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Margin Call

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For other uses, see Margin call (finance).

Margin Call
Theatrical release poster
Directed byJ. C. Chandor
Written byJ. C. Chandor
Produced by
Starring
CinematographyFrank DeMarco
Edited byPete Beaudreau
Music byNathan Larson
Production
companies
Distributed by
Release dates
  • January 25, 2011 (2011-01-25) (Sundance)
  • October 21, 2011 (2011-10-21) (United States)
Running time
109 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$3.5 million
Box office$19.5 million[1]

Margin Call is a 2011 American drama film written and directed by J. C. Chandor in his feature directorial debut. The principal story takes place over a 24-hour period at a large Wall Street investment bank during the initial stages of the 2007–2008 financial crisis.[2][3][4] It focuses on the actions taken by a group of employees during the subsequent financial collapse.[5] The title comes from a finance term for when an investor must increase the securities or other assets used as collateral for a loan when their value falls below a certain threshold. The film stars an ensemble cast consisting of Kevin Spacey, Paul Bettany, Jeremy Irons, Zachary Quinto, Penn Badgley, Simon Baker, Mary McDonnell, Demi Moore, and Stanley Tucci.

The film was produced by the production companies Myriad Pictures, Benaroya Pictures and Before the Door Pictures (first to sign on, and owned by Zachary Quinto). It was also produced in association with Washington Square Films. Theatrically, it was commercially distributed by Lionsgate and Roadside Attractions in North America, with Myriad distributing the film internationally through independent distributors elsewhere. The director and screenwriter, J. C. Chandor, is himself the son of an investment banker; the screenplay was partially informed by Chandor's own foray into real estate investments in New York City shortly before the financial crash.[2][6] Preceding its theatrical release, Margin Call was met with positive critical reviews. Following its wide release in theaters, the film garnered award nominations from the Detroit Film Critics Society, along with several separate nominations for its screenplay and direction from recognized award organizations, including a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. The score was composed by musician Nathan Larson.

The film made its premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 25, 2011, and opened in theaters nationwide in the United States on October 21, 2011. Though it grossed just $5.4 million in domestic ticket sales from 199 theaters, the film had a ground-breaking day-and-date release that earned more than $10 million in video-on-demand sales. The DVD and Blu-ray editions of the film were released in the United States on December 20, 2011.

Plot

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In 2008, an unnamed investment bank begins laying off a large number of employees. Among those affected is Eric Dale, head of risk management. Dale's attempts to speak about the implications of a model he is working on are ignored. On his way out, he gives a flash drive containing his work to Peter Sullivan, an associate in his department, warning him to "be careful." Sullivan, intrigued, works after hours to complete Dale's model.

Sullivan discovers that the assumptions underpinning the firm's present risk profile are wrong; historical volatility levels in mortgage-backed securities are being exceeded, which means that the firm's position in those assets is over-leveraged and the debt incurred from those over-leveraged assets will bankrupt the company. Sullivan calls his colleague, Seth Bregman, to return to work with the head of credit trading, Will Emerson. Emerson in turn summons Sam Rogers, his boss, after reviewing Sullivan's findings. Attempts by the four to contact Dale end unsuccessfully due to his company phone having been shut off. Sullivan and Bregman go out to find Dale, while Rogers and Emerson inform the company's senior management of the situation.

A subsequent meeting of division head Jared Cohen, chief risk management officer Sarah Robertson, and other senior executives concludes that Sullivan's findings are accurate, and firm CEO John Tuld is called. Upon Tuld's arrival, and after Sullivan explains the problem, Rogers, Cohen, and Tuld spar regarding a course of action: Cohen's plan, favored by Tuld, is a fire sale of the problematic assets. Rogers disagrees, pointing out that the sale will damage the firm's relationships and reputation within the industry and will cause major instability in the markets. Tuld stresses that his desire to avoid the firm's bankruptcy is worth that risk and the cost.

After the meeting with Tuld, Emerson is informed by Dale's wife that he has returned home. Emerson travels to Dale's residence with Bregman and attempts to persuade him to return to the firm, but he refuses. During the drive back, Bregman asks if he will lose his job; Emerson responds that he likely will, but, philosophizing on the nature of the financial markets, tells him not to lose faith, and that his work is necessary.

Tuld tells Robertson that he will assign the blame to her in front of the traders and the board of directors; Robertson argues that she warned Tuld and Cohen about the situation over a year ago, and that both Tuld and Cohen acknowledged the risks, but fails to persuade him. Meanwhile, Eric Dale is bribed and forced into cooperating with Cohen's plan, with the firm threatening to cut his benefits and severance if he refuses. He spends the day commiserating with Robertson.

Despite his misgivings, Rogers rallies his traders and informs them of the fire sale. He acknowledges the damage likely to be done to their reputations and careers, but informs them that they will be well compensated with 7-figure bonuses if most of the traders' assigned assets are sold by day's end. As trading progresses, the firm elicits suspicion and eventually anger from their counterparties and incurs heavy losses, but they are able to sell off most of the bad assets.

