Jump to content

November 1978

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
<< November 1978 >>
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
01 02 03 04
05 06 07 08 09 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30  
November 18, 1978: More than 900 people become victims of mass murder-suicide at compound of the Jonestown cult
November 27, 1978: San Francisco Mayor George Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk assassinated by former city supervisor

The following events occurred in November 1978:

November 1, 1978 (Wednesday)

[edit]
  • After the invasion of Tanzania by Uganda's army, Ugandan President Idi Amin issued an order annexing 710 square miles (1,800 km2) of the Tanzanian territory called the Kagera Salient, located on the other side of the Kagera River that was a boundary between the two nations.[1] In response, Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere declared a state of war and mobilized the Tanzania People's Defence Force for a full-scale conflict.
  • The explosion of a natural gas pipeline killed at least 52 people in the town of Sánchez Magallanes in the Mexican state of Tabasco, most of whom were employees of PEMEX, Mexico's government-owned petroleum and natural gas company. A spokesman for Pemex said that the gas leak had been traced to a faulty coupling on one of the pipelines linking the Pemex gas fields to Mexico City.[2]
  • Canada's Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and the premiers of all 10 of the nation's provinces agreed to start writing a constitution for Canada. Although the United Kingdom had granted full independence to Canada in the Statute of Westminster 1931, the UK still retained control over Canada's structure of government.[3]
  • Microsoft, the American computer company founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen as Micro-Soft Inc., expanded overseas with the incorporation of ASCII Corporation Ltd. by Gates and Susumu Furukawa in Japan.[4]
  • The first "plain language law" in the United States went into effect in the state of New York, directing that all consumer contracts for less than $50,000 including leases, loans and credit card agreements must be written in "a clear and coherent amnner, using words with common and everyday meanings", and allowing a fine of $50 per violation.[5]
  • Born: Jessica Valenti, American feminist writer and newspaper columnist; in New York City
  • Died: Fred DeSarro, 41, American racecar driver and hydroplane racer, died three weeks after being injured in a car accident during a practice session at the Thompson International Speedway in Connecticut.[6]

November 2, 1978 (Thursday)

[edit]
  • At 8:00 pm, the Republic of Ireland's second television channel, RTÉ 2, went on the air at 8:00 in the evening with a broadcast of the opening of the Cork Opera House, with presenter Bernadette Ní Ghallchóir speaking first to the viewers. At 8:05, Ireland's President Patrick Hillery introduced the service and live music followed.[7]
  • Soviet cosmonauts Vladimir Kovalyonok and Alexander Ivanchenkov returned to Earth on their Soyuz 29 spacecraft after having spent longer in outer space than any human beings up to that time. The two men, launched toward Salyut 6 on June 15, 1978, had been away from Earth for 139 days, 14 hours and 48 minutes, more than four an half months.[8]

November 3, 1978 (Friday)

[edit]
The flag of Dominica

November 4, 1978 (Saturday)

[edit]
  • The Presidential Records Act, changing the ownership of a U.S. President's records to the National Archives, rather than allowing former presidents to retain their business records, was signed into law by U.S. President Jimmy Carter. The law would not take effect until January 20, 1981, and included a provision allowing a delay of up to 12 years in releasing papers about sensitive cases, in order to guarantee that aides could speak candidly with the U.S. President on controversial issues.[12] The new law was enacted after former President Richard Nixon sought, after his resignation in 1974, to destroy his records as president.
  • The Solar Photovoltaic Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1978 was signed into law in the U.S. as the first federal law for developing solar power as an alternative to fossil fuels.
  • The first public dance in the People's Republic of China in more than 12 years as the International Club in Beijing hosted almost 400 people at its reception room. In 1966, when the Cultural Revolution began, music and dancing had been banned on the grounds that the two were "morally degrading" for young people in China.[13]
  • Died: Charles D. Tandy, 60, American entrepreneur and chairman of the Tandy Corporation that owned the Radio Shack chain of electronics stores, died of a heart attack while sleeping.[14]

November 5, 1978 (Sunday)

[edit]

November 6, 1978 (Monday)

[edit]
  • The People's Republic of China launched its program to eradicate illiteracy, at the time estimated to be at 25 percent, with as much as 40% for young and middle-aged people. On the proposal of the de facto leader, Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping, the State Council promulgated the "Directives on the Issues of Literacy". The decree reversed a policy that had been promoted for more than a decade during the Cultural Revolution by Zhang Chunqiao that "the whole country being illiterate is also a victory."[23]
  • The "401(k)", the most popular retirement savings plan in American history, was created by the signing into law of the Revenue Act of 1978, an amendment of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Three weeks later, an enterprising lawyer, Ted Benna, outlined the first plan to take advantage of the provisions of 26 U.S. Code § 401,[24] which permitted a delay in taxation of deferred compensation saved from employee payments.[25][26]
  • General Gholam Reza Azhari, Chief of Staff of Iran's armed forces, became the new Prime Minister of Iran as a military government was installed by the Shah in order to stop the growing Iranian Revolution.[27][28] General Azhari served for less than three months, resigning on January 2 following a heart attack, and he fled the country before the Islamic Republic of Iran was declared.[29]
  • The New York Times and New York City's most popular morning paper, the tabloid Daily News, resumed publication after having been closed because of a strike on August 10.[30][31] The Daily News came back with a 192-page issue and the Times a 96-page return print, with both printing fewer copies than they had before the strike.[32]
  • Born: Jolina Magdangal, Filipino singer and actress styled the "Queen of Philippine Pop Culture"; in Quezon City[33]
  • Died: U. E. Baughman (Urbanus Edmund Baughman), 73, Chief of the United States Secret Service from 1948 to 1961, author of the memoir Secret Service Chief[34]

