Legality of cannabis by country
Partially or essentially legal
Illegal but decriminalized
Illegal but often unenforced
Illegal
No information
The legality of cannabis for general or recreational use varies from country to country. Possession of cannabis is illegal in most countries as a result of the agreement about Indian hemp, also known as hashish, in the International Opium Convention (1925).[1] However, many countries have decriminalized the possession of small quantities of cannabis; see the list below.
In the United States, medical cannabis is allowed by some state, territorial, Native American reservation, and District of Columbia law, but medical and recreation use is illegal by federal law. While federal law is controlling,[2] the government has chosen not to prosecute users operating in compliance with local medical and recreational marijuana laws.[3][4]
As of 2017, Australia, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Czech Republic, Germany, India, Jamaica, Mexico, the Netherlands, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Uruguay, and some U.S. jurisdictions have the least restrictive cannabis laws, while China, France,[5] Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Norway, the Philippines, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates and Vietnam have the strictest cannabis laws.[6][7]
List of countries
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Production banned by King Zahir Shah in 1973.[8] |
|
Illegal but often unenforced | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Possession is illegal.[12] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized for personal use in small amounts) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Legal for medicinal and scientific purposes. Decriminalised for personal use in the Northern Territory, South Australia and the Australian Capital Territory. |
Illegal | Illegal | Legal for medicinal and scientific purposes. Notes
One or two plants may be privately grown for personal use in the Australian Capital Territory and South Australia. Personal grows of up to two plants are decriminalised in the Northern Territory. | |
|
Possession of up to five grams decriminalized as of January 2016. | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Possession and purchase of up to five grams for personal use is decriminalized and offenders will not be punished, given that they cooperate with the health authority and undergo a therapy.[16] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
In Azerbaijan cannabis is illegal, but possession of small quantities of the drug for personal use is not a criminal offense. However, the law enforcement is required to inform the family of the person about their addiction.[17] |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized up to three grams) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal (decriminalized) one plant) | |
|
Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Cannabis is illegal, but grows prolifically in Bhutan and has multiple traditional uses, such as feeding pigs and producing textiles.[25] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
In 2016 it was announced that the Ministry of Civil Affairs had formed a task force to explore the legalizing of cannabis and cannabinoids for medical purposes.[26] |
|
Illegal (decriminalized) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Bolivia has recently passed laws regarding set personal limit use, but has not completely legalized it.[citation needed] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized for small amounts) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal (decriminalized for small amounts) | Notes Since 2006, the possession of illegal drugs like cannabis (for personal consumption) entails a warning, community service and education on the effects of drug use. The same measures apply to the planting or preparation of small amounts of any illegal drug. Selling and transportation of any illegal drugs, as well as the possession or cultivation of larger amounts is characterized as drug trafficking, a criminal act punished with five to fifteen years in prison and a significant fine.[29] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Cannabis is classified as a class A (High-risk) drug, together with Heroin, Cocaine, Amphetamines and MDMA (ecstasy). Until 2004, a loosely defined "personal dose" existed. |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal (unenforced) | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (legal for medicinal use) | Illegal (regulated by some cities) |
Illegal | Illegal (small amounts of plants tolerated) | Notes
Legal with government issued licence for medical or industrial purposes. On 20 April 2016, Health Minister Jane Philpott announced that new legislation would be introduced in spring 2017 to legalize and regulate cannabis in Canada.[35] See Legislation: "Controlled Drugs and Substances Act"[36] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized) | Illegal (medical use only) | Illegal (medical use only) | Legal[37] | Notes In 2005, Law 20.000 formally decriminalised private and personal cannabis use.[38] Since 2014, Chile allows the cultivation of cannabis for medical purposes with the authorization of The Chilean Agriculture Service (SAG).[39] Cultivation of marijuana, personal or collective, is legal in Chile. The Supreme Court ruled in 2015.[40][41][42] Sale of marijuana-derived medication is allowed on prescription in pharmacies, from December 2015.[43] Currently in 2016, a regulation bill which will allow Chileans to grow small amounts of marijuana for medical, recreational or spiritual use has been approved by the country's lower house of Congress.[44][45] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal[46] | |
|
