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{{Short description|None}}
{{userboxtop|toptext=Bird taxonomy}}
{{see also |List of birds by common name |Lists of birds by region |List of bird genera}}
{{clade|style=font-size:75%
[[File:King Penguins at Salisbury Plain (5719466981).jpg|thumb|right|199px|Penguins]]
|label1=[[Neornithes]]
[[File:Ostriches cape point cropped.jpg|thumb|right|199px|Ostriches]]

This article lists living [[Order (biology)|orders]] and [[Family (biology)|families]] of [[bird]]s. In total there are about 10,000 species of birds described worldwide, though one estimate of the real number places it at almost twice that.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Barrowclough | first1 = GF | last2 = Cracraft | first2 = J | last3 = Klicka | first3 = J | last4 = Zink | first4 = RM | year = 2016 | title = How Many Kinds of Birds Are There and Why Does It Matter? | url = | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 11 | issue = 11| page = e0166307 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0166307 | pmid = 27880775 | pmc = 5120813 | bibcode = 2016PLoSO..1166307B | doi-access = free }}</ref> The order [[passerine|passerines]] (perching birds) alone accounts for well over 5,000 species.

Taxonomy is very fluid in the age of [[DNA]] analysis, so comments are made where appropriate, and all numbers are approximate. In particular see [[Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy]] for a very different classification.

==Phylogeny==
[[Cladogram]] of modern bird relationships based on Jarvis, E.D. et al. (2014)<ref name=Jarvis2014>{{cite journal | last1 = Jarvis | first1 = E.D. |display-authors=etal | year = 2014 | title = Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds | journal = Science | volume = 346 | issue = 6215| pages = 1320–1331 | doi=10.1126/science.1253451 | pmid=25504713 | pmc=4405904| bibcode = 2014Sci...346.1320J }}</ref> with some [[clade]] names after Yuri, T. et al. (2013).<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Yuri | first1 = T.| year = 2013 | title = Parsimony and Model-Based Analyses of Indels in Avian Nuclear Genes Reveal Congruent and Incongruent Phylogenetic Signals | journal = Biology | volume = 2 | issue = 1| pages = 419–444 | doi = 10.3390/biology2010419 |display-authors=etal | pmid=24832669 | pmc=4009869| doi-access = free}}</ref>

{{clade|style=font-size:90%;line-height:90%
|label1='''Aves'''
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|label1=[[Palaeognathae]]
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=[[Struthioniformes]][[Paraphyly|*]]
|label1=Struthionimorphae
|2=[[Tinamiformes]]
|1=[[Struthioniformes]] ([[ostrich]]es)<ref name="Boyd">{{cite web| website=John Boyd's website |last=Boyd|first=John|year=2007|title=''NEORNITHES: 46 Orders'' |url=http://jboyd.net/Taxo/Orders.pdf |access-date= 30 December 2017}}{{unreliable source|date=January 2019}}</ref>
}}
|label2=[[Notopalaeognathae]]
|2={{clade
|2={{Clade
|1='''Neoaves'''
|1={{Clade
|label2=&nbsp;[[Galloanserae]]
|label1=Rheimorphae
|1=[[Rheiformes]] ([[Rhea (bird)|rheas]])
|label2=[[Novaeratitae]]
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Casuariiformes]] ([[cassowaries]] & [[emu]]s)
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Apterygiformes]] ([[Kiwi (bird)|kiwi]])
|2=†[[Aepyornithiformes]] ([[elephant bird]]s)
}}
}}
}}
|label2=Tinamimorphae
|2={{clade
|1=†[[Dinornithiformes]] ([[moa]]s)
|2={{clade
|1=†[[Lithornithiformes]] (false tinamous)
|2=[[Tinamiformes]] ([[tinamou]]s)
}}
}}
}}
}}
|label2=[[Neognathae]]
|2={{clade
|2={{clade
|1=[[Anseriformes]]
|label1=[[Galloanserae]]
|2=[[Galliformes]]
|1={{clade
|label1=Gallomorphae
|1=[[Galliformes]] (landfowl)
|label2=[[Odontoanserae]]
|2={{clade
|1=†[[Odontopterygiformes]]
|label2=[[Anserimorphae]]
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=†[[Vegaviiformes]]<ref name="worthyetal2017">{{cite journal | last1 = Worthy | first1 = T.H. | last2 = Degrange | first2 = F.J. | last3 = Handley | first3 = W.D. | last4 = Lee | first4 = M.S.Y. | year = 2017 | title = The evolution of giant flightless birds and novel phylogenetic relationships for extinct fowl (Aves, Galloanseres) | journal = Royal Society Open Science | volume = 11 | issue = 10 | doi = 10.1098/rsos.170975 | page = 170975 | pmid = 29134094 | pmc = 5666277 | bibcode = 2017RSOS....470975W | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|2=†[[Gastornithiformes]]
}}
|2=[[Anseriformes]] (waterfowl)
}}
}}
}}
|label2=[[Neoaves]]
|2={{Clade
|label1=[[Columbea]]
|1={{Clade
|label1=[[Mirandornithes]]
|1={{Clade
|1=[[Phoenicopteriformes]] (flamingoes)
|2=[[Podicipediformes]] (grebes)
}}
|label2=[[Columbimorphae]]
|2={{Clade
|1={{Clade
|1=[[Mesitornithiformes]] (mesites)
|2=[[Pterocliformes]] (sandgrouse)
}}
|2=[[Columbiformes]] (pigeons)
}}
}}
|label2=[[Passerea]]
|2={{Clade
|label1=[[Otidae]]
|1={{Clade
|label1=[[Otidimorphae]]
|1={{Clade
|1=[[Cuculiformes]] (cuckoos)
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Otidiformes]] (bustards)
|2=[[Musophagiformes]] (turacos)
}}
}}
|label2=[[Cypselomorphae]]
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Caprimulgiformes]] (nightjars)
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Nyctibiiformes]] ([[oilbird]]s & [[potoo]]s)
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Podargiformes]] ([[frogmouth]]s)
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Aegotheliformes]] ([[owlet-nightjar]]s)
|2=[[Apodiformes]] ([[hummingbird]]s & [[Swift (bird)|swift]]s)
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
|label2=
|2={{Clade
|label1=[[Gruae]]
|1={{Clade
|1=[[Opisthocomiformes]] (hoatzin)
|label2=[[Cursorimorphae]]
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Gruiformes]] (rails and cranes)
|2=[[Charadriiformes]] (shorebirds)
}}
}}
|label2=
|2={{Clade
|label1=[[Phaethoquornithes]]
|1={{Clade
|label1=[[Phaethontimorphae]]
|1={{Clade
|1=[[Eurypygiformes]] (sunbittern, kagu)
|2=[[Phaethontiformes]] (tropicbirds)
}}
|label2=[[Aequornithes]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Gaviiformes]] (loons)
|2={{Clade
|label1=[[Austrodyptornithes]]
|1={{Clade
|1=[[Procellariiformes]] (albatross and petrels)
|2=[[Sphenisciformes]] (penguins)
}}
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Ciconiiformes]] (storks)
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Suliformes]] (boobies, [[cormorant]]s, etc.)
|2=[[Pelecaniformes]] ([[pelican]]s, [[heron]]s & [[egret]]s)
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
|label2=[[Telluraves]]
|2={{Clade
|label1=[[Afroaves]]
|1={{Clade
|label1=[[Accipitrimorphae]]
|1={{Clade
|1=[[Cathartiformes]] (condors and New World vultures)
|2=[[Accipitriformes]] (hawks, eagles, vultures, etc.)
}}
|label2=
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Strigiformes]] (owls)
|label2=[[Coraciimorphae]]
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Coliiformes]] (mousebirds)
|sublabel2={{clade label|[[Cavitaves]]}}
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Leptosomiformes]] (cuckoo roller)
|sublabel2={{clade label|[[Eucavitaves]]}}
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Trogoniformes]] (trogons)
|sublabel2={{clade label|[[Picocoraciae]]}}
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Bucerotiformes]] (hornbills, hoopoe and wood hoopoes)
|sublabel2={{clade label|[[Picodynastornithes]]}}
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Coraciiformes]] (kingfishers etc.)
|2=[[Piciformes]] (woodpeckers etc.)
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
|label2=[[Australaves]]
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Cariamiformes]] (seriemas)
|label2=[[Eufalconimorphae]]
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Falconiformes]] (falcons)
|label2=[[Psittacopasserae]]
|2={{Clade
|1=[[Psittaciformes]] (parrots)
|2=[[Passeriformes]] (songbirds and kin)
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
{{clade|style=font-size:75%
|label1=[[Neoaves]]
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=[[Podicipediformes]]
|2=[[Phoenicopteriformes]]
}}
|2=[[Phaethontidae]]
|3=[[Pteroclidiformes]]
|4=[[Mesitornithidae]]
|5=[[Columbiformes]]
|6={{clade
|1=[[Eurypygidae]]
|2=[[Rhynochetidae]]
}}
|label7=&nbsp;[[Cypselomorphae]]
|7={{clade
|1=[[Caprimulgiformes]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Apodiformes]]
|2=[[Aegotheliformes]]
}}
}}
|8=[[Opisthocomidae]]
|9={{clade
|1=[[Gruiformes]]
|2=[[Cuculiformes]]
|3='''"Waterbirds"'''
}}
|10={{clade
|1=[[Charadriiformes]]
|2='''"Landbirds"'''
}}
}}
}}
{{clade|style=font-size:75%
|label1=[[Higher waterbird|"Waterbirds"]]
|1={{clade
|1=[[Gaviiformes]]
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=[[Sphenisciformes]]
|2=[[Procellariiformes]]
}}
|2={{clade
|1=[[Ciconiiformes]][[Paraphyly|*]]
|2=[[Pelecaniformes]][[Paraphyly|*]]
}}
}}
}}
}}
{{clade|style=font-size:75%
|label1=[[Higher landbird|"Landbirds"]]
|1={{clade
|1=[[Accipitriformes]]
|2=[[Strigiformes]]
|3=[[Coliiformes]]
|4={{clade
|1=[[Leptosomatidae]]
|2=[[Trogoniformes]]
|3={{clade
|1=[[Bucerotiformes]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Coraciiformes]]
|2=[[Piciformes]]
}}
}}
}}
|5=[[Cariamidae]]
|6={{clade
|1=[[Falconidae]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Psittaciformes]]
|2=[[Passeriformes]]
}}
}}
}}
}}
<center><small>A [[phylogenetic tree]] of the modern birds, based on a recent study<ref>'''A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History'''. Shannon J. Hackett, ''et al''. ''Science'' 320, 1763 (2008).</ref>. Note the [[Polytomy|polytomies]].</small></center>
{{userboxbottom}}


