List of birds of Thailand

The birds of Thailand included 1106 species as of 2024. Of them, 7 have been introduced by humans, and eight have been extirpated.^[1]

The birds of Thailand are mainly typical of the Indomalayan realm, with affinities to the Indian subcontinent to the west, and, particularly in Southern Thailand, with the Sundaic fauna to the southeast. The northern mountains are outliers of the Tibetan Plateau, with many species of montane birds, and in winter the avifauna is augmented by migrants from the eastern Palearctic and Himalayas. That Thailand's habitats are contiguous with those of neighbouring countries explains the low number of endemic species.

In 1991, it was estimated that 159 resident and 23 migratory species were endangered or vulnerable due to forest clearance, illegal logging, hunting and habitat degradation, especially in the lowlands. The species most affected are large water birds whose wetland habitat has been largely lost to agriculture, and forest species, as deforestation for agriculture and logging have removed and degraded portions of the woodlands.^[2]

This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (English and scientific names) are those of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 2022 edition.^[3] The designations as accidental, introduced, and extirpated, and the notes of worldwide population status such as "critically endangered", are from Bird Checklists of the World. The notes of status in Thailand, such as "winter visitor", are from Lekagul and Round (1991). Species with no indicated status are resident or partially resident non-rarities.^[2]^[4]

Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

Order: Anseriformes Family: Anatidae

Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Fulvous whistling-duck	Dendrocygna bicolor	Accidental
Lesser whistling-duck	Dendrocygna javanica
Bar-headed goose	Anser indicus	Very rare winter visitor
Graylag goose	Anser anser	Accidental
Swan goose	Anser cygnoides	Accidental
Greater white-fronted goose	Anser albifrons	Accidental
Lesser white-fronted goose	Anser erythropus	Accidental
Knob-billed duck	Sarkidiornis melanotos	Rare resident
Ruddy shelduck	Tadorna ferruginea	Rare winter visitor
Common shelduck	Tadorna tadorna	Very rare winter visitor
Cotton pygmy-goose	Nettapus coromandelianus
Mandarin duck	Aix galericulata	Accidental
Baikal teal	Sibirionetta formosa	Accidental
Garganey	Spatula querquedula	Winter visitor
Northern shoveler	Spatula clypeata	Winter visitor
Gadwall	Mareca strepera	Very rare winter visitor
Falcated duck	Mareca falcata	Accidental
Eurasian wigeon	Mareca penelope	Winter visitor
Indian spot-billed duck	Anas poecilorhyncha	Rare winter visitor
Eastern spot-billed duck	Anas zonorhyncha	Rare winter visitor
Mallard	Anas platyrhynchos
Northern pintail	Anas acuta	Winter visitor
Green-winged teal	Anas crecca	Winter visitor
White-winged duck	Asarcornis scutulata	Very rare resident, endangered
Red-crested pochard	Netta rufina	Very rare winter visitor
Common pochard	Aythya ferina	Very rare winter visitor
Ferruginous duck	Aythya nyroca	Rare winter visitor
Baer's pochard	Aythya baeri	Rare winter visitor, critically endangered
Tufted duck	Aythya fuligula	Rare winter visitor
Greater scaup	Aythya marila	Accidental
Long-tailed duck	Clangula hyemalis	Accidental
Red-breasted merganser	Mergus serrator	Accidental
Scaly-sided merganser	Mergus squamatus	Accidental, endangered

Pheasants, grouse, and allies

Order: Galliformes Family: Phasianidae

The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists of quails, partridges, snowcocks, francolins, spurfowls, tragopans, monals, pheasants, peafowls, and jungle fowls. In general, they are plump (although they vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Ferruginous partridge	Caloperdix oculeus
Crested partridge	Rollulus rouloul
Rufous-throated partridge	Arborophila rufogularis
Chestnut-headed partridge	Arborophila cambodiana
Bar-backed partridge	Arborophila brunneopectus
Malayan partridge	Arborophila campbelli
Long-billed partridge	Rhizothera longirostris
Hume's pheasant	Syrmaticus humiae	Rare
Kalij pheasant	Lophura leucomelanos
Silver pheasant	Lophura nycthemera
Siamese fireback	Lophura diardi
Malayan crested fireback	Lophura rufa	Rare
Great argus	Argusianus argus
Green peafowl	Pavo muticus	Endangered
Scaly-breasted partridge	Tropicoperdix chloropus
Chestnut-necklaced partridge	Tropicoperdix charltonii
Malayan peacock-pheasant	Polyplectron malacense
Gray peacock-pheasant	Polyplectron bicalcaratum
Mountain peacock-pheasant	Polyplectron inopinatum	Accidental
Mountain bamboo-partridge	Bambusicola fytchii
Red junglefowl	Gallus gallus
Chinese francolin	Francolinus pintadeanus
Blue-breasted quail	Synoicus chinesis
Common quail	Coturnix coturnix
Japanese quail	Coturnix japonica	Very rare winter visitor
Rain quail	Coturnix coromandelica

Flamingos

Order: Phoenicopteriformes Family: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 m) tall, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Greater flamingo	Phoenicopterus roseus	Accidental

Grebes

Order: Podicipediformes Family: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. Their feet are placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

Name	Binomial	Status
Little grebe	Tachybaptus ruficollis
Horned grebe	Podiceps auritus	Accidental
Great crested grebe	Podiceps cristatus	Very rare winter visitor
Eared grebe	Podiceps nigricollis	Accidental

Pigeons and doves

Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Rock pigeon	Columba livia	Due to hybridisation with feral pigeons, few if any pure-bred birds remain in Thailand^[4]
Speckled wood-pigeon	Columba hodgsonii
Ashy wood-pigeon	Columba pulchricollis
Pale-capped pigeon	Columba punicea	Rare, uncertain status
Oriental turtle-dove	Streptopelia orientalis
Red collared-dove	Streptopelia tranquebarica
Spotted dove	Streptopelia chinensis
Barred cuckoo-dove	Macropygia unchall
Little cuckoo-dove	Macropygia ruficeps
Asian emerald dove	Chalcophaps indica
Zebra dove	Geopelia striata	Native in south, introduced to central Thailand^[5]
Nicobar pigeon	Caloenas nicobarica	Rare
Little green-pigeon	Treron olax	Rare
Pink-necked green-pigeon	Treron vernans
Cinnamon-headed green-pigeon	Treron fulvicollis
Orange-breasted green-pigeon	Treron bicinctus
Ashy-headed green-pigeon	Treron phayrei
Thick-billed green-pigeon	Treron curvirostra
Large green-pigeon	Treron capellei	Rare
Yellow-footed green-pigeon	Treron phoenicopterus
Yellow-vented green-pigeon	Treron seimundi	Very rare
Pin-tailed green-pigeon	Treron apicauda
Wedge-tailed green-pigeon	Treron sphenurus
White-bellied green-pigeon	Treron sieboldii	Very rare
Jambu fruit-dove	Ptilinopus jambu
Green imperial-pigeon	Ducula aenea
Mountain imperial-pigeon	Ducula badia
Pied imperial-pigeon	Ducula bicolor

Cuckoos

Order: Cuculiformes Family: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails, and strong legs. Many Old World cuckoo species are brood parasites.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Coral-billed ground-cuckoo	Carpococcyx renauldi
Short-toed coucal	Centropus rectunguis	Accidental
Greater coucal	Centropus sinensis
Lesser coucal	Centropus bengalensis
Raffles's malkoha	Rhinortha chlorophaea
Red-billed malkoha	Zanclostomus javanicus
Chestnut-breasted malkoha	Phaenicophaeus curvirostris
Chestnut-bellied malkoha	Phaenicophaeus sumatranus
Black-bellied malkoha	Phaenicophaeus diardi
Green-billed malkoha	Phaenicophaeus tristis
Chestnut-winged cuckoo	Clamator coromandus	Summer visitor and on passage
Pied cuckoo	Clamator jacobinus
Asian koel	Eudynamys scolopaceus
Asian emerald cuckoo	Chrysococcyx maculatus	Resident and winter visitor
Violet cuckoo	Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus
Little bronze-cuckoo	Chrysococcyx minutillus
Banded bay cuckoo	Cacomantis sonneratii
Plaintive cuckoo	Cacomantis merulinus
Brush cuckoo	Cacomantis variolosus
Fork-tailed drongo-cuckoo	Surniculus dicruroides
Square-tailed drongo-cuckoo	Surniculus lugubris
Moustached hawk-cuckoo	Hierococcyx vagans
Large hawk-cuckoo	Hierococcyx sparverioides
Dark hawk-cuckoo	Hierococcyx bocki
Common hawk-cuckoo	Hierococcyx varius	Accidental
Northern hawk-cuckoo	Hierococcyx hyperythrus	Accidental
Hodgson's hawk-cuckoo	Hierococcyx nisicolor
Malaysian hawk-cuckoo	Hierococcyx fugax
Lesser cuckoo	Cuculus poliocephalus	Very rare
Indian cuckoo	Cuculus micropterus
Himalayan cuckoo	Cuculus saturatus
Sunda cuckoo	Cuculus lepidus
Common cuckoo	Cuculus canorus
Oriental cuckoo	Cuculus optatus	Accidental

Frogmouths

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Podargidae

The frogmouths are a group of nocturnal birds related to the nightjars. They are named for their large flattened hooked bill and huge frog-like gape, which they use to take insects.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Large frogmouth	Batrachostomus auritus	Very rare
Gould's frogmouth	Batrachostomus stellatus	Rare
Hodgson's frogmouth	Batrachostomus hodgsoni
Blyth's frogmouth	Batrachostomus affinis

Nightjars and allies

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized ground-nesting nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs, and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Malaysian eared-nightjar	Lyncornis temminckii
Great eared-nightjar	Lyncornis macrotis
Gray nightjar	Caprimulgus jotaka	Winter visitor, breeds in mountains
Large-tailed nightjar	Caprimulgus macrurus
Indian nightjar	Caprimulgus asiaticus
Savanna nightjar	Caprimulgus affinis

Swifts

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Apodidae

Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Silver-rumped needletail	Rhaphidura leucopygialis
White-throated needletail	Hirundapus caudacutus	Rare migrant
Silver-backed needletail	Hirundapus cochinchinensis	Uncertain status
Brown-backed needletail	Hirundapus giganteus
Plume-toed swiftlet	Collocalia affinis	Rare
Himalayan swiftlet	Aerodramus brevirostris	Breeds in highlands, winter visitor elsewhere
Black-nest swiftlet	Aerodramus maximus
White-nest swiftlet	Aerodramus fuciphagus
Germain's swiftlet	Aerodramus germani
Common swift	Apus apus	Accidental
Pacific swift	Apus pacificus	Winter visitor, some breed
Cook's swift	Apus cooki
Dark-rumped swift	Apus acuticauda	Very rare winter visitor
House swift	Apus nipalensis
Asian palm-swift	Cypsiurus balasiensis

