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| image = Sabich1.png
| image = Sabich1.png
| image_size =
| image_size =
| course = Sandwich, street food
| country = [[Israel]]
| course = Breakfast and Street food (entire country), Sandwich
| main_ingredient = Traditionally [[laffa]], although [[pita]] is often used, [[eggplant]], hard boiled eggs, [[salad]], [[Amba (condiment)|amba]], parsley, [[tahini]] sauce, and [[hummus]]
| main_ingredient = Traditionally [[laffa]], although [[pita]] is often used, [[eggplant]], hard boiled eggs, [[salad]], [[Amba (condiment)|amba]], parsley, [[tahini]] sauce, and [[hummus]]
| minor_ingredient = Potato, onion, and [[zhug]]
| minor_ingredient = Potato, onion, and [[zhug]]
⚫
| associated_cuisine = [[Israeli cuisine]]
}}
}}


'''Sabich''' or '''sabih''' ({{lang-he|סביח}} {{IPA-he|saˈbiχ|}}; [[Judeo-Iraqi Arabic]]: {{lang|yhd|صبيح}}) is a sandwich of [[pita]] or [[laffa]] bread stuffed with fried [[eggplant]]s, hard boiled eggs, chopped salad, [[parsley]], [[Amba (condiment)|amba]] and [[tahini]] sauce.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.santafenewmexican.com/Food/1022LEDE-Hummus |archive-url = https://archive.today/20120630131811/http://www.santafenewmexican.com/Food/1022LEDE-Hummus |url-status = dead |archive-date = 2012-06-30 |access-date = 2008-10-21 |title = Tales of a wandering chickpea |publisher = [[The Santa Fe New Mexican]]}}</ref> It is a staple of [[Israeli cuisine]].Its ingredients are based on a traditional quick breakfast of [[Sephardic Jews]]. Sabich is sold in many businesses throughout [[Israel]].
'''Sabich''' or '''sabih''' ({{langx|he|סביח}} {{IPA|he|saˈbiχ|}}; [[Judeo-Iraqi Arabic]]: {{lang|yhd|صبيح}}) is a sandwich of [[pita]] or [[laffa]] bread stuffed with fried [[eggplant]]s, hard-boiled eggs, chopped salad, [[parsley]], [[Amba (condiment)|amba]] and [[tahini]] sauce. It is a staple of [[Israeli cuisine]] and was created by [[History of the Jews in Iraq|Iraqi Jews]] in Israel in the 1960s.

Its ingredients are based on a traditional quick breakfast of [[Iraqi Jews]]; while in Iraq, the ingredients were served separately, the modern sabich, where all of them are eaten together in a sandwich, was created in [[Israel]], where it is sold in many businesses.