November 7, 1978 (Tuesday)

[edit]
  • Elections were held in the United States for all 435 seats of the U.S. House of Representatives and for 33 of the 100 seats in the U.S. Senate.[35] Although the Democrats retained their majority in both houses of Congress, their Senate majority over the Republicans decreased from 61-38 to 58-41, and in the House from 292-143 to 277-157.[36]
  • Municipal elections were held in Israel for mayors and council members of cities. Teddy Kollek, mayor of Jerusalem, won a fourth term by an overwhelming vote and his Labor Party retained control of the city council.[37]
  • By order of the Shah of Iran, 60 current and former officials of the SAVAK secret police agency were arrested, including directors Nematollah Nassiri and Hassan Pakravan, as well as former Prime Minister Amir-Abbas Hoveyda.[38] The group of officials remained in prison as the Iranian Revolution as the Shah fled the country and installed the Ayatollah Khomeini took power as the de facto leader, and were all tried and executed in 1979 by the new Islamic Republic.
  • Two days after telling a nationwide TV audience that "I have heard the voice of your revolution," the Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, ordered the release of all political prisoners.[39]
  • Born:
  • Died: Gene Tunney, 80, American heavyweight boxer, world champion from 1926 to 1928[42]

November 8, 1978 (Wednesday)

[edit]

November 9, 1978 (Thursday)

[edit]
  • The Chicago television station WGN-TV, Channel 9 on VHF television in the Illinois city, became the second TV broadcaster to use satellite transmission to reach cable systems across the United States as a "superstation" after its signal was uploaded to a transponder on the Satcom-3 communications satellite and beamed down to subscribing cable systems.
  • The Labour Party government of British Prime Minister James Callaghan survived a vote of no confidence in the House of Commons with 300 members expressing no confidence in Callaghan and his cabinet of ministers, and 312 in support. If Callaghan had lost, he would have been forced to call new elections.[48]
  • Born:
  • Died: Miguelito Valdés, 66, Cuban singer nicknamed "Mr. Babalú", suffered a fatal heart attack while performing a concert onstage at the Salon Monserrate at the Hotel Tequendama in Bogotá in Colombia.[51]

November 10, 1978 (Friday)

[edit]
  • The Electronic Fund Transfer Act was signed into law by U.S. President Carter. Among other things, it limited a credit card holder's liability to $50 if the card was stolen and the bank was notified within two business days, and no more than $500 if notification was made between 3 and 59 days.[52]
  • Mommie Dearest, the first major "tell-all" celebrity biography as Christina Crawford's account of an abusive upbringing by her mother, film actress Joan Crawford, was officially released by William Morrow and Company. Even before the publication date, however, thousands of copies had already appeared in bookstores.[53]
  • Dan White, a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors for District 8 since January, resigned in protest over low pay and his disagreement with Mayor George Moscone and with other Supervisors.[54] Four days later, White asked Moscone for his job back.[55] Mayor Moscone told the press on November 21 that he would make a decision on whom to appoint supervisor on Monday, November 27 and added "Dan White doesn't have any more of an inside track than six or seven other candidates."[56]
  • The film Faces of Death, a documentary by John Alan Schwartz, known for using newsreel footage of human deaths and some dramatizations, was released in cinemas across the U.S., and would later become a popular videocassette rental.[57]
  • Born:

November 11, 1978 (Saturday)

[edit]
  • A meeting to prepare for a plan to overthrow the government of Spain and to restore military rule was convened by the coup leaders, Lieutenant-Colonel Antonio Tejero of Spain's Guardia Civil and Major Ricardo Sáenz de Ynestrillas of the Armed Police Corps, at the Galaxia Cafeteria in Madrid. Codenamed "Operation Galaxia", the coup d'etat was set for November 17, a date chosen because King Juan Carlos would be out of the country on a visit to Mexico, and a large number of generals would be in Madrid to observe the third anniversary of the death of the late president, Generalissimo Francisco Franco. Under the plan, 200 members of the Armed Police would kidnap Prime Minister Adolfo Suarez, halt Spain's transition to democracy and set up a "Government of National Salvation" lead by Tejero. Officers Manuel Vidal Francés, Joaquín Rodríguez Solano and José Luis Alemán intervened of the Spanish Army infantry were present at the meeting and Vidal informed the government of the conspiracy. The coup plotters were arrested the next day.[60][61][62]
  • On the day before it was scheduled to be demolished by implosion,[63] the 9-story Connor Hotel in Joplin, Missouri, collapsed without warning while three demolition experts were inside.[64] Two men, Thomas Oaks and Frederick Coe, were killed. A survivor, Alfred Sommers, was buried alive in the rubble but rescued after three days.[65]
  • Died: Jack Gardner, 52, British boxer and former heavyweight champion of Europe, died of a brain tumor.[66]