Legal for up to 22 grams for personal use. No limit for medical or scientific purpose, and if licensed by the "National Anti-narcotics Council" | Legal for medical and scientific use only | Legal for medical and scientific use only | Legal up to twenty plants for personal consumption. No limit for medical or scientific use, and if licensed by the "National Anti-narcotics Council" | Notes
Since 1994, cannabis has been legalized for possession of small amounts up to 22 grams for personal consumption. In 2016, The Supreme Court of Justice stated that someone who is caught with a greater amount than the statutory limit cannot be criminally prosecuted if it is found that the person carries the substance to satisfy their own consumption needs.[47] It is legal to possess up to twenty plants for personal consumption.[48][49][50] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Cannabis was legal during the Comorian historical period between January 1975 and May 1978, when president Ali Soilih legalized cannabis consumption among other measures.[51][52] |
|
Illegal (decriminalized)[53] [54] | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal (decriminalized) | Notes
Some interpret the law to say cannabis is illegal, but there is a high tolerance of smoking marijuana throughout the country.[53] A decriminalization system is de facto implemented, since police officers do not detain people carrying enough for only personal consumption, yet no amount has been defined as a minimum for possession. The usage of cannabis in Costa Rica is very high.[54] |
|
Illegal (decriminalized)[55] (medical use only)[56] | Illegal (medical use only)[56] | Illegal | Illegal | Notes From 2013, the possession of small amount of marijuana and other light drugs is a misdemeanor which leads to a fine of 5000–20000kn ($800–3500) depending on the case in question. In 2015, the Ministry of Health officially legalized the use of cannabis-based drugs for medical purposes for patients with illnesses such as cancer, multiple sclerosis, or AIDS.[57] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal (decriminalized for some farms to grow Hemp) | Notes
Class B substance – life imprisonment is possible for use and maximum eight years for possession (at the maximum two years for the first offence for under 25-year-olds).[58] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (possession of up to 15g decriminalized) | Sale of medical cannabis legal, otherwise sale illegal) | Illegal (up to 15g decriminalized/Medical subject to license legal) | Illegal (cultivation of up to five bushes decriminalized/cultivation for medical purposes subject to license legal) | |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal (Declared legal in Freetown, law poorly enforced by Danish police) | Illegal (Declared legal in Freetown, law poorly enforced by Danish police) | Illegal (Declared legal in Freetown, law poorly enforced by Danish police) | Illegal (Declared legal in Freetown, law poorly enforced by Danish police) | Notes
As with all drugs, cannabis-related offences are punishable by a fine or imprisonment for up to two years[63] Freetown Christiania, a self-declared autonomous region, is known for its cannabis trade. |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Class B drug to cultivate, sell or possess.[64] |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized) up to ten grams | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Although technically illegal, use is widespread and part of every day culture. Convictions for personal use are very rare.[69] Formerly a plant of high status with several documented medicinal uses in ancient times, cannabis was made illegal in 1925 with the League of Nations’ Geneva International Convention on Narcotic Control, and has been aggressively targeted at various points since then.[70] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Up to 7.5 grams is considered an amount for personal use, and is punished with a fine. Large amounts and distribution are criminal offences and punishable with a custodial sentence of up to five years.[71] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Despite being the spiritual homeland of the Rastafari movement, possession of cannabis can result in up to six months imprisonment.[72] |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes Since 2001 personal use cases are generally not prosecuted in court but subject to summary fine. Since 2006, use of medical cannabis has been possible under a special license. In 2014, 223 licenses were issued.[73] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal, but possession for personal use decriminalized | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Legal for medicinal purposes. Recreational consumption is legal on the basis of it being considered self-harm. |
Legal to those with a prescription (or if permission is given by "Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices") |
Legal with prescription (or if permission is given by "Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices") |
Illegal (Legal if permission is given by "Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices") |
Notes The possession of recreational cannabis is illegal, while consumption itself is legal on the basis of it being considered self-harm, which is not considered a crime. The possession of small amounts is prosecuted, but charges are virtually always dropped. By January 2015, 241 patients have obtained permission for medical cannabis products from a pharmacy since 2008.[77] In mid 2016 around 5000 patients received cannabis products.[78] On 4 May 2016 the Cabinet of Germany decided to approve the measure for legal cannabis for seriously ill patients who have consulted with a doctor and "have no therapeutic alternative". German Health Minister, Hermann Gröhe, presented the legal draft on the legalization of medical cannabis to the cabinet, which took effect in early 2017.[79][80][78][81][82][83] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (but the amount of 0.5 grams or 1 pure/2 impure cannabis cigarettes decriminalised in court if made sure to be for personal use) Legal for medicinal purposes[84][85]. |