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
[[File:Sabich.jpg|thumb|right|Sabich as served in a [[pita]]]]
[[File:Sabich.jpg|thumb|right|Sabich as served in a [[pita]]]]
There are several theories on the origin of the name sabich. Many credit the name to the first name of Sabih Tsvi Halabi,<ref>{{Cite web|title=When Your Father Shares a Name with a National Dish|url=https://www.jewishfoodsociety.org/posts/2018/5/2/when-your-father-shares-a-name-with-a-national-dish|access-date=2021-02-01|website=Jewish Food Society|language=en-US}}</ref> a [[Jews|Jewish]] man born in Iraq and made [[aliyah]] to Israel who operated a small restaurant in [[Ramat Gan]]. He is credited for originally serving the sandwich.<ref name="ynet">[http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3327050,00.html "אין כמו, אין כמו עמבה: מדריך הסביח - מדן ועד אילת", ynet, 12.11.06]</ref><ref name="Ungerleider 2011">{{cite web|last=Ungerleider|first=Neal|title=Hybrid Power: The Iraqi-Israeli Sabich|url=http://www.saveur.com/article/Travels/Israel-Sabich-Sandwich|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007181927/https://www.saveur.com/article/Travels/Israel-Sabich-Sandwich|archive-date=7 October 2011|date=1 April 2011|website=Saveur}}</ref> Another theory is that sabich is an acronym of the Hebrew words "Salat, Beitsa, Yoter Ḥatsil" {{lang|he|סלט ביצה יותר חציל}}, meaning "salad, egg, more eggplant". This is probably a humorous interpretation and hence a [[backronym]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=No 'Cultural Genocide' Here: An Israeli Sandwich Stays Out Of Hummus Wars|url=https://forward.com/food/393320/no-cultural-genocide-here-an-israeli-sandwich-stays-out-of-hummus-wars/|access-date=2020-10-09|website=The Forward|date=31 January 2018 }}</ref>
There are several theories on the origin of the name Sabich. Many attribute the name to the sandwich's creator, Sabich Tzvi Halabi, who was born in Baghdad in 1938 and immigrated in the early 1950s.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=When Your Father Shares a Name with a National Dish |url=https://www.jewishfoodsociety.org/posts/2018/5/2/when-your-father-shares-a-name-with-a-national-dish |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610045506/https://www.jewishfoodsociety.org/posts/2018/5/2/when-your-father-shares-a-name-with-a-national-dish |archive-date=10 June 2021 |access-date=2021-02-01 |website=[[Jewish Food Society]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="ynet">{{Cite web |last=Gerti |first=Yael |date=12 November 2006 |title=There is nothing like Amba: the Sabih guide - from Dan to Eilat |url=http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3327050,00.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228201115/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3327050,00.html |archive-date=28 February 2021 |access-date=29 August 2012 |website=[[YNET]]}}</ref><ref name="Ungerleider 2011">{{cite web |last=Ungerleider |first=Neal |date=1 April 2011 |title=Hybrid Power: The Iraqi-Israeli Sabich |url=http://www.saveur.com/article/Travels/Israel-Sabich-Sandwich |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007181927/https://www.saveur.com/article/Travels/Israel-Sabich-Sandwich |archive-date=7 October 2011 |website=[[Saveur]]}}</ref> The name Sabich means "morning", which may be a reference to the fact the ingredients are those of a typical shabbat breakfast among Iraqi Jews.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shemtov |first=Michael |last2=Tracy |first2=Stewart |date=4 May 2023 |title=Sabich Sandwiches |url=https://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/israeli-roast-eggplant-hummus-and-pickle-sandwiches |access-date=2024-11-12 |website=[[Food & Wine]] |language=en}}</ref>

