ABP News. 13 January 2024. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Why Nitish Kumar left INDIA bloc to rejoin BJP-led NDA". mint. 28 January 2024. Retrieved 5 March 2024.
^ ^a ^b "India Political Updates: Kharge, Rahul, Sharad Pawar & Yechury join I.N.D.I.A bloc stir". Deccan Herald. Archived from the original on 22 December 2023. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
^ "Save Democracy: INDIA bloc leaders stage protest against bulk suspension of MPs from Parliament". The Economic Times. 22 December 2023. ISSN 0013-0389. Archived from the original on 22 December 2023. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
^ "INDIA bloc slams BJP's 'lies' at its rally in Bihar". Hindustan Times. 3 March 2024. Retrieved 5 March 2024.
^ ^a ^b "The 26 Opposition Parties That Have Formed Mega Alliance For 2024 Polls". NDTV. 22 February 2019. Archived from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
^ "Political Parties – NCERT" (PDF). National Council of Educational Research and Training. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
^ Jean-Pierre Cabestan, Jacques deLisle, ed. (2013). Inside India Today (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-04823-5. ... were either guarded in their criticism of the ruling party – the centrist Indian National Congress – or attacked it almost invariably from a rightist position. This was so for political and commercial reasons, which are explained, ...
^ Lowell Barrington (2009). Comparative Politics: Structures and Choices. Cengage Learning. p. 379. ISBN 978-0-618-49319-7.
^ ^[25]^[26]^[27]
^ ^a ^b "INDIA ally AAP declares candidates for 3 LS seats in Assam: 'We are tired'". mint. 8 February 2024. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Lok Sabha 2024: Akhilesh Yadav's SP to contest 63 seats, Cong 17". livemint.com. 21 February 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Congress-Samajwadi Party seat-sharing deal in Madhya Pradesh as well: Sources". India Today. 21 February 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ""Left Trying To Control INDIA Bloc's Agenda, Won't Accept It": Mamata Banerjee". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Mamata Banerjee's INDIA split may be aimed at securing Trinamool's future in West Bengal". Front line.
^ "In battle for Tamil Nadu, why allies give Stalin and DMK the edge". The Indian Express. 12 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ Tirodkar, Amey (3 July 2023). "Ajit Pawar's breakaway from NCP set to transform Maharashtra's political landscape". Frontline. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
^ "Our party and alliance are very strong: CM Champai Soren on fight against BJP in Jharkhand". The Indian Express. 9 February 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "NC will win 3 LS seats in Kashmir for INDIA bloc, alliance will grow: Farooq Abdullah". The Indian Express. 9 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "Lok Sabha polls: After a slew of negotiations, VCK agrees to two seats in DMK alliance". The Hindu. 8 March 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "INDIA bloc is focusing only on Parliamentary elections, says IUML president Kader Mohideen". The Hindu. 10 December 2023. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "INDIA seat-sharing pact finalised in TN, Congress loses Tiruchirappalli to MDMK". mint. 18 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "Senior RLP leader's shift to Congress puts to rest alliance speculations in Rajasthan". The Hindu. 16 March 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "RLP supremo Hanuman Beniwal is INDIA bloc candidate from Nagaur following alliance with Congress". The Hindu. 25 March 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "KDMK replaces Lok Sabha poll candidate over hate speech". Hindustan Times. 23 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ Bureau, The Hindu (9 April 2024). "Congress extends support to Bharat Adivasi Party in Rajasthan's Banswara-Dungarpur". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 24 June 2024. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