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Possession or use of even small amounts is illegal in Greece, but if found to be for personal use it's decriminalized in court. Individuals are arrested, although rarely convicted by court. Possession of large quantities may lead to several years in prison.[86] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Possession of 15 grams or over can result in charges of drug trafficking.[89] |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
The possession, sale, transportation and cultivation of cannabis is illegal in Honduras.[90] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
The possession, sale, transportation, cultivation of cannabis is illegal under the Dangerous Drug Ordinance.[91] (Chapter 134 of the Law of Hong Kong) |
|
Illegal | Illegal | illegal | Illegal | Notes
There is no distinction in Hungarian law between illicit drugs according to dangers. Heroin use has the same legal consequences as cannabis use.[92] |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal at the federal level. Legal or tolerated in several states such as Bihar, Odisha, Uttarakhand, West Bengal and the North-Eastern states. Decriminalized in Gujarat. |
Illegal at the federal level. Industrial hemp legal at the state level in Uttarakhand. Legal or tolerated in several states such as Bihar, Odisha, West Bengal and the North-Eastern states. Decriminalized in Gujarat. |
Illegal at the federal level. Legal or tolerated in several states such as Bihar, Gujarat, Odisha, Uttarakhand, West Bengal and the North-Eastern states. |
Illegal at the federal level. Industrial hemp legal at the state level in Uttarakhand. Legal or tolerated in several states such as Bihar, Gujarat, Odisha, West Bengal and the North-Eastern states. |
Notes
Government-owned shops in holy cities like Varanasi and few other north Indian states sell cannabis in the form of bhang. Despite the high prevalent usage, cannabis remains illegal, but is rarely enforced and treated as low priority across India. Large tracts of cannabis grow unchecked in the wild in many parts of northern and southern India.[95] In November 2015, Uttarakhand became the first state of India to legalise the production of industrial hemp.[96] Bhang was removed from the Prohibition Act in Gujarat in February 2017, hence its consumption and sale has been decriminalized in the state.[97] Many states such as Bihar, Odisha, West Bengal and the North-Eastern states have their own laws allowing cannabis, locally known as Ganja. In 2016, a Private Member’s Bill was scheduled to be tabled in the Lok Sabha, which calls for the legalisation and regulation of "non-synthetic" intoxicants, including cannabis and opium.[98] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Banned in 1927.[99] Minimum sentence of four years in prison (additional fines may apply) if caught in possession.[100] However, if the user voluntarily reports himself/herself to the police, or is reported by his/her family, the charges will be dropped in accordance to 2009 Narcotics Act, article 24 paragraph 2, 3, 4. |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal[101] | Illegal[101] | Illegal[101] | Illegal[101] | Notes
The National Drugs Strategy of 2009–2016 did not favour decriminalising cannabis.[102] A new strategy is planned from 2017.[103] Cannabis-derived medicines may be licensed since 2014.[104][105] A review of policy on medicinal cannabis was announced in November 2016,[106] and a private member's bill to legalise it passed second stage in the Dáil in December 2016.[107][108][109] |
|
Legal for medicinal use. | Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) | Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) | Illegal (legal for licensed medicinal providers) | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized, legal for medical and religious usage) | Illegal | IlIegal | Illegal | Notes
Possession of small amounts for personal use is a misdemeanor subject to fines and the suspension of documents (passports or drivers licenses). The sale of cannabis products is illegal and punishable by imprisonment; cultivation is likewise punishable by imprisonment, even if in small amounts and for exclusive personal use. Licensed cultivation for medical and industrial use is strictly regulated.[112] |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal (decriminalized), Legal if Rastafarian | Illegal | Legal if Rastafarian | Legal | Notes
On 25 February 2015, the Jamaican House of Representatives passed a law decriminalizing possession of up to two ounces of cannabis. The new law includes provisions legalizing the cultivation for personal use of up to five plants, as well as setting up regulations for the cultivation and distribution of cannabis for medical, religious purposes and natural growth.[113] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
New York Economist Mwangi Mungai proposed a bill to be reviewed in parliament. Medical Marijuana and minimal possession of Marijuana was petitioned to be decriminalized. Bill proposes marijuana to be considered a taxable cash crop regulated by Ministry of Agriculture/ Ministry of Health. |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Cannabis is illegal in Latvia.[116] Possession of larger quantities can be punished with up to fifteen years in prison. Possession of quantities up to one gram are fined up to 280 euros, for second offences within a year period criminal charges are applied. |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) | Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Malaysian legislation provides for a mandatory death penalty for convicted drug traffickers. Individuals arrested in possession of 15 grams (1/2 ounce) of heroin or 200 grams (seven ounces) of marijuana are presumed by law to be trafficking in drugs.[124] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized up to 3.5g) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal Notes