==Subclass [[Palaeognathae]]==
This page lists living [[Order (biology)|orders]] and [[Family (biology)|families]] of [[bird]]s. The links below should then lead to family accounts and hence to individual species. For extinct birds, please see [[Extinct birds]], [[Prehistoric birds]] and [[Fossil birds]].


The '''[[Palaeognathae]]''' or "old jaws" is one of the two superorders recognized within the taxonomic class Aves and consist of the [[ratite]]s and [[tinamou]]s. The ratites are mostly large and long-legged, [[flightless bird|flightless]] birds, lacking a [[Keel (bird anatomy)|keeled]] sternum. Traditionally, all the ratites were place in the order '''Struthioniformes'''. However, recent genetic analysis has found that the group is not monophyletic, as it is paraphyletic with respect to the [[tinamou]]s, so the ostriches are classified as the only members of the order Struthioniformes and other ratites placed in other orders.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Hackett | first1 = S.J. | display-authors = etal | year = 2008 | title = A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History | url = | journal = Science | volume = 320 | issue = 5884| pages = 1763–1768 | doi = 10.1126/science.1157704 | pmid = 18583609 | bibcode = 2008Sci...320.1763H | s2cid = 6472805 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Yuri | first1 = T | year = 2013 | title = Parsimony and model-based analyses of indels in avian nuclear genes reveal congruent and incongruent phylogenetic signals | journal = Biology | volume = 2 | issue = 1| pages = 419–44 | doi = 10.3390/biology2010419 | pmid = 24832669 | pmc = 4009869 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
Taxonomy is very fluid in the age of [[DNA]] analysis, so comments are made where appropriate, and all numbers are approximate. In particular see [[Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy]] for a very different classification.


===Order [[Struthioniformes]]===
==Paleognathae==
[[File:Greater rhea pair arp.jpg|thumb|right|199px|Greater rhea pair]]
[[File:Stavenn Eudromia elegans 00.jpg|thumb|right|199px|''[[Eudromia elegans]]'']]
[[File:Casuarius casuarius -upper body -captive-8a-2c.jpg|thumb|right|199px|''[[Casuarius casuarius]]'']]


Africa; 2 species
The flightless and mostly giant Struthioniformes lack a keeled sternum and are collectively known as ratites. Together with the Tinamiformes, they form the '''[[Paleognathae]]''' or "old jaws", one of the two evolutionary superorders.
* Family [[Struthionidae]]: ostrich


===[[Struthioniformes]]===
===Infraclass [[Notopalaeognathae]]===
Mainly southern hemisphere; 12 species; sometimes all families are raised to order rank.
* [[Struthionidae]]: Ostrich
* [[Rheidae]]: rheas
* [[Casuariidae]]: [[Cassowary|cassowaries]], [[emu]]s
* [[Apterygidae]]: kiwis


===[[Tinamiformes]]===
====Order [[Rheiformes]]====
South America; 45 species.
South America; 2 species
* Family †Opisthodactylidae
* [[Tinamidae]]: tinamous
* Family [[Rheidae]]: rheas


====Order [[Casuariiformes]]====
==Neognathae==
Australasia; 4 species
* Family [[Casuariidae]]: cassowaries and emu


====Order [[Apterygiformes]]====
Nearly all living birds belong to the superorder of '''[[Neognathae]]''' or "new jaws". With their keels, unlike the ratites, they are known as [[carinate]]s. The passerines alone account for well over 5000 species.
Australasia; 5 species
* Family [[Apterygidae]]: kiwis


===[[Anseriformes]]===
====Order †[[Aepyornithiformes]]====
Madagascar
Worldwide; 150 species.
* Family [[Aepyornithidae]]: elephant birds
* [[Anhimidae]]: screamers
* [[Anseranatidae]]: Magpie-goose
* [[Anatidae]]: [[duck]]s, [[eider]]s, [[Goose|geese]], [[Goldeneye (duck)|goldeneyes]], [[merganser]]s, [[pintail]]s, [[pochard]]s, [[scaup]]s, [[scoter]]s, [[shoveler]]s, [[swan]]s, [[teal]]s, [[wigeon]]s


===[[Galliformes]]===
====Order †[[Dinornithiformes]]====
New Zealand
Worldwide except northern Eurasia; 250 species.
* Family [[Upland moa|Megalapteryidae]]: upland moas
* [[Megapodidae]]: mound-builders
* Family [[Dinornithidae]]: great moas
* [[Cracidae]]: [[chachalaca]]s, [[curassow]]s, [[Guan (bird)|guans]]
* Family [[Emeidae]]: lesser moas
* [[Phasianoidea]]: [[pheasant]]s and allies
** [[Odontophoridae]]: New World [[quail]]s
** [[Numididae]]: guineafowl
** [[Phasianidae]]: pheasants, [[chicken]]s, [[francolin]]s, [[grouse]], [[junglefowl]], [[monal]]s, [[partridge]]s, [[peafowl]], Old World quail, [[Turkey (bird)|turkeys]]


