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{{short description|Fictional planet in Star Wars}}
{| class="toccolours" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="float: right; width: 300px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse;"
{{About|the fictional planet in ''Star Wars''|the exoplanet sometimes known as "Coruscant"|Kepler-452b}}
|+ <big>'''Coruscant'''</big>
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2021}}
|-
{{Infobox fictional location
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background: black;" | [[Image:Coruscant.jpg|350px|The Coruscant skyline]]
| name = Coruscant
|-
| image = Coruscant.png
! Distance from Core
| caption =
| 0 [[light year]]s
| source = [[Star Wars]]
|-
| first = ''[[Heir to the Empire]]'' (1991)<br>Canon (live-action): ''[[Return of the Jedi]]'' (1997 special edition)
! Region
| last = ''[[Ahsoka (TV series)|Ahsoka]] (2023)
| Core Worlds
| creator = [[George Lucas]], [[Timothy Zahn]]
|-
| genre = [[Science fiction]]
! Oversector
| type = Urban (planetwide [[ecumenopolis]])<ref name="Coruscant" />
| Imperial Center Oversector (during Imperial rule)
| races = {{Plainlist|
|-
* [[Human (Star Wars)|Human]] ([[Indigenous peoples|indigenous]]; homeworld presumably)
! [[Systems of Star Wars|Sector/System]]
* Taung (historically)
| Coruscant
* Zhell (historically)
|-
}}
! [[Orbital period]]
| population = 2 [[trillion (short scale)|trillion]] (68% Human, 32% other sentients)<ref name="Coruscant" />
| 368 [[day]]s
| blank_label = Moon(s)
|-
| blank_data = 4<ref name="Coruscant">Carey, C. R. etc. ''Coruscant and the Core Worlds''. Renton, WA: Wizards of the Coast, 2003. P. 7.</ref> (Centax-1, Centax-2, Centax-3 and Hesperdium)
! [[Rotation period]]
| blank_label1 = Oceans
| 24 [[hour]]s
| blank_data1 = 0
|-
| blank_label2 = Sun(s)
! Number of suns
| blank_data2 = Coruscant Prime
| 1
| blank_label3 = Grid Coordinates
|-
| blank_data3 = L-9
! Number of moons
| blank_label4 = XYZ Coordinates
| 4 (Two were pulverized by the Yuuzhan Vong)
| blank_data4 = 0,0,0
! Species
}}
| Human, various
'''Coruscant''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɒr|ə|s|ɑː|n|t}}){{efn|Before ''[[The Phantom Menace]]'' was produced, the "sc" had a pronunciation like a "sk" in ''Star Wars'' merchandise such as the [[Thrawn trilogy|''Thrawn'' trilogy]] audiobooks. The rare English word "coruscant" ("glimmering") is pronounced {{IPAc-en|k|ə|ˈ|r|ʌ|s|k|ən|t}} {{respell|kə|RUSS|kənt}}.}} is an [[ecumenopolis]] [[planet]] in the fictional universe of ''[[Star Wars]].'' It was first described in [[Timothy Zahn|Timothy Zahn's]] 1991 novel ''[[Heir to the Empire]].'' The planet made its first on-screen appearance in a scene added to ''[[Return of the Jedi]]'' for its 1997 re-release. It has gone on to become an important location in
|-
the ''Star Wars'' universe and appears frequently in ''Star Wars'' media.
! Main language
In-universe, Coruscant is a politically and strategically important planet, serving as the capital and [[seat of government]] for the [[Galactic Republic|Republic]]<ref name="epi13">{{Cite book |last1=Bouzereau |first1=Laurent |title=The Making of Star Wars: The Phantom Menace |last2=Duncan |first2=Jody |publisher=Ballantine |year=1999 |isbn=0-345-43111-1 |page=13}}</ref> and the [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]], as well as the headquarters of the [[Jedi|Jedi Order]]. It is depicted as a bustling, yet highly stratified planet-spanning metropolis.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Leonard |first=Joel |date=2021-03-30 |title=10 best locations for spring break in the Star Wars universe |url=https://dorksideoftheforce.com/2021/03/30/10-best-spring-break-locations-star-wars/ |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=Dork Side of the Force |language=en-US}}</ref> Throughout the city's centuries-long development, new city blocks were built on top of old ones, forming levels. Coruscant has 5127 levels, with the top being the wealthiest and the lowest being the poorest.<ref name=":0" />
| Various
|-
! Species
| Human, various
|-
! Main language
| Various
|-
! Species
| Human, various
|-
! Main language
| Various
|-
! Population
| 1 [[trillion]]+ (according to literature)
|-
! Points of Interest
| [[Jedi Temple]], Imperial Palace, [[Manarai Mountains]], Galactic Senate Building
|-
! Surface water
| 29% (in ice caps)
|-
! Affiliation
| [[Galactic Republic]], [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]], [[Yuuzhan Vong]], [[New Republic (Star Wars)|New Galactic Republic]] / [[Galactic Alliance]]
|}


Coruscant has four moons and is the sixth planet out of the eleven that make up the system of the same name. It lies within the Coruscant Subsector of the Corusca Sector, located in the Core Worlds [[galactic quadrant]] region. The sun, Coruscant Prime, is the zero [[Galactic coordinate system|coordinate]] of the [[List of Star Wars planets and moons|''Star Wars'' galaxy]] (as opposed to being its [[Galaxy#Center|galactic center]]). In ''[[Star wars legends|Legends]]'', Coruscant was once referred to as Notron or Queen of the Core. It was renamed Imperial Center during the reign of the Galactic Empire (as depicted in the [[Original trilogy (Star Wars)|original films]]) and Yuuzhan'tar during the [[Yuuzhan Vong]] invasion (as depicted in the ''[[New Jedi Order]]'' novel series). Initially, the planet's [[capital city]] was Galactic City (built at least in 100,000 BBY,{{efn|BBY: Before the Battle of Yavin depicted in ''[[Star Wars (film)|Episode IV: A New Hope]]''}} partially destroyed in 27 and 44 ABY).{{efn|ABY: After the Battle of Yavin depicted in ''A New Hope''}} It was Imperial City under the [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]] and was Republic City (or the City of Spires) under the [[Galactic Republic]]. The planet was code-named Triple Zero during the [[Clone Wars (Star Wars)|Clone Wars]]. The demonym and adjective form of the planet's name is Coruscanti.
'''Coruscant''' (pronounced /{{IPA|'kʊ.ɹə.sɑnt}}/) is the name of a [[fictional planet]] in the [[Star Wars]] [[Star Wars galaxy|universe]]. An [[ecumenopolis]], it was renamed '''Imperial Center''' during the reign of the Galactic Empire and '''Yuuzhan'tar''' during the Yuuzhan Vong Invasion. The adjective form of the planet name is '''Coruscanti'''.


Many native citizens of Coruscant speak with the [[Received Pronunciation]] accent (known in-universe as [[Coruscant]]i).<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Holmes |first=Jonathan |title=Why are there so many posh British accents in Star Wars? |url=https://www.wired.com/story/solo-a-star-wars-story-posh-british-accents-sci-fi/ |access-date=2024-03-20 |magazine=Wired |language=en-US |issn=1059-1028 |archive-date=2024-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240320122119/https://www.wired.com/story/solo-a-star-wars-story-posh-british-accents-sci-fi/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-15 |title='Star Wars': Why do The Empire speak in posh British accents? |url=https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/star-wars-why-the-empire-speak-posh-british-accents/ |access-date=2024-03-20 |website=faroutmagazine.co.uk |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240320122119/https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/star-wars-why-the-empire-speak-posh-british-accents/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
{{spoiler}}
Coruscant was the [[capital]] of the [[Galactic Republic (Star Wars)|Old Republic]], the [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]], the [[New Republic (Star Wars)|New Republic]], and the [[Yuuzhan Vong]] Empire at various times. It is generally agreed that Coruscant is the most important world in the [[Star Wars galaxy|galaxy]], evidenced by the fact that its [[hyperspace (science fiction)|hyperspace]] coordinates are (0,0,0). The galaxy's main trade routes&mdash;Rimma Trade Route, Perlemian Trade Route, Hydian Way, Corellian Run and Corellian Trade Spine&mdash;go through Coruscant, making it one of the richest worlds in the [[Star Wars galaxy]].