Cultivation of a cannabis plant for personal use will no longer be punishable by a mandatory prison sentence or suspended sentence specialized doctors will be allowed to prescribe medical cannabis |
|
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Legal for medicinal and scientific purposes. Decriminalized for personal use. |
Illegal | Illegal | Legal for medicinal and scientific purposes. Decriminalized for personal use. |
Notes
On 21 August 2009 Mexico decriminalized "personal use" possession of up to five grams of Cannabis.[129] In November 2015, the Supreme Court ruled that four individuals from the Mexican Society for Responsible and Tolerant Personal Use would be permitted to grow and smoke their own marijuana. The court voted 4-1 that prohibiting people from growing the drug for consumption was unconstitutional as it violated the human right to the free development of one's personality.[130] In December 2016, Mexico's Senate voted to legalise marijuana for medicinal and scientific purposes - this was approved by the Chamber of Deputies in April 2017.[131] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Possession of small quantity and personal use is not a crime in Moldova, but it is an administrative offence according to Article 85 of the Administrative Offences Code, passed in 2008. Selling, cultivation and transport, however, remain illegal and penalized. The illegal purchase or possession of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances in small amounts without the purpose of further distribution, as well as their consumption without a medical prescription, are sanctioned with a fine of up to three conventional units or with community service of up to 40 hours. |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | [132] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Cannabis in Morocco has been illegal since the nation's independence in 1957, reaffirmed by a total ban on drugs in 1974, but is partially tolerated in the country, where it has been cultivated for centuries and is still among the world's top producers of hashish. |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal (unenforced) | |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Cannabis is illegal; in 2007 the government proposed but declined a 20-year jail sentence for any drug possession. |
|
Illegal (Legal during Maha Shivaratri) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Legal in 'coffeeshops', Decriminalized up to five grams (in case of a police control it is still confiscated), and for public use. | Legal for 'coffeeshops' | Illegal (Unenforced for 'coffeeshops', but enforced for growers who distribute to shops) |
Illegal (decriminalized up to five plants; plants are generally still destroyed.) | Notes
Personal possession has been decriminalized since 1976, and cannabis products are only sold openly in certain local "coffeeshops".[134][135][136] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Notes
There are conflicting reports on the legal status of cannabis in North Korea. Multiple reports from defectors and tourists claim there is no law regarding the possession of cannabis (as a result, it is not classified as a drug) in North Korea or if there is, it is mostly unenforced. However, other reports claim that cannabis is illegal.[139] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
A legalization bill failed in 2010.[140] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Up to fifteen grams is considered an amount for personal use, and is punished with a fine in the case of first-time offenders; possessing more is punished more harshly. |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Law 14 of 19 May 2016 regulates the use of controlled substances for medical ends.[142] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized up to ten grams) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized up to eight grams)(Legal for medicinal use) | Legal for medicinal use only | Legal for medicinal use only | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (Provision for medicinal use as per Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002. Pending Government approval) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal (For medicinal and scientific purposes only) | Notes
Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, makes provision for restricted medical use.[151] Congress introduced House Bill No. 4477, known as the Compassionate Use of Medical Cannabis Act, which would legalize the use of medical marijuana.[152] |
|
Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) | Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
On 26 May 2011, Poland introduced legislation that would give prosecutors the option to not prosecute for possession of small quantities of cannabis for personal use, if it is a first offence, or if the person is drug dependent.[153] The legislation raised the maximum possible penalty for placing a large number of drugs from ten to twelve years in prison. However, for possession of large quantities of drugs would result up to ten years in prison (previously up to eight years).[154] |
|
Illegal (decriminalized) | Illegal | Illegal (decriminalized) | Illegal (decriminalized) | Notes
In 2001, Portugal became the first country in the world to decriminalize the use of all drugs.[155] |
|
Illegal (medical use only) | Illegal (medical use only) | Illegal (medical use only) | Illegal (medical use only) | Notes