Another round of layoffs begins; Rogers, upon finding out that he was spared, confronts Tuld and submits his resignation. Tuld dismisses Rogers' view of the situation by recalling past economic crises, arguing that such events always happen and that Rogers should not feel guilty for acting in his and the firm's interests. Tuld asks Rogers to stay on for two more years and Rogers reluctantly accepts, citing his personal financial need. Tuld also informs Rogers that Sullivan is going to be promoted.

The film ends with Rogers burying his euthanized dog in his ex-wife's front yard during the night.

Cast

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Production

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Principal photography began on June 21, 2010, in New York City, and was shot in just 17 days.[3] More than 80% of the action was shot on the 42nd floor of One Penn Plaza, which had recently been vacated by a trading firm.[7][8]

The film premiered at the 2011 Sundance Film Festival in Park City, Utah. The film also played In Competition at the 61st Berlin International Film Festival and was nominated for the Golden Bear.[9][10] The film was produced by Zachary Quinto's production company, Before the Door Pictures, by Quinto and his two producing partners and Carnegie Mellon University classmates, Neal Dodson and Corey Moosa.[11]

Reception

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Critical response

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On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 87% of 170 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7.2/10. The website's consensus reads: "Smart, tightly wound, and solidly acted, Margin Call turns the convoluted financial meltdown of '08 into gripping, thought-provoking drama."[12] Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 76 out of 100, based on 38 critics, indicating "generally favorable" reviews.[13]

The New Yorker film critic David Denby said it was "easily the best Wall Street movie ever made".[14] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film three and half stars out of four, and said: "Margin Call employs an excellent cast who can make financial talk into compelling dialogue."[15] A. O. Scott of The New York Times wrote: "It is hard to believe that Margin Call is Mr. Chandor’s first feature. His formal command – his ability to imply far more than he shows or says and to orchestrate a large, complex drama out of whispers, glances, and snippets of jargon – is downright awe inspiring."[16] In 2022, Bloomberg News financial columnist Matt Levine said that Margin Call was "the best finance movie".[17]

Box office

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Margin Call grossed $5.4 million domestically (United States and Canada), and $14.2 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $19.5 million, against a budget of $3.5 million.[18]

Themes

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Roger Ebert wrote: "I think the movie is about how its characters are concerned only by the welfare of their corporations. There is no larger sense of the public good. Corporations are amoral, and exist to survive and succeed, at whatever human cost. This is what the Occupy Wall Street protesters are angry about: They are not against capitalism, but about Wall Street dishonesty and greed. ... [The cast] reflects the enormity of what is happening: Their company and their lives are being rendered meaningless."[15] A. O. Scott wrote: "Margin Call is a thriller, moving through ambient shadows to the anxious tempo of Nathan Larson’s hushed, anxious score. It is also a horror movie, with disaster lurking like an unseen demon outside the skyscraper windows and behind the computer screens. It is also a workplace comedy of sorts. The crackling, syncopated dialogue and the plot, full of reversals and double crosses, owe an obvious debt to David Mamet’s profane fables of deal-making machismo. Hovering over all of it is the dark romance of capital: the elegance of numbers; the kinkiness of money; the deep, rotten, erotic allure of power."[16]

Although the film does not depict any real Wall Street firm, and the fictional firm is unnamed, the plot has similarities to some events during the 2008 financial crisis: Goldman Sachs similarly moved early to hedge and reduce its position in mortgage-backed securities, at the urging of two employees,[19] which essentially mirrors Tuld's comment about the advantage of moving first. Lehman Brothers moved second and went bankrupt. John Tuld's name is said to be a combination of Merrill Lynch's ex-CEO John Thain and Lehman Brothers' ex-CEO Richard Fuld.[20]

Accolades

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Awards Group Category Recipient Result
Academy Awards[21][22] Best Original Screenplay J. C. Chandor Nominated
Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts[23] Best Film – International J. C. Chandor, Neal Dodson, Zachary Quinto Nominated
Best Direction – International J. C. Chandor Nominated
Best Screenplay – International Won
Casting Society of America[24] Outstanding Achievement in Casting
for a Studio or Independent Drama Feature 		Bernard Telsey, Tiffany Little Canfield Nominated
Detroit Film Critics Society[25] Best Ensemble Nominated
Independent Spirit Awards[26][27] Best First Feature J. C. Chandor, Neal Dodson, Zachary Quinto Won
Best First Screenplay J. C. Chandor Nominated
Robert Altman Award J. C. Chandor, Tiffany Little Canfield, Bernie Telsey, Penn Badgley, Simon Baker, Paul Bettany, Jeremy Irons, Mary McDonnell, Demi Moore, Zachary Quinto, Kevin Spacey and Stanley Tucci Won
National Board of Review Awards[28] Spotlight Award for Best Directorial Debut J. C. Chandor Won
Top Ten Independent Films Nominated
San Francisco Film Critics Circle Awards[29] Best Original Screenplay J. C. Chandor Won
New York Film Critics Circle Awards[30] Best First Film Won