Treeswifts

Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Hemiprocnidae

The treeswifts, also called crested swifts, are closely related to the true swifts. They differ from the true swifts in that they have crests, long forked tails, and soft plumage.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Crested treeswift	Hemiprocne coronata
Gray-rumped treeswift	Hemiprocne longipennis
Whiskered treeswift	Hemiprocne comata

Rails, gallinules, and coots

Order: Gruiformes Family: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and appear to be weak fliers.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Brown-cheeked rail	Rallus indicus	Winter visitor
Slaty-breasted rail	Lewinia striata
Spotted crake	Porzana porzana	Very rare winter visitor
Eurasian moorhen	Gallinula chloropus
Eurasian coot	Fulica atra	Winter visitor
Gray-headed swamphen	Porphyrio poliocephalus
Watercock	Gallicrex cinerea	Summer visitor and resident
White-breasted waterhen	Amaurornis phoenicurus
White-browed crake	Poliolimnas cinereus
Red-legged crake	Rallina fasciata
Slaty-legged crake	Rallina eurizonoides	Rare, mainly winter visitor
Ruddy-breasted crake	Zapornia fusca
Band-bellied crake	Zapornia paykullii	Accidental
Baillon's crake	Zapornia pusilla	Winter visitor
Black-tailed crake	Zapornia bicolor	Rare

Finfoots

Order: Gruiformes Family: Heliornithidae

Heliornithidae is small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Masked finfoot	Heliopais personatus	Winter visitor and passage migrant, endangered

Cranes

Order: Gruiformes Family: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged, and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

Common name	Binomial	Status
Demoiselle crane	Anthropoides virgo	Accidental
Sarus crane	Antigone antigone	Extirpated; reintroduced in 2011^[6]
Common crane	Grus grus

Thick-knees

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes, and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Indian thick-knee	Burhinus indicus
Great thick-knee	Esacus recurvirostris
Beach thick-knee	Esacus magnirostris	Rare and local

Stilts and avocets

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black-winged stilt	Himantopus himantopus	Resident and winter visitor
Pied avocet	Recurvirostra avosetta	Accidental

Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Eurasian oystercatcher	Haematopus ostralegus	Accidental

Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short thick necks, and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black-bellied plover	Pluvialis squatarola	Winter visitor
Pacific golden-plover	Pluvialis fulva	Winter visitor
Northern lapwing	Vanellus vanellus	Rare winter visitor
River lapwing	Vanellus duvaucelii
Gray-headed lapwing	Vanellus cinereus	Winter visitor
Red-wattled lapwing	Vanellus indicus
Lesser sand-plover	Charadrius mongolus	Winter visitor
Greater sand-plover	Charadrius leschenaultii	Winter visitor
Malaysian plover	Charadrius peronii
Kentish plover	Charadrius alexandrinus	Winter visitor
White-faced plover	Charadrius dealbatus	Winter visitor
Common ringed plover	Charadrius hiaticula	Accidental
Long-billed plover	Charadrius placidus	Rare winter visitor
Little ringed plover	Charadrius dubius	Winter visitor
Oriental plover	Charadrius veredus

Painted-snipes

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Rostratulidae

Painted-snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Greater painted-snipe	Rostratula benghalensis

Jacanas

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Jacanidae

The jacanas are a group of waders found throughout the tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Pheasant-tailed jacana	Hydrophasianus chirurgus	Winter visitor and resident
Bronze-winged jacana	Metopidius indicus

Sandpipers and allies

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Scolopacidae

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers, and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Whimbrel	Numenius phaeopus	Winter visitor
Little curlew	Numenius minutus	Very rare passage migrant
Far Eastern curlew	Numenius madagascariensis	Rare passage migrant, endangered
Eurasian curlew	Numenius arquata	Winter visitor
Bar-tailed godwit	Limosa lapponica	Winter visitor
Black-tailed godwit	Limosa limosa	Winter visitor
Ruddy turnstone	Arenaria interpres	Winter visitor
Great knot	Calidris tenuirostris	Mainly passage migrant, endangered
Red knot	Calidris canutus	Winter visitor
Ruff	Calidris pugnax	Winter and passage visitor
Broad-billed sandpiper	Calidris falcinellus	Winter visitor
Sharp-tailed sandpiper	Calidris acuminata	Very rare winter visitor
Curlew sandpiper	Calidris ferruginea	Winter visitor
Temminck's stint	Calidris temminckii	Winter visitor
Long-toed stint	Calidris subminuta	Winter visitor
Spoon-billed sandpiper	Calidris pygmaea	Rare on passage and in winter, critically endangered^[7]
Red-necked stint	Calidris ruficollis	Common winter visitor
Sanderling	Calidris alba	Winter visitor
Dunlin	Calidris alpina	Rare winter visitor
Little stint	Calidris minuta	Rare in winter
Pectoral sandpiper	Calidris melanotos	Accidental
Asian dowitcher	Limnodromus semipalmatus	Rare on passage
Long-billed dowitcher	Limnodromus scolopaceus	Accidental
Jack snipe	Lymnocryptes minimus	Rare winter visitor
Eurasian woodcock	Scolopax rusticola	Winter visitor
Wood snipe	Gallinago nemoricola	Very rare winter visitor
Common snipe	Gallinago gallinago	Winter visitor
Pin-tailed snipe	Gallinago stenura	Winter visitor
Swinhoe's snipe	Gallinago megala	Very rare winter visitor
Terek sandpiper	Xenus cinereus	Winter visitor
Red-necked phalarope	Phalaropus lobatus	Rare in winter or on passage
Red phalarope	Phalaropus fulicarius	Rare in winter or on passage
Common sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos	Winter visitor
Green sandpiper	Tringa ochropus	Winter visitor
Gray-tailed tattler	Tringa brevipes	Rare on passage
Spotted redshank	Tringa erythropus	Winter visitor
Common greenshank	Tringa nebularia	Winter visitor
Nordmann's greenshank	Tringa guttifer	Rare winter visitor, endangered
Marsh sandpiper	Tringa stagnatilis	Winter visitor
Wood sandpiper	Tringa glareola	Winter visitor
Common redshank	Tringa totanus	Winter visitor

Buttonquail

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Turnicidae

The buttonquail are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Small buttonquail	Turnix sylvaticus
Yellow-legged buttonquail	Turnix tanki
Barred buttonquail	Turnix suscitator

Crab-plover

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Dromadidae

The crab-plover is related to the waders, but is the only member of its family. It resembles a plover but has very long grey legs and a strong black bill similar to that of a tern. It has black-and-white plumage, a long neck, partially webbed feet, and a bill designed for eating crabs.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Crab-plover	Dromas ardeola	Rare but annual in winter

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings, and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings, and long, pointed bills which curve downwards.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Collared pratincole	Glareola pratincola	Accidental
Oriental pratincole	Glareola maldivarum	Summer visitor
Small pratincole	Glareola lactea	Resident and winter visitor

Skuas and jaegers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Pomarine jaeger	Stercorarius pomarinus	Winter visitor
Parasitic jaeger	Stercorarius parasiticus	Rare winter visitor
Long-tailed jaeger	Stercorarius longicaudus

Auks, murres, and puffins

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Alcidae

Alcids are superficially similar to penguins due to their black-and-white colours, their upright posture and some of their habits, however they are not related to the penguins and differ in being able to fly. Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to nest.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Ancient murrelet	Synthliboramphus antiquus	Accidental

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes Family: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds, the gulls, terns, and skimmers. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years. Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black-legged kittiwake	Rissa tridactyla	Accidental
Sabine's gull	Xema sabini	Accidental
Slender-billed gull	Chroicocephalus genei	Very rare winter visitor
Black-headed gull	Chroicocephalus ridibundus	Winter visitor
Brown-headed gull	Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus	Rare winter visitor
Little gull	Hydrocoloeus minutus	Accidental
Sooty gull	Ichthyaetus hemprichii	Accidental
Pallas's gull	Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus	Very rare winter visitor
Black-tailed gull	Larus crassirostris	Very rare winter visitor
Common gull	Larus canus
Herring gull	Larus argentatus
Caspian gull	Larus cachinnans	Accidental
Lesser black-backed gull	Larus fuscus	Accidental
Slaty-backed gull	Larus schistisagus	Accidental
Brown noddy	Anous stolidus
Sooty tern	Onychoprion fuscatus
Bridled tern	Onychoprion anaethetus
Aleutian tern	Onychoprion aleuticus	Accidental
Little tern	Sternula albifrons
Gull-billed tern	Gelochelidon nilotica	Winter visitor
Caspian tern	Hydroprogne caspia	Winter visitor
White-winged tern	Chlidonias leucopterus	Winter visitor
Whiskered tern	Chlidonias hybrida
Roseate tern	Sterna dougallii
Black-naped tern	Sterna sumatrana
Common tern	Sterna hirundo	Winter visitor
Arctic tern	Sterna paradisaea	Accidental
Black-bellied tern	Sterna acuticauda	Extirpated
River tern	Sterna aurantia
Great crested tern	Thalasseus bergii
Lesser crested tern	Thalasseus bengalensis	Rare winter visitor
Chinese crested tern	Thalasseus bernsteini	Accidental, critically endangered
Indian skimmer	Rynchops albicollis

Tropicbirds

Order: Phaethontiformes Family: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings.