^ "MMK passes resolution to be a part of DMK alliance". The Hindu. 7 February 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "Lok Sabha elections: Congress says 'no friendly fight' in Kerala after Rahul Gandhi's nomination from Wayanad". Hindustan Times. 3 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ Govind, Biju (1 April 2024). "With eye on vote share, mainstream parties in Kerala take lion's share of seats". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ Ashiq, Peerzada (8 March 2024). "Omar Abdullah rules out pre-poll alliance with INDIA bloc ally PDP; Mehbooba terms it 'painful development'". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ Jaiswal, Arushi (28 August 2023). "Maharashtra: 12 parties including Raju Shetti's outfit, PWPI may join I.N.D.I.A. bloc, claim sources". www.indiatvnews.com. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Joy, Shemin. "At least 9 parties waiting to join I.N.D.I.A; 3 from Assam and 3 from UP". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "Kamal Haasan announces alliance with MK Stalin's DMK, but there's a twist". Hindustan Times. 9 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "Cong meets allies, to finalise names for polls next week". The Times of India. 7 March 2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "Mukesh Sahni joins RJD-led alliance, VIP to contest 3 seats". Hindustan Times. 5 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "Darjeeling-based Hamro Party joins INDIA-alliance". The Statesman. 29 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "Assam Opposition alliance resolves to field consensus candidates for LS polls". The Hindu. 28 December 2023. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "MLC Kapil Patil launches new party in Mumbai". The Times of India. 4 March 2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
^ "Samajwadi Party, Congress finalise seat-sharing in UP. Check details". India TV. 21 February 2024. Archived from the original on 21 February 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
^ "Lok Sabha elections: Congress releases first list of 39 candidates, Rahul Gandhi to contest from Wayanad". The Times of India. 8 March 2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 9 March 2024. Retrieved 9 March 2024.
^ "Lok Sabha elections: Congress releases 2nd list of 43 candidates". The Times of India. 13 March 2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 14 March 2024. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
^ "Congress Releases Third List of 56 Candidates for Lok Sabha Elections". The Hindu. 21 March 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
^ "Opposition Alliance Unveils Name "INDIA" – Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance". Akhil Bharat Times News. 18 July 2023. Archived from the original on 18 July 2023. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
^ Chatterji, Saubhadra (1 September 2023). "INDIA vows to fight 2024 polls together, names coordinators". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 1 September 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
^ "Lok Sabha elections 2024: AAP may fight on 4 seats, Congress to likely contest on 3 seats, say sources". Business Today (in Hindi). 22 February 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
^ "Seat-sharing alliance for Delhi sealed: AAP to contest 4 Lok Sabha seats, Congress 3". The Indian Express. 22 February 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
^ "AAP, Congress to go solo in Punjab, says Kejriwal: 'Mutual agreement, no bad blood'". Hindustan Times. 18 February 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
^ "Mamata Banerjee raises concern over Left's control in INDIA bloc". Moneycontrol. 23 January 2024. Archived from the original on 24 January 2024. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
^ "Why Nitish Kumar left INDIA bloc to rejoin BJP-led NDA". mint. 28 January 2024. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
^ "Bihar politics: Why did Nitish Kumar leave NDA and form government with RJD in 2022?". Hindustan Times. 28 January 2024. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
^ "RLD confirms: Will join NDA, faced injustice in INDIA bloc, pride at stake". The Indian Express. 12 February 2024. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
^ लाइव, एबीपी (23 March 2024). "yoopee mein phir toota indi gathabandhan! apana dal ke baad ye paartee alaayans baahar" यूपी में फिर टूटा INDIA गठबंधन! अपना दल के बाद ये पार्टी अलायंस बाहर [INDIA alliance breaks again in UP! After Apna Dal this party alliance is out]. abplive.com (in Hindi). Retrieved 24 March 2024.
^ Sharma, Sheenu (23 March 2024). "Lok Sabha elections 2024: After Apna Dal-K, Janvadi Party-Socialist cuts ties with Samajwadi Party". www.indiatvnews.com. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
^ "Nitish Kumar's first reaction after resigning as Bihar CM: 'I left INDIA bloc…'". Livemint. 28 January 2024. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
^ "Jayant Chaudhary in NDA: More a loss for INDIA in UP, BJP already in commanding position". The Indian Express. 14 February 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2024.