See also

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Other films

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References

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Footnotes
  1. ^ "Margin Call". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on June 25, 2012. Retrieved August 10, 2012.
  2. ^ a b de Melker, Saskia; Brown, Jeffrey; Chandor, J. C. (October 21, 2011). "'Margin Call': Calm Before the Storm of 2008 Financial Crisis". Art Beat. PBS NewsHour. Public Broadcasting System. Archived from the original on September 3, 2019.
  3. ^ a b Dash, Eric (June 22, 2010). "Citi Goes Hollywood for Spacey and Crew". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 29, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2010.
  4. ^ Fleming, Mike (September 13, 2010). "Margin Call Director J.C. Chandor Snags Big Warner Bros Writing Gig From DiCaprio". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on October 18, 2010. Retrieved October 6, 2010.
  5. ^ Kit, Borys (June 15, 2010). "Simon Baker, Paul Bettany eye indie drama". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on June 23, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2010.
  6. ^ Writer, W. JACOB PERRY, Staff (September 30, 2011). "Ridge High grad directs new Hollywood thriller". New Jersey Hills. Archived from the original on April 9, 2018. Retrieved September 23, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ Wallace, Benjamin (October 16, 2011). "What's Up, Spock?: He might be a famous Vulcan, but Zachary Quinto has no problem being fully human". New York. Archived from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved April 17, 2020.
  8. ^ Chesto, Jon. "Director of "Margin Call" didn't need a big budget to depict Wall Street's mortgage meltdown". WickedLocal.com. Archived from the original on October 25, 2011. Retrieved November 4, 2011.
  9. ^ "The Competition of the 61st Berlinale". Berlinale. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved January 20, 2011.
  10. ^ "Spacey, Moore and 3D in focus at Berlin film fest". Yahoo News. Archived from the original on April 6, 2012. Retrieved January 20, 2011.
  11. ^ "Before The Door". beforethedoor.com. 2015. Archived from the original on June 1, 2015. Retrieved May 24, 2015.
  12. ^ "Margin Call". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved October 10, 2023. Edit this at Wikidata
  13. ^ "Margin Call". Metacritic. Fandom, Inc. Retrieved October 10, 2023.
  14. ^ Denby, David (October 21, 2011). "All That Glitters". The New Yorker. Condé Nast. Archived from the original on November 13, 2013. Retrieved April 23, 2018.
  15. ^ a b Ebert, Roger (October 19, 2011). "Margin Call". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2015 – via RogerEbert.com.
  16. ^ a b Scott, A. O. (October 21, 2011). "Margin Call with Zachary Quinto Review". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 24, 2018. Retrieved April 23, 2018.
  17. ^ Levine, Matt (November 16, 2022). "FTX Creates Crypto Contagion". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on November 16, 2022. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
  18. ^ "Margin Call". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved October 10, 2023.Edit this at Wikidata
  19. ^ Alloway, Tracey (December 10, 2010). "Goldman's uneasy subprime short". The Financial Times. Archived from the original on May 21, 2015. Retrieved May 24, 2015.
  20. ^ La Roche, Julia (October 24, 2011). "The Director Of 'Margin Call' Reveals The Event That Inspired The Film". Business Insider. Archived from the original on March 29, 2021. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
  21. ^ Cheney, Alexandra (January 24, 2012). "Why a Film About the Financial Crisis Scored an Oscar Nod". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 7, 2021.
  22. ^ "The 84th Academy Awards | 2012". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. February 26, 2012. Archived from the original on October 8, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2012.
  23. ^ "AACTA Awards winners and nominees" (PDF). Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts (AACTA). January 31, 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 23, 2016. Retrieved February 4, 2012.
  24. ^ "Casting Society of America Announces Artios Awards Nominees". The Hollywood Reporter. August 20, 2012. Archived from the original on July 9, 2023. Retrieved October 10, 2023.
  25. ^ Daniels, Ruth (December 16, 2011). "Best of 2011 Nominations and Winners!" (Press release). Detroit Film Critics Society. Archived from the original on January 22, 2012. Retrieved October 10, 2023.
  26. ^ Jensen, Jeff (February 25, 2012). "Spirit Awards: 'The Artist' wins best picture". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 10, 2023.
  27. ^ Knegt, Peter; Greene, Steve (November 29, 2011). ""Take Shelter" and "The Artist" Lead Spirit Award Nominations". IndieWire. Archived from the original on October 11, 2023. Retrieved October 10, 2023.
  28. ^ Corliss, Richard (December 1, 2011). "Year-End Awards: National Board of Review Says 'We Go with Hugo'". Time. Archived from the original on December 5, 2011. Retrieved December 12, 2011.
  29. ^ Pond, Steve (December 11, 2011). "San Francisco film critics pick "Tree of Life"". Reuters. TheWrap. Archived from the original on December 13, 2011. Retrieved December 12, 2011.
  30. ^ Knegt, Peter (November 29, 2011). ""The Artist" Leads New York Film Critics' Circle Awards". IndieWire. Archived from the original on October 11, 2023. Retrieved October 10, 2023.
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