Common name	Binomial	Status
White-tailed tropicbird	Phaethon lepturus	Accidental
Red-billed tropicbird	Phaethon aethereus	Accidental
Red-tailed tropicbird	Phaethon rubricauda	Accidental

Albatrosses

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are among the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses of the genus Diomedea have the largest wingspans of any extant birds.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Laysan albatross	Phoebastria immutabilis	Accidental

Northern storm-petrels

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Hydrobatidae

Storm-petrels are small birds which spend most of their lives at sea, coming ashore only to breed. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering or pattering across the water. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Swinhoe's storm-petrel	Hydrobates monorhis	Accidental

Shearwaters and petrels

Order: Procellariiformes Family: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Northern fulmar	Fulmarus glacialis	Accidental
White-necked petrel	Pterodroma cervicalis	Accidental
Streaked shearwater	Calonectris leucomelas	Very rare winter visitor
Wedge-tailed shearwater	Ardenna pacificus	Accidental
Short-tailed shearwater	Ardenna tenuirostris	Accidental

Storks

Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are virtually mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Asian openbill	Anastomus oscitans
Black stork	Ciconia nigra	Rare winter visitor
Asian woolly-necked stork	Ciconia episcopus
Storm's stork	Ciconia stormi	Endangered
White stork	Ciconia ciconia	Accidental
Oriental stork	Ciconia boyciana	Endangered
Black-necked stork	Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus	Extirpated
Lesser adjutant	Leptoptilos javanicus	Rare
Greater adjutant	Leptoptilos dubius	Extirpated, endangered
Milky stork	Mycteria cinerea	Introduced, endangered
Painted stork	Mycteria leucocephala

Frigatebirds

Order: Suliformes Family: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black-and-white, or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Lesser frigatebird	Fregata ariel	Winter visitor
Christmas Island frigatebird	Fregata andrewsi	Winter visitor, critically endangered
Great frigatebird	Fregata minor	Rare

Boobies and gannets

Order: Suliformes Family: Sulidae

The gannets and boobies are medium to large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Masked booby	Sula dactylatra
Brown booby	Sula leucogaster	Extirpated, formerly bred
Red-footed booby	Sula sula	Accidental

Anhingas

Order: Suliformes Family: Anhingidae

Anhingas or darters are often called "snake-birds" because they have long thin necks, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark-brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have much paler plumage, especially, on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Oriental darter	Anhinga melanogaster	Rare

Cormorants and shags

Order: Suliformes Family: Phalacrocoracidae

The Phalacrocoracidae are a family of medium to large fish-eating birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies; the majority of species have mainly dark plumage, but some are pied black and white, and a few are more colourful.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Little cormorant	Microcarbo niger
Great cormorant	Phalacrocorax carbo
Indian cormorant	Phalacrocorax fuscicollis	Rare winter visitor, formerly bred

Pelicans

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. They have webbed feet with four toes.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Great white pelican	Pelecanus onocrotalus	Vagrant
Spot-billed pelican	Pelecanus philippensis	Rare, probably once bred

Herons, egrets, and bitterns

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons, and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises, and spoonbills, members of this family fly with their necks retracted.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Great bittern	Botaurus stellaris	Winter visitor
Yellow bittern	Ixobrychus sinensis
Schrenck's bittern	Ixobrychus eurhythmus	Passage migrant
Cinnamon bittern	Ixobrychus cinnamomeus
Black bittern	Ixobrychus flavicollis
Gray heron	Ardea cinerea	Winter visitor, formerly bred
Great-billed heron	Ardea sumatrana	Now very rare
Purple heron	Ardea purpurea	Winter visitor
Great egret	Ardea alba
Intermediate egret	Ardea intermedia	Winter visitor
Chinese egret	Egretta eulophotes	Very rare winter visitor
Little egret	Egretta garzetta
Pacific reef-heron	Egretta sacra
Cattle egret	Bubulcus ibis
Indian pond-heron	Ardeola grayii
Chinese pond-heron	Ardeola bacchus	Winter visitor
Javan pond-heron	Ardeola speciosa
Striated heron	Butorides striata
Black-crowned night-heron	Nycticorax nycticorax
Malayan night-heron	Gorsachius melanolophus

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Threskiornithidae

Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which comprises the ibises and spoonbills. Its members have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary flight feathers. They are strong fliers and, despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Glossy ibis	Plegadis falcinellus
African sacred ibis	Threskiornis aethiopicus	Introduced species
Black-headed ibis	Threskiornis melanocephalus
White-shouldered ibis	Pseudibis davisoni	Extirpated, critically endangered
Giant ibis	Pseudibis gigantea	Extirpated, critically endangered
Eurasian spoonbill	Platalea leucorodia	Very rare winter visitor
Black-faced spoonbill	Platalea minor	Very rare winter visitor, endangered

Osprey

Order: Accipitriformes Family: Pandionidae

The family Pandionidae contains only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Osprey	Pandion haliaetus	Winter visitor

Hawks, eagles, and kites

Order: Accipitriformes Family: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers, and Old World vultures. These birds mostly have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black-winged kite	Elanus caeruleus
Oriental honey-buzzard	Pernis ptilorhynchus
Jerdon's baza	Aviceda jerdoni
Black baza	Aviceda leuphotes
Red-headed vulture	Sarcogyps calvus	Critically endangered, Accidental
Cinereous vulture	Aegypius monachus	Rare winter visitor
White-rumped vulture	Gyps bengalensis	Possibly extirpated, critically endangered^[8]
Slender-billed vulture	Gyps tenuirostris	Extirpated, critically endangered
Himalayan griffon	Gyps himalayensis	Accidental
Crested serpent-eagle	Spilornis cheela
Short-toed snake-eagle	Circaetus gallicus	Rare passage migrant and winter visitor
Bat hawk	Macheiramphus alcinus
Changeable hawk-eagle	Nisaetus cirrhatus
Mountain hawk-eagle	Nisaetus nipalensis
Blyth's hawk-eagle	Nisaetus alboniger
Wallace's hawk-eagle	Nisaetus nanus
Rufous-bellied eagle	Lophotriorchis kienerii
Black eagle	Ictinaetus malaiensis
Indian spotted eagle	Clanga hastata	Accidental
Greater spotted eagle	Clanga clanga	Uncommon passage migrant and winter visitor
Booted eagle	Hieraaetus pennatus	Rare passage migrant and winter visitor
Steppe eagle	Aquila nipalensis	Accidental, endangered
Imperial eagle	Aquila heliaca	Rare winter visitor
Bonelli's eagle	Aquila fasciata	Rare
White-eyed buzzard	Butastur teesa	Accidental
Rufous-winged buzzard	Butastur liventer
Gray-faced buzzard	Butastur indicus	Passage migrant and winter visitor
Eurasian marsh-harrier	Circus aeruginosus	Rare winter visitor
Eastern marsh-harrier	Circus spilonotus	Winter visitor
Hen harrier	Circus cyaneus	Rare winter visitor
Pallid harrier	Circus macrourus	Accidental
Pied harrier	Circus melanoleucos	Winter visitor
Crested goshawk	Accipiter trivirgatus
Shikra	Accipiter badius
Chinese sparrowhawk	Accipiter soloensis	Passage migrant and winter visitor
Japanese sparrowhawk	Accipiter gularis	Passage migrant and winter visitor
Besra	Accipiter virgatus
Eurasian sparrowhawk	Accipiter nisus	Rare winter visitor
Northern goshawk	Accipiter gentilis	Rare winter visitor
Black kite	Milvus migrans	Winter visitor, some breed
Brahminy kite	Haliastur indus
White-tailed eagle	Haliaeetus albicilla	Accidental
Pallas's fish-eagle	Haliaeetus leucoryphus	Accidental, possibly extirpated^[9] endangered
White-bellied sea-eagle	Haliaeetus leucogaster
Lesser fish-eagle	Ichthyophaga humilis	Rare resident
Gray-headed fish-eagle	Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus	Very rare
Common buzzard	Buteo buteo
Himalayan buzzard	Buteo refectus
Eastern buzzard	Buteo japonicus	Winter visitor
Long-legged buzzard	Buteo rufinus	Accidental

Barn-owls

Order: Strigiformes Family: Tytonidae

Barn-owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Australasian grass-owl	Tyto longimembris
Eastern barn owl	Tyto javanica
Oriental bay-owl	Phodilus badius

Owls

Order: Strigiformes Family: Strigidae

The typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

Common name	Binomial	Status
White-fronted scops-owl	Otus sagittatus	Rare
Reddish scops-owl	Otus rufescens	Rare
Mountain scops-owl	Otus spilocephalus
Collared scops-owl	Otus lettia
Sunda scops-owl	Otus lempiji
Oriental scops-owl	Otus sunia
Spot-bellied eagle-owl	Bubo nipalensis
Barred eagle-owl	Bubo sumatranus
Dusky eagle-owl	Bubo coromandus	Very rare
Brown fish-owl	Ketupa zeylonensis
Buffy fish-owl	Ketupa ketupu
Collared owlet	Taenioptynx brodiei
Asian barred owlet	Glaucidium cuculoides
Collared owlet	Taenioptynx brodiei
Spotted owlet	Athene brama
Spotted wood-owl	Strix seloputo
Brown wood-owl	Strix leptogrammica
Short-eared owl	Asio flammeus	Very rare winter visitor
Brown boobook	Ninox scutulata
Northern boobook	Ninox japonica	Accidental

Trogons

Order: Trogoniformes Family: Trogonidae

The family Trogonidae includes the trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Red-naped trogon	Harpactes kasumba	Rare
Diard's trogon	Harpactes diardii
Cinnamon-rumped trogon	Harpactes orrhophaeus	Rare
Scarlet-rumped trogon	Harpactes duvaucelii
Red-headed trogon	Harpactes erythrocephalus
Orange-breasted trogon	Harpactes oreskios

Hoopoes

Order: Bucerotiformes Family: Upupidae

Hoopoes have black, white, and pink plumage and a large erectile crest on the head.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Eurasian hoopoe	Upupa epops

Hornbills

Order: Bucerotiformes Family: Bucerotidae

Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured.

Common name	Binomial	Status
White-crowned hornbill	Berenicornis comatus	Endangered
Helmeted hornbill	Buceros vigil	Critically endangered
Rhinoceros hornbill	Buceros rhinoceros	Rare, far south
Great hornbill	Buceros bicornis
Bushy-crested hornbill	Anorrhinus galeritus
Brown hornbill	Anorrhinus austeni
Rusty-cheeked hornbill	Anorrhinus tickelli
Black hornbill	Anthracoceros malayanus	Rare
Oriental pied-hornbill	Anthracoceros albirostris
Rufous-necked hornbill	Aceros nipalensis	Rare
Wreathed hornbill	Rhyticeros undulatus
Plain-pouched hornbill	Rhyticeros subruficollis	Rare
Wrinkled hornbill	Rhabdotorrhinus corrugatus	Endangered

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.

