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Dialogue Between a Priest and a Dying Man

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Dialogue Between a Priest and a Dying Man (original French: Dialogue entre un prêtre et un moribond) is a dialogue written by the Marquis de Sade while incarcerated at the Château de Vincennes in 1782. It is one of the earliest known written works from de Sade to be dated with certainty, and was first published in 1926 together with an edition of Historiettes, Contes et Fabliaux (written originally in 1788). It was subsequently published in English in 1927 by Pascal Covici in a limited, hand-numbered edition of 650 copies.

Plot

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The work expresses the author's atheism by having a dying man (a libertine) tell a priest about what he views as the mistakes of a pious life.

According to John Phillips, Emeritus Professor of French Literature and Culture at London Metropolitan University:

Of all the direct expressions of atheism in Sade's work, the Dialogue... is probably the most incisive and, at the same time, the most artistically satisfying... The influence of Sade's Jesuit training in rhetorical debate is the mainspring of this brilliant dramatic essay, which, as the title suggests, is not so much theatre as philosophical dialogue. But what makes the work charming as well as persuasive is the impish humour that lies behind its characters and situation.[1]

However, Steven Barbone, of San Diego State University notes that:

We can postulate one of two things: Sade was entirely pleased with this manuscript and saw no reason to make any changes to it or Sade completely gave up on the dialogue and had decided to abandon it. The reason for either of these hypotheses is that the manuscript itself contains almost no trace of Sade's editing. It is up to the reader to divine whether the "Dialogue between the Priest and a Dying Man" is Sade's position or not. Either way, it is worth reading even in the very unlikely event that it presents a position Sade would have repudiated. (This may be the case: near the beginning of October 1788, Sade himself made a catalogue of his works, and the "Dialogue" is omitted.)[2]: 343 

Publication history

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Sade completed the notebook which contains the Dialogue on 12 July 1782, while imprisoned at Château de Vincennes.[3] He took the manuscript with him when he was transferred to the Bastille in 1784.[2]: 343 

Following the Storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789, Sade's prison writings disappeared (Sade had been moved to Charenton on 4 July), the manuscript of the Dialogue among them. However, it survived in private collections and was sold on at auction a number of times during the nineteenth century.[3] On 6 November 1920, it was bought by Maurice Heine at an auction at the Hôtel Drouot, Paris, and he oversaw its publication in France for the first time in 1926[4] in a limited edition of 500 copies for which he wrote an introduction.[3]

The Dialogue has been republished in French several times since the 1950s,[5] including in scholarly editions of the works of Sade edited by Gilbert Lely,[6] Le Brun and Pauvert,[7] and Michel Delon.[8]

English translations

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The first English translation was published in the United States by Pascal Covici in 1927, again in a limited edition of 650 numbered copies.[5] The translator was Samuel Putnam. This edition was based on the first French edition and included a translation of Heine's introduction.[9]

In 1929, Haldeman-Julius published the Putnam translation as Little Blue Book #1405, under the title Dialogue between a priest and a dying atheist.[10] A version of this edition (with a short extract from Heine's introduction) was republished in 1997 by Chaz Bufe's See Sharp Press.[11]

Further original English translations have been produced by Leonard de Saint-Yves (1953 [12]), Paul Dinnage (1953,[13] incomplete), Richard Seaver and Austryn Wainhouse (1965.[3] For more on the Seaver/Wainhouse translations of de Sade, see Wyngaard (2013) [14]), Paul J. Gillett (1966 [15]), Nicolas Walter (1982,[16] reprinted 2001[17]), Margaret Crosland (1991 [18]), David Coward (1992 [19]) and Steven Barbone (2000[2]).

Legacy

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The dialogue inspired a similar scene in Luis Buñuel's film Nazarín (1959), wherein a dying woman wards off a priest while on her deathbed. Buñuel had previously adapted The 120 Days of Sodom into a scene in his earlier L'Age d'Or (1930) and would go on to feature the Marquis himself as a character in La Voie Lactée (1969).