===[[Podicipediformes]]===
====Order [[Tinamiformes]]====
Worldwide; 19 species.
South America; 45 species
* [[Podicipedidae]]: grebes
* Family [[Tinamidae]]: tinamous


===[[Phoenicopteriformes]]===
==Subclass [[Neognathae]]==
Nearly all living birds belong to the subclass '''[[Neognathae]]''' or "new jaws". With their [[Keel (bird anatomy)|keeled]] sternum (breastbone), unlike the ratites, they are known as [[carinatae]].
Worldwide; 6 species.
* [[Phoenicopteridae]]: flamingoes


===[[Pteroclidiformes]]===
===Infraclass [[Galloanserae]]===
Africa, Europe, Asia; 16 species.
* [[Pteroclididae]]: sandgrouse


===[[Columbiformes]]===
====Order [[Galliformes]]====
[[File:Australian Brush turkey2.jpeg|thumb|right|199px|Australian brush turkey]]
Worldwide; 300 species.
Worldwide; 250 species
* [[Columbidae]]: pigeons, doves
* Family †[[Sylviornithidae]]
* Suborder Megapodii
** Family [[Megapodidae]]: megapodes
* Suborder Craci
** Family [[Cracidae]]: [[chachalaca]]s, [[curassow]]s, and [[Guan (bird)|guans]]
* Suborder Phasiani
** Superfamily Numidioidea
*** Family [[Numididae]]: guineafowl
** Superfamily [[Phasianoidea]]: [[pheasant]]s and allies
*** Family [[Odontophoridae]]: New World quail
*** Family [[Phasianidae]]: [[pheasant]]s and relatives


===[[Caprimulgiformes]]===
====Order †[[Gastornithiformes]]====
* Family [[Gastornithidae]] (see [[Gastornis]])
Worldwide; 90 species.
* [[Steatornithidae]]: Oilbird
* Family [[Dromornithidae]]: mihirungs
* [[Podargidae]]: frogmouths
* [[Nyctibiidae]]: potoos
* [[Caprimulgidae]]: nightjars, [[nighthawk]]s, [[pauraque]]s, [[poorwill]]s
* [[Eurostopodidae]]: eared-nightjars


===[[Apodiformes]]===
====Order [[Anseriformes]]====
Worldwide; 400 species.
Worldwide; 150 species
* Family [[Anhimidae]]: screamers
* [[Trochilidae]]: hummingbirds and allies
* Family [[Anseranatidae]]: magpie-goose
* [[Apodidae]]: swifts, [[needletail]]s, [[swiftlet]]s
* Family [[Anatidae]]: [[duck]]s, [[goose|geese]], and [[swan]]s
* [[Hemiprocnidae]]: tree swifts


===[[Aegotheliformes]]===
===Superorder [[Mirandornithes]]===
Oceania; 10 species.
* [[Aegothelidae]]: owlet-nightjars


===[[Cuculiformes]]===
====Order [[Podicipediformes]]====
Worldwide; 150 species.
Worldwide; 19 species
* Family [[Podicipedidae]]: grebes
* [[Opisthocomidae]]: Hoatzin; probably a distinct order.
* [[Musophagidae]]: turacos, [[go-away-bird]]s, [[plantain-eater]]s
* [[Cuculidae]]: cuckoos, [[Ani (bird)|anis]], [[coua]]s, [[coucal]]s, [[koel]]s, [[malkoha]]s, [[roadrunner]]s


===[[Gruiformes]]===
====Order [[Phoenicopteriformes]]====
Worldwide; 200 species.
Worldwide; 6 species
* Family †[[Palaelodidae]]: swimming flamingos
* [[Mesitornithidae]]: mesites; probably a distinct order.
* Family [[Phoenicopteridae]]: flamingos
* [[Eurypygidae]]: Sunbittern; probably a distinct order.
* [[Rhynochetidae]]: Kagu; probably a distinct order.
* [[Otididae]]: bustards
* [[Grui]]: cranes and allies
** [[Gruidae]]: cranes
** [[Aramidae]]: Limpkin
** [[Psophiidae]]: trumpeters
* [[Ralli (suborder)|Ralli]]: rails and allies
** [[Rallidae]]: rails, [[coot]]s, [[crake]]s, [[flufftail]]s, [[moorhen]]s
** [[Heliornithidae]]: finfoots
* [[Cariamidae]]: seriemas; probably a distinct order.


===[[Gaviiformes]]===
===Superorder [[Columbimorphae]]===
North America, Eurasia; 5 species.
* [[Gaviidae]]: divers, loons


===[[Sphenisciformes]]===
====Order [[Columbiformes]]====
Antarctic and southern waters; 17 species.
Worldwide; 300 species
* Family [[Columbidae]]: pigeons and doves
* [[Spheniscidae]]: penguins


===[[Procellariiformes]]===
====Order [[Pterocliformes]]====
Pan-oceanic; 120 species.
Africa, Europe, Asia; 16 species
* [[Diomedeidae]]: albatrosses
* Family [[Pteroclidae]]: sandgrouse
* [[Procellariidae]]: [[fulmarine petrel]]s, [[gadfly petrel]]s, [[Prion (bird)|prions]], [[shearwater]]s
* [[Pelecanoididae]]: diving [[petrel]]s
* [[Hydrobatidae]]: storm petrels


===[[Ciconiiformes]]===
====Order [[Mesitornithiformes]]====
Worldwide; 100 species.
Madagascar; 3 species
* [[Ciconiidae]]: storks
* Family [[Mesitornithidae]]: mesites
* [[Threskiornithidae]]: [[ibis]]es, [[spoonbill]]s
* [[Ardeidae]]: herons, [[bittern]]s, [[egret]]s


===[[Pelecaniformes]]===
===Grandorder [[Cypselomorphae]]===
Worldwide; 68 species.
* [[Phaethontidae]]: tropicbirds; probably a distinct order.
* [[Balaenicipitidae]]: Shoebill
* [[Scopidae]]: Hammerkop
* [[Pelecanidae]]: pelicans
* [[Sulae]]: cormorants and allies
** [[Fregatidae]]: frigatebirds
** [[Sulidae]]: [[Booby (bird)|boobies]], [[gannet]]s
** [[Phalacrocoracidae]]: cormorants, shags
** [[Anhingidae]]: darters


===[[Charadriiformes]]===
====Order [[Caprimulgiformes]]====
Worldwide; 300 species.
Worldwide; 97 species
* Family [[Caprimulgidae]]: nightjars
* [[Scolopaci]]
** [[Scolopacidae]]: sandpipers, [[curlew]]s, [[dowitcher]]s, [[godwit]]s, [[phalarope]]s, [[shanks]], [[snipe]]s, [[Tattler (bird)|tattlers]], [[turnstone]]s, [[woodcock]]s
* [[Thinocori]]: aberrant waders
** [[Rostratulidae]]: painted snipe
** [[Jacanidae]]: jacanas
** [[Thinocoridae]]: seedsnipe
** [[Pedionomidae]]: Plains Wanderer
* [[Lari]]: gulls and allies
** [[Laridae]]: gulls, [[kittiwake]]s
** [[Rhynchopidae]]: skimmers
** [[Sternidae]]: terns, [[Noddy (tern)|noddies]]
** [[Alcidae]]: auks, [[auklet]]s, [[guillemot]]s, [[murre]]s, [[murrelet]]s, [[puffin]]s
** [[Stercorariidae]]: skuas, jaegers
** [[Glareolidae]]: [[courser]]s, [[pratincole]]s
** [[Dromadidae]]: Crab Plover
* [[Turnici]]
** [[Turnicidae]]: buttonquails
* [[Chionidi]]: thick-knees and allies
** [[Burhinidae]]: stone-curlews, thick-knees
** [[Chionididae]]: sheathbills
** [[Pluvianellidae]]: Magellanic Plover
* [[Charadrii]]: plover-like waders
** [[Ibidorhynchidae]]: Ibisbill
** [[Recurvirostridae]]: [[avocet]]s, [[stilt]]s
** [[Haematopodidae]]: oystercatchers
** [[Charadriidae]]: [[plover]]s, [[lapwing]]s