==Etymology and naming==
==Overview==
In the ''[[Star Wars]]'' [[Star Wars|universe]], the planet Coruscant derives its name from a rare and valuable gemstone, the corusca gem (a fictional gem in ''Star Wars'' lore). The lights of the planet-wide city, as seen from space,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Greicius |first=Tony |date=2015-12-15 |title=Meanwhile, in a galaxy not so far, far away… |url=http://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/meanwhile-in-a-galaxy-not-so-far-far-away |access-date=2023-07-10 |website=NASA}}</ref> were said to resemble the glittering of these gems.
The entire surface of Coruscant has been covered over throughout the thousands of generations of galactic history by sprawling skyscrapers and cities. The planet's oceans have all been drained and kept in vast underground caverns for future reuse. The only body of water visible is the Western Sea, a body of water left alone by the workers to be preserved for tourists and natives alike. The Western Sea has many artificially created islands floating on it, used by tourists on holidays. The only other piece of Coruscant's landmass that has been left untouched are the [[Manarai Mountains]], twin peaks that stick up out of the ground near the famous Imperial Palace. Many floating restaurants revolve around the Mountains, giving patrons a unique view of the natural wonders.


In the real world, the word “coruscant” originates in the late 15th century from the [[Latin]] word ''coruscant'', meaning "vibrating, glittering." It comes from the [[Latin]] verb ''coruscare'', meaning “to glitter.” The ''[[Concise Oxford Dictionary]]'' defines it as a poetic and literary adjective meaning "glittering; sparkling."<ref>See also [http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?o2=&o0=1&o7=&o5=&o1=1&o6=&o4=&o3=&s=coruscant Princeton WordNet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728220242/http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?o2=&o0=1&o7=&o5=&o1=1&o6=&o4=&o3=&s=coruscant |date=July 28, 2020 }}</ref> In [[French language|French]], “coruscant” is also used as an adjective meaning “glittering; sparkling.” As a literary adjective, the [[French language|French]] term can be used to describe a decadent and overly complicated language, decorum, or community.
Since there are no bodies of water available to feed and water its trillion inhabitants, Coruscant's architects along with many others from around the galaxy worked together to build a self-contained eco-system in the massive buildings set all over the planet. Engineers also developed a complex series of huge pipes through which polar ice is pumped through to the cities of Coruscant. Almost everything on the planet, from clothes to packaging and machinery is recyclable. Another problem for a world like Coruscant is the unimaginable amounts of [[carbon dioxide]] that its trillion being population generate each day, so atmospheric dampeners were put into place in orbit to remove it. Galactic Standard Time was developed on Coruscant and revolves around the hours Coruscant has in a single day, which is 24 hours, with 368 local days a year.


==Early concepts==
Galactic City is divided into several thousand quadrants, with each quadrant subdivided into numbered sectors. Some of these numbered sectors received colloquial names. For example, H-46 is also called Sah'c Town, named for the family that owns much of it. Some areas were specifically designated senatorial, governmental, financial (including banking zones), commercial, and residential. Larger areas of the planet were designated for [[industry|industrial]] or [[manufacturing]] use only. The largest of these areas is known colloquially as "''The Works''". The Works had manufactured spacecraft parts, droids, and building materials at an astonishing rate for hundreds of years, but as construction in space became more efficient, The Works fell in disrepair. It has gained the reputation as a hub of high criminal activity and many locals stay away from it. The Works was the [[Sith]] meeting place of [[Palpatine|Darth Sidious]] and [[Count Dooku]], Sidious's second apprentice and [[Confederacy of Independent Systems|Confederate]] head of state and government in ''[[Attack of the Clones]]''. Another area of Coruscant shown is ''Coco Town'' (short for "collective commerce"). Many diverse species live here and work in manufacturing. Coco Town is the site of Dex's Diner in ''[[Attack of the Clones]]''.
The concept of a [[city planet|city-planet]] in the ''Star Wars'' [[fictional universe|universe]] originated with the initial drafts of ''[[Star Wars (film)|Star Wars]]'' when author [[George Lucas]] included a planet called ''[[Alderaan]],'' a city-planet and the capital planet of the galaxy.{{sfn|Rinzler|2008|pp=351-400}} In Lucas's 1975 draft, ''Adventures of the Starkiller as taken from the Journal of the Whills, Saga I: The Star Wars'', the capital planet of Alderaan is described as a [[Floating city (science fiction)|floating city]] in the clouds, "suspended in a sea of cirrus methane."{{sfn|Hearn|2005|pp=86-87}}{{sfn|Bouzereau|1998|pp=67-68}} This concept was illustrated in early sketches commissioned by Lucas from [[Concept art|conceptual artist]] [[Ralph McQuarrie]], and the design very closely resembles [[Bespin|Cloud City]], the floating city featured in ''[[The Empire Strikes Back]]''.<ref name="mcquarrie">{{cite web|title=An Annotated Guide to The Star Wars Portfolio by Ralph McQuarrie {{!}} StarWars.com|url=https://www.starwars.com/news/an-annotated-guide-to-the-star-wars-portfolio-by-ralph-mcquarrie|website=StarWars.com|access-date=20 April 2017|date=14 January 2014|archive-date=June 24, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170624093601/http://www.starwars.com/news/an-annotated-guide-to-the-star-wars-portfolio-by-ralph-mcquarrie|url-status=live}}</ref> In Lucas's third draft, the Imperial City of Alderaan became the homeworld of the [[Sith|Sith Lord]]s, where [[Darth Vader]] held [[Princess Leia]] captive. Lucas continued to hone his script, aided by [[screenwriter]]s [[Willard Huyck]] and [[Gloria Katz]]. By the fourth draft, scenes on the Imperial capital planet had been moved to a space station called the [[Death Star]] and the name of [[Alderaan]] was given to a peaceful world destroyed by the Empire.{{sfn|Hearn|2005|p=99}}
The Empire's homeworld, '''Had Abbadon''', came up in early drafts of ''[[Return of the Jedi]]''. The entire planet was to be a sprawling city. However, concluding that the realization of such a city was impossible at the time, the creators abandoned the idea. Later, in the graphic novel ''Legacy 29: Vector, Part 10'' the name Had Abbadon was given to a lost mythic planet in the Had Abbadon System of the Deep Core. This mythic planet was covered by dry fields, linked to the birth of the Jedi, and the location of a planned assassination attempt by [[Cade Skywalker]] on [[Darth Krayt]]. It was also the home to an Imperial.


The Empire's homeworld first appeared in the [[Star Wars Expanded Universe|''Star Wars'' Expanded Universe]] and was called Coruscant for the first time in [[Timothy Zahn]]'s ''[[Heir to the Empire]]''.
==History==
Since 25,000 [[Dates in Star Wars|BBY]], an [[ecumenopolis]], or global city, has covered almost all of Coruscant's surface. New buildings were built on the old. As a result, there was virtually no exposed land. In the forgotten underlevels of the city, there was darkness, pollution and crime. Higher up, there were government offices and [[penthouse]]s owned by the elite. Coruscant was the homeworld of the [[Humans (Star Wars)|Humans]], who likely evolved from the proto-human [[Zhell]], and the [[Taung (Star Wars)|Taung]] species. The Zhell were dominant until the Taung conquered them. The Taung became known as the Dark Warriors, and in the middle of their epic battle against the Zhell, their efforts were helped by an erupting volcano that wiped out the major Zhell city. The Taung then systematically destroyed all remaining Zhell camps and took the name Dha Werda Verda, or in Basic, "Warriors of the Shadow." Eventually, the Taung were exiled from Coruscant to [[Mandalore (planet)|Mandalore]], becoming the progenitors of the first [[Mandalorian]]s.


In various novels, characters aligned with the Empire refer to Coruscant as the "Imperial Center". Within the stories, this is explained as an administrative renaming undertaken to emphasize the differences between the Old Republic and the Empire.
Under the Empire, Coruscant was renamed Imperial Center and Galactic City was also renamed Imperial City. Non-human species were also compelled to live in segregated parts (also known as "ethnic neighbourhoods") of Imperial City, such as Invisec. The greedy [[Palpatine|Emperor Palpatine]] began to shape Coruscant with his own designs, and this included the installment of thousands of surveillance systems throughout the city world. Massive shield generators were placed all over Coruscant, and where they overlapped, severe storms took place, giving the planet a [[Gothic architecture|gothic]] look, which mirrored the utter desperation of many of its inhabitants as they choked under Emperor Palpatine's iron rule. The Emperor also had the Palace of the Republic rebuilt and renamed the Imperial Palace. The Imperial Palace was a massive pyramidal structure and was the largest construction project in Coruscant. The Emperor also commissioned top Imperial engineers to design and manufacture massive Construction Droids that were the size of skyscrapers. These gigantic automatons would "eat" an old, decrepit building by using its many smelters, conveyer belts and mechanical arms. From the recycled parts of that old building they would construct a new building.