The stork-billed kingfisher is an uncommon resident of Thailand.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Blyth's kingfisher	Alcedo hercules	Very rare winter visitor
Common kingfisher	Alcedo atthis	Very common winter visitor
Blue-eared kingfisher	Alcedo meninting
Malaysian blue-banded kingfisher	Alcedo peninsulae
Black-backed dwarf-kingfisher	Ceyx erithaca
Rufous-backed dwarf-kingfisher	Ceyx rufidorsa
Banded kingfisher	Lacedo pulchella
Brown-winged kingfisher	Pelargopsis amauroptera
Stork-billed kingfisher	Pelargopsis capensis
Ruddy kingfisher	Halcyon coromanda
White-throated kingfisher	Halcyon smyrnensis
Black-capped kingfisher	Halcyon pileata	Winter visitor and passage migrant
Sacred kingfisher	Todiramphus sanctus	Accidental
Collared kingfisher	Todirhamphus chloris
Rufous-collared kingfisher	Actenoides concretus	Rare and reduced
Crested kingfisher	Megaceryle lugubris
Pied kingfisher	Ceryle rudis

Bee-eaters

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, southern Asia, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies, and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colourful and have long down-turned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Red-bearded bee-eater	Nyctyornis amictus
Blue-bearded bee-eater	Nyctyornis athertoni
Asian green bee-eater	Merops orientalis
Blue-throated bee-eater	Merops viridis	Resident, winter visitor and passage migrant
Blue-tailed bee-eater	Merops philippinus	Resident, winter visitor and passage migrant
Chestnut-headed bee-eater	Merops leschenaulti

Rollers

Order: Coraciiformes Family: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.

Common name	Binomial	Status
European roller	Coracias garrulus	Accidental
Indochinese roller	Coracias affinis
Dollarbird	Eurystomus orientalis

Asian barbets

Order: Piciformes Family: Megalaimidae

The Asian barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Sooty barbet	Caloramphus hayii
Coppersmith barbet	Psilopogon haemacephalus
Blue-eared barbet	Psilopogon duvaucelii
Fire-tufted barbet	Psilopogon pyrolophus	Accidental
Great barbet	Psilopogon virens
Red-crowned barbet	Psilopogon rafflesii	Rare
Red-throated barbet	Psilopogon mystacophanos
Yellow-crowned barbet	Psilopogon henricii
Green-eared barbet	Psilopogon faiostrictus
Lineated barbet	Psilopogon lineatus
Golden-throated barbet	Psilopogon franklinii
Necklaced barbet	Psilopogon auricularis
Gold-whiskered barbet	Psilopogon chrysopogon
Moustached barbet	Psilopogon incognitus
Blue-throated barbet	Psilopogon asiaticus
Black-browed barbet	Psilopogon oorti
Turquoise-throated barbet	Psilopogon chersonesus	Endemic

Honeyguides

Order: Piciformes Family: Indicatoridae

Honeyguides are among the few birds that feed on wax. They are named for the greater honeyguide which leads traditional honey-hunters to bees' nests and, after the hunters have harvested the honey, feeds on the remaining contents of the hive.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Malaysian honeyguide	Indicator archipelagicus	Rare

Woodpeckers

Order: Piciformes Family: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Eurasian wryneck	Jynx torquilla	Winter visitor
Speckled piculet	Picumnus innominatus
Rufous piculet	Sasia abnormis
White-browed piculet	Sasia ochracea
Gray-and-buff woodpecker	Hemicircus concretus
Heart-spotted woodpecker	Hemicircus canente
Sunda pygmy woodpecker	Yungipicus moluccensis	Accidental
Gray-capped pygmy woodpecker	Yungipicus canicapillus
Yellow-crowned woodpecker	Leiopicus mahrattensis	Rare
Rufous-bellied woodpecker	Dendrocopos hyperythrus
Freckle-breasted woodpecker	Dendrocopos analis
Stripe-breasted woodpecker	Dendrocopos atratus
Crimson-breasted woodpecker	Dryobates cathpharius
Maroon woodpecker	Blythipicus rubiginosus
Bay woodpecker	Blythipicus pyrrhotis
Orange-backed woodpecker	Reinwardtipicus validus
Greater flameback	Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus
Rufous woodpecker	Micropternus brachyurus
Buff-necked woodpecker	Meiglyptes tukki
Buff-rumped woodpecker	Meiglyptes tristis
Black-and-buff woodpecker	Meiglyptes jugularis
Pale-headed woodpecker	Gecinulus grantia
Bamboo woodpecker	Gecinulus viridis
Olive-backed woodpecker	Dinopium rafflesii	Rare
Common flameback	Dinopium javanense
Lesser yellownape	Picus chlorolophus
Crimson-winged woodpecker	Picus puniceus
Streak-throated woodpecker	Picus xanthopygaeus
Streak-breasted woodpecker	Picus viridanus
Laced woodpecker	Picus vittatus
Gray-headed woodpecker	Picus canus
Black-headed woodpecker	Picus erythropygius
Banded woodpecker	Chrysophlegma miniaceum
Greater yellownape	Chrysophlegma flavinucha
Checker-throated woodpecker	Chrysophlegma mentale
Great slaty woodpecker	Mulleripicus pulverulentus
White-bellied woodpecker	Dryocopus javensis

Falcons and caracaras

Order: Falconiformes Family: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

Common name	Binomial	Status
White-rumped falcon	Polihierax insignis
Collared falconet	Microhierax caerulescens
Black-thighed falconet	Microhierax fringillarius
Eurasian kestrel	Falco tinnunculus	Winter visitor
Amur falcon	Falco amurensis	Very rare passage migrant
Merlin	Falco columbarius	Accidental
Eurasian hobby	Falco subbuteo	Rare winter visitor
Oriental hobby	Falco severus
Peregrine falcon	Falco peregrinus	Mainly winter visitor

Old World parrots

Order: Psittaciformes Family: Psittaculidae

Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from 8 cm (3.1 in) to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Blue-rumped parrot	Psittinus cyanurus	Rare, much reduced
Alexandrine parakeet	Psittacula eupatria	Rare, much reduced
Rose-ringed parakeet	Psittacula krameri	Introduced species
Gray-headed parakeet	Psittacula finschii
Blossom-headed parakeet	Psittacula roseata
Red-breasted parakeet	Psittacula alexandri
Vernal hanging-parrot	Loriculus vernalis
Blue-crowned hanging-parrot	Loriculus galgulus

African and green broadbills

Order: Passeriformes Family: Calyptomenidae

The broadbills are small, brightly coloured birds, which feed on fruit and also take insects in flycatcher fashion, snapping their broad bills. Their habitat is canopies of wet forests.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Green broadbill	Calyptomena viridis

Asian and Grauer's broadbills

Order: Passeriformes Family: Eurylaimidae

The broadbills are small, brightly coloured birds, which feed on fruit and also take insects in flycatcher fashion, snapping their broad bills. Their habitat is canopies of wet forests.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Long-tailed broadbill	Psarisomus dalhousiae
Dusky broadbill	Corydon sumatranus
Silver-breasted broadbill	Serilophus lunatus
Black-and-red broadbill	Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos
Banded broadbill	Eurylaimus javanicus
Black-and-yellow broadbill	Eurylaimus ochromalus

Pittas

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pittidae

Pittas are medium-sized stocky passerines with fairly long, strong legs, short tails, and stout bills. Many are brightly coloured. They spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects, and similar invertebrate prey.

The hooded pitta is an uncommon wet season migrant visitor of Thailand, and some winter in Southern Thailand.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Garnet pitta	Erythropitta granatina	Rare
Eared pitta	Hydrornis phayrei
Rusty-naped pitta	Hydrornis oatesi
Blue-naped pitta	Hydrornis nipalensis
Blue-rumped pitta	Hydrornis soror
Giant pitta	Hydrornis caeruleus	Rare
Malayan banded-pitta	Hydrornis irena
Blue pitta	Hydrornis cyaneus
Bar-bellied pitta	Hydrornis elliotii	Rare
Gurney's pitta	Hydrornis gurneyi	Rediscovered 1986, rare and endangered^[10]
Blue-winged pitta	Pitta moluccensis	Summer visitor, passage migrant
Fairy pitta	Pitta nympha	Accidental
Hooded pitta	Pitta sordida
Mangrove pitta	Pitta megarhyncha

Thornbills and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Acanthizidae

The Acanthizidae are small- to medium-sized birds with short rounded wings, slender bills, long legs, and a short tail. The golden-bellied gerygone is the only member of the family found in mainland Asia.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Golden-bellied gerygone	Gerygone sulphurea

Cuckooshrikes

Order: Passeriformes Family: Campephagidae

The cuckooshrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some minivet species are brightly coloured.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Fiery minivet	Pericrocotus igneus
Small minivet	Pericrocotus cinnamomeus
Grey-chinned minivet	Pericrocotus solaris
Short-billed minivet	Pericrocotus brevirostris
Long-tailed minivet	Pericrocotus ethologus
Scarlet minivet	Pericrocotus speciosus
Ashy minivet	Pericrocotus divaricatus	Winter visitor
Brown-rumped minivet	Pericrocotus cantonensis
Rosy minivet	Pericrocotus roseus	Winter visitor
Large cuckooshrike	Coracina macei
Bar-bellied cuckooshrike	Coracina striata	Rare, much reduced
Javan cuckooshrike	Coracina javensis	Accidental
Pied triller	Lalage nigra
Black-winged cuckooshrike	Lalage melaschistos	Resident and winter visitor
Lesser cuckooshrike	Lalage fimbriata
Indochinese cuckooshrike	Coracina polioptera

Vireos, shrike-babblers, and erpornis

Order: Passeriformes Family: Vireonidae

Most of the members of this family are found in the New World. However, the shrike-babblers and erpornis, which only slightly resemble the "true" vireos and greenlets, are found in South East Asia.