===[[Falconiformes]]===
====Order [[Steatornithiformes]] ====
South America; 1 species
Worldwide; 260 species; sometimes all families except Falconidae are separated as [[Accipitriformes]].
* Family [[Steatornithidae]]: oilbird
* [[Falconidae]]: [[caracara]]s, [[falcon]]s, [[falconet]]s, [[Hobby (bird)|hobbies]], [[kestrel]]s
* [[Cathartidae]]: New World [[vulture]]s, [[condor]]s
* [[Pandionidae]]: Osprey
* [[Accipitridae]]: [[buzzard]]s, [[eagle]]s, [[Harrier (bird)|harriers]], [[hawk]]s, [[Kite (bird)|kites]], [[Old World vulture]]s
* [[Sagittaridae]]: Secretary Bird


===[[Strigiformes]]===
====Order [[Potoo|Nyctibiiformes]] ====
Worldwide; 130 species.
Americas; 7 species
* [[Tytonidae]]: barn owls
* Family [[Nyctibiidae]]: potoos
* [[Strigidae]]: true owls


===[[Coliiformes]]===
====Order [[Frogmouth|Podargiformes]] ====
[[File:Tawny Frogmouth (Podargus strigoides) 2.jpg|thumb|Tawny frogmouth]]Asia and Australasia; 14 species
Sub-Saharan Africa; 6 species.
* [[Coliidae]]: mousebirds
* Family [[Podargidae]]: frogmouths


===[[Trogoniformes]]===
====Order [[Owlet-nightjar|Aegotheliformes]] ====
Sub-Saharan Africa, Americas, Asia; 35 species.
Australasia; 10 species
* Family [[Aegothelidae]]: owlet-nightjars
* [[Trogonidae]]: trogons, [[quetzal]]s


===[[Coraciiformes]]===
====Order [[Apodiformes]] ====
Worldwide; 478 species
Worldwide; 200 species; sometimes Bucerotidae, Upupidae and Phoeniculidae are separated as [[Bucerotiformes]].
* Family [[Hemiprocnidae]]: treeswifts
* [[Leptosomatidae]]: Cuckoo-roller; probably a distinct order.
* [[Bucerotidae]]: hornbills
* Family [[Apodidae]]: swifts
* [[Upupidae]]: Hoopoe
* Family [[Trochilidae]]: hummingbirds
* [[Phoeniculidae]]: woodhoopoes
* [[Meropidae]]: bee-eaters
* [[Coraciidae]]: rollers
* [[Brachypteraciidae]]: ground rollers
* [[Todidae]]: todies
* [[Momotidae]]: motmots
* [[Alcedines]]: kingfishers
** [[Alcedinidae]]: river kingfishers
** [[Halcyonidae]]: tree kingfishers
** [[Cerylidae]]: water kingfishers


===[[Piciformes]]===
===Grandorder [[Otidimorphae]]===
Worldwide except Australasia; 400 species.
* [[Galbulae]]: jacamars, puffbirds
** [[Galbulidae]]: jacamars
** [[Bucconidae]]: puffbirds
* [[Pici (suborder)|Pici]]: woodpeckers and allies
** [[Lybiidae]]: African barbets
** [[Megalaimidae]]: Asian barbets
** [[Ramphastidae]]: toucans
** [[Semnornithidae]]: toucan-barbets
** [[Capitonidae]]: American barbets
** [[Picidae]]: woodpeckers, [[piculet]]s, [[wryneck]]s
** [[Indicatoridae]]: honeyguides


===[[Psittaciformes]]===
====Order [[Cuculiformes]]====
Worldwide; 150 species
Pan-tropical, southern temperate zones; 330 species.
* Family [[Cuculidae]]: cuckoos and relatives
* [[Cacatuidae]]: cockatoos
* [[Psittacidae]]: parrots, [[Amazon parrot|amazons]], [[conure]]s, [[lories]], lorikeets, [[macaw]]s, parakeets, [[parrotlet]]s, [[racquet-tails]], [[rosella]]s


===[[Passeriformes]]===
====Order [[Musophagiformes]]====
Worldwide; 5000 species.
Africa; 23 species
* Family [[Musophagidae]]: turacos and relatives
* [[Acanthisitti]]
** [[Acanthisittidae]]: New Zealand wrens
* [[Tyranni]]: suboscines
** [[Tyrannidae]]: tyrant flycatchers
** [[Pittidae]]: pittas
** [[Furnariidae]]: ovenbirds
** [[Thamnophilidae]]: antbirds
** [[Formicariidae]]: antpittas and antthrushes
** [[Conopophagidae]]: gnateaters
** [[Rhinocryptidae]]: tapaculos
** [[Cotingidae]]: cotingas
** [[Pipridae]]: manakins
** [[Philepittidae]]: asities
* [[Passeri]]: oscines
** [[Atrichornithidae]]: scrub-birds
** [[Lyrebird|Menuridae]]: lyrebirds
** [[Turnagridae]]: Piopio
** [[Alaudidae]]: larks
** [[Hirundinidae]]: swallows
** [[Motacillidae]]: wagtails and pipits
** [[Campephagidae]]: cuckoo-shrikes
** [[Eupetidae]]: rail-babbler
** [[bulbul|Pycnonotidae]]: bulbuls
** [[Regulidae]]: kinglets
** [[Chloropseidae]]: leafbirds
** [[Aegithinidae]]: ioras
** [[Ptilogonatidae]]: silky-flycatchers
** [[Bombycillidae]]: waxwings
** [[Hypocoliidae]]: hypocolius
** [[Dulidae]]: Palmchat
** [[Cinclidae]]: dippers
** [[Troglodytidae]]: wrens
** [[Mimidae]]: mockingbirds, thrashers and Gray Catbird
** [[Prunellidae]]: accentors
** [[Turdidae]]: thrushes and allies
** [[Cisticolidae]]: cisticolas and allies
** [[Sylviidae]]: Old World warblers
** [[Polioptilidae]]: gnatcatchers
** [[Muscicapidae]]: Old World flycatchers
** [[Platysteiridae]]: wattle-eyes
** [[Petroicidae]]: Australasian robins
** [[Pachycephalidae]]: whistlers and allies
** [[Picathartidae]]: rockfowl
** [[Timaliidae]]: babblers
** [[Pomatostomidae]]: pseudo-babblers
** [[Paradoxornithidae]]: parrotbills
** [[Orthonychidae]]: logrunner and chowchilla
** [[Cinclosomatidae]]: whipbirds and quail-thrushes
** [[Aegithalidae]]: long-tailed tits
** [[Maluridae]]: fairy-wrens, emu-wrens and grasswrens
** [[Neosittidae]]: sitellas
** [[Climacteridae]]: Australasian treecreepers
** [[Paridae]]: chickadees and tits
** [[Sittidae]]: nuthatches
** [[Tichodromidae]]: Wallcreeper
** [[Certhiidae]]: treecreepers
** [[Rhabdornithidae]]: Philippine creepers
** [[Remizidae]]: penduline tits
** [[Nectariniidae]]: sunbirds and spiderhunters
** [[Melanocharitidae]]: berrypeckers and longbills
** [[Painted berrypecker|Paramythiidae]]: tit berrypecker and crested berrypeckers
** [[Dicaeidae]]: flowerpeckers
** [[Pardalotidae]]: pardalotes, thornbills and allies
** [[White-eye|Zosteropidae]]: white-eyes
** [[Promeropidae]]: sugarbirds
** [[Meliphagidae]]: honeyeaters and chats
** [[Oriolidae]]: Old World orioles
** [[Irenidae]]: fairy-bluebirds
** [[Laniidae]]: shrikes
** [[Malaconotidae]]: bushshrikes and allies
** [[Prionopidae]]: helmetshrikes
** [[Vangidae]]: vangas
** [[Dicruridae]]: drongos
** [[Callaeidae]]: wattlebirds
** [[Corcoracidae]]: White-winged Chough and Apostlebird
** [[Artamidae]]: currawongs, woodswallows, butcherbirds & allies
** [[Pityriaseidae]]: bristlehead
** [[Paradisaeidae]]: birds-of-paradise
** [[Ptilonorhynchidae]]: bowerbirds
** [[Corvidae]]: crows, jays and magpies
** [[Sturnidae]]: starlings
** [[Passeridae]]: Old World sparrows
** [[Ploceidae]]: weavers and allies
** [[Estrildidae]]: waxbills and allies
** [[Viduidae]]: indigobirds
** [[Vireonidae]]: vireos and allies
** [[Fringillidae]]: finches, crossbills and allies
** [[Drepanididae]]: Hawaiian honeycreepers
** [[Peucedramidae]]: Olive Warbler
** [[Parulidae]]: New World warblers
** [[Coerebidae]]: Bananaquit
** [[Thraupidae]]: tanagers and allies
** [[Emberizidae]]: buntings, seedeaters and allies
** [[Cardinalidae]]: saltators, cardinals and allies
** [[Icteridae]]: troupials and allies