[2] Members consists of right-wing to far-left parties.

[5] Two more Congress members also fought as independent outside the alliance and supported after elected as MP, taking the tally to 236. Later, one independent MP supported Congress, taking the tally to 237. Later lone MP from each ASP (KR) and VPP extended their suppport in issue based matters, making tally 238.

[59] Including two more Congress members also fought as independent outside the alliance.

[Kharge-Chairperson-1] "Kharge named INDIA bloc chairperson, Nitish Kumar turns down convener post". Hindustan Times. 13 January 2024. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 13 January 2024.

[3] "Opposition names alliance INDIA in run-up to 2024 elections". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2023.

[:0-4] Sharanya Hrishikesh; Cherylann Mollan (18 July 2023). "Opposition meeting: 26 Indian parties form alliance to take on PM Modi". BBC News. Archived from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 18 July 2023.

[6] Nair, Sobhana K. (18 July 2023). "Picking the name INDIA for alliance, Opposition parties frame 2024 battle as BJP vs the country". The Hindu. Retrieved 7 August 2023.

[7] "PM Modi News Quit INDIA: PM Modi Slams Opposition's INDIA Alliance BJP vs INDIA". News18. 6 August 2023. Archived from the original on 7 August 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023.

[8] Menon, Aditya (18 July 2023). "'INDIA' vs BJP: 5 Big Takeaways From the Opposition and NDA Meetings". TheQuint. Archived from the original on 7 August 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023.

[9] [4]^[5]^[6]

[:1-10] Nair, Sobhana K. (18 July 2023). "Picking the name INDIA for alliance, Opposition parties frame 2024 battle as BJP vs the country". The Hindu. Retrieved 21 July 2023.

[:2-11] Ghosh, Poulomi (19 July 2023). "'Who gave INDIA name? Who can't arrive at consensus…': BJP's dig 10 points". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 21 July 2023.

[12] "There is no fight between Hindus and Muslims; BJP wants to create disturbances: Nitish Kumar at INLD rally". The Economic Times. 25 September 2022. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 3 July 2024.

[13] "INLD ready to join hands with Congress: Abhay Chautala". Hindustan Times. 17 September 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2024.

[14] "Tenets of unity: On the Opposition meet in Patna". The Hindu. 25 June 2023. Archived from the original on 12 August 2023. Retrieved 12 August 2023.

[:3-15] "Opposition alliance named 'INDIA', 11-member coordination committee to decide on all important issues". The Times of India. 19 July 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 19 July 2023. Retrieved 19 July 2023.

[:4-16] "Live Updates: INDIA bloc forms 14-member coordination panel, says seat-sharing formula for 2024 Lok Sabha polls soon". The Indian Express. 1 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2 September 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2023.

[17] "I.N.D.I.A Opposition bloc 2-day meet ends, resolution adopted, coordination committee formed". IndiaTV. 1 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2 September 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2023.

[18] "Decode Politics: 5 takeaways from INDIA meet, from seat sharing pitfalls to PM face row". The Indian Express. 20 December 2023. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.

[19] "After Mamata, Uddhav skips INDIA bloc's key meeting today; cites pre-scheduled events". The Indian Express. 13 January 2024. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.

[20] "I.N.D.I.A bloc virtual meeting concludes, talks held on seat-sharing: Sources". India TV. 13 December 2023. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.

[21] "I.N.D.I.A Alliance Meeting: Nitish Kumar denies the proposal to be the convenor of bloc". ABP News. 13 January 2024. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.

[:5-22] "Why Nitish Kumar left INDIA bloc to rejoin BJP-led NDA". mint. 28 January 2024. Retrieved 5 March 2024.

[:6-23] "India Political Updates: Kharge, Rahul, Sharad Pawar & Yechury join I.N.D.I.A bloc stir". Deccan Herald. Archived from the original on 22 December 2023. Retrieved 22 December 2023.

[24] "Save Democracy: INDIA bloc leaders stage protest against bulk suspension of MPs from Parliament". The Economic Times. 22 December 2023. ISSN 0013-0389. Archived from the original on 22 December 2023. Retrieved 22 December 2023.

[25] "INDIA bloc slams BJP's 'lies' at its rally in Bihar". Hindustan Times. 3 March 2024. Retrieved 5 March 2024.

[s959-26] "The 26 Opposition Parties That Have Formed Mega Alliance For 2024 Polls". NDTV. 22 February 2019. Archived from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 18 July 2023.

