USS Barracuda (SS-163)

For other ships with the same name, see USS Barracuda.

History
Builder	Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, Maine
Laid down	20 October 1921
Launched	17 July 1924
Commissioned	1 October 1924
Decommissioned	14 May 1937
Commissioned	5 September 1940
Decommissioned	3 March 1945
Stricken	10 March 1945
Fate	Sold for breaking up, 16 November 1945
General characteristics
Class and type	V-1 (Barracuda)-class composite direct-drive diesel and diesel-electric submarine
Displacement	2,119 tons (2,153 t) surfaced 2,506 tons (2,546 t) submerged
Length	341 ft 6 in (104.09 m)
Beam	27 ft 6⅝ in (9.4 m)
Draft	15 ft 2 in (4.62 m)
Propulsion	(as built) 2 × Busch-Sulzer direct-drive 6-cylinder 2-cycle diesel engines, 2,250 hp (1,680 kW) each 2 × BuEng 6-cylinder 4-cycle diesel engines, 1,000 hp (750 kW) each, driving electrical generators (re-engined) 2 x six-cylinder four-cycle Maschinenfabrik Augsburg Nürnberg AG (MAN) diesels, 1000 hp (746 kW) each 2 × 60-cell Exide batteries 2 × Elliott electric motors, 1,200 hp (890 kW) each two shafts
Speed	21 knots (39 km/h) surfaced 9 knots (17 km/h) submerged
Range	6,000 nautical miles (11,000 km) at 11 knots (20 km/h) 11,000 nautical miles (20,000 km) at 11 knots with fuel in main ballast tanks
Endurance	10 hours at 5 knots (9 km/h)
Test depth	200 ft (60 m)
Complement	7 officers, 11 petty officers, 69 enlisted
Armament	6 × 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes  (four forward, two aft, twelve torpedoes) 1 × 5 inch (127 mm)/51 caliber deck gun

USS Barracuda (SF-4/SS-163), lead ship of her class and first of the "V-boats," was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the barracuda (after USS F-2). Her keel was laid down at Portsmouth Navy Yard. She was launched as V-1 on 17 July 1924, sponsored by Mrs. Cornelia Wolcott Snyder, wife of Captain Snyder, and commissioned on 1 October 1924 with Lieutenant Commander S. Picking in command. V-1 and her sisters V-2 and V-3 were the only class of the nine "V-boats" designed to meet the fleet submarine requirement of 21 knots (39 km/h) surface speed for operating with contemporary battleships.

Construction

V-1 had been commissioned for surface running only, to permit an early trial of her engines. She was assigned to Submarine Division 20 and, after cruising along the New England coast, sailed on 14 January 1925 on a surface cruise of the Caribbean Sea, returning in May 1925 for completion. V-1 cruised along the Atlantic coast and in the Caribbean until November 1927.

Operational life

On 8 November 1927 Squadron 20 left Portsmouth, New Hampshire, for San Diego, California, arriving 3 December. Between December 1927 and May 1932 V-1 served with the Squadron on routine operations with the fleet along the west coast, in the Hawaiian Islands, and in the Caribbean. Her name was changed to Barracuda 9 March 1931 (for the scrapped F-2) and her designation to SS-163, 1 July 1931. In May 1932 she went into Rotating Reserve with Submarine Division 15 at Mare Island Naval Shipyard. In January 1933 Barracuda was assigned to Submarine Division 12 and, until late in 1936, operated along the west coast and cruised to Pearl Harbor and the Panama Canal Zone with the fleet. On 28 October 1936 she left San Diego for the Caribbean where she took part in the Gravimetric Survey Expedition. On 8 January 1937 Barracuda sailed from St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, and arrived at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on 14 January, where she remained until placed out of commission 14 May 1937.

Recommissioning

Barracuda was recommissioned at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on 5 September 1940 and assigned to Submarine Division 9. She sailed from Portsmouth 2 March 1941 to Bermuda, returning in June to join Submarine Division 71. She remained in the New England area until sailing from New London, Connecticut, on 17 November 1941 to join the Pacific Fleet. She attended to duty in the Pacific Patrol Area until 15 December 1941 when she rejoined the Atlantic Fleet. Between 15 December 1941 and 7 September 1942 Barracuda was attached to Submarine Division 31 and completed six war patrols in the Pacific Ocean, southwest of Panama, without enemy contacts.

Barracuda returned to Coco Solo, Canal Zone, on 7 September 1942 and, following voyage repairs, she proceeded to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for overhaul. At this time she was converted to a cargo submarine with the removal of her main engines, severely restricting her speed on the auxiliary engines. Following overhaul she was based at New London until February 1945 with Submarine Divisions 13 and 31. She operated on training problems with destroyers, other submarines, and planes in Block Island Sound. Barracuda arrived at Philadelphia Navy Yard on 16 February 1945; was decommissioned 3 March 1945; and sold 16 November 1945.

References

• Schlesman, Bruce and Roberts, Stephen S., "Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775–1990: Major Combatants" (Greenwood Press, 1991), ISBN 0-313-26202-0
• Lenton, H. T. American Submarines (Navies of the Second World War) (Doubleday, 1973), ISBN 0-38504-761-4
• Silverstone, Paul H., U.S. Warships of World War II (Ian Allan, 1965), ISBN 0-87021-773-9
• Campbell, John Naval Weapons of World War Two (Naval Institute Press, 1985), ISBN 0-87021-459-4
• http://www.fleetsubmarine.com/sublist.html
• Gardiner, Robert, Conway's all the world's fighting ships 1922-1946, Conway Maritime Press, 1980. ISBN 0-83170-303-2.
• Friedman, Norman "US Submarines through 1945: An Illustrated Design History", Naval Institute Press, Annapolis:1995, ISBN 1-55750-263-3.
• Navsource.org USS Barracuda page
• Pigboats.com V-boats page
• DiGiulian, Tony Navweaps.com 5"/51 caliber gun
•  This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.