Common name	Binomial	Status
White-browed shrike-babbler	Pteruthius aeralatus
Black-eared shrike-babbler	Pteruthius melanotis
Clicking shrike-babbler	Pteruthius intermedius
White-bellied erpornis	Erpornis zantholeuca

Whistlers and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pachycephalidae

The family Pachycephalidae includes the whistlers, shrikethrushes, and some of the pitohuis.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Mangrove whistler	Pachycephala cinerea

Old World orioles

Order: Passeriformes Family: Oriolidae

The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds which are not closely related to the New World orioles.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Dark-throated oriole	Oriolus xanthonotus
Indian golden oriole	Oriolus kundoo	Accidental
Black-naped oriole	Oriolus chinensis	Winter visitor
Slender-billed oriole	Oriolus tenuirostris	Winter visitor
Black-hooded oriole	Oriolus xanthornus
Black-and-crimson oriole	Oriolus cruentus	Accidental
Maroon oriole	Oriolus traillii
Silver oriole	Oriolus mellianus	Rare winter visitor, endangered

Woodswallows, bellmagpies, and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Artamidae

The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Ashy woodswallow	Artamus fuscus
White-breasted woodswallow	Artamus leucorynchus	Accidental

Vangas, helmetshrikes, and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Vangidae

The family Vangidae is highly variable, though most members of it resemble true shrikes to some degree.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Large woodshrike	Tephrodornis virgatus
Common woodshrike	Tephrodornis pondicerianus
Bar-winged flycatcher-shrike	Hemipus picatus
Black-winged flycatcher-shrike	Hemipus hirundinaceus
Rufous-winged philentoma	Philentoma pyrhoptera
Maroon-breasted philentoma	Philentoma velata

Ioras

Order: Passeriformes Family: Aegithinidae

The ioras are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub, but whereas that group tends to be drab in colouration, ioras are sexually dimorphic, with the males being brightly plumaged in yellows and greens.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Common iora	Aegithina tiphia
Green iora	Aegithina viridissima
Great iora	Aegithina lafresnayei

Fantails

Order: Passeriformes Family: Rhipiduridae

The fantails are small insectivorous birds with longish, frequently fanned, tails.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Spotted fantail	Rhipidura perlata	Rare
Malaysian pied-fantail	Rhipidura javanica
White-throated fantail	Rhipidura albicollis
White-browed fantail	Rhipidura aureola

Drongos

Order: Passeriformes Family: Dicruridae

The drongos are mostly black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright when perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black drongo	Dicrurus macrocercus	Resident and winter visitor
Ashy drongo	Dicrurus leucophaeus	Resident and winter visitor
Crow-billed drongo	Dicrurus annectens	Winter visitor and passage migrant
Bronzed drongo	Dicrurus aeneus
Lesser racket-tailed drongo	Dicrurus remifer
Hair-crested drongo	Dicrurus hottentottus	Resident and winter visitor
Greater racket-tailed drongo	Dicrurus paradiseus

Monarch flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Monarchidae

The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines which hunt by gleaning, hovering or flycatching.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black-naped monarch	Hypothymis azurea
Japanese paradise-flycatcher	Terpsiphone atrocaudata	Rare winter visitor, passage migrant
Amur paradise-flycatcher	Terpsiphone incei
Blyth's paradise-flycatcher	Terpsiphone affinis	Resident and winter visitor

Crested shrikejay

Order: Passeriformes Family: Platylophidae

Until 2018 this species was included in family Corvidae, but genetic and morphological evidence place it in its own family.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Crested shrikejay	Platylophus galericulatus

Shrikes

Order: Passeriformes Family: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for the habit of some species of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Tiger shrike	Lanius tigrinus	Fairly common passage migrant
Red-backed shrike	Lanius collurio	Accidental
Brown shrike	Lanius cristatus	Winter visitor
Burmese shrike	Lanius collurioides	Winter visitor
Bay-backed shrike	Lanius vittatus	Accidental
Long-tailed shrike	Lanius schach	Passage migrant
Gray-backed shrike	Lanius tephronotus	Winter visitor

Crows, jays, and magpies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Corvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black magpie	Platysmurus leucopterus
Eurasian jay	Garrulus glandarius
Red-billed blue-magpie	Urocissa erythrorhyncha
Common green-magpie	Cissa chinensis
Indochinese green-magpie	Cissa hypoleuca
Rufous treepie	Dendrocitta vagabunda
Gray treepie	Dendrocitta formosae
Racket-tailed treepie	Crypsirina temia
Ratchet-tailed treepie	Temnurus temnurus	Accidental
Oriental magpie	Pica serica	Accidental
Eurasian magpie	Pica pica	Accidental
House crow	Corvus splendens	Introduced species
Rook	Corvus frugilegus	Accidental
Large-billed crow	Corvus macrorhynchos

Rail-babbler

Order: Passeriformes Family: Eupetidae

The Malaysian rail-babbler is a rail-like passerine bird which inhabits the floor of primary forest in the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra. It is the only member of its family. The nominate subspecies E. m. macrocerus is found in Thailand.^[11]

Common name	Binomial	Status
Malaysian rail-babbler	Eupetes macrocerus

Fairy flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Stenostiridae

Most of the species of this small family are found in Africa, though a few inhabit tropical Asia. They are not closely related to other birds called "flycatchers".

Common name	Binomial	Status
Yellow-bellied fairy-fantail	Chelidorhynx hypoxanthus
Gray-headed canary-flycatcher	Culicicapa ceylonensis

Tits, chickadees, and titmice

Order: Passeriformes Family: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Fire-capped tit	Cephalopyrus flammiceps
Yellow-browed tit	Sylviparus modestus
Sultan tit	Melanochlora sultanea
Cinereous tit	Parus cinereous
Japanese tit	Parus minor
Yellow-cheeked tit	Machlolophus spilonotus

Larks

Order: Passeriformes Family: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Horsfield's bushlark	Mirafra javanica
Indochinese bushlark	Mirafra erythrocephala
Greater short-toed lark	Calandrella brachydactyla
Mongolian short-toed lark	Calandrella dukhunensis	Accidental
Oriental skylark	Alauda gulgula

Cisticolas and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Cisticolidae

The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Common tailorbird	Orthotomus sutorius
Dark-necked tailorbird	Orthotomus atrogularis
Ashy tailorbird	Orthotomus ruficeps
Rufous-tailed tailorbird	Orthotomus sericeus
Burmese prinia	Prinia cooki
Brown prinia	Prinia polychroa
Hill prinia	Prinia superciliaris
Rufescent prinia	Prinia rufescens
Gray-breasted prinia	Prinia hodgsonii
Yellow-bellied prinia	Prinia flaviventris
Plain prinia	Prinia inornata
Zitting cisticola	Cisticola juncidis
Golden-headed cisticola	Cisticola exilis

Reed warblers and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Acrocephalidae

The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Thick-billed warbler	Arundinax aedon	Winter visitor
Booted warbler	Iduna caligata	Accidental
Black-browed reed warbler	Acrocephalus bistrigiceps	Winter visitor
Paddyfield warbler	Acrocephalus agricola	Rare winter visitor
Blunt-winged warbler	Acrocephalus concinens	Winter visitor
Manchurian reed warbler	Acrocephalus tangorum	Winter visitor
Blyth's reed warbler	Acrocephalus dumetorum	Passage migrant
Large-billed reed warbler	Acrocephalus orinus	Rare, rediscovered 2006^[12]
Oriental reed warbler	Acrocephalus orientalis	Winter visitor
Clamorous reed warbler	Acrocephalus stentoreus	Very rare winter visitor

Grassbirds and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Locustellidae

Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Marsh grassbird	Helopsaltes pryeri	Accidental
Pallas's grasshopper warbler	Helopsaltes certhiola	Winter visitor
Lanceolated warbler	Locustella lanceolata	Winter visitor
Brown bush warbler	Locustella luteoventris	Rare winter visitor
Chinese bush warbler	Locustella tacsanowskia	Very rare winter visitor
Baikal bush warbler	Locustella davidi	Winter visitor
Spotted bush warbler	Locustella thoracica	Accidental
Russet bush warbler	Locustella mandelli
Dalat bush warbler	Locustella idonea
Striated grassbird	Megalurus palustris

Cupwings

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pnoepygidae

The members of this small family are found in mountainous parts of South and South East Asia.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Pygmy cupwing	Pnoepyga pusilla

Swallows

Order: Passeriformes Family: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Common name	Binomial	Status
White-eyed river martin	Pseudochelidon sirintarae	Endemic, critically endangered^[13]
Gray-throated martin	Riparia chinensis
Bank swallow	Riparia riparia	Winter visitor
Pale sand martin	Riparia diluta	Accidental
Dusky crag-martin	Ptyonoprogne concolor
Barn swallow	Hirundo rustica	Winter visitor
Wire-tailed swallow	Hirundo smithii
Pacific swallow	Hirundo tahitica
Red-rumped swallow	Cecropis daurica	Winter visitor, local breeder
Striated swallow	Cecropis striolata
Rufous-bellied swallow	Cecropis badia
Common house-martin	Delichon urbicum	Rare winter visitor
Asian house-martin	Delichon dasypus	Winter visitor
Nepal house-martin	Delichon nipalensis	One record

Bulbuls

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pycnonotidae

Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red, or orange vents, cheeks, throats, or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black-and-white bulbul	Brachypodius melanoleucos	Rare
Puff-backed bulbul	Brachypodius eutilotus
Black-headed bulbul	Brachypodius melanocephalos
Spectacled bulbul	Rubigula erythropthalmos
Gray-bellied bulbul	Rubigula cyaniventris
Scaly-breasted bulbul	Rubigula squamata
Black-crested bulbul	Rubigula flaviventris
Crested finchbill	Spizixos canifrons
Straw-headed bulbul	Pycnonotus zeylanicus	Rare, Critically endangered
Striated bulbul	Pycnonotus striatus
Red-vented bulbul	Pycnonotus cafer	Accidental
Red-whiskered bulbul	Pycnonotus jocosus
Brown-breasted bulbul	Pycnonotus xanthorrhous
Light-vented bulbul	Pycnonotus sinensis
Sooty-headed bulbul	Pycnonotus aurigaster
Stripe-throated bulbul	Pycnonotus finlaysoni
Flavescent bulbul	Pycnonotus flavescens
Yellow-vented bulbul	Pycnonotus goiavier
Olive-winged bulbul	Pycnonotus plumosus
Ayeyarwady bulbul	Pycnonotus blanfordi
Streak-eared bulbul	Pycnonotus conradi
Cream-vented bulbul	Pycnonotus simplex
Red-eyed bulbul	Pycnonotus brunneus
Hairy-backed bulbul	Tricholestes criniger
Finsch's bulbul	Alophoixus finschii
Yellow-bellied bulbul	Alophoixus phaeocephalus
Gray-cheeked bulbul	Alophoixus tephrogenys
White-throated bulbul	Alophoixus flaveolus
Ochraceous bulbul	Alophoixus ochraceus
Puff-throated bulbul	Alophoixus pallidus
Buff-vented bulbul	Iole crypta
Gray-eyed bulbul	Iole propinqua
Olive bulbul	Iole virescens
Black bulbul	Hypsipetes leucocephalus	Resident and winter visitor
White-headed bulbul	Hypsipetes thompsoni
Ashy bulbul	Hemixos flavala
Cinereous bulbul	Hemixos cinereus
Chestnut bulbul	Hemixos castanonotus	Accidental
Mountain bulbul	Ixos mcclellandii
Streaked bulbul	Ixos malaccensis