In 2015 the Governor of Puerto Rico signed a executive order to legalize cannabis for medicinal use only.[156] |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Romania was (before 1990) a leader in hemp fiber, second only to China. Possession of small quantities of drug preparations is punishable by a large fine for first offenders, six months to two years in prison if the person has been convicted before. Possession of large amounts or trafficking is punishable by two to seven years of jail time.[157] Decriminalization proposed.[158] Medical cannabis legalized in 2013.[159][160] |
|
Illegal (decriminalized), possession of quantities of up to six grams | Illegal | Illegal (decriminalized), transport of quantities of up to six grams | Illegal (decriminalized), cultivation of up to twenty plants[citation needed] | Notes
Possession of under six grams of cannabis or two grams of hashish is an administrative rather than criminal infraction.[161] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Use and possession for personal use of any kind of recreational drugs is punishable by imprisonment if caught. Imprisonment for personal use could go up to six months jail time or more. Dealing and smuggling of high amounts of drugs usually result in harsher prison time or even execution, although recently executions are rare. Foreigners who use drugs might be deported.[162] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal [163] | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Possession is punishable by a fine or by imprisonment of up to three years. Sale and transport are punishable by imprisonment from three to twelve years. Cultivation is punishable by imprisonment from six months to five years. Higher penalties for organized crime.[164] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Cannabis banned in 1920.[165] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Possession or use of small amounts of Cannabis (or only one joint) is punishable by up to eight years in prison.[169][170] In April 2012, The Wall Street Journal reported that Robert Fico, the incoming Slovak prime minister, might push for partial legalisation of cannabis possession, and has argued for the legalisation of possession of up to three doses of cannabis for personal use.[170] |
|
Illegal (decriminalized) | Illegal | Illegal | Legal for quantities with ≤ 0.2 % THC on a ≤ 0.1 ha surface, or ≥ 0.1 ha surface with a governmental permit for cannabis cultivation.[171] | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Legal | Illegal | Illegal | Legal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Cannabis banned under the Cannabis Control Act of 1976.[178] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Legal (Private areas only, illegal in public areas (decriminalized), offenders receive an administrative fine.) Possession of more than 70/100gr. (depending on the autonomous community) is considered as possession with the intention of trafficking.[179] | Technically illegal, but Cannabis can be acquired in private smoker/cannabis clubs.[180] Selling by itself is punished by prison in all the ways, even for first offenders. | Illegal (decriminalized) | Legal (Only for own consumption. If the plants are located somewhere visible from the street/public place, it's an administrative offense[181]) | Notes
Sale and importation of any quantity of cannabis is a criminal offence, punishable by jail time. The purchase, possession and consumption of cannabis in a public place constitutes a misdemeanour and punishable by a fine and confiscation of the product. Consumption and cultivation by adults in a private space is legal, the latter due to a legal vacuum. Cannabis plants that are located somewhere visible from the street/public place (ie. from balconies) are considered a serious administrative offense, which leads to a fine from 601 to 30.000€.[182][183] About 500 private "cannabis clubs" exist in Spain, 200 of them in Barcelona, and Spain is spoken of as the "new Amsterdam," a destination for marijuana tourists.[180] All actions related to cannabis apart from sale or trade aren't considered criminal offenses,[184] and normally are misdemeanors punishable by a fine.[185] In June 2017, Catalonia legalised cannabis after the government voted by 118 to 9 to regulate the local cannabis clubs; the cultivation, consumption and distribution of cannabis is now legal for those who are members of designated clubs.[186] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal.[188] Banned in 1924 during the Condominium Period.[189][190] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Cannabis was banned in Suriname in the early 20th century, having been popularized there by Asian immigrants.[191] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
It is illegal to sell, transfer, purchase, use or possess any quantity of cannabis in Sweden. Social stigmatisation through social rejection and exclusion from the labourmarket and social services are the most common sanctions in matters regarding personal use. The national police runs a "disturb and annoy" program aimed at users supported by the national "zero tolerance" policy. .[192][193] |
|
Illegal (decriminalized) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Since 2012, possession of ten grams or less is decriminalized to a fine.[194] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Under the policies of the government of Bashar al-Assad, many cannabis offences, from simple use to trafficking, reportedly often carried a sentence of life imprisonment. As the country has become destabilised as a result of civil war, people living in areas controlled by Kurdish separatists have begun growing cannabis as a way of making money to fight poverty.[195] |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Cannabis is a schedule 2 narcotic in the ROC, and possession can result in up to three years imprisonment.[196] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (Poorly enforced) | Illegal (Poorly enforced) | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Criminalized in 1935.[197] According to the Thailand Narcotics Act, B.E. 2522 (1979), possession, cultivation, and transport (import/export) of up to 10 kg cannabis may result in a maximum sentence of five years in prison or a fine.[198]