Coruscant was in some early sources called "Jhantor" in homage to [[Isaac Asimov]]'s [[Trantor]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maemura |first1=Emily |title=Total Urbanization of a Planet - The Ecumenopolis |url=https://www.tboake.com/gravity/maemura/coruscant.htm |website=tboake |access-date=18 August 2022 |archive-date=August 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818001147/https://www.tboake.com/gravity/maemura/coruscant.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
After the death of Palpatine, a series of the Emperor's warlords including [[Ysanne Isard]] ruled the Imperial Centre. Isard's reign over the Imperial Centre was plagued by the threat of rival warlords and the expanding New Republic. So before she left the Imperial Centre, she contaminated the city's water supply with the deadly [[Krytos virus]] that only affected non-human species. Eventually the New Republic destroyed the virus and liberated Imperial Center, returning it to its original name of Coruscant. Isard used her hidden [[Star Destroyer#Executor-class Star Dreadnought|Super Star Destroyer]] ''[[Lusankya]]'' to escape, in the process killing millions; tearing off a large part of the cityscape and shooting down a [[skyhook (structure)|skyhook]], before finally jumping into hyperspace.


==Design==
Eventually the New Republic rebuilt Galactic City and made Coruscant once again the ruling planet for their government. During those years, [[Leia Organa-Solo]] gave birth to her and Han's first two children, [[Jacen Solo|Jacen]] and [[Jaina Solo]]. However, Coruscant was again under attack by the dreaded [[Grand Admiral Thrawn]] who put twenty-seven cloaked asteroids in a decaying orbit above Coruscant in an attempt to create confusion among the New Republic and retake the Core for the [[Imperial Remnant]]. The Shield Generators put in place by the Empire were adequate in stopping the asteroids from raining down on the city-planet and there was enough food to hold out for months against the asteroids, but the siege was a great blow to New Republic Morale. However, when Thrawn's fleet was defeated at the Imperial shipyards at Bilbringi, a device (called a crystal grav-trap) was captured by the New Republic that could detect the mass of the cloaked asteroids, allowing the siege to be lifted.
Production artwork produced by Ralph McQuarrie for ''Return of the Jedi'' included some unrealized designs for the imperial capital, Had Abbadon. During the production of ''[[Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace|The Phantom Menace]]'', it was decided that scenes would be set on the capital planet, now called Coruscant. Artist [[Doug Chiang]] was tasked with designing the imperial city for which he turned to McQuarrie's original concept art.{{sfn|Hearn|2005|p=193}} The appearance of the cityscape has been described as a "[[Retrofuturism|retro-futuristic]] metropolis", and the streams of floating vehicles traveling between soaring skyscrapers is thought to have been partly inspired by [[Fritz Lang]]'s 1927 film, ''[[Metropolis (1927 film)|Metropolis]]''.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Lamster|first1=Mark|title=Architecture and Film|publisher=Princeton Architectural Press|isbn=9781568988375|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rBmtVk9Rt8cC&q=coruscant%20fritz%20lang%20metropolis&pg=RA2-PT113|access-date=21 April 2017|language=en|date=2013-07-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Cinema Behind Star Wars: Metropolis|url=https://www.starwars.com/news/the-cinema-behind-star-wars-metropolis|website=StarWars.com|publisher=Lucasfilm|access-date=21 April 2017|date=18 August 2014|archive-date=June 23, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623142038/http://www.starwars.com/news/the-cinema-behind-star-wars-metropolis|url-status=live}}</ref>


In ''[[Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones|Attack of the Clones]]'', the depiction of Coruscant was expanded greatly. Chiang created a more urban, apocalyptic environment for the street level, taking inspiration from [[Ridley Scott]]'s 1982 hit film ''[[Blade Runner]]''.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Cotta Vaz|first1=Mark|title=The Art of Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the clones|date=2002|publisher=Ballantine Publ. Group|location=New York|isbn=9780345431257|edition=1.|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/artofstarwarsepi0000vazm}}</ref>
A year later the remaining members of the [[Imperial Inner Circle]] began massive attacks on Coruscant, detonating destructive bombs on its surface and committing suicide runs in capital ships. Little did they know that they were being manipulated by the reborn Palpatine, who was manipulating both his servants and the people of the Republic to achieve his everlasting rule over the galaxy. Coruscant was ruined in the attacks, with half of the Imperial Palace destroyed, many toppled buildings and with billions of deaths. The space around Coruscant was littered with countless starship wreckage that would not be cleared for years.


==Appearances==
After Palpatine's final death, the New Republic retook the planet and made a massive effort to clean up the world and restore it to its original beauty. Billions more flocked to live at the bright center of the galaxy, replacing those that were lost in the bloodshed surrounding the horror of the reborn Emperor Palpatine. Imperial [[Admiral Daala]] also planned to crash one of her [[Star Destroyer]]s into the planet in an attempt to rip it apart, but was stopped by [[Kyp Durron]] and the [[Sun Crusher]].
=== ''Episode VI: Return of the Jedi'' ===
Coruscant is the location of a sequence added to the [[Changes in Star Wars re-releases|1997 Special Edition]] release of ''Return of the Jedi'', its first onscreen appearance.<ref name="epi13" /> The sequence depicts the reaction of citizens of Coruscant upon hearing of the death of [[Palpatine|Emperor Palpatine]], where many citizens are seen celebrating with fireworks and pulling down his statue. The 1998 novel ''X-Wing: Iron Fist'' included an eyewitness account of this scene.<ref>Allston, Aaron. ''X-Wing: Iron Fist'' (Bantam Books, 1998), ch. 3.</ref>


=== ''Episode I: The Phantom Menace'' ===
In ''[[The New Jedi Order]]'' series, Coruscant is the capital world of the New Republic until ''[[Star by Star]]'', in which the extragalactic [[Yuuzhan Vong]] overwhelm the Republic defenses in three attack waves led by Warmaster [[Tsavong Lah]] and take over the planet. The Yuuzhan Vong designated it '''Yuuzhan'tar''', after the name of their homeworld and their chief [[deity]] [[Yuuzhan Vong#Yun Yuuzhan|Yun Yuuzhan]], and [[terraforming|terraformed]] it to overwhelm the city covering its surface and restore a natural ecology. The vast majority of the planet's non-Yuuzhan Vong population was shipped offworld in massive refugee ships, though some people did stay behind in the substructure of the city. Two moons were pulverized to create the planetary rings called the Great Bridge. Additionally, water-rich asteroids were crashed into the planet, creating surface water. The Yuuzhan Vong also moved the planet closer to its sun. The [[Galactic Alliance]] eventually retook Coruscant back from the Yuuzhan Vong. After surrendering, the Yuuzhan Vong agreed to help the Alliance rebuild Coruscant. The new Coruscant is a combination of technology and organic life, to represent the peace between the Galactic Alliance and the Yuuzhan Vong.
Coruscant was prominently featured in ''[[Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace]]'' as the location of the [[Galactic Republic]] Senate building and the central Jedi Temple.
{{starwars-stub}}


=== ''Episode II: Attack of the Clones'' ===
==Etymology and naming==
There is a [[airspeeder|speeder]] chase through the skies of Coruscant in ''[[Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones|Episode II: Attack of the Clones]]'' that eventually leads to a nightclub in the bowels of Coruscant's Uscru Entertainment District. Another area of Coruscant shown is ''Coco Town'' (short for "collective commerce"). Coco Town is the site of Dex's Diner in ''Attack of the Clones''. Another notable area of Coruscant is 500 Republica, an area where the elites of the city, such as politicians and diplomats, gather.
The name itself is Latin in origin (from the adjective "coruscus"), meaning "coruscating, "flashing" or "twinkling", and probably refers to the night side of the planetwide city. Traditionally pronounced with a hard "c" (''ko&#180;-rus-kant&#180;''), the word is pronounced Ko&#180;-ru-sant in the ''[[Star Wars]]'' Universe.