Leaf warblers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Phylloscopidae

Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with greyish-green to greyish-brown colours.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Ashy-throated warbler	Phylloscopus maculipennis	Winter visitor
Buff-barred warbler	Phylloscopus pulcher	Winter visitor
Yellow-browed warbler	Phylloscopus inornatus	Winter visitor
Hume's warbler	Phylloscopus humei	Winter visitor
Chinese leaf warbler	Phylloscopus yunnanensis	Winter visitor
Pallas's leaf warbler	Phylloscopus proregulus	Winter visitor
Sichuan leaf warbler	Phylloscopus forresti
Radde's warbler	Phylloscopus schwarzi	Winter visitor
Yellow-streaked warbler	Phylloscopus armandii	Winter visitor
Tickell's leaf warbler	Phylloscopus affinis	Winter visitor
Dusky warbler	Phylloscopus fuscatus	Winter visitor
Buff-throated warbler	Phylloscopus subaffinis	Winter visitor
Common chiffchaff	Phylloscopus collybita	Accidental
Eastern crowned warbler	Phylloscopus coronatus	Winter and passage visitor
White-spectacled warbler	Phylloscopus intermedius	Accidental
Gray-cheeked warbler	Phylloscopus poliogenys
Green-crowned warbler	Phylloscopus burkii
Gray-crowned warbler	Phylloscopus tephrocephalus	Rare winter visitor
Whistler's warbler	Phylloscopus whistleri
Bianchi's warbler	Phylloscopus valentini	Winter visitor
Martens's warbler	Phylloscopus omeiensis	Winter visitor
Alström's warbler	Phylloscopus soror	Winter visitor
Green warbler	Phylloscopus nitidus	Accidental
Greenish warbler	Phylloscopus trochiloides	Winter visitor
Two-barred warbler	Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus	Winter visitor
Large-billed leaf warbler	Phylloscopus magnirostris	Winter visitor
Pale-legged leaf warbler	Phylloscopus tenellipes	Winter visitor
Sakhalin leaf warbler	Phylloscopus borealoides
Japanese leaf warbler	Phylloscopus xanthodryas	Accidental
Arctic warbler	Phylloscopus borealis	Winter and passage visitor
Kamchatka leaf warbler	Phylloscopus examinandus
Chestnut-crowned warbler	Phylloscopus castaniceps
Yellow-vented warbler	Phylloscopus cantator	Rare winter visitor
Sulphur-breasted warbler	Phylloscopus ricketti	Winter visitor
Blyth's leaf warbler	Phylloscopus reguloides	Winter visitor
Claudia's leaf warbler	Phylloscopus claudiae	Winter visitor
Hartert's leaf warbler	Phylloscopus goodsoni	Accidental
Davison's leaf warbler	Phylloscopus intensior
Kloss's leaf warbler	Phylloscopus ogilviegranti
Mountain leaf warbler	Phylloscopus trivirgatus	Accidental

Bush warblers and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Scotocercidae

The members of this family are found throughout Africa, Asia, and Polynesia. Their taxonomy is in flux, and some authorities place some genera in other families.^[14]

Common name	Binomial	Status
Pale-footed bush warbler	Urosphena pallidipes
Asian stubtail	Urosphena squameiceps	Winter visitor
Gray-bellied tesia	Tesia cyaniventer	Very rare
Slaty-bellied tesia	Tesia olivea
Chestnut-crowned bush warbler	Cettia major	Very rare winter visitor
Chestnut-headed tesia	Cettia castaneocoronata
Yellow-bellied warbler	Abroscopus superciliaris
Rufous-faced warbler	Abroscopus albogularis	Rare
Mountain tailorbird	Phyllergetes cuculatus
Manchurian bush warbler	Horornis canturians	Rare winter visitor
Aberrant bush warbler	Horornis flavolivacea

Long-tailed tits

Order: Passeriformes Family: Aegithalidae

Long-tailed tits are a group of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They make woven bag nests in trees. Most eat a mixed diet which includes insects.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Black-throated tit	Aegithalos concinnus

Sylviid warblers, parrotbills, and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. They mainly occur as breeding species, as another common name (Old World warblers) implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent, Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Lesser whitethroat	Curruca curruca	Rare winter visitor
Yellow-eyed babbler	Chrysomma sinense
Spot-breasted parrotbill	Paradoxornis guttaticollis
Gray-headed parrotbill	Psittiparus gularis
Rufous-headed parrotbill	Psittiparus bakeri	Accidental
Short-tailed parrotbill	Neosuthora davidiana	Rare
Black-throated parrotbill	Suthola nipalensis
Pale-billed parrotbill	Chleuasicus atrosuperciliaris	Rare

White-eyes, yuhinas, and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Zosteropidae

The white-eyes are small birds of rather drab appearance, the plumage above being typically greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast, or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As the name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eye.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Striated yuhina	Staphida castaniceps
Indochinese yuhina	Staphida torqueola
Whiskered yuhina	Yuhina flavicollis
Burmese yuhina	Yuhina humilis
Chestnut-flanked white-eye	Zosterops erythropleurus	Winter visitor
Swinhoe's white-eye	Zosterops simplex
Indian white-eye	Zosterops palpebrosus
Hume's white-eye	Zosterops auriventer

Tree-babblers, scimitar-babblers, and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Timaliidae

The members of this family are somewhat diverse in size and colouration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Chestnut-capped babbler	Timalia pileata
Pin-striped tit-babbler	Mixornis gularis
Fluffy-backed tit-babbler	Macronus ptilosus	Rare, much reduced
Golden babbler	Cyanoderma chrysaeum
Chestnut-winged babbler	Cyanoderma erythropterum
Rufous-fronted babbler	Cyanoderma rufifrons
Buff-chested babbler	Cyanoderma ambiguum
Naga wren-babbler	Spelaeornis chocolatinus	Accidental
Gray-bellied wren-babbler	Spelaeornis reptatus
Black laughingthrush	Melanocichla lugubris	Accidental
Coral-billed scimitar-babbler	Pomatorhinus ferruginosus	Rare
Red-billed scimitar-babbler	Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps
White-browed scimitar-babbler	Pomatorhinus schisticeps
Sunda scimitar-babbler	Pomatorhinus bornensis	Accidental
Large scimitar-babbler	Erythrogenys hypoleucos
Red-eyed scimitar-babbler	Erythrogenys imberbis
Black-throated babbler	Stachyris nigricollis
Chestnut-rumped babbler	Stachyris maculata
Gray-throated babbler	Stachyris nigriceps
Gray-headed babbler	Stachyris poliocephala
White-necked babbler	Stachyris leucotis	Rare
Spot-necked babbler	Stachyris strialata

Ground babblers and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Pellorneidae

These small to medium-sized songbirds have soft fluffy plumage but are otherwise rather diverse. Members of the genus Illadopsis are found in forests, but some other genera are birds of scrublands.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Chinese grassbird	Graminicola striatus	Extirpated
Large wren-babbler	Turdinus macrodactylus
Sooty-capped babbler	Malacopteron affine	Rare
Scaly-crowned babbler	Malacopteron cinereum
Rufous-crowned babbler	Malacopteron magnum
Moustached babbler	Malacopteron magnirostre
Collared babbler	Gampsorhynchus torquatus
Rufous-winged fulvetta	Schoeniparus castaneceps
Rufous-throated fulvetta	Schoeniparus rufogularis	Rare
Rusty-capped fulvetta	Schoeniparus dubius	Accidental
Puff-throated babbler	Pellorneum ruficeps
Black-capped babbler	Pellorneum capistratum
Short-tailed babbler	Pellorneum malaccense
Spot-throated babbler	Pellorneum albiventre
Buff-breasted babbler	Pellorneum tickelli
White-chested babbler	Pellorneum rostratum
Ferruginous babbler	Pellorneum bicolor
Striped wren-babbler	Kenopia striata	Rare
Abbott's babbler	Malacocincla abbotti
Horsfield's babbler	Malacocincla sepiaria
Streaked wren-babbler	Gypsophila brevicaudata
Annam limestone babbler	Gypsophila annamensis	Accidental
Rufous limestone babbler	Gypsophila calcicola	Endemic
Variable limestone babbler	Gypsophila crispifrons
Eyebrowed wren-babbler	Napothera epilepidota

Laughingthrushes and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Leiothrichidae

The members of this family are diverse in size and colouration, though those of genus Turdoides tend to be brown or greyish. The family is found in Africa, India, and southeast Asia.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Brown-cheeked fulvetta	Alcippe poioicephala
Black-browed fulvetta	Alcippe grotei
Brown fulvetta	Alcippe brunneicauda
Yunnan fulvetta	Alcippe fratercula
Mountain fulvetta	Alcippe peracensis
Himalayan cutia	Cutia nipalensis	Rare
Red-tailed laughingthrush	Trochalopteron milnei	Rare
Silver-eared laughingthrush	Trochalopteron melanostigma
Malayan laughingthrush	Trochalopteron peninsulae
Long-tailed sibia	Heterophasia picaoides
Black-backed sibia	Heterophasia melanoleuca
Blue-winged minla	Actinodura cyanouroptera
Chestnut-tailed minla	Actinodura strigula
Spectacled barwing	Actinodura ramsayi
Silver-eared mesia	Leiothrix argentauris
Rufous-backed sibia	Leioptila annectens
Scarlet-faced liocichla	Liocichla ripponi
Spot-breasted laughingthrush	Garrulax merulinus	Very rare
Lesser necklaced laughingthrush	Garrulax monileger
White-crested laughingthrush	Garrulax leucolophus
White-necked laughingthrush	Garrulax strepitans
Cambodian laughingthrush	Garrulax ferrarius
Chestnut-capped laughingthrush	Pterorhinus mitratus	Rare in far south
Black-throated laughingthrush	Pterorhinus chinensis
White-browed laughingthrush	Pterorhinus sannio
Greater necklaced laughingthrush	Pterorhinus pectoralis

Wallcreeper

Order: Passeriformes Family: Tichodromidae

The wallcreeper is the only member of its family. It inhabits the high mountains of Eurasia from southern Europe to central China.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Wallcreeper	Tichodroma muraria	Accidental

Nuthatches

Order: Passeriformes Family: Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Chestnut-bellied nuthatch	Sitta cinnamoventris
Burmese nuthatch	Sitta neglecta
Chestnut-vented nuthatch	Sitta nagaensis
Velvet-fronted nuthatch	Sitta frontalis
Blue nuthatch	Sitta azurea	Accidental
Giant nuthatch	Sitta magna	Endangered
Beautiful nuthatch	Sitta formosa