|
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Banned in 1925.[199] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (medical use only) | Illegal | Illegal | Legal for medicinal and scientific purposes.[204] | Notes
The cultivation of marijuana is legal in nineteen provinces in Turkey for medicincal and scientific purposes. However, with permission this can also be conducted in other provinces too.[205] Consuming any drug (personal use or not) is illegal and requires juridical process. Possessing, purchasing or receiving any illegal drug, including Cannabis, is punishable by one to two years in prison; there is also the option of treatment or probation for up to three years. If users refuse treatment or do not comply with probation requirements, the courts can decide on sentencing.[206] Sale and supply is punishable by a prison term of five to ten years, and production or trafficking by a minimum term of ten years.[206] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal (decriminalized possession of quantities of up to five grams) | Illegal | Illegal (decriminalized possession of quantities of up to five grams) | Illegal (decriminalized up to ten plants) | [207] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes |
|
Illegal at the federal level (but legal at the state level in Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon and Washington[212] and in Washington, D.C.; decriminalized in eighteen states, medicinal legal in 25 states and Guam. All Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis laws; laws vary by reservation.) | Illegal at the federal level (but legal at the state level with a state issued license in Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon and Washington. Legal medicinal sales in several additional states.[213] All Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis laws; laws vary by reservation.) | Illegal at the federal level (but legal at the state level within the states of Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon and Washington. Legal for medicinal patients in several additional states. All Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis laws; laws vary by reservation.) | Illegal at the federal level (but legal at the state level for individuals/commercial in Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada and Oregon, individual but not commercial in Washington, D.C., and only commercially in Washington. Medicinal growing is legal in several states as well. All Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis laws; laws vary by reservation.) |
Notes
Laws vary by state, Territory, Indian Reservation, and Washington, DC. Federal law classifies cannabis as a Schedule I substance, the same classification as heroin. The United States Supreme Court has ruled in Gonzales v. Raich that the federal government has the power to regulate and criminalize cannabis, even for medical purposes. The Department of Justice recently allowed recognized Indian reservations to regulate marijuana within their reservation.[214] However, despite the Department of Justice stating that federally recognized Indian reservations have the right to regulate cannabis on their land, the Department of Justice's agency, the Drug Enforcement Administration has been raiding and destroying cannabis crops on several reservations creating a double standard among U.S. enforcement agencies.[215] |
|
Legal | Legal (but buying prohibited for foreigners) |
Legal | Legal (up to six plants) |
Notes
José Mujica has fully legalized any use of Cannabis in Uruguay; law does not specify quantity for "personal amount".[216] As of 10 December 2013, the House of Representatives and Senate passed a bill legalizing and regulating the production and sale of the drug. The new law says that buyers must be eighteen or older, residents of Uruguay, and must register with the authorities. Authorities will grow the cannabis that can be sold legally.[217][218][219] |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
Opiates, cannabis and other plants containing psychotropic substances are illegal.[220] |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
As of 15 September 2010 possession of up to 20 grams of Marijuana or 5 grams of genetically modified Marijuana, if proven not to be for medical or personal consumption, is punishable by one to two years in prison at judge's discretion. If deemed to be for personal consumption, the user is subject to security measures involving rehabilitation and detoxification procedures. Articulos 131 y 153 de la Ley Organica de Drogas.[221] |
|
Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal (unenforced) | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal[222] but openly sold in restaurants and bars.[223] |
|
Illegal (decriminalized), possession of quantities of up to an ounce | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Notes
In 2014 the governor of the U.S. Virgin Islands approved a bill that decriminalized possession of marijuana up to an ounce.[224] |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | |
|
Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | Illegal | [225][226] |
| Country/Territory | Possession | Sale | Transport | Cultivation | Notes |
See also
External links
- Smokebits.com, Where is marijuana legal (US edition)? : Detailed article and map.
- Smokebits.com, Where is marijuana legal (global edition)? : Detailed article and map.
- CannabisLegality.com, live dynamic map
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