=== ''Episode III: Revenge of the Sith'' ===
Originally the planet, which was then called "Alderaan", was to appear in [[Star Wars: A New Hope|the first ''Star Wars'' film]], but the budget wouldn't allow, so a lot of action on Alderaan was moved to the [[Death Star]] and Alderaan became the name of [[Alderaan|Princess Leia's home planet]] which is destroyed. The concept of seeing the Empire's home world, renamed "Had Abaddon", came up again in the ''[[Return of the Jedi]]'', and the concept of the entire planet being a city came up for the first time. However, realizing such a city on screen was impossible at the time so the idea was abandoned.
In ''[[Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith|Episode III: Revenge of the Sith]]'', Coruscant is featured in a space battle (known as the Battle of Coruscant) during the opening scene. Separatist cyborg, [[General Grievous]] kidnaps Chancellor Palpatine and uses the Separatist fleet to help assault the capital and cover his escape.
The concept of a city covering an entire planet is not entirely new. The planet [[Trantor]] in [[Isaac Asimov]]'s ''[[The Foundation Series|Foundation]]'' novels is probably the first fictional planet to be totally urbanized, but it was not the last. One famous 1983 fan-fiction ''[[Episode III]]'' draft by John L. Flynn names the Imperial City "Jhantor," in homage to Asimov's work. Trantor was entirely covered in city except for 100 [[square kilometer]]s devoted to the gardens of the Imperial Palace; the same is stated to be true of Coruscant in ''[[Star Wars: Shadows of the Empire|Shadows of the Empire]]''.


The planet's cityscape is then prominently featured throughout much of the movie with Chancellor Palpatine's office as well as the Senate building being the primary two settings on Coruscant. A theatre in 500 Republica is where [[Darth Vader|Anakin Skywalker]] and Palpatine watch a ballet; during the show, Palpatine encourages Skywalker to ally with the Dark Side by telling him of the supposed Sith ability of resuscitation.
The planet first appeared in the [[Expanded Universe (Star Wars)|Expanded Universe]] and was called "Coruscant" for the first time in [[Timothy Zahn]]'s ''[[Heir to the Empire]]''. Coruscant wasn't originally seen on screen until ''[[The Phantom Menace]]''. It was seen on screen in the [[List of changes in Star Wars re-releases|1997 Special Edition]] release of ''[[Return of the Jedi]]'', and the ''[[X-wing]]'' series of computer games. There is a [[airspeeder|speeder]] chase through the skies of Coruscant in ''[[Attack of the Clones]]'' that eventually leads to a [[nightclub]] in the bowels of Coruscant's Uscru Entertainment District. Coruscant is seen yet again in ''[[Revenge of the Sith]]'' as part of the [[Battle of Coruscant]] near the end of the [[Clone Wars]], where a large part of the plot centers around the Republic Senate and the Jedi Temple.


[[Image:Modimapgalaxy1.jpg|300px|thumb|Map of the [[Star Wars galaxy|''Star Wars'' galaxy]]; Coruscant's XYZ coordinates are designated '''0,0,0''' and the grid coordinates are '''L-9'''.]]
In various novels, characters aligned with the Empire refer to Coruscant as "'''Imperial Centre'''". Within the stories, this is explained as an administrative renaming undertaken to emphasize the differences between the [[Old Republic (Star Wars)|Old Republic]] and the Empire. The new name never resonated with the general population&mdash;it was only called Imperial Center in government documents. The name was abandoned when the New Republic retook Coruscant.


After a failed attempt by the Jedi to arrest Palpatine when he divulges his true identity as Darth Sidious to Skywalker, Palpatine appoints himself Emperor of the first [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]] in the Republic Senate Building on Coruscant.
==Inconsistencies==
In the large volume of material that exists relating to Coruscant, there are conflicting statements about the ecumenopolis.


===''Star Wars: The Clone Wars'' (2003 and 2008 TV series)===
The population is variously stated as 176 billion, 1 trillion, or 1 quadrillion. The smaller figures are illogical, but more often stated. However, the [[G-canon]] source, ''Inside the Worlds of Episode I'' states that Coruscant has a population of 1 trillion. Film estimates based on the apparent depth of the cityscape and its literally globe-spanning extent suggest a population density that, applied over the entire surface area of Coruscant would suggest a population probably in the several quadrillion (1e16&ndash;1e15) range and certainly no less than several hundred trillions (1e15&ndash;1e14). These estimates have been performed by Star Wars fan scholar Curtis Saxton, and other technical-minded fans on many separate occasions. It remains to be seen if later generations of official publications will reflect figures similar to those presented by the scale of Coruscant in the movies.
Coruscant features prominently in both the 2003 [[traditional animation|traditionally-animated]] ''[[Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003 TV series)|Clone Wars]]'' series and the 2008 animated ''[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)|The Clone Wars]]'' series, as the headquarters of the Jedi Temple and the Senate.


===''Rogue One: A Star Wars Story''===
The assumption that Coruscant was made up of many layers of buildings on top of each other, supported by Expanded Universe works such as the ''Young Jedi Knights'' series, was not supported by the appearance of the planet in ''Attack of the Clones''. The canonical interpretation was revised for ''The New Jedi Order''. Now, Coruscant is essentially two planet-spanning cities: one on the surface and one underground. The underground city takes the status of "lower levels" from the [[retcon]]ned covered-over buildings. Incidentally, this new interpretation makes Coruscant much more like Trantor. It also explains why the surface seen in ''Attack of the Clones'' was not nearly as dismal as the lower levels in ''YJK'': they were ''below'' the surface in the book.
In ''[[Rogue One]]'', [[Jyn Erso]] has a flashback of her young self on Coruscant.


=== ''Obi-Wan Kenobi'' ===
However, the nightclub seen in ''Attack of the Clones'' is not at the actual surface of the planet. There are thousands of layers to the city and what may appear to be the "surface" is actually a lower level. The lowest levels of all - near the planetary surface - are the most dangerous and least hospitable of all. While on Coruscant in ''The Paradise Snare,'' Han Solo fled Imperial Stormtroopers by delving into the depths of Coruscant, witnessing its true horror firsthand.
In [[Obi-Wan Kenobi (TV series)|''Obi-Wan Kenobi'']], Coruscant makes its first extensive live-action appearance in the ''Star Wars'' saga since the prequel trilogy. Coruscant is prominent in a montage of footage from the ''Star Wars'' prequel films, and the Jedi Temple of Coruscant is the setting of several scenes.


===''Andor''===
Most sources, including all illustrations, show Coruscant as having negligible surface water. However, the ''Black Fleet Crisis'' Trilogy states that Coruscant has two continents, a large one that contains Imperial City and a smaller one. More than half of this version of Coruscant is ocean. There are cliffs along the coast, contradicting the previous statement that the only place the bedrock was exposed to the surface was at the peaks of the Manarai Mountains, which are otherwise covered in buildings. This contradiction is because [[Michael P. Kube-McDowell]], author of the ''Black Fleet Crisis'' trilogy, has publically stated he has personal issues with the concept of a city covering an entire planet. He was apparently attempting to [[retcon]] Coruscant into being a more Earth-like world with a population of only a few billion. His version of Coruscant has been ignored by later Expanded Universe books, as well as the movies.
Coruscant is a prominent setting in the ''[[Andor (TV series)|Andor]]'' series. All of [[Mon Mothma|Mon Mothma's]] scenes take place on Coruscant as well as the majority of Dedra and Syril's scenes.


===''Tales of the Jedi''===
It is said that Coruscant was naturally a cold planet, similar to [[Hoth]], before terraforming millennia ago. It still has icecaps, according to the ''Young Jedi Knights'' and ''Rogue Squadron'' novels, but they are never visible in depictions of the planet from space. Supposedly, Coruscant was cold due to distance from its sun, but the sun appears large in the sky in ''The Phantom Menace''. The climate is altered by orbital mirrors that focus the sun. [http://theforce.net/swtc/orbs.html#coruscant]
In ''[[Tales of the Jedi (TV series)|Tales of the Jedi]]'', Coruscant appears prominently in three of the six episodes. [[Count Dooku]] and [[Mace Windu]] attend the funeral of Council Member Katri at the Jedi Temple, [[Ahsoka Tano]] is shown extensively training for combat in the same location, and the final [[lightsaber]] duel between [[List of Star Wars characters#Y|Master Yaddle]] and Count Dooku takes place in [[Darth Sidious]]' manufacturing-district lair. In one scene, Dooku remarks upon the fact that Coruscant is a planet of "Steel and Stone", lacking much in the way of wild nature; [[Qui-Gon Jinn]], who was born there, had never seen a tree before visiting the Jedi Temple for the first time as a boy.

=== ''The Mandalorian'' ===
In [[Chapter 19: The Convert|the 19th episode]] of ''[[The Mandalorian]]'', Coruscant is featured as a New Republic capital. On Coruscant, we are re-introduced to [[Dr. Pershing|Dr. Penn Pershing]] and [[List of The Mandalorian characters|Elia Kane]], a former communications officer on [[Moff Gideon|Moff Gideon's]] cruiser, who are now revealed to be a part of the New Republic Amnesty program. We are also introduced to the Shipyard Depot, a salvage yard where decommissioned Star Destroyers are being dismantled.