====Order [[Otidiformes]]====
==See also==
Africa and Eurasia; 27 species
* Family [[Otididae]]: bustards


===Superorder [[Gruae]]===
* [[List of African birds]]
* [[List of Asian birds]]
* [[List of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic birds]]
* [[List of Australian birds]]
* [[List of European birds]]
* [[List of North American birds]]
* [[Extinct birds]]
* [[Prehistoric birds]]
* [[Fossil birds]]
* [[List of chicken breeds]]


====Order [[Opisthocomiformes]]====
For regions smaller than continents see:
South America; 1 species
* Family [[Opisthocomidae]]: hoatzin


====Order [[Gruiformes]]====
* [[Lists of birds by region]]
Worldwide; 164 species
* Suborder [[Grui]]: cranes and allies
** Family [[Gruidae]]: cranes
** Family [[Aramidae]]: limpkin
** Family [[Psophiidae]]: trumpeters
* Suborder [[Ralli (suborder)|Ralli]]: rails and allies
** Family †[[Aptornithidae]]: adzebills
** Family [[Heliornithidae]]: finfoots
** Family [[Sarothruridae]]: flufftails
** Family [[Rallidae]]: rails and relatives


====Order [[Charadriiformes]]====
==References==
Worldwide; 350 species
* Suborder [[Charadrii]]
** Infraorder [[Chionidi|Chionida]]: thick-knees and allies
*** Family [[Burhinidae]]: thick-knees and relatives
*** Family [[Chionididae]]: sheathbills
*** Family [[Pluvianellidae]]: Magellanic plover
** Infraorder [[Charadrii|Charadriida]]: plover-like waders
*** Family [[Pluvialis|Pluvialidae]]: [[golden plover]]s
*** Family [[Ibidorhynchidae]]: ibisbill
*** Family [[Haematopodidae]]: oystercatchers
*** Family [[Recurvirostridae]]: [[avocet]]s and [[stilt]]s
*** Family [[Charadriidae]]: [[plover]]s and [[lapwing]]s
* Suborder [[Scolopaci]]
** Infraorder [[Thinocori|Jacanida]]: [[Jacana (genus)|jacana]]-like waders
***[[File:Greater Painted-snipe, Rostratula benghalensis - female (12366707985).jpg|thumb|Greater painted-snipe]]Family [[Rostratulidae]]: painted snipes
***[[File:Flickr - Rainbirder - Egyptian Plover (Pluvianus aegyptius).jpg|thumb|Egyptian plover]]Family [[Pluvianidae]]: Egyptian plover
*** Family [[Jacanidae]]: jacanas
*** Family [[Thinocoridae]]: seedsnipes
***[[File:Pedionomus torquatus, South Australia 2.jpg|thumb|Plains-wanderer]]Family [[Pedionomidae]]: plains-wanderer
** Infraorder Scolopacida
*** Family [[Scolopacidae]]: sandpipers and relatives
* Suborder [[Lari (bird)|Lari]]
** Infraorder [[Turnici|Turnicida]]
*** Family [[Turnicidae]]: buttonquail
** Infraorder [[Lari (bird)|Larida]]: gulls and allies
*** Family [[Glareolidae]]: [[courser]]s and [[pratincole]]s
*** Family [[Crab plover|Dromadidae]]: crab-plover
*** Family [[Stercorariidae]]: skuas and jaegers
*** Family [[Alcidae]]: auks and puffins
*** Family [[Laridae]]: [[gull]]s, [[Skimmer (bird)|skimmer]]s and [[tern]]s


===Grandorder [[Phaethontimorphae]]===

====Order [[Eurypygiformes]]====
Neotropics and New Caledonia; 2 species
* Family [[Rhynochetidae]]: kagu
*[[File:Sunbittern (Eurypyga helias).JPG|thumb|Sunbittern]]Family [[Eurypygidae]]: sunbittern

====Order [[Phaethontiformes]]====
Oceanic; 3 species
* Family [[Phaethontidae]]: tropicbirds

===Grandorder [[Aequornithes]]===

====Order [[Gaviiformes]]====
North America, Eurasia; 5 species
* Family [[Gaviidae]]: loons

====Order [[Sphenisciformes]]====
Antarctic and southern waters; 17 species
* Family [[Spheniscidae]]: penguins

====Order [[Procellariiformes]]====
Pan-oceanic; 120 species
* Family [[Diomedeidae]]: albatrosses
* Family [[Oceanitidae]]: austral storm petrels
* Family [[Hydrobatidae]]: northern storm petrels
* Family [[Procellariidae]]: [[petrel]]s and relatives

====Order [[Ciconiiformes]]====
Worldwide; 19 species
[[File:White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) (5).jpg|thumb|White stork]]
* Family [[Ciconiidae]]: storks

====Order [[Suliformes]]====
Worldwide; 59 species
* Suborder Fregatae
** Family [[Fregatidae]]: frigatebirds
* Suborder Sulae
** Family [[Sulidae]]: [[booby|boobies]] and [[gannet]]s
** Family [[Anhingidae]]: darters
** Family [[Phalacrocoracidae]]: cormorants and shags

====Order [[Pelecaniformes]]====

[[File:A hamerkop (Scopus umbretta) about to eat a fish.jpg|thumb|Hamerkop]]

Worldwide; 108 species
* Suborder Threskiornithes
** Family [[Threskiornithidae]]: [[ibis]]es and [[spoonbill]]s
* Suborder Pelecani
** Family [[Scopidae]]: hamerkop
** Family [[Balaenicipitidae]]: shoebill
** Family [[Pelecanidae]]: pelicans
* Suborder Ardeae
** Family [[Ardeidae]]: herons and relatives

===Grandorder [[Afroaves]]===

====Order [[Accipitriformes]]====

[[File:Osprey at North Beach.jpg|thumb|Osprey ]]

Worldwide; 260 species
* Suborder Cathartae
** Family [[Cathartidae]]: New World vultures
* Suborder Accipitres
** Family [[Secretarybird|Sagittariidae]]: secretarybird
** Family [[Pandionidae]]: osprey
** Family [[Accipitridae]]: hawks, eagles, buzzards, harriers, kites and Old World vultures