[centrist-27] "Political Parties – NCERT" (PDF). National Council of Educational Research and Training. Retrieved 8 May 2021.

[28] Jean-Pierre Cabestan, Jacques deLisle, ed. (2013). Inside India Today (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-04823-5. ... were either guarded in their criticism of the ruling party – the centrist Indian National Congress – or attacked it almost invariably from a rightist position. This was so for political and commercial reasons, which are explained, ...

[Barrington2009-29] Lowell Barrington (2009). Comparative Politics: Structures and Choices. Cengage Learning. p. 379. ISBN 978-0-618-49319-7.

[30] [25]^[26]^[27]

[:7-31] "INDIA ally AAP declares candidates for 3 LS seats in Assam: 'We are tired'". mint. 8 February 2024. Retrieved 10 February 2024.

[:10-32] "Lok Sabha 2024: Akhilesh Yadav's SP to contest 63 seats, Cong 17". livemint.com. 21 February 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2024.

[:11-33] "Congress-Samajwadi Party seat-sharing deal in Madhya Pradesh as well: Sources". India Today. 21 February 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2024.

[:12-34] ""Left Trying To Control INDIA Bloc's Agenda, Won't Accept It": Mamata Banerjee". NDTV.com. Archived from the original on 23 January 2024. Retrieved 24 January 2024.

[:8-35] "Mamata Banerjee's INDIA split may be aimed at securing Trinamool's future in West Bengal". Front line.

[36] "In battle for Tamil Nadu, why allies give Stalin and DMK the edge". The Indian Express. 12 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[:9-37] Tirodkar, Amey (3 July 2023). "Ajit Pawar's breakaway from NCP set to transform Maharashtra's political landscape". Frontline. Retrieved 29 January 2024.

[38] "Our party and alliance are very strong: CM Champai Soren on fight against BJP in Jharkhand". The Indian Express. 9 February 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[39] "NC will win 3 LS seats in Kashmir for INDIA bloc, alliance will grow: Farooq Abdullah". The Indian Express. 9 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[40] "Lok Sabha polls: After a slew of negotiations, VCK agrees to two seats in DMK alliance". The Hindu. 8 March 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[41] "INDIA bloc is focusing only on Parliamentary elections, says IUML president Kader Mohideen". The Hindu. 10 December 2023. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[42] "INDIA seat-sharing pact finalised in TN, Congress loses Tiruchirappalli to MDMK". mint. 18 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[43] "Senior RLP leader's shift to Congress puts to rest alliance speculations in Rajasthan". The Hindu. 16 March 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[44] "RLP supremo Hanuman Beniwal is INDIA bloc candidate from Nagaur following alliance with Congress". The Hindu. 25 March 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[45] "KDMK replaces Lok Sabha poll candidate over hate speech". Hindustan Times. 23 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[46] Bureau, The Hindu (9 April 2024). "Congress extends support to Bharat Adivasi Party in Rajasthan's Banswara-Dungarpur". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 24 June 2024. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)

[47] "MMK passes resolution to be a part of DMK alliance". The Hindu. 7 February 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[48] "Lok Sabha elections: Congress says 'no friendly fight' in Kerala after Rahul Gandhi's nomination from Wayanad". Hindustan Times. 3 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[49] Govind, Biju (1 April 2024). "With eye on vote share, mainstream parties in Kerala take lion's share of seats". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[50] Ashiq, Peerzada (8 March 2024). "Omar Abdullah rules out pre-poll alliance with INDIA bloc ally PDP; Mehbooba terms it 'painful development'". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[51] Jaiswal, Arushi (28 August 2023). "Maharashtra: 12 parties including Raju Shetti's outfit, PWPI may join I.N.D.I.A. bloc, claim sources". www.indiatvnews.com. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[:13-52] Joy, Shemin. "At least 9 parties waiting to join I.N.D.I.A; 3 from Assam and 3 from UP". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[53] "Kamal Haasan announces alliance with MK Stalin's DMK, but there's a twist". Hindustan Times. 9 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[54] "Cong meets allies, to finalise names for polls next week". The Times of India. 7 March 2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[55] "Mukesh Sahni joins RJD-led alliance, VIP to contest 3 seats". Hindustan Times. 5 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[56] "Darjeeling-based Hamro Party joins INDIA-alliance". The Statesman. 29 March 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[57] "Assam Opposition alliance resolves to field consensus candidates for LS polls". The Hindu. 28 December 2023. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[58] "MLC Kapil Patil launches new party in Mumbai". The Times of India. 4 March 2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 17 April 2024.