===Other works===
Coruscant appears as the background of a space battle in ''[[Lego Star Wars: The Complete Saga]]''.

In ''[[Lego Star Wars: The Skywalker Saga]]'', players can visit Coruscant's Federal and Uscru Districts.

In the prologue of the comic series ''[[Dark Empire]]'' (1991), set after the original film trilogy, Coruscant is ravaged by battles between warring Imperial factions.

Coruscant appears as the opening level in 2023's ''[[Star Wars: Jedi Survivor]]''. Cal Kestis is tasked with tracking down Senator Daho Sejan, the player chasing after the senator's yacht until catching up with it.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/wikis/star-wars-jedi-survivor/Coruscant_-_Pursue_the_Senator%27s_Yacht|title=Coruscant - Pursue the Senator's Yacht|date=August 6, 2024|publisher=IGN|website=ign.com|last=Harvey|first=Angie}}</ref>

Coruscant is seen in the ''[[Star Wars: X-Wing (video game series)|X-Wing]]'' series of computer games.

Concept art by [[Ralph McQuarrie]] served as the basis for the pyramidal Imperial Palace, depicted in ''The Illustrated Star Wars Universe'' (1995) by [[Kevin J. Anderson]], which claims it is "the largest structure on Coruscant, perhaps on any planet".<ref>{{Cite book|last=Anderson|first=Kevin J.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32388635|title=The Illustrated Star Wars universe|publisher=Bantam Books|year=1995|isbn=0-553-09302-9|location=New York|pages=74|oclc=32388635|access-date=May 23, 2021|archive-date=May 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220512135110/http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32388635|url-status=live}}</ref> According to the ''[[Star Wars Encyclopedia]]'' (1998), it is located next to the Senate building.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sansweet|first=Stephen J.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36960986|title=Star Wars Encyclopedia|publisher=Ballantine|year=1998|isbn=0-345-40227-8|edition=1st|location=New York|page=58|oclc=36960986|authorlink=Steve Sansweet}}</ref> Although this version of the Imperial Palace appears in a variety of Expanded Universe works, in canon, the Imperial Palace is located at the site of the former Jedi Temple, where Palpatine resides.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jedi Temple|url=https://www.starwars.com/databank/jedi-temple|access-date=2021-05-23|website=StarWars.com|language=en|archive-date=April 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424164006/https://www.starwars.com/databank/jedi-temple|url-status=live}}</ref>

In ''[[The New Jedi Order]]'' series (1999–2003), Coruscant is the capital world of the New Republic until, in [[Star by Star|''The New Jedi Order: Star by Star'']], the extragalactic [[Yuuzhan Vong]] overwhelm the New Republic defenses in three attack waves led by Warmaster [[List of Star Wars Legends characters#L|Tsavong Lah]] who takes over the planet, destroying the New Republic and creating the theocratic Yuuzhan Vong Empire. After surrendering, the Yuuzhan Vong agreed to help the Alliance rebuild Coruscant. The new Coruscant is a combination of technology and organic life representing the peace between the Galactic Federation of Free Alliances (Galactic Alliance) and the Yuuzhan Vong.

[[James Luceno|James Luceno's]] novel ''[[Labyrinth of Evil]]'' (2005) introduces a deserted manufacturing area known as 'The Works' as the meeting place for [[Sith Lord]]s Darth Sidious (Palpatine) and [[Count Dooku|Darth Tyranus]].

With the 2012 acquisition of [[Lucasfilm]] by [[The Walt Disney Company]], most of the licensed ''Star Wars'' novels and comics produced since the originating 1977 film ''[[Star Wars (film)|Star Wars]]'' were re-branded as ''Star Wars Legends'' and [[Star Wars canon|declared non-canon]] to the franchise in April 2014.<ref name="SW Adult">{{cite web|date=April 25, 2014|title=Disney and Random House announce relaunch of ''Star Wars'' Adult Fiction line|url=https://www.starwars.com/news/disney-publishing-worldwide-and-random-house-announce-relaunch-of-star-wars-adult-fiction-line|access-date=May 26, 2016|publisher=StarWars.com|archive-date=May 14, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514073722/http://www.starwars.com/news/disney-publishing-worldwide-and-random-house-announce-relaunch-of-star-wars-adult-fiction-line|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="THR Legends">{{cite news|last=McMilian|first=Graeme|date=April 25, 2014|title=Lucasfilm Unveils New Plans for ''Star Wars'' Expanded Universe|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/lucasfilm-unveils-new-plans-star-698973|access-date=May 26, 2016|archive-date=August 30, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830203115/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/lucasfilm-unveils-new-plans-star-698973|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="SW Legends">{{cite web|date=April 25, 2014|title=The Legendary ''Star Wars'' Expanded Universe Turns a New Page|url=https://www.starwars.com/news/the-legendary-star-wars-expanded-universe-turns-a-new-page|access-date=May 26, 2016|publisher=[[StarWars.com]]|archive-date=September 10, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910044317/http://www.starwars.com/news/the-legendary-star-wars-expanded-universe-turns-a-new-page|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Notable metropolitan areas===
{{In-universe|section|date=May 2021}}

==== Senate District ====
The '''Senate District''' (also sometimes referred to as the '''Federal District''') is located on the planet's equator, and is known to contain numerous notable sites such as the Ambassadorial Sector (canonically home to ''500 Republica'' and the Senate Apartment Complex), Embassy Mall, the Coruscant Opera House, the Galactic Museum, the Heorem Complex (where the Heorem Skytunnel is located), Judicial Plaza (home to the Glitanni Esplanade and the Judicial Arcology), the Legislative Borough, Senate Plaza, the Avenue Of The Core Founders, the Republic Executive Building, the Galactic Senate Building, Hospital Plaza, the Galactic Senate, the Palace District (home to the Imperial Palace and Senate Hill), Quadrant A-89 (home to the CSF HQ), the Fellowship Plaza, the Galactic Justice Center and the Temple Precinct (home to the Jedi Temple), Sector H-52, Sector I-33, the Uscru Boulevard, Westport and Xizor's Palace.

The Senate District is depicted as the ''de facto'' capital of Coruscant, the Old Republic, the Galactic Empire, the New Republic, the Galactic Federation Of Free Alliances, and the One Sith. It is shown bordering the Financial District and the Sah'c District and is also adjacent to The Works (an industrial sector on the planet). The Senate District is also referred to as '''the Legislative District''', '''Government District''', and '''Government Center'''.

==== Alien Protection Zone ====
The '''Alien Protection Zone''' is referenced as a walled [[ghetto]] on Coruscant of an unknown location, housing the planet's [[Lists of Star Wars species|non-human]] population. Neighborhoods within the zone are shown representing the cultures of these minority groups. The Alien Protection Zone was constructed in 19 BBY by the Galactic Empire and opened by the New Republic in 6 ABY.

==== Sah'c Town ====
'''Sah'c Town''', also known as '''Sah'c District''' or '''Quadrant H-46''', is an area described as situated on the Equator, named after and controlled by the wealthy Sah'c family. It was home to an emergency bunker where the chancellor of the Galactic Republic or New Republic ruled in case of emergencies. The area also contains Sah'c Canyon, which is the exit point of the Senate District's Heorem Skytunnel.

'''Uscru District'''

The '''Uscru District''' appears in ''Attack of the Clones, Revenge of the Sith,'' and ''Lego Star Wars: The Skywalker Saga''. On its upper levels, it hosts the Galaxy's Opera House. The district's lower levels were collectively referred to as the Entertainment District. The Outlander Club, seen in ''Attack of the Clones'' and mentioned in ''[[Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order|Jedi: Fallen Order]],'' is in the Entertainment District.

==Theme park attraction==
Coruscant also appears as one of the in–ride "destination planets" in the theme park attraction [[Star Tours – The Adventures Continue]] in [[Disney's Hollywood Studios]] at [[Walt Disney World Resort]] in [[Orlando, Florida]], and [[Disneyland|Disneyland Park]] at [[Disneyland Resort]] in [[Anaheim, California]].