In 2023, Mexican film director Mauricio De la Maza-Benignos produced and directed the multi-award-winning film Dialogues of Death, a modern adaptation of Sade's Dialogue which is closely bound to the original text. The film, a tribute to German expressionist cinema,[20] explores "the moral, religious, as well as other philosophical conundra that come across the minds of those who have self-questioned their beliefs and faiths". In the plot, Andrew, a rural priest, visits Alphonse, his libertine dying friend, to convince him to repent of his sinful life. Unlike the original text, in this adaptation, as the two characters debate, sip wine, and ponder on the matter, Malena, Alphonse's imminent widow, plots her predatory revenge.[21][22]

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References

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  1. ^ Phillips, John (2005). The Marquis de Sade: a very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.37–38. ISBN 0-19-280469-3.
  2. ^ a b c de Sade, Donatien-Alphonse-François. Dialogue between a priest and a dying man. English version and introduction by Steven Barbone. Philosophy and Theology, Vol. 12 (2), 2000. doi:10.5840/philtheol200012221
  3. ^ a b c d de Sade, Marquis. Dialogue between a priest and a dying man (1782). in The Complete Justine, Philosophy in the Bedroom, and other writings. Compiled and translated by Richard Seaver and Austryn Wainhouse. New York: Grove Press, 1965. (reprinted several times)
  4. ^ de Sade, Donatien-Alphonse-François, Marquis. Dialogue entre un prêtre et un moribond, par Donatien-Alphonse-François, marquis de Sade, publié, pour la première fois, sur le manuscrit autographe inédit, avec un avant-propos et des notes, par Maurice Heine. Paris, Société générale d'imprimerie et d'édition (71, rue de Rennes; Stendhal et Cie), 1926.
  5. ^ a b Walter, Nicolas. Translator's note. in: de Sade, Marquis. Dialogue between a priest and a dying man. London: G.W. Foote & Co. Ltd., 2001. ISBN 978-1-911578-03-1
  6. ^ de Sade, Donatien-Alphonse-François. Oeuvres complètes. Edited by Gilbert Lely. 16 vols. Paris: Cercle du livre précieux, 1966-67 (the Dialogue is in vol. 14, pp.53-64)
  7. ^ de Sade, Donatien-Alphonse-François. Oeuvres complètes du marquis de Sade. Edited by Annie Le Brun and Jean-Jacques Pauvert. 15 vols. Paris: Pauvert, 1986-91 (the Dialogue is in vol. 1).
  8. ^ de Sade, Donatien-Alphonse-François. Oeuvres. 3 vols. Paris: Gallimard, 1990-1998 (the Dialogue is in vol. 1, 1990, pp.1-11)
  9. ^ de Sade, Marquis. Dialogue between a Priest and a Dying Man. Translated by Samuel Putnam. Chicago: P. Covici, 1927.
  10. ^ de Sade, Marquis. Dialogue between a priest and a dying atheist. Translated by Samuel Putnam. Girard: Haldeman-Julius. Reprint, 1929. Little Blue Book No. 1405.
  11. ^ de Sade, Marquis. Dialogue between a priest and a dying atheist. Reprint. See Sharp Press, 1997.
  12. ^ de Sade, Marquis. Selected writings of de Sade. Translated by Leonard de Saint-Yves. London: Peter Owen, 1953/New York: British Book Centre, 1954. pp.17-29.
  13. ^ de Sade, Marquis. Marquis de Sade: an essay by Simone de Beauvoir, with selections from his writings chosen by Paul Dinnage. Edited by Paul Dinnage. New York: Grove Press, 1953. pp.85-89.
  14. ^ Wyngaard, Amy S. (2013). Translating Sade: the Grove Press Editions, 1953-1968. The Romanic Review, Vol. 104 (3/4), May–November, pp.313-331.
  15. ^ de Sade, Marquis. The Complete Marquis de Sade. Edited and translated by Paul J. Gillett. Los Angeles: Holloway House Pub. Co., 1966. Dialogue is in Vol. 2
  16. ^ de Sade, Marquis. Dialogue between a priest and a dying man. Translated by Nicolas Walter. New Humanist, Vol. 97 (2), Summer, 1982
  17. ^ de Sade, Marquis. Dialogue between a priest and a dying man. Translated by Nicolas Walter. London: G.W. Foote & Co. Ltd., 2001. ISBN 978-1-911578-03-1
  18. ^ de Sade, Marquis. Dialogue entre un prêtre et un moribond. in Crosland, Margaret (ed.) The Passionate Philosopher: a Marquis de Sade reader. London: Peter Owen, 1991. pp.19-30. ISBN 0-7206-0826-0
  19. ^ de Sade, Marquis. The Misfortunes of Virtue and Other Early Tales. Translated with an introduction and notes by David Coward. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992. (the Dialogue is found at pp.149-160). [Also available in Donnachie, Ian and Lavin, Carmen (eds.) (2003). From enlightenment to romanticism: anthology 1. Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBN 0-7190-6671-9. pp.60-69.]
  20. ^ "Dialogues of Death - dir. Mauricio de la Maza Benignos". 17 February 2023.
  21. ^ "Dialogues of Death (2023) - IMDb". IMDb.
  22. ^ "Dialogues of Death - movie: Watch stream online".
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