====Order [[Strigiformes]]====
Worldwide; 250 species
* Family [[Tytonidae]]: barn owls
* Family [[Strigidae]]: true owls

====Order [[Coliiformes]]====

[[File:Urocolius macrourus-20090110B.jpg|thumb|Blue-naped mousebird]]

Sub-Saharan Africa; 6 species
* Family [[Coliidae]]: mousebirds

====Order [[Leptosomiformes]]====
Madagascar; 1 species
* Family [[Leptosomidae]]: cuckoo-roller

====Order [[Trogoniformes]]====
Sub-Saharan Africa, Americas, Asia; 35 species
* Family [[Trogonidae]]: trogons and [[quetzal]]s

====Order [[Bucerotiformes]]====
Old World, New Guinea; 64 species
* Superfamily Buceroidea
** Family [[Bucerotidae]]: hornbills
* Superfamily Upupoidea
** Family [[Upupidae]]: hoopoe
** Family [[Phoeniculidae]]: woodhoopoes

====Order [[Coraciiformes]]====
Worldwide; 144 species
* Suborder Meropi
** Family [[Meropidae]]: bee-eaters
* Suborder Coracii
** Family [[Coraciidae]]: rollers
** Family [[Brachypteraciidae]]: ground rollers
* Suborder Alcedines
** Family [[Todidae]]: todies
** Family [[Momotidae]]: motmots
** Family [[Alcedinidae]]: kingfishers
[[File:Common Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) in Hyderabad W IMG 8523.jpg|thumb|Kingfisher]]

====Order [[Piciformes]]====
Worldwide except Australasia; 400 species
* Suborder Galbuli
** Family [[Galbulidae]]: jacamars
** Family [[Bucconidae]]: puffbirds
* Suborder Pici
** Family [[Lybiidae]]: African barbets
** Family [[Megalaimidae]]: Asian barbets
** Family [[Ramphastidae]]: toucans
** Family [[Semnornithidae]]: toucan barbets
** Family [[Capitonidae]]: American barbets
** Family [[Indicatoridae]]: honeyguides
** Family [[Picidae]]: woodpeckers

===Grandorder [[Australaves]]===

====Order [[Cariamiformes]]====
South America; 2 species
* Family [[Cariamidae]]: seriemas

====Order [[Falconiformes]]====
Worldwide; 60 species
* Family [[Falconidae]]: falcons and relatives

====Order [[Psittaciformes]]====
Pan-tropical, southern temperate zones; 330 species
* Superfamily Strigopoidea
** Family [[Strigopidae]]: kakapo
** Family [[Nestoridae]]: kea and kakas
* Superfamily Cacatuoidea
** Family [[Cacatuidae]]: cockatoos and cockatiel
* Superfamily Psittacoidea
** Family [[Psittacidae]]: African and American parrots
** Family [[Psittaculidae]]: Australasian parrots
** Family [[Psittrichasiidae]]: Pesquet's parrot, vasa parrots