==See also==
{{Portal|Speculative fiction|Film}}
* [[Ecumenopolis]]
* [[List of Star Wars planets and moons|List of ''Star Wars'' planets and moons]]
* ''[[Star Wars 1313]]''
* [[Trantor]]


==References==
==References==
'''Footnotes'''
*''The Essential guide to Planets and Moons (Star Wars)'', 1st edition, by Daniel Wallace, Scott Kolins. 1998. ISBN: 0-345-42068-3
{{notelist}}
*''Star Wars, X-Wing: Wedge's Gamble'', (Book 2 of the X-Wing series) 1st paperback printing, 1996. Michael A. Stackpole, ISBN 0-553-56802-7

*''Star Wars, X-Wing: The Kryptos Trap'', (Book 3 of the X-Wing series) 1st paperback printing, 1996. Michael A. Stackpole, ISBN 0-553-56803-5
'''Citations'''
*''Star Wars: Before the Storm'', (Book 1 of The Black Fleet Crisis), first paperback printing, 1996. Michael P. Kube-McDowell, ISBN 0-553-57273-3
{{Reflist}}
*''Star Wars: Shield of Lies'', (Book 2 of The Black Fleet Crisis), first paperback printing, 1996. Michael P. Kube-McDowell, ISBN 0-553-57277-6

*''Star Wars, Darksaber'', 1st paperback printing, 1995. Kevin J. Anderson, ISBN 0-553-57611-9
===Sources===
*''Star Wars: Shadows of the Empire'', 1996. Steve Perry, ISBN 0-553-57413-2
* {{cite book|last1=Rinzler|first1=J. W.|date=2008|title=The Making of Star Wars: The Definitive Story Behind the Original Film|publisher=Ebury Press|isbn=9780091924997|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AKqMW5ChgScC&pg=PP1|access-date=20 April 2017|language=en}}
*''Heir to the Empire'', (Book 1 of The Thrawn Crisis), 1st edition, 1991. [[Timothy Zahn]]. ISBN 0-553-07327-3
* {{cite book|last1=Hearn|first1=Marcus|title=The Cinema of George Lucas|date=2005|publisher=Harry N. Abrams|location=New York|isbn=9780810949683|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sJQLAQAAMAAJ|access-date=21 April 2017|language=en}}
*''Dark Force Rising'', (Book 2 of The Thrawn Crisis), 1st edition, 1992. Timothy Zahn. ISBN 0-553-08574-3
* {{cite book|last1=Bouzereau|first1=Laurent|title=Star Wars: the Annotated Screenplays|date=1998|publisher=Titan Books|location=London|isbn=9781852869236|edition=1st UK|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=36hFPgAACAAJ|access-date=21 April 2017}}
*''The Last Command'', (Book 3 of The Thrawn Crisis), 1st edition, 1993. Timothy Zahn. ISBN 0-553-09186-7

==Further reading==
* ''The Essential Guide to Planets and Moons (Star Wars)'', 1st edition, by Daniel Wallace, Scott Kolins. 1998. {{ISBN|0-345-42068-3}}
* ''Star Wars, X-Wing: Wedge's Gamble'', (Book 2 of the X-Wing series) 1st paperback printing, 1996. Michael A. Stackpole, {{ISBN|0-553-56802-7}}
* ''Star Wars, X-Wing: The Krytos Trap'', (Book 3 of the X-Wing series) 1st paperback printing, 1996. Michael A. Stackpole, {{ISBN|0-553-56803-5}}
* ''Star Wars: Before the Storm'', (Book 1 of The Black Fleet Crisis), first paperback printing, 1996. Michael P. Kube-McDowell, {{ISBN|0-553-57273-3}}
* ''Star Wars: Shield of Lies'', (Book 2 of The Black Fleet Crisis), first paperback printing, 1996. Michael P. Kube-McDowell, {{ISBN|0-553-57277-6}}
* ''Star Wars, Darksaber'', 1st paperback printing, 1995. Kevin J. Anderson, {{ISBN|0-553-57611-9}}
* ''Star Wars: Shadows of the Empire'', 1996. Steve Perry, {{ISBN|0-553-57413-2}}
* ''Heir to the Empire'', (Book 1 of The Thrawn Crisis), 1st edition, 1991. [[Timothy Zahn]]. {{ISBN|0-553-07327-3}}
* ''Dark Force Rising'', (Book 2 of The Thrawn Crisis), 1st edition, 1992. Timothy Zahn. {{ISBN|0-553-08574-3}}
* ''The Last Command'', (Book 3 of The Thrawn Crisis), 1st edition, 1993. Timothy Zahn. {{ISBN|0-553-09186-7}}
* ''[[Edge of Victory: Rebirth]] (Book 8 of the New Jedi Order)'' 2001. Greg Keyes, {{ISBN|0-09-941044-3}}
* ''[[Star By Star]]'', (Book 9 of the New Jedi Order) 2002. Troy Denning, {{ISBN|0-09-941038-9}}
* ''[[The Shadow Academy]]'', [[Kevin J. Anderson]] and [[Rebecca Moesta]]. [[Berkley Publishing Group|Berkley]], 1995. ({{ISBN|1-57297-025-1}})
* ''[[Young Jedi Knights#Book 3: The Lost Ones|The Lost Ones]]'', [[Kevin J. Anderson]] and [[Rebecca Moesta]]. [[Berkley Publishing Group|Berkley]], 1995. ({{ISBN|1-57297-052-9}})
* Alain Musset, ''From New York to Coruscant. Essay on Geofiction'' (in French only: ''De New York à Coruscant. Essai de géofiction'', PUF, 2005. This author uses science fiction as a way to explore the present (assuming that writers base their fiction as an extension of today) [https://web.archive.org/web/20051120064340/http://tecfa.unige.ch/perso/staf/nova/blog/2005/07/13/from-new-york-to-coruscant/] / [http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/IMG/pdf/vdp23_en.pdf] (p.&nbsp;109)


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.starwars.com/databank/location/coruscant/ Star Wars Databank | Coruscant]
* {{Star Wars Databank|subject=coruscant|text=Coruscant}}
* {{Wookieepedia|Coruscant}}
*[http://starwars.wikicities.com/wiki/Coruscant Star Wars Wiki | Coruscant]
* For a description of the word coruscant in French with examples, look at the blog "Le Garde Mot" [http://blog.legardemots.fr/post/2007/04/03/Coruscant]


[[Category:Star Wars planets]]
{{Star Wars universe|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Star Wars cities]]
[[Category:Megastructures]]


[[Category:Star Wars planets]]
[[ca:Coruscant]]
[[Category:Fictional elements introduced in 1991]]
[[da:Coruscant]]
[[Category:Megacities in fiction]]
[[es:Coruscant]]
[[Category:Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace]]
[[fr:Coruscant]]
[[Category:Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones]]
[[hu:Coruscant]]
[[Category:Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith]]
[[io:Coruscant]]
[[nl:Coruscant]]
[[ja:コルサント]]
[[pl:Coruscant]]
[[fi:Coruscant]]
[[sv:Coruscant]]

Latest revision as of 02:58, 23 December 2024

This article is about the fictional planet in Star Wars. For the exoplanet sometimes known as "Coruscant", see Kepler-452b.

Coruscant
Star Wars location
First appearanceHeir to the Empire (1991)
Canon (live-action): Return of the Jedi (1997 special edition)
Last appearanceAhsoka (2023)
Created byGeorge Lucas, Timothy Zahn
GenreScience fiction
In-universe information
TypeUrban (planetwide ecumenopolis)[1]
Race(s)
  • Human (indigenous; homeworld presumably)
  • Taung (historically)
  • Zhell (historically)
Population2 trillion (68% Human, 32% other sentients)[1]
Moon(s)4[1] (Centax-1, Centax-2, Centax-3 and Hesperdium)
Oceans0
Sun(s)Coruscant Prime
Grid CoordinatesL-9
XYZ Coordinates0,0,0

Coruscant (/ˈkɒrəsɑːnt/)[a] is an ecumenopolis planet in the fictional universe of Star Wars. It was first described in Timothy Zahn's 1991 novel Heir to the Empire. The planet made its first on-screen appearance in a scene added to Return of the Jedi for its 1997 re-release. It has gone on to become an important location in the Star Wars universe and appears frequently in Star Wars media. In-universe, Coruscant is a politically and strategically important planet, serving as the capital and seat of government for the Republic[2] and the Galactic Empire, as well as the headquarters of the Jedi Order. It is depicted as a bustling, yet highly stratified planet-spanning metropolis.[3] Throughout the city's centuries-long development, new city blocks were built on top of old ones, forming levels. Coruscant has 5127 levels, with the top being the wealthiest and the lowest being the poorest.[3]

Coruscant has four moons and is the sixth planet out of the eleven that make up the system of the same name. It lies within the Coruscant Subsector of the Corusca Sector, located in the Core Worlds galactic quadrant region. The sun, Coruscant Prime, is the zero coordinate of the Star Wars galaxy (as opposed to being its galactic center). In Legends, Coruscant was once referred to as Notron or Queen of the Core. It was renamed Imperial Center during the reign of the Galactic Empire (as depicted in the original films) and Yuuzhan'tar during the Yuuzhan Vong invasion (as depicted in the New Jedi Order novel series). Initially, the planet's capital city was Galactic City (built at least in 100,000 BBY,[b] partially destroyed in 27 and 44 ABY).[c] It was Imperial City under the Galactic Empire and was Republic City (or the City of Spires) under the Galactic Republic. The planet was code-named Triple Zero during the Clone Wars. The demonym and adjective form of the planet's name is Coruscanti.