Treecreepers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Hume's treecreeper	Certhia manipurensis

Spotted elachura

Order: Passeriformes Family: Elachuridae

This species, the only one in its family, inhabits forest undergrowth throughout South East Asia.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Spotted elachura	Elachura formosa

Dippers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Cinclidae

Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Brown dipper	Cinclus pallasii	Rare non-breeding visitor

Starlings

Order: Passeriformes Family: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Asian glossy starling	Aplonis panayensis
Golden-crested myna	Ampeliceps coronatus
Common hill myna	Gracula religiosa
European starling	Sturnus vulgaris	Rare winter visitor
Rosy starling	Pastor roseus	Very rare winter visitor
Daurian starling	Agropsar sturninus	Resident and passage visitor
Chestnut-cheeked starling	Agropsar philippensis	Accidental
Black-collared starling	Gracupica nigricollis
Siamese pied starling	Gracupica floweri
White-shouldered starling	Sturnia sinensis	Winter visitor
Brahminy starling	Sturnia pagodarum	Accidental
Chestnut-tailed starling	Sturnia malabarica	Resident and winter visitor
Red-billed starling	Spodiopsar sericeus	Accidental
White-cheeked starling	Spodiopsar cineraceus	Accidental
Common myna	Acridotheres tristis	Range expansion through introductions^[5]
Vinous-breasted myna	Acridotheres leucocephalus
Jungle myna	Acridotheres fuscus
Javan myna	Acridotheres javanicus	Introduced
Great myna	Acridotheres grandis
Crested myna	Acridotheres cristatellus
Spot-winged starling	Saroglossa spilopterus	Rare winter visitor

Thrushes and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Long-tailed thrush	Zoothera dixoni	Winter visitor
Himalayan thrush	Zoothera salimalii	Accidental
Dark-sided thrush	Zoothera marginata
White's thrush	Zoothera aurea
Scaly thrush	Zoothera dauma	Winter visitor, resident in mountains
Purple cochoa	Cochoa purpurea	Rare
Green cochoa	Cochoa viridis
Siberian thrush	Geokichla sibirica	Winter visitor
Chestnut-capped thrush	Geokichla interpres	Rare
Orange-headed thrush	Geokichla citrina	Winter visitor
Chinese blackbird	Turdus mandarinus
Gray-winged blackbird	Turdus boulboul	Rare winter visitor
Japanese thrush	Turdus cardis	Accidental
Black-breasted thrush	Turdus dissimilis	Rare winter visitor
Gray-sided thrush	Turdus feae	Rare winter visitor
Eyebrowed thrush	Turdus obscurus	Winter visitor
Chestnut thrush	Turdus rubrocanus	Rare winter visitor
Black-throated thrush	Turdus atrogularis	Very rare winter visitor
Red-throated thrush	Turdus ruficollis	Very rare winter visitor
Dusky thrush	Turdus eunomus	Irruptive in winter
Naumann's thrush	Turdus naumanni	Accidental

Old World flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Muscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a large group of small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Grey-streaked flycatcher	Muscicapa griseisticta	Rare
Dark-sided flycatcher	Muscicapa sibirica	Winter visitor
Ferruginous flycatcher	Muscicapa ferruginea	Winter visitor and passage migrant
Asian brown flycatcher	Muscicapa daurica	Resident and winter visitor
Brown-breasted flycatcher	Muscicapa muttui	Very rare
Brown-streaked flycatcher	Muscicapa williamsoni	Resident and passage visitor
Oriental magpie-robin	Copsychus saularis
Rufous-tailed shama	Copsychus pyrropygus	Rare
White-rumped shama	Copsychus malabaricus
White-gorgeted flycatcher	Anthipes monileger
Rufous-browed flycatcher	Anthipes solitaris
White-tailed flycatcher	Cyornis concretus	Rare
Hainan blue flycatcher	Cyornis hainanus
Pale blue flycatcher	Cyornis unicolor
Blue-throated flycatcher	Cyornis rubeculoides	Resident and winter visitor
Chinese blue flycatcher	Cyornis glaucicomans
Large blue flycatcher	Cyornis magnirostris	Winter visitor
Hill blue flycatcher	Cyornis whitei
Malaysian blue flycatcher	Cyornis turcosus
Indochinese blue flycatcher	Cyornis sumatrensis
Mangrove blue flycatcher	Cyornis rufigastra
Brown-chested jungle-flycatcher	Cyornis brunneatus	Rare on passage
Gray-chested jungle-flycatcher	Cyornis umbratilis	Rare in far south
Fulvous-chested jungle-flycatcher	Cyornis olivaceus
Large niltava	Niltava grandis
Small niltava	Niltava macgrigoriae
Fujian niltava	Niltava davidi	Rare winter visitor
Rufous-bellied niltava	Niltava sundara	Winter visitor
Vivid niltava	Niltava vivida	Winter visitor
Blue-and-white flycatcher	Cyanoptila cyanomelana	Passage migrant
Zappey's flycatcher	Cyanoptila cumatilis	Passage migrant
Verditer flycatcher	Eumyias thalassinus	Resident and winter visitor
Lesser shortwing	Brachypteryx leucophrys
Himalayan shortwing	Brachypteryx cruralis
Rufous-tailed robin	Larvivora sibilans	Rare winter visitor
Japanese robin	Larvivora akahige
Siberian blue robin	Larvivora cyane	Winter visitor
White-bellied redstart	Luscinia phaenicuroides	Resident and winter visitor
Bluethroat	Luscinia svecica	Winter visitor
Malayan whistling-thrush	Myophonus robinsoni	Accidental
Blue whistling-thrush	Myophonus caeruleus	Resident and winter visitor
White-crowned forktail	Enicurus leschenaulti
Chestnut-naped forktail	Enicurus ruficapillus
Black-backed forktail	Enicurus immaculatus
Slaty-backed forktail	Enicurus schistaceus
Firethroat	Calliope pectardens	Accidental
Blackthroat	Calliope obscura	Accidental
Siberian rubythroat	Calliope calliope	Winter visitor
Chinese rubythroat	Calliope tschebaiewi	Accidental
White-tailed robin	Myiomela leucura
Blue-fronted robin	Cinclidium frontale	Status uncertain
Red-flanked bluetail	Tarsiger cyanurus	Winter visitor
Himalayan bluetail	Tarsiger rufilatus	Winter visitor
Golden bush-robin	Tarsiger chrysaeus	Rare winter visitor
Yellow-rumped flycatcher	Ficedula zanthopygia	Passage migrant
Green-backed flycatcher	Ficedula elisae	winter visitor
Narcissus flycatcher	Ficedula narcissina	Accidental
Mugimaki flycatcher	Ficedula mugimaki	Winter visitor
Slaty-backed flycatcher	Ficedula hodgsonii	Winter visitor
Slaty-blue flycatcher	Ficedula tricolor	Winter visitor
Snowy-browed flycatcher	Ficedula hyperythra
Pygmy flycatcher	Ficedula hodgsoni	Rare winter visitor
Rufous-gorgeted flycatcher	Ficedula strophiata	Winter visitor
Sapphire flycatcher	Ficedula sapphira	Winter visitor
Little pied flycatcher	Ficedula westermanni
Ultramarine flycatcher	Ficedula superciliaris	Winter visitor
Rusty-tailed flycatcher	Ficedula ruficauda	Accidental
Taiga flycatcher	Ficedula albicilla	Winter visitor
Red-breasted flycatcher	Ficedula parva	Accidental
Rufous-chested flycatcher	Ficedula dumetoria
Blue-fronted redstart	Phoenicurus frontalis	Rare winter visitor
Plumbeous redstart	Phoenicurus fuliginosus	Resident and winter visitor
White-capped redstart	Phoenicurus leucocephalus	Mainly winter visitor
Black redstart	Phoenicurus ochruros	Accidental
Daurian redstart	Phoenicurus auroreus	Winter visitor
Chestnut-bellied rock-thrush	Monticola rufiventris	Winter visitor, resident on highest peaks
White-throated rock-thrush	Monticola gularis	Winter visitor
Blue rock-thrush	Monticola solitarius	Resident (ssp madoci) in far south and winter visitor
Amur stonechat	Saxicola stejnegeri	Resident
Siberian stonechat	Saxicola maurus	winter visitor
Amur stonechat	Saxicola stejnegeri
Pied bushchat	Saxicola caprata
Jerdon's bushchat	Saxicola jerdoni	Rare
Gray bushchat	Saxicola ferreus	Resident and winter visitor
Northern wheatear	Oenanthe oenanthe	Accidental
Isabelline wheatear	Oenanthe isabellina	Accidental
Desert wheatear	Oenanthe deserti	Accidental

Flowerpeckers

Order: Passeriformes Family: Dicaeidae

The flowerpeckers are very small, stout, often brightly coloured birds, with short tails, short thick curved bills, and tubular tongues.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Yellow-breasted flowerpecker	Prionochilus maculatus
Crimson-breasted flowerpecker	Prionochilus percussus
Scarlet-breasted flowerpecker	Prionochilus thoracicus
Thick-billed flowerpecker	Dicaeum agile
Yellow-vented flowerpecker	Dicaeum chrysorrheum
Yellow-bellied flowerpecker	Dicaeum melanozanthum	Uncommon, may breed
Orange-bellied flowerpecker	Dicaeum trigonostigma
Plain flowerpecker	Dicaeum minullum
Fire-breasted flowerpecker	Dicaeum ignipectus
Scarlet-backed flowerpecker	Dicaeum cruentatum	Rare resident in far south

Sunbirds and spiderhunters

Order: Passeriformes Family: Nectariniidae

The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Their flight is fast and direct on short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Ruby-cheeked sunbird	Chalcoparia singalensis
Plain sunbird	Anthreptes simplex
Brown-throated sunbird	Anthreptes malacensis
Red-throated sunbird	Anthreptes rhodolaemus	Rare
Van Hasselt's sunbird	Leptocoma brasiliana
Copper-throated sunbird	Leptocoma calcostetha
Purple sunbird	Cinnyris asiaticus
Olive-backed sunbird	Cinnyris jugularis
Fire-tailed sunbird	Aethopyga ignicauda
Black-throated sunbird	Aethopyga saturata
Mrs. Gould's sunbird	Aethopyga gouldiae	Winter visitor
Green-tailed sunbird	Aethopyga nipalensis	Resident in mountains
Temminck's sunbird	Aethopyga temminckii	Rare
Crimson sunbird	Aethopyga siparaja
Purple-naped spiderhunter	Kurochkinegramma hypogrammicum
Thick-billed spiderhunter	Arachnothera crassirostris
Long-billed spiderhunter	Arachnothera robusta	Rare
Little spiderhunter	Arachnothera longirostra
Yellow-eared spiderhunter	Arachnothera chrysogenys
Spectacled spiderhunter	Arachnothera flavigaster
Streaked spiderhunter	Arachnothera magna
Gray-breasted spiderhunter	Arachnothera modesta