====Order [[Passeriformes]]====
[[File:Rock wren.jpg|thumb|right|199px|[[New Zealand rockwren|Rock wren]]]]
[[File:Eurylaimus javanicus - Khao Yai.jpg|thumb|right|199px|''[[Eurylaimus javanicus]]'']]
[[File:Pitta cyanea 1 - Khao Yai.jpg|thumb|right|199px|''[[Pitta cyanea]]'']]
[[File:Pachyramphus castaneus.jpg|thumb|right|199px|''[[Pachyramphus castaneus]]'']]
[[File:Superb lyrbird in scrub.jpg|thumb|right|199px|[[Lyrebird]]]]
Worldwide; 6,500 species
* Suborder [[Acanthisitti]]
** Family [[Acanthisittidae]]: New Zealand wrens
* Suborder [[Tyranni]]: suboscines
** Infraorder [[Eurylaimides]]: Old World suboscines
*** Family [[Sapayoidae]]: sapayoa
*** Family [[Calyptomenidae]]: Calyptomenid broadbills
*** Family [[Pittidae]]: pittas
*** Family [[Eurylaimidae]]: broadbills
*** Family [[Philepittidae]]: asities
** Infraorder [[Tyrannides]]: New World suboscines
*** Parvorder [[Tyrannida]]: bronchophones
**** Family [[Pipridae]]: manakins
**** Family [[Cotingidae]]: cotingas
**** Family [[Oxyruncidae]]: sharpbills
**** Family [[Onychorhynchidae]]: royal flycatchers and allies
**** Family [[Tityridae]]: [[becard]]s and [[tityra]]s
**** Family [[Pipritidae]]: pipriteses
**** Family [[Platyrinchidae]]: spadebills
**** Family [[Tachurididae]]: many-colored rush tyrants
**** Family [[Rhynchocyclidae]]: mionectine flycatchers
**** Family [[Tyrannidae]]: tyrant flycatchers
*** Parvorder [[Furnariida]]: tracheophones
**** Family [[Melanopareiidae]]: crescent-chests
**** Family [[Conopophagidae]]: gnateaters
**** Family [[Thamnophilidae]]: antbirds
**** Family [[Antpitta|Grallariidae]]: antpittas
**** Family [[Tapaculo|Rhinocryptidae]] tapaculos
**** Family [[Formicariidae]]: ground antbirds
**** Family [[Furnariidae]]: ovenbirds
* Suborder [[Passeri]]: oscines
** Infraorder [[Menurides]]
*** Family [[Atrichornithidae]]: scrub-birds
*** Family [[Menuridae]]: lyrebirds
** Infraorder [[Climacterides]]
*** Family [[Ptilonorhynchidae]]: bowerbirds
*** Family [[Climacteridae]]: Australasian treecreepers
** Infraorder [[Meliphagides]]
*** Family [[Maluridae]]: Australasian wrens
*** Family [[Dasyornithidae]]: bristlebirds
*** Family [[Pardalotidae]]: pardalotes
*** Family [[Acanthizidae]]: gerygones, thornbills and allies
*** Family [[Meliphagidae]]: honeyeaters and relatives
** Infraorder [[Orthonychides]]
*** Family [[Pomatostomidae]]: Australasian babblers
*** Family [[Orthonychidae]]: logrunners
** Infraorder [[Corvides]]
*** Superfamily Cinclosomatoidea
**** Family [[Cinclosomatidae]]: quail-thrushes and jewel-babblers
*** Superfamily Campephagoidea
**** Family [[Campephagidae]]: cuckoo-shrikes
*** Superfamily Mohouoidea
**** Family [[Mohouidae]]: whitehead and allies
*** Superfamily Neosittoidea
**** Family [[Neosittidae]]: sittellas
*** Superfamily Orioloidea
**** Family [[Eulacestomidae]]: wattled ploughbills
**** Family [[Psophodidae]]: whipbirds and [[quail-thrush]]es
**** Family [[Oreoicidae]]: Australo-Papuan bellbirds
**** Family [[Falcunculidae]]: crested shriketits
**** Family [[Paramythiidae]]: painted berrypeckers
**** Family [[Pteruthiidae]]: shrike-babblers
**** Family [[Vireonidae]]: vireos and relatives
**** Family [[Pachycephalidae]]: [[whistler (bird)|whistler]]s and relatives (Colluricinclidae)
**** Family [[Oriolidae]]: Old World orioles
*** Superfamily Malaconotoidea
**** Family [[Machaerirhynchidae]]: boatbills
**** Family [[Artamidae]]: [[woodswallow]]s and [[butcherbird]]s
**** Family [[Rhagologidae]]: mottled berryhunter
**** Family [[Aegithinidae]]: ioras
**** Family [[Pityriaseidae]]: bristlehead
**** Family [[Malaconotidae]]: bushshrikes and relatives
**** Family [[Platysteiridae]]: wattle-eyes and [[Batis (bird)|batis]]es
**** Family [[Vangidae]]: vangas (Tephrodornithidae; [[Prionopidae]])
*** Superfamily Corvoidea
**** Family [[Rhipiduridae]]: fantails
**** Family [[Lamproliidae]]: silktail, drongo fantail
**** Family [[Dicruridae]]: drongos
**** Family [[Ifritidae]]: blue-capped ifrits
**** Family [[Melampittidae]]: melampittas
**** Family [[Corcoracidae]]: Australian mudnesters
**** Family [[Paradisaeidae]]: birds-of-paradise
**** Family [[Monarchidae]]: monarch flycatchers
**** Family [[Laniidae]]: shrikes
**** Family [[Corvidae]]: [[jay]]s and [[crow]]s
** Infraorder [[Passerides]]
*** Parvorder [[Melanocharitida]]
**** Family [[Melanocharitidae]]: berrypeckers
*** Parvorder [[Cnemophilida]]
**** Family [[Cnemophilidae]]: satinbirds
*** Parvorder [[Petroicida]]
**** Family [[Petroicidae]]: Australasian robins
**** Family [[Notiomystidae]]: stitchbird
**** Family [[Callaeidae]]: wattlebirds
*** Parvorder [[Eupetida]]
**** Family [[Picathartidae]]: rockfowl
**** Familt [[Chaetopidae]]: rock-jumpers
**** Family [[Eupetidae]]: rail-babbler
*** Parvorder [[Sylviida]]
**** Superfamily Paroidea
***** Family [[Stenostiridae]]: fairy warblers
***** Family [[Hyliota|Hyliotidae]]: hyliotas
***** Family [[Remizidae]]: penduline tits
***** Family [[Paridae]]: chickadees and true tits
**** Superfamily Alaudoidea
***** Family [[Nicatoridae]]: nicators
***** Family [[Panuridae]]: bearded reedling
***** Family [[Alaudidae]]: larks
**** Family [[Macrosphenidae]]: African warblers
**** Superfamily Locustelloidea
***** Family [[Cisticolidae]]: [[cisticola]]s and relatives
***** Family [[Acrocephalidae]]: marsh warblers
***** Family [[Pnoepygidae]]: pygmy wren-babblers
***** Family [[Locustellidae]]: grass warblers
***** Family [[Donacobiidae]]: donacobius
***** Family [[Bernieridae]]: Malagasy warblers
**** Family [[Hirundinidae]]: swallows and martins
**** Family [[Pycnonotidae]]: bulbuls
**** Superfamily Aegithaloidea
***** Family [[Phylloscopidae]]: leaf warblers
***** Family [[Cettiidae]]: bush warblers (Erythrocercidae; [[Scotocercidae]])
***** Family [[Hyliidae]]: hylias
***** Family [[Aegithalidae]]: bushtits
**** Superfamily [[Sylvioidea]]
***** Family [[Sylviidae]]: true warblers
***** Family [[Paradoxornithidae]]: parrotbills, fulvettas
***** Family [[Zosteropidae]]: white-eyes
***** Family [[Timaliidae]]: babblers and relatives
***** Family [[Pellorneidae]]: fulvettas, ground babblers
***** Family [[Leiothrichidae]]: laughing thrushes
*** Parvorder [[Muscicapida]]
**** Superorder Reguloidea
***** Family [[Regulidae]]: kinglets
**** Superfamily Bombycilloidea
***** Family [[Elachuridae]]: spotted wren-babblers
***** Family †[[Mohoidae]]: Hawaiian honeyeaters
***** Family [[Ptiliogonatidae]]: silky-flycatchers
***** Family [[Bombycillidae]]: waxwings
***** Family [[Dulidae]]: palmchat
***** Family [[Hypocoliidae]]: hypocolius
***** Family [[Hylocitreidae]]: hylocitrea
**** Superfamily Certhioidea
***** Family [[Tichodromidae]]: wallcreeper
***** Family [[Sittidae]]: nuthatches
***** Family [[Certhiidae]]: treecreepers
***** Family [[Troglodytidae]]: wrens
***** Family [[Polioptilidae]]: gnatcatchers
**** Superfamily Muscicapoidea
***** Family [[Cinclidae]]: dippers
***** Family [[Turdidae]]: thrushes and relatives
***** Family [[Muscicapidae]]: flycatchers and relatives
***** Family [[Buphagidae]]: oxpeckers
***** Family [[Mimidae]]: [[mockingbird]]s and [[thrasher]]s
***** Family [[Sturnidae]]: starlings and [[myna]]s ([[Rhabdornithidae]])
*** Parvorder [[Passerida]]
**** Family [[Promeropidae]]: sugarbirds
**** Family [[Arcanatoridae]]: dapplethroat and allies
**** Family [[Dicaeidae]]: flowerpeckers
**** Family [[Nectariniidae]]: sunbirds
**** Family [[Irenidae]]: fairy-bluebirds
**** Family [[Chloropseidae]]: leafbirds
**** Family [[Peucedramidae]]: olive warbler
**** Family [[Prunellidae]]: accentors
**** Superfamily Ploceoidea
***** Family [[Urocynchramidae]]: pink-tailed bunting
***** Family [[Ploceidae]]: weavers and relatives
***** Family [[Viduidae]]: whydahs and indigobirds
***** Family [[Estrildidae]]: weaver finches
**** Superfamily Passeroidea
***** Family [[Passeridae]]: Old World sparrows
***** Family [[Motacillidae]]: [[wagtail]]s and [[pipit]]s
***** Family [[Fringillidae]]: finches and relatives
***** Family [[Calcariidae]]: longspurs, snow buntings
***** Family [[Rhodinocichlidae]]: rosy thrush-tanagers
***** Family [[Emberizidae]]: [[Bunting (bird)|Old World buntings]]
***** Family [[Passerellidae]]: American sparrows
***** Family [[Phaenicophilidae]]: palm-tanager and allies
***** Family [[Zeledoniidae]]: wrenthrush
***** Family [[Icteriidae]]: [[yellow-breasted chat]]
***** Family [[Icteridae]]: [[New World blackbird]]s and [[New World oriole]]s
***** Family [[Teretistridae]]: Cuban warblers
***** Family [[Parulidae]]: wood warblers
***** Family [[Mitrospingidae]]
***** Family [[Cardinalidae]]: cardinals, [[grosbeak]]s, and New World buntings
***** Family [[Thraupidae]]: tanagers and relatives (Coerebidae)

==See also==
* [[Lists of animals]]
* [[List of bird genera]]
* [[List of chicken breeds]]
* [[List of birds by common name]]
* [[List of individual birds]]
* Lists by continent
** [[List of birds of Africa]]
** [[List of birds of Antarctica]]
** [[List of birds of Asia]]
** [[List of birds of Australia]]
** [[List of birds of Europe]]
** [[List of birds of North America]]
** [[List of birds of South America]]
* Lists by smaller geographic unit
** [[Lists of birds by region]]
* Extinct birds
** [[List of recently extinct bird species]]
** [[List of Late Quaternary prehistoric bird species]]
** [[List of fossil bird genera]]
* [[List of fictional birds]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{Birds}}
{{Birds}}
[[Category:Lists of animals|Birds]]
[[Category:Lists of birds| ]]
[[Category:Birds by classification| ]]


[[Category:Bird families| ]]
[[de:Systematik der Vögel]]
[[Category:Bird orders| ]]
[[fa:فهرست پرندگان]]
[[Category:Birds by classification| ]]
[[fy:List fan fûgels]]
[[Category:Lists of birds| ]]
[[hu:A madarak rendszerezése]]
[[Category:Ornithology lists| ]]
[[nl:Lijst van vogels]]
[[ja:Clements鳥類分類]]
[[nrm:Liste des ouésiâos]]
[[pt:Anexo:Lista de aves]]
[[sr:Класификација птица]]
[[ta:பறவைகள் பட்டியல்]]
[[zea:Lieste van veugels]]
[[zh:鸟类传统分类系统]]

Latest revision as of 00:25, 27 December 2024

See also: List of birds by common name, Lists of birds by region, and List of bird genera
Penguins
Ostriches

This article lists living orders and families of birds. In total there are about 10,000 species of birds described worldwide, though one estimate of the real number places it at almost twice that.[1] The order passerines (perching birds) alone accounts for well over 5,000 species.