Many native citizens of Coruscant speak with the Received Pronunciation accent (known in-universe as Coruscanti).[4][5]

Etymology and naming

[edit]

In the Star Wars universe, the planet Coruscant derives its name from a rare and valuable gemstone, the corusca gem (a fictional gem in Star Wars lore). The lights of the planet-wide city, as seen from space,[6] were said to resemble the glittering of these gems.

In the real world, the word “coruscant” originates in the late 15th century from the Latin word coruscant, meaning "vibrating, glittering." It comes from the Latin verb coruscare, meaning “to glitter.” The Concise Oxford Dictionary defines it as a poetic and literary adjective meaning "glittering; sparkling."[7] In French, “coruscant” is also used as an adjective meaning “glittering; sparkling.” As a literary adjective, the French term can be used to describe a decadent and overly complicated language, decorum, or community.

Early concepts

[edit]

The concept of a city-planet in the Star Wars universe originated with the initial drafts of Star Wars when author George Lucas included a planet called Alderaan, a city-planet and the capital planet of the galaxy.[8] In Lucas's 1975 draft, Adventures of the Starkiller as taken from the Journal of the Whills, Saga I: The Star Wars, the capital planet of Alderaan is described as a floating city in the clouds, "suspended in a sea of cirrus methane."[9][10] This concept was illustrated in early sketches commissioned by Lucas from conceptual artist Ralph McQuarrie, and the design very closely resembles Cloud City, the floating city featured in The Empire Strikes Back.[11] In Lucas's third draft, the Imperial City of Alderaan became the homeworld of the Sith Lords, where Darth Vader held Princess Leia captive. Lucas continued to hone his script, aided by screenwriters Willard Huyck and Gloria Katz. By the fourth draft, scenes on the Imperial capital planet had been moved to a space station called the Death Star and the name of Alderaan was given to a peaceful world destroyed by the Empire.[12] The Empire's homeworld, Had Abbadon, came up in early drafts of Return of the Jedi. The entire planet was to be a sprawling city. However, concluding that the realization of such a city was impossible at the time, the creators abandoned the idea. Later, in the graphic novel Legacy 29: Vector, Part 10 the name Had Abbadon was given to a lost mythic planet in the Had Abbadon System of the Deep Core. This mythic planet was covered by dry fields, linked to the birth of the Jedi, and the location of a planned assassination attempt by Cade Skywalker on Darth Krayt. It was also the home to an Imperial.

The Empire's homeworld first appeared in the Star Wars Expanded Universe and was called Coruscant for the first time in Timothy Zahn's Heir to the Empire.

In various novels, characters aligned with the Empire refer to Coruscant as the "Imperial Center". Within the stories, this is explained as an administrative renaming undertaken to emphasize the differences between the Old Republic and the Empire.

Coruscant was in some early sources called "Jhantor" in homage to Isaac Asimov's Trantor.[13]

Design

[edit]

Production artwork produced by Ralph McQuarrie for Return of the Jedi included some unrealized designs for the imperial capital, Had Abbadon. During the production of The Phantom Menace, it was decided that scenes would be set on the capital planet, now called Coruscant. Artist Doug Chiang was tasked with designing the imperial city for which he turned to McQuarrie's original concept art.[14] The appearance of the cityscape has been described as a "retro-futuristic metropolis", and the streams of floating vehicles traveling between soaring skyscrapers is thought to have been partly inspired by Fritz Lang's 1927 film, Metropolis.[15][16]

In Attack of the Clones, the depiction of Coruscant was expanded greatly. Chiang created a more urban, apocalyptic environment for the street level, taking inspiration from Ridley Scott's 1982 hit film Blade Runner.[17]

Appearances

[edit]

Episode VI: Return of the Jedi

[edit]

Coruscant is the location of a sequence added to the 1997 Special Edition release of Return of the Jedi, its first onscreen appearance.[2] The sequence depicts the reaction of citizens of Coruscant upon hearing of the death of Emperor Palpatine, where many citizens are seen celebrating with fireworks and pulling down his statue. The 1998 novel X-Wing: Iron Fist included an eyewitness account of this scene.[18]

Episode I: The Phantom Menace

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Coruscant was prominently featured in Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace as the location of the Galactic Republic Senate building and the central Jedi Temple.

Episode II: Attack of the Clones

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There is a speeder chase through the skies of Coruscant in Episode II: Attack of the Clones that eventually leads to a nightclub in the bowels of Coruscant's Uscru Entertainment District. Another area of Coruscant shown is Coco Town (short for "collective commerce"). Coco Town is the site of Dex's Diner in Attack of the Clones. Another notable area of Coruscant is 500 Republica, an area where the elites of the city, such as politicians and diplomats, gather.

Episode III: Revenge of the Sith

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In Episode III: Revenge of the Sith, Coruscant is featured in a space battle (known as the Battle of Coruscant) during the opening scene. Separatist cyborg, General Grievous kidnaps Chancellor Palpatine and uses the Separatist fleet to help assault the capital and cover his escape.

The planet's cityscape is then prominently featured throughout much of the movie with Chancellor Palpatine's office as well as the Senate building being the primary two settings on Coruscant. A theatre in 500 Republica is where Anakin Skywalker and Palpatine watch a ballet; during the show, Palpatine encourages Skywalker to ally with the Dark Side by telling him of the supposed Sith ability of resuscitation.

Map of the Star Wars galaxy; Coruscant's XYZ coordinates are designated 0,0,0 and the grid coordinates are L-9.

After a failed attempt by the Jedi to arrest Palpatine when he divulges his true identity as Darth Sidious to Skywalker, Palpatine appoints himself Emperor of the first Galactic Empire in the Republic Senate Building on Coruscant.

Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2003 and 2008 TV series)

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Coruscant features prominently in both the 2003 traditionally-animated Clone Wars series and the 2008 animated The Clone Wars series, as the headquarters of the Jedi Temple and the Senate.

Rogue One: A Star Wars Story

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In Rogue One, Jyn Erso has a flashback of her young self on Coruscant.

Obi-Wan Kenobi

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In Obi-Wan Kenobi, Coruscant makes its first extensive live-action appearance in the Star Wars saga since the prequel trilogy. Coruscant is prominent in a montage of footage from the Star Wars prequel films, and the Jedi Temple of Coruscant is the setting of several scenes.

Andor

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Coruscant is a prominent setting in the Andor series. All of Mon Mothma's scenes take place on Coruscant as well as the majority of Dedra and Syril's scenes.

Tales of the Jedi

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In Tales of the Jedi, Coruscant appears prominently in three of the six episodes. Count Dooku and Mace Windu attend the funeral of Council Member Katri at the Jedi Temple, Ahsoka Tano is shown extensively training for combat in the same location, and the final lightsaber duel between Master Yaddle and Count Dooku takes place in Darth Sidious' manufacturing-district lair. In one scene, Dooku remarks upon the fact that Coruscant is a planet of "Steel and Stone", lacking much in the way of wild nature; Qui-Gon Jinn, who was born there, had never seen a tree before visiting the Jedi Temple for the first time as a boy.

The Mandalorian

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In the 19th episode of The Mandalorian, Coruscant is featured as a New Republic capital. On Coruscant, we are re-introduced to Dr. Penn Pershing and Elia Kane, a former communications officer on Moff Gideon's cruiser, who are now revealed to be a part of the New Republic Amnesty program. We are also introduced to the Shipyard Depot, a salvage yard where decommissioned Star Destroyers are being dismantled.

Other works

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Coruscant appears as the background of a space battle in Lego Star Wars: The Complete Saga.

In Lego Star Wars: The Skywalker Saga, players can visit Coruscant's Federal and Uscru Districts.

In the prologue of the comic series Dark Empire (1991), set after the original film trilogy, Coruscant is ravaged by battles between warring Imperial factions.