Popular folk legend attributes the name to an acronym of the Hebrew words "Salat, Beitsa, Ḥatsilim" {{lang|he|סלט ביצה יותר חציל}}, meaning "salad, egg, eggplant".<ref name="Ungerleider 2011" /><ref name=":3" /> This is probably a humorous interpretation and hence a [[backronym]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Ben Zion |first=Ilan |date=31 January 2018 |title=No 'Cultural Genocide' Here: An Israeli Sandwich Stays Out Of Hummus Wars |url=https://forward.com/food/393320/no-cultural-genocide-here-an-israeli-sandwich-stays-out-of-hummus-wars/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010160704/https://forward.com/food/393320/no-cultural-genocide-here-an-israeli-sandwich-stays-out-of-hummus-wars/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=2020-10-09 |website=[[The Forward]]}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
[[File:The Original Sabich.jpg|thumb|The original Sabich Buffet in its current location]]
[[File:The Original Sabich.jpg|thumb|The original Sabich Buffet in its current location]]
[[File:Sabich square 3.jpg|thumb|Sabich Square in Ramat Gan]]
The idea of the sabich sandwich was most likely created in Israel by [[Iraqi Jews]], who emigrated [[Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries|in the 1940s and 1950s]]. On mornings when there was little time for a cooked breakfast, Iraqi Jews ate a cold meal of pre-cooked fried eggplant and hard-boiled eggs, either stuffed into a pita bread or with boiled potatoes. The eggplants would be cooked the night before.
Halabi bought a kiosk across the street from the last stop of the Number 63 bus on Uziel Street in [[Ramat Gan]] in the early 1960s. Local workers wanted something more substantial than the [[bourekas]] the kiosk was currently selling, and Halabi and his wife created a sandwich based on an [[Iraqi cuisine|Iraqi]] traditional [[shabbat]] breakfast of eggs, [[tebit]], [[chamin]], fried eggplant, and salad.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Vered |first=Ronit |date=22 December 2017 |title=The Story Behind an Iconic Israeli Street Food: The Sabich |url=https://www.haaretz.com/food/2017-12-21/ty-article-magazine/.premium/the-story-behind-the-one-real-israeli-sandwich-the-sabich/0000017f-f508-d044-adff-f7f9f49a0000 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628064114/https://www.haaretz.com/food/2017-12-21/ty-article-magazine/.premium/the-story-behind-the-one-real-israeli-sandwich-the-sabich/0000017f-f508-d044-adff-f7f9f49a0000 |archive-date=28 June 2024 |access-date=12 November 2024 |website=[[Haaretz]]}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=Tales of a wandering chickpea |url=http://www.santafenewmexican.com/Food/1022LEDE-Hummus |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120630131811/http://www.santafenewmexican.com/Food/1022LEDE-Hummus |archive-date=2012-06-30 |access-date=2008-10-21 |publisher=[[The Santa Fe New Mexican]]}}</ref> Eggplant is a year-round crop in Israel, and eggs were available during the period of [[austerity in Israel]], so both ingredients had long been in common use in the early 1960s.<ref name=":3" />

In Israel, the sandwich became a popular street food. Halabi took on a partner, Yaakov Sasson, and in the early 1980s moved the operation to Negba street, where as of 2017 it was still in operation.<ref name="Ungerleider 2011" /><ref name=":0" /> The dish is served throughout Israel.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="Ungerleider 2011" /> It is not well-known outside of Israel.<ref name=":3" />

In 2020 the mayor of Ramat Gan announced the Nagba Uziel intersection would be named Sabich Square.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sahar |first=Reut |date=25 July 2020 |title=Ramat Gan pays homage to Sabich |url=https://food.walla.co.il/item/3375450 |website=[[Food Walla]]}}</ref>

⚫
==Ingredients and description==
Sabich typically includes fried [[eggplant]] slices, a cucumber-and-tomato salad, amba, and [[haminados]] eggs, which are slow-cooked in [[hamin]] until they turn brown.<ref name=":0" /> Some versions include potatoes, pickles, a tahini sauce, hummus, or other condiments.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="Ungerleider 2011" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Gritzer |first=Daniel |date=13 March 2024 |title=This Sabich Recipe Is Equal Parts Crispy, Creamy, Saucy, and Tangy |url=https://www.seriouseats.com/sabich-sandwich-eggplant-egg-hummus-pita-recipe |access-date=2024-11-12 |website=[[Serious Eats]] |language=en}}</ref> It is commonly served in [[pita]] bread or wrapped in [[laffa]], an Iraqi flatbread.<ref name=":2" />

Daniel Gritzer, writing for ''[[Serious Eats]]'', describes the sandwich as "it's drippy, it's messy, it's shamelessly moist and flavorful. There are creamy swaths, and squishy bits, and crunchy chunks, and tart bursts".<ref name=":4" />


⚫
A version without the bread or pita is called Sabich salad ("סלט סביח" - "Salat Sabich" in Hebrew).
In Israel, these ingredients eventually became popular as fast food. The dish is said to have been first sold in Israel in 1961 at a small stall on Uziel Street in [[Ramat Gan]]. The restaurant was operated by "Sabich" Tzvi Halbi and Yaakov Sasson, the restaurant was very successful, and still operates only 500 meters from where it was originally to this day.<ref>[https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&pto=aue&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=auto&sp=nmt4&tl=en&u=https://food.walla.co.il/item/1034361&usg=ALkJrhiJQhWmKjbrhFNfF-uVD8p84yCnaQ Walla News 2007]</ref><ref name="Ungerleider 2011"/>