[60] "Samajwadi Party, Congress finalise seat-sharing in UP. Check details". India TV. 21 February 2024. Archived from the original on 21 February 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2024.

[Lok_Sabha-61] "Lok Sabha elections: Congress releases first list of 39 candidates, Rahul Gandhi to contest from Wayanad". The Times of India. 8 March 2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 9 March 2024. Retrieved 9 March 2024.

[62] "Lok Sabha elections: Congress releases 2nd list of 43 candidates". The Times of India. 13 March 2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 14 March 2024. Retrieved 14 March 2024.

[63] "Congress Releases Third List of 56 Candidates for Lok Sabha Elections". The Hindu. 21 March 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 21 March 2024.

[d079-64] "Opposition Alliance Unveils Name "INDIA" – Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance". Akhil Bharat Times News. 18 July 2023. Archived from the original on 18 July 2023. Retrieved 18 July 2023.

[65] Chatterji, Saubhadra (1 September 2023). "INDIA vows to fight 2024 polls together, names coordinators". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 1 September 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2023.

[66] "Lok Sabha elections 2024: AAP may fight on 4 seats, Congress to likely contest on 3 seats, say sources". Business Today (in Hindi). 22 February 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.

[67] "Seat-sharing alliance for Delhi sealed: AAP to contest 4 Lok Sabha seats, Congress 3". The Indian Express. 22 February 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.

[68] "AAP, Congress to go solo in Punjab, says Kejriwal: 'Mutual agreement, no bad blood'". Hindustan Times. 18 February 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2024.

[69] "Mamata Banerjee raises concern over Left's control in INDIA bloc". Moneycontrol. 23 January 2024. Archived from the original on 24 January 2024. Retrieved 24 January 2024.

[70] "Why Nitish Kumar left INDIA bloc to rejoin BJP-led NDA". mint. 28 January 2024. Retrieved 29 January 2024.

[71] "Bihar politics: Why did Nitish Kumar leave NDA and form government with RJD in 2022?". Hindustan Times. 28 January 2024. Retrieved 29 January 2024.

[72] "RLD confirms: Will join NDA, faced injustice in INDIA bloc, pride at stake". The Indian Express. 12 February 2024. Retrieved 13 February 2024.

[2024JanwadiParty=abplive-73] लाइव, एबीपी (23 March 2024). "yoopee mein phir toota indi gathabandhan! apana dal ke baad ye paartee alaayans baahar" यूपी में फिर टूटा INDIA गठबंधन! अपना दल के बाद ये पार्टी अलायंस बाहर [INDIA alliance breaks again in UP! After Apna Dal this party alliance is out]. abplive.com (in Hindi). Retrieved 24 March 2024.

[74] Sharma, Sheenu (23 March 2024). "Lok Sabha elections 2024: After Apna Dal-K, Janvadi Party-Socialist cuts ties with Samajwadi Party". www.indiatvnews.com. Retrieved 26 April 2024.

[75] "Nitish Kumar's first reaction after resigning as Bihar CM: 'I left INDIA bloc…'". Livemint. 28 January 2024. Retrieved 28 January 2024.

[76] "Jayant Chaudhary in NDA: More a loss for INDIA in UP, BJP already in commanding position". The Indian Express. 14 February 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2024.

[1]

[a]

[2]

[3]

[b]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

[49]

[50]

[51]

[52]

[53]

[54]

[55]

[56]

[c]

[57]

[58]

[59]

[60]

[61]

[62]

[63]

[64]

[65]

[66]

[67]

[68]

[69]

[70]

[71]

[72]

[73]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[25]

[26]

[27]