Fairy-bluebirds

Order: Passeriformes Family: Irenidae

The fairy-bluebirds are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub. The males are dark-blue and the females a duller green.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Asian fairy-bluebird	Irena puella

Leafbirds

Order: Passeriformes Family: Chloropseidae

The leafbirds are small, bulbul-like birds. The males are brightly plumaged, usually in greens and yellows.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Greater green leafbird	Chloropsis sonnerati
Lesser green leafbird	Chloropsis cyanopogon
Blue-winged leafbird	Chloropsis cochinchinensis
Golden-fronted leafbird	Chloropsis aurifrons
Orange-bellied leafbird	Chloropsis hardwickii

Weavers and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Ploceidae

The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, but some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Streaked weaver	Ploceus manyar
Baya weaver	Ploceus philippinus
Asian golden weaver	Ploceus hypoxanthus

Waxbills and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Estrildidae

The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colours and patterns.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Java sparrow	Padda oryzivora	Introduced,^[5] endangered
Scaly-breasted munia	Lonchura punctulata
White-rumped munia	Lonchura striata
White-bellied munia	Lonchura leucogastra
Chestnut munia	Lonchura atricapilla
White-headed munia	Lonchura maja
Pin-tailed parrotfinch	Erythrura prasina
Red avadavat	Amandava amandava

Old World sparrows

Order: Passeriformes Family: Passeridae

Sparrows are small passerine birds, typically small, plump, brown or grey with short tails and short powerful beaks. They are seed-eaters, but also consume small insects.

Common name	Binomial	Status
House sparrow	Passer domesticus	Recent colonist^[2]
Russet sparrow	Passer cinnamomeus	Rare winter visitor
Plain-backed sparrow	Passer flaveolus
Eurasian tree sparrow	Passer montanus

Wagtails and pipits

Order: Passeriformes Family: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails and comprises the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. These are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Forest wagtail	Dendronanthus indicus	Winter visitor
Gray wagtail	Motacilla cinerea	Winter visitor
Western yellow wagtail	Motacilla flava	Winter visitor
Eastern yellow wagtail	Motacilla tschutschensis
Citrine wagtail	Motacilla citreola	Winter visitor
Mekong wagtail	Motacilla samveasnae
White wagtail	Motacilla alba	Winter visitor
Richard's pipit	Anthus richardi	Winter visitor
Paddyfield pipit	Anthus rufulus
Blyth's pipit	Anthus godlewskii	Accidental
Rosy pipit	Anthus roseatus	Localised winter visitor
Olive-backed pipit	Anthus hodgsoni	Winter visitor
Red-throated pipit	Anthus cervinus	Winter visitor
American pipit	Anthus rubescens	Accidental

Finches, euphonias, and allies

Order: Passeriformes Family: Fringillidae

Finches are small to moderately large seed-eating passerine birds with a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and nine primary flight feathers. Finches have a bouncing flight, alternating bouts of flapping with gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Common chaffinch	Fringilla coelebs	Accidental
Brambling	Fringilla montifringilla	Accidental
Collared grosbeak	Mycerobas affinis	Accidental
Spot-winged grosbeak	Mycerobas melanozanthos
Yellow-billed grosbeak	Eophona migratoria	Accidental
Japanese grosbeak	Eophona personata	Accidental
Common rosefinch	Carpodacus erythrinus	Winter visitor
Scarlet finch	Carpodacus sipahi
Dark-breasted rosefinch	Carpodacus nipalensis	Winter visitor
Oriental greenfinch	Chloris sinica	Rare winter visitor
Black-headed greenfinch	Chloris ambigua	Rare winter visitor

Longspurs and snow buntings

Order: Passeriformes Family: Calcariidae

The Calcariidae are a family of birds that had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Lapland longspur	Calcarius lapponicus	Accidental

Old World buntings

Order: Passeriformes Family: Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.

Common name	Binomial	Status
Crested bunting	Emberiza lathami	Winter visitor
Black-headed bunting	Emberiza melanocephala	Accidental
Red-headed bunting	Emberiza bruniceps	Accidental
Chestnut-eared bunting	Emberiza fucata	Winter visitor
Pine bunting	Emberiza leucocephalos	Accidental
Gray-necked bunting	Emberiza buchanani	Rare
Yellow-breasted bunting	Emberiza aureola	Winter visitor, critically endangered
Little bunting	Emberiza pusilla	Winter visitor
Black-faced bunting	Emberiza spodocephala	Rare winter visitor
Chestnut bunting	Emberiza rutila	Winter visitor
Tristram's bunting	Emberiza tristrami	Accidental

References

^ Lepage, Denis (22 December 2019). "Checklist of Birds of Thailand". Bird Checklists of the World. Avibase. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Lekagul, Boonsong; Round, Philip (1991). A Guide to the Birds of Thailand. Bangkok: Saha Karn Bhaet. pp. 7–19. ISBN 974-85673-6-2.
^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2022. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ Retrieved 15 August 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c Robson, Craig (2004). A Field Guide to the Birds of Thailand. New Holland. ISBN 1-84330-921-1.
^ ^a ^b ^c Yap, Charlotte A. M.; Sodhi, Navjot S. (2004). "Southeast Asian invasive birds: ecology, impact and Management" (PDF). Ornithological Science. 3 (1): 57–67. doi:10.2326/osj.3.57.
^ Insee, Jiranan; et al. (February 2014). "1 February 2014 PCR-based Method for Sex Identification of Eastern Sarus Crane (Grus antigone sharpii): Implications for Reintroduction Programs in Thailand". Zoological Science. 31 (2): 95–100. doi:10.2108/zsj.31.95.
^ "Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus". Species factsheet. BirdLife International. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
^ BirdLife International. (2017). "Gyps bengalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T22695194A118307773. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22695194A118307773.en. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
^ BirdLife International. (2018). "Haliaeetus leucoryphus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22695130A131934599. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22695130A131934599.en. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
^ "Gurney's Pitta - BirdLife Species Factsheet". BirdLife International. Retrieved 2008-05-14.
^ Jønsson, Knud A.; Fjeldså, Jon; Ericson, Per G.P; Irestedt, Martin (2007). "Systematic placement of an enigmatic Southeast Asian taxon Eupetes macrocerus and implications for the biogeography of a main songbird radiation, the Passerida". Biology Letters. 3 (3): 323–326. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2007.0054. PMC 2464695. PMID 17347105.
^ Round, Philip D.; Hansson, Bengt; Pearson, David J; Kennerley, Peter R.; Bensch, Staffan (2007). "Lost and found: the enigmatic large-billed reed warbler Acrocephalus orinus rediscovered after 139 years". Journal of Avian Biology (Abstract). 38 (2): 133. doi:10.1111/j.2007.0908-8857.04064x.
^ Humphrey, Stephen R.; Bain, James R. (1990). Endangered Animals of Thailand. CRC Press. pp. 228–9. ISBN 1-877743-07-0.
^ Gill, F. and D. Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v 9.2). Doi 10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/ retrieved 22 June 2019.

Lepage, Denis. "Thailand bird checklist". Bird Checklists of the World. Avibase. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
Clements, James F. (2000). Birds of the World: A Checklist. Cornell University Press. p. 880. ISBN 0-934797-16-1.

External links

Birdwatching in Thailand
Waders of Thailand (photos)
Birds of Thailand field guide published by Lynx Edicions

[Lepage-1] Lepage, Denis (22 December 2019). "Checklist of Birds of Thailand". Bird Checklists of the World. Avibase. Retrieved 3 February 2020.

[Lekagul-2] Lekagul, Boonsong; Round, Philip (1991). A Guide to the Birds of Thailand. Bangkok: Saha Karn Bhaet. pp. 7–19. ISBN 974-85673-6-2.

[Clements-3] Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2022. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ Retrieved 15 August 2022.

[Robson-4] Robson, Craig (2004). A Field Guide to the Birds of Thailand. New Holland. ISBN 1-84330-921-1.

[Yap-5] Yap, Charlotte A. M.; Sodhi, Navjot S. (2004). "Southeast Asian invasive birds: ecology, impact and Management" (PDF). Ornithological Science. 3 (1): 57–67. doi:10.2326/osj.3.57.

[6] Insee, Jiranan; et al. (February 2014). "1 February 2014 PCR-based Method for Sex Identification of Eastern Sarus Crane (Grus antigone sharpii): Implications for Reintroduction Programs in Thailand". Zoological Science. 31 (2): 95–100. doi:10.2108/zsj.31.95.

[speciessheet-7] "Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus". Species factsheet. BirdLife International. Retrieved 2008-03-06.

[8] BirdLife International. (2017). "Gyps bengalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T22695194A118307773. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22695194A118307773.en. Retrieved 9 May 2021.

[9] BirdLife International. (2018). "Haliaeetus leucoryphus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22695130A131934599. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22695130A131934599.en. Retrieved 7 April 2021.

[Pitta-10] "Gurney's Pitta - BirdLife Species Factsheet". BirdLife International. Retrieved 2008-05-14.

[11] Jønsson, Knud A.; Fjeldså, Jon; Ericson, Per G.P; Irestedt, Martin (2007). "Systematic placement of an enigmatic Southeast Asian taxon Eupetes macrocerus and implications for the biogeography of a main songbird radiation, the Passerida". Biology Letters. 3 (3): 323–326. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2007.0054. PMC 2464695. PMID 17347105.

[Round2007-12] Round, Philip D.; Hansson, Bengt; Pearson, David J; Kennerley, Peter R.; Bensch, Staffan (2007). "Lost and found: the enigmatic large-billed reed warbler Acrocephalus orinus rediscovered after 139 years". Journal of Avian Biology (Abstract). 38 (2): 133. doi:10.1111/j.2007.0908-8857.04064x.

[Humphrey-13] Humphrey, Stephen R.; Bain, James R. (1990). Endangered Animals of Thailand. CRC Press. pp. 228–9. ISBN 1-877743-07-0.

[IOC-14] Gill, F. and D. Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v 9.2). Doi 10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/ retrieved 22 June 2019.

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