== Importance in Israeli cuisine ==
⚫
A version without the bread or pita is called sabich salad ("סלט סביח" - "Salat Sabich" in Hebrew).
According to Ronit Vered, writing in Haaretz, the sandwich became "an integral part of the limited canon of [[Israeli cuisine]]". Tami Shem-Tov wrote ''Saba Sabich'' (Grandpa Sabich), a children's picture book published in 2017 by [[Kinneret Zmora-Bitan Dvir|Kinneret Zmora-Bitan]] in Hebrew, which according to Yahil Zaban of [[Tel Aviv University]] details how the sandwich became "a symbol of the new Israeli culture".<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=סַבָּא סַבִּיח = Sabba Sabich {{!}} WorldCat.org |url=https://search.worldcat.org/title/1035353995 |access-date=2024-11-12 |website=[[WorldCat]] |language=en}}</ref>


According to [[Janna Gur]], the sandwich is "the first street snack that sprang from a Jewish culinary tradition" in Israeli cuisine and was more popular in Israel than falafel.<ref name=":1" />
⚫
==Ingredients==
Sabich, served in pita bread, traditionally contains fried [[eggplant]] slices, hard-cooked eggs, a thin [[tahini]] sauce (tahini, [[lemon]] juice, and [[garlic]]), [[Israeli Salad]], chopped [[parsley]], and [[Amba (condiment)|amba]]. Some versions use boiled potatoes. Traditionally it is made with [[haminados]] eggs, slow-cooked in [[hamin]] until they turn brown. According to the consumer's preference it can be served topped with green or red [[zhug]] as a condiment and sprinkled with minced [[onion]].


== Gallery ==
== Gallery ==
Line 39: Line 53:
*[[Culture of Israel]]
*[[Culture of Israel]]
*[[Cuisine of the Mizrahi Jews]]
*[[Cuisine of the Mizrahi Jews]]
⚫
*[[Israeli cuisine]]
*[[Jewish cuisine]]
*[[Jewish cuisine]]
*[[Middle Eastern cuisine]]
*[[Middle Eastern cuisine]]

Latest revision as of 22:22, 25 November 2024

Sabich
CourseSandwich, street food
Associated cuisineIsraeli cuisine
Main ingredientsTraditionally laffa, although pita is often used, eggplant, hard boiled eggs, salad, amba, parsley, tahini sauce, and hummus
Ingredients generally usedPotato, onion, and zhug

Sabich or sabih (Hebrew: סביח [saˈbiχ]; Judeo-Iraqi Arabic: صبيح) is a sandwich of pita or laffa bread stuffed with fried eggplants, hard-boiled eggs, chopped salad, parsley, amba and tahini sauce. It is a staple of Israeli cuisine and was created by Iraqi Jews in Israel in the 1960s.

Its ingredients are based on a traditional quick breakfast of Iraqi Jews; while in Iraq, the ingredients were served separately, the modern sabich, where all of them are eaten together in a sandwich, was created in Israel, where it is sold in many businesses.