Coruscant appears as the opening level in 2023's Star Wars: Jedi Survivor. Cal Kestis is tasked with tracking down Senator Daho Sejan, the player chasing after the senator's yacht until catching up with it.[19]

Coruscant is seen in the X-Wing series of computer games.

Concept art by Ralph McQuarrie served as the basis for the pyramidal Imperial Palace, depicted in The Illustrated Star Wars Universe (1995) by Kevin J. Anderson, which claims it is "the largest structure on Coruscant, perhaps on any planet".[20] According to the Star Wars Encyclopedia (1998), it is located next to the Senate building.[21] Although this version of the Imperial Palace appears in a variety of Expanded Universe works, in canon, the Imperial Palace is located at the site of the former Jedi Temple, where Palpatine resides.[22]

In The New Jedi Order series (1999–2003), Coruscant is the capital world of the New Republic until, in The New Jedi Order: Star by Star, the extragalactic Yuuzhan Vong overwhelm the New Republic defenses in three attack waves led by Warmaster Tsavong Lah who takes over the planet, destroying the New Republic and creating the theocratic Yuuzhan Vong Empire. After surrendering, the Yuuzhan Vong agreed to help the Alliance rebuild Coruscant. The new Coruscant is a combination of technology and organic life representing the peace between the Galactic Federation of Free Alliances (Galactic Alliance) and the Yuuzhan Vong.

James Luceno's novel Labyrinth of Evil (2005) introduces a deserted manufacturing area known as 'The Works' as the meeting place for Sith Lords Darth Sidious (Palpatine) and Darth Tyranus.

With the 2012 acquisition of Lucasfilm by The Walt Disney Company, most of the licensed Star Wars novels and comics produced since the originating 1977 film Star Wars were re-branded as Star Wars Legends and declared non-canon to the franchise in April 2014.[23][24][25]

Notable metropolitan areas

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Senate District

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The Senate District (also sometimes referred to as the Federal District) is located on the planet's equator, and is known to contain numerous notable sites such as the Ambassadorial Sector (canonically home to 500 Republica and the Senate Apartment Complex), Embassy Mall, the Coruscant Opera House, the Galactic Museum, the Heorem Complex (where the Heorem Skytunnel is located), Judicial Plaza (home to the Glitanni Esplanade and the Judicial Arcology), the Legislative Borough, Senate Plaza, the Avenue Of The Core Founders, the Republic Executive Building, the Galactic Senate Building, Hospital Plaza, the Galactic Senate, the Palace District (home to the Imperial Palace and Senate Hill), Quadrant A-89 (home to the CSF HQ), the Fellowship Plaza, the Galactic Justice Center and the Temple Precinct (home to the Jedi Temple), Sector H-52, Sector I-33, the Uscru Boulevard, Westport and Xizor's Palace.

The Senate District is depicted as the de facto capital of Coruscant, the Old Republic, the Galactic Empire, the New Republic, the Galactic Federation Of Free Alliances, and the One Sith. It is shown bordering the Financial District and the Sah'c District and is also adjacent to The Works (an industrial sector on the planet). The Senate District is also referred to as the Legislative District, Government District, and Government Center.

Alien Protection Zone

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The Alien Protection Zone is referenced as a walled ghetto on Coruscant of an unknown location, housing the planet's non-human population. Neighborhoods within the zone are shown representing the cultures of these minority groups. The Alien Protection Zone was constructed in 19 BBY by the Galactic Empire and opened by the New Republic in 6 ABY.

Sah'c Town

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Sah'c Town, also known as Sah'c District or Quadrant H-46, is an area described as situated on the Equator, named after and controlled by the wealthy Sah'c family. It was home to an emergency bunker where the chancellor of the Galactic Republic or New Republic ruled in case of emergencies. The area also contains Sah'c Canyon, which is the exit point of the Senate District's Heorem Skytunnel.

Uscru District

The Uscru District appears in Attack of the Clones, Revenge of the Sith, and Lego Star Wars: The Skywalker Saga. On its upper levels, it hosts the Galaxy's Opera House. The district's lower levels were collectively referred to as the Entertainment District. The Outlander Club, seen in Attack of the Clones and mentioned in Jedi: Fallen Order, is in the Entertainment District.

Theme park attraction

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Coruscant also appears as one of the in–ride "destination planets" in the theme park attraction Star Tours – The Adventures Continue in Disney's Hollywood Studios at Walt Disney World Resort in Orlando, Florida, and Disneyland Park at Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California.

See also

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References

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Footnotes

  1. ^ Before The Phantom Menace was produced, the "sc" had a pronunciation like a "sk" in Star Wars merchandise such as the Thrawn trilogy audiobooks. The rare English word "coruscant" ("glimmering") is pronounced /kəˈrʌskənt/ kə-RUSS-kənt.
  2. ^ BBY: Before the Battle of Yavin depicted in Episode IV: A New Hope
  3. ^ ABY: After the Battle of Yavin depicted in A New Hope

Citations

  1. ^ a b c Carey, C. R. etc. Coruscant and the Core Worlds. Renton, WA: Wizards of the Coast, 2003. P. 7.
  2. ^ a b Bouzereau, Laurent; Duncan, Jody (1999). The Making of Star Wars: The Phantom Menace. Ballantine. p. 13. ISBN 0-345-43111-1.
  3. ^ a b Leonard, Joel (March 30, 2021). "10 best locations for spring break in the Star Wars universe". Dork Side of the Force. Retrieved March 23, 2023.
  4. ^ Holmes, Jonathan. "Why are there so many posh British accents in Star Wars?". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Archived from the original on March 20, 2024. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  5. ^ "'Star Wars': Why do The Empire speak in posh British accents?". faroutmagazine.co.uk. February 15, 2023. Archived from the original on March 20, 2024. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  6. ^ Greicius, Tony (December 15, 2015). "Meanwhile, in a galaxy not so far, far away…". NASA. Retrieved July 10, 2023.
  7. ^ See also Princeton WordNet Archived July 28, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ Rinzler 2008, pp. 351–400.
  9. ^ Hearn 2005, pp. 86–87.
  10. ^ Bouzereau 1998, pp. 67–68.
  11. ^ "An Annotated Guide to The Star Wars Portfolio by Ralph McQuarrie | StarWars.com". StarWars.com. January 14, 2014. Archived from the original on June 24, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
  12. ^ Hearn 2005, p. 99.
  13. ^ Maemura, Emily. "Total Urbanization of a Planet - The Ecumenopolis". tboake. Archived from the original on August 18, 2022. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
  14. ^ Hearn 2005, p. 193.
  15. ^ Lamster, Mark (July 2, 2013). Architecture and Film. Princeton Architectural Press. ISBN 9781568988375. Retrieved April 21, 2017.
  16. ^ "The Cinema Behind Star Wars: Metropolis". StarWars.com. Lucasfilm. August 18, 2014. Archived from the original on June 23, 2017. Retrieved April 21, 2017.
  17. ^ Cotta Vaz, Mark (2002). The Art of Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the clones (1. ed.). New York: Ballantine Publ. Group. ISBN 9780345431257.
  18. ^ Allston, Aaron. X-Wing: Iron Fist (Bantam Books, 1998), ch. 3.
  19. ^ Harvey, Angie (August 6, 2024). "Coruscant - Pursue the Senator's Yacht". ign.com. IGN.
  20. ^ Anderson, Kevin J. (1995). The Illustrated Star Wars universe. New York: Bantam Books. p. 74. ISBN 0-553-09302-9. OCLC 32388635. Archived from the original on May 12, 2022. Retrieved May 23, 2021.
  21. ^ Sansweet, Stephen J. (1998). Star Wars Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Ballantine. p. 58. ISBN 0-345-40227-8. OCLC 36960986.
  22. ^ "Jedi Temple". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2021.
  23. ^ "Disney and Random House announce relaunch of Star Wars Adult Fiction line". StarWars.com. April 25, 2014. Archived from the original on May 14, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
  24. ^ McMilian, Graeme (April 25, 2014). "Lucasfilm Unveils New Plans for Star Wars Expanded Universe". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on August 30, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
  25. ^ "The Legendary Star Wars Expanded Universe Turns a New Page". StarWars.com. April 25, 2014. Archived from the original on September 10, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2016.

Sources

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Further reading

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  • Coruscant in the StarWars.com Databank
  • Coruscant on Wookieepedia, a Star Wars wiki
  • For a description of the word coruscant in French with examples, look at the blog "Le Garde Mot" [3]
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