Taxonomy is very fluid in the age of DNA analysis, so comments are made where appropriate, and all numbers are approximate. In particular see Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy for a very different classification.

Phylogeny

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Cladogram of modern bird relationships based on Jarvis, E.D. et al. (2014)[2] with some clade names after Yuri, T. et al. (2013).[3]

Aves
Palaeognathae
Neognathae
Galloanserae
Neoaves
Columbea
Passerea
Otidae
Gruae

Opisthocomiformes (hoatzin)

Cursorimorphae

Gruiformes (rails and cranes)

Charadriiformes (shorebirds)

Phaethoquornithes
Telluraves
Afroaves
Accipitrimorphae

Cathartiformes (condors and New World vultures)

Accipitriformes (hawks, eagles, vultures, etc.)

Strigiformes (owls)

Coraciimorphae

Coliiformes (mousebirds)

Leptosomiformes (cuckoo roller)

Trogoniformes (trogons)

Bucerotiformes (hornbills, hoopoe and wood hoopoes)

Coraciiformes (kingfishers etc.)

Piciformes (woodpeckers etc.)

Australaves

Cariamiformes (seriemas)

Eufalconimorphae

Falconiformes (falcons)

Psittacopasserae

Psittaciformes (parrots)

Passeriformes (songbirds and kin)

Subclass Palaeognathae

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The Palaeognathae or "old jaws" is one of the two superorders recognized within the taxonomic class Aves and consist of the ratites and tinamous. The ratites are mostly large and long-legged, flightless birds, lacking a keeled sternum. Traditionally, all the ratites were place in the order Struthioniformes. However, recent genetic analysis has found that the group is not monophyletic, as it is paraphyletic with respect to the tinamous, so the ostriches are classified as the only members of the order Struthioniformes and other ratites placed in other orders.[6][7]

Order Struthioniformes

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Greater rhea pair
Eudromia elegans
Casuarius casuarius

Africa; 2 species

Infraclass Notopalaeognathae

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Order Rheiformes

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South America; 2 species

  • Family †Opisthodactylidae
  • Family Rheidae: rheas

Order Casuariiformes

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Australasia; 4 species

Order Apterygiformes

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Australasia; 5 species

Order †Aepyornithiformes

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Madagascar

Order †Dinornithiformes

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New Zealand

Order Tinamiformes

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South America; 45 species

Subclass Neognathae

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Nearly all living birds belong to the subclass Neognathae or "new jaws". With their keeled sternum (breastbone), unlike the ratites, they are known as carinatae.

Infraclass Galloanserae

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Order Galliformes

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Australian brush turkey

Worldwide; 250 species

Order †Gastornithiformes

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Order Anseriformes

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Worldwide; 150 species

Superorder Mirandornithes

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Order Podicipediformes

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Worldwide; 19 species

Order Phoenicopteriformes

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Worldwide; 6 species

Superorder Columbimorphae

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Order Columbiformes

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Worldwide; 300 species

Order Pterocliformes

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Africa, Europe, Asia; 16 species

Order Mesitornithiformes

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Madagascar; 3 species

Grandorder Cypselomorphae

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Order Caprimulgiformes

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Worldwide; 97 species

Order Steatornithiformes

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South America; 1 species

Order Nyctibiiformes

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Americas; 7 species

Order Podargiformes

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Tawny frogmouth

Asia and Australasia; 14 species

Order Aegotheliformes

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Australasia; 10 species

Order Apodiformes

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Worldwide; 478 species

Grandorder Otidimorphae

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Order Cuculiformes

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Worldwide; 150 species

Order Musophagiformes

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Africa; 23 species

Order Otidiformes

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Africa and Eurasia; 27 species

Superorder Gruae

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Order Opisthocomiformes

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South America; 1 species

Order Gruiformes

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Worldwide; 164 species

Order Charadriiformes

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Worldwide; 350 species

Grandorder Phaethontimorphae

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Order Eurypygiformes

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Neotropics and New Caledonia; 2 species

Order Phaethontiformes

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Oceanic; 3 species

Grandorder Aequornithes

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Order Gaviiformes

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North America, Eurasia; 5 species

Order Sphenisciformes

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Antarctic and southern waters; 17 species

Order Procellariiformes

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Pan-oceanic; 120 species

Order Ciconiiformes

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Worldwide; 19 species

White stork

Order Suliformes

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Worldwide; 59 species

Order Pelecaniformes

[edit]
Hamerkop

Worldwide; 108 species

Grandorder Afroaves

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Order Accipitriformes

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Osprey

Worldwide; 260 species

Order Strigiformes

[edit]

Worldwide; 250 species

Order Coliiformes

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Blue-naped mousebird

Sub-Saharan Africa; 6 species

Order Leptosomiformes

[edit]

Madagascar; 1 species

Order Trogoniformes

[edit]

Sub-Saharan Africa, Americas, Asia; 35 species

Order Bucerotiformes

[edit]

Old World, New Guinea; 64 species

Order Coraciiformes

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Worldwide; 144 species

Kingfisher

Order Piciformes

[edit]

Worldwide except Australasia; 400 species

Grandorder Australaves

[edit]

Order Cariamiformes

[edit]

South America; 2 species

Order Falconiformes

[edit]

Worldwide; 60 species

Order Psittaciformes

[edit]

Pan-tropical, southern temperate zones; 330 species

Order Passeriformes

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Rock wren
Eurylaimus javanicus
Pitta cyanea
Pachyramphus castaneus
Lyrebird

Worldwide; 6,500 species

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Barrowclough, GF; Cracraft, J; Klicka, J; Zink, RM (2016). "How Many Kinds of Birds Are There and Why Does It Matter?". PLOS ONE. 11 (11): e0166307. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1166307B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0166307. PMC 5120813. PMID 27880775.
  2. ^ Jarvis, E.D.; et al. (2014). "Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds". Science. 346 (6215): 1320–1331. Bibcode:2014Sci...346.1320J. doi:10.1126/science.1253451. PMC 4405904. PMID 25504713.
  3. ^ Yuri, T.; et al. (2013). "Parsimony and Model-Based Analyses of Indels in Avian Nuclear Genes Reveal Congruent and Incongruent Phylogenetic Signals". Biology. 2 (1): 419–444. doi:10.3390/biology2010419. PMC 4009869. PMID 24832669.
  4. ^ Boyd, John (2007). "NEORNITHES: 46 Orders" (PDF). John Boyd's website. Retrieved 30 December 2017.[unreliable source?]
  5. ^ Worthy, T.H.; Degrange, F.J.; Handley, W.D.; Lee, M.S.Y. (2017). "The evolution of giant flightless birds and novel phylogenetic relationships for extinct fowl (Aves, Galloanseres)". Royal Society Open Science. 11 (10): 170975. Bibcode:2017RSOS....470975W. doi:10.1098/rsos.170975. PMC 5666277. PMID 29134094.
  6. ^ Hackett, S.J.; et al. (2008). "A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History". Science. 320 (5884): 1763–1768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1763H. doi:10.1126/science.1157704. PMID 18583609. S2CID 6472805.
  7. ^ Yuri, T (2013). "Parsimony and model-based analyses of indels in avian nuclear genes reveal congruent and incongruent phylogenetic signals". Biology. 2 (1): 419–44. doi:10.3390/biology2010419. PMC 4009869. PMID 24832669.
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