Etymology

[edit]
Sabich as served in a pita

There are several theories on the origin of the name Sabich. Many attribute the name to the sandwich's creator, Sabich Tzvi Halabi, who was born in Baghdad in 1938 and immigrated in the early 1950s.[1][2][3] The name Sabich means "morning", which may be a reference to the fact the ingredients are those of a typical shabbat breakfast among Iraqi Jews.[4]

Popular folk legend attributes the name to an acronym of the Hebrew words "Salat, Beitsa, Ḥatsilim" סלט ביצה יותר חציל, meaning "salad, egg, eggplant".[3][5] This is probably a humorous interpretation and hence a backronym.[5]

History

[edit]
The original Sabich Buffet in its current location
Sabich Square in Ramat Gan

Halabi bought a kiosk across the street from the last stop of the Number 63 bus on Uziel Street in Ramat Gan in the early 1960s. Local workers wanted something more substantial than the bourekas the kiosk was currently selling, and Halabi and his wife created a sandwich based on an Iraqi traditional shabbat breakfast of eggs, tebit, chamin, fried eggplant, and salad.[6][7] Eggplant is a year-round crop in Israel, and eggs were available during the period of austerity in Israel, so both ingredients had long been in common use in the early 1960s.[5]

In Israel, the sandwich became a popular street food. Halabi took on a partner, Yaakov Sasson, and in the early 1980s moved the operation to Negba street, where as of 2017 it was still in operation.[3][6] The dish is served throughout Israel.[6][3] It is not well-known outside of Israel.[5]

In 2020 the mayor of Ramat Gan announced the Nagba Uziel intersection would be named Sabich Square.[8]

Ingredients and description

[edit]

Sabich typically includes fried eggplant slices, a cucumber-and-tomato salad, amba, and haminados eggs, which are slow-cooked in hamin until they turn brown.[6] Some versions include potatoes, pickles, a tahini sauce, hummus, or other condiments.[1][3][5][9] It is commonly served in pita bread or wrapped in laffa, an Iraqi flatbread.[1]

Daniel Gritzer, writing for Serious Eats, describes the sandwich as "it's drippy, it's messy, it's shamelessly moist and flavorful. There are creamy swaths, and squishy bits, and crunchy chunks, and tart bursts".[9]

A version without the bread or pita is called Sabich salad ("סלט סביח" - "Salat Sabich" in Hebrew).

Importance in Israeli cuisine

[edit]

According to Ronit Vered, writing in Haaretz, the sandwich became "an integral part of the limited canon of Israeli cuisine". Tami Shem-Tov wrote Saba Sabich (Grandpa Sabich), a children's picture book published in 2017 by Kinneret Zmora-Bitan in Hebrew, which according to Yahil Zaban of Tel Aviv University details how the sandwich became "a symbol of the new Israeli culture".[6][10]

According to Janna Gur, the sandwich is "the first street snack that sprang from a Jewish culinary tradition" in Israeli cuisine and was more popular in Israel than falafel.[7]

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "When Your Father Shares a Name with a National Dish". Jewish Food Society. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  2. ^ Gerti, Yael (12 November 2006). "There is nothing like Amba: the Sabih guide - from Dan to Eilat". YNET. Archived from the original on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2012.
  3. ^ a b c d e Ungerleider, Neal (1 April 2011). "Hybrid Power: The Iraqi-Israeli Sabich". Saveur. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011.
  4. ^ Shemtov, Michael; Tracy, Stewart (4 May 2023). "Sabich Sandwiches". Food & Wine. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  5. ^ a b c d e Ben Zion, Ilan (31 January 2018). "No 'Cultural Genocide' Here: An Israeli Sandwich Stays Out Of Hummus Wars". The Forward. Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
  6. ^ a b c d e Vered, Ronit (22 December 2017). "The Story Behind an Iconic Israeli Street Food: The Sabich". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 28 June 2024. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  7. ^ a b "Tales of a wandering chickpea". The Santa Fe New Mexican. Archived from the original on 30 June 2012. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
  8. ^ Sahar, Reut (25 July 2020). "Ramat Gan pays homage to Sabich". Food Walla.
  9. ^ a b Gritzer, Daniel (13 March 2024). "This Sabich Recipe Is Equal Parts Crispy, Creamy, Saucy, and Tangy". Serious Eats. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  10. ^ "סַבָּא סַבִּיח = Sabba Sabich | WorldCat.org". WorldCat. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
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