November 12, 1978 (Sunday)

[edit]
  • Uruguayan activist Lilián Celiberti, her partner Universindo Rodríguez, and their young son and daughter were kidnapped from their home in Brazil by Uruguayan agents, and taken back to Uruguay.[67] With the consent of the Brazilian military government as part of the Operation Condor agreement, the agents came to Celiberti's home in Porto Alegre and took her and her family out of the country. Once in Uruguay, the children were placed with Celiberti's parents and she and Rodriguez were imprisoned for the next five years. A pair of Brazilian journalists alerted the Brazilian news magazine Veja of the kidnapping. Because of the publicity, Celiberti and Rodriguez were the only two out of 200 kidnapped Uruguayan dissidents to survive, while the others "disappeared" and were not seen in public again.
  • The Communist nation of Albania reported that all but one of the nation's registered voters had shown up to vote on approval of the 250 parliamentary candidates of the Fronti Demokratik i Shqipërisë. According to the government, out of 1,436,289 registered, 1,436,288 reportedly voted and 1,436,285 of the votes were valid, while 3 were rejected.[68]
  • Born: Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy, Pakistani journalist, activist and filmmaker, winner of two Academy Awards for Best Documentary Short film and three International Emmy Awards for her documentaries; in Karachi

November 13, 1978 (Monday)

[edit]
  • The Einstein Observatory, the first fully imaging X-ray telescope to be sent into outer space, was launched into orbit from Cape Canaveral in the United States at 12:24 in the morning local time (05:24 UTC). HEAO-2, the second High Energy Astronomy Observatory Program. Unlike HEAO 1, which conducted "sky survey" searches to locate astronomical bodies emitting x-ray radiation, the Einstein spacecraft conducted detailed observations of particular sources.[69] Only five days after its launch, HEAO-2 returned its first major data, an image of x-rays emanating from the edge of what was believed by astronomers to be a black hole at the Cygnus X-1 star system, 6,000 light years from Earth.[70]
  • Born: Beatrice Hsu Wei-lun, Taiwanese actress and singer; in Taipei (killed in automobile accident, 2007)

November 14, 1978 (Tuesday)

[edit]
  • U.S. Congressman Leo J. Ryan of California arrived in Guyana with a group of reporters, investigators and concerned relatives to check on reports that Americans were being held against their will at the Jonestown compound of the Peoples Temple Agricultural Project, a religious cult founded by Jim Jones.[71] Ryan was leading a delegation from the International Relations Committee of the U.S. House of Representatives, and told reporters "I am going in response to constituent requests. I'll be talking with the Guyanese government and the U.S. Embassy. And I'd like to talk to Mr. Jones."[72][73] Congressman Ryan and NBC News reporter Don Harris would not return alive after traveling to the Jonestown compound.

November 15, 1978 (Wednesday)

[edit]
  • The crash of Loftleithir Flight 001 killed 183 of the 262 people on board, almost all of them Muslims who were returning to Indonesia after completing the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca.[74] The Douglas DC-8 had departed from the Jeddah in Saudi Arabia and was approaching Colombo in Sri Lanka for refueling. After being cleared for landing, the crew underestimated the distance to the runway and crashed into a plantation 3 miles (4.8 km) short of the runway threshold.[75]
  • Elections were held in Brazil for all 422 seats of the Câmara dos Deputados and for 23 of the 69 seats of the Senado Federal, the last to be held under the two party system, which allowed the government-sponsored ARENA Party (Aliança Renovadora Nacional) and the opposition MDB (Movimento Democrático Brasileiro). With the increase of Chamber seats from 364 to 422 since 1974, the ruling ARENA Party won a 231 to 191 majority.[76]
  • Died: Margaret Mead, 76, American cultural anthropologist and feminist[77][78]

November 16, 1978 (Thursday)

[edit]
  • Rhodesia's 42-member biracial government, 21 white cabinet ministers and 21 black cabinet ministers for the same posts, voted to postpone elections for a black majority legislature until April 20, rescinding the March 3 internal agreement to choose a black government before the end of the year. A spokesman said that the group determined that the new constitution would not be ready until 1979. Voting to approve the constitution was set for January 30, with the white-dominated Rhodesian Parliament to be dissolved on March 8, with nominations to be made by March 23 for a new 100-member parliament with 72 black and 28 white seats.[79]
  • The annual Miss World pageant was held at Royal Albert Hall in London with contestants from 68 nations and territories. Miss Argentina, Silvana Suárez, who appeared as a replacement for the original Argentine pageant winner, Margarita Susana Heindrycks, won the competition and was crowned Miss World. Ossie Carlsson, Miss Sweden, was the 1st runner-up.
  • The Society of Behavioral Medicine, was formed as a multidisciplinary organization in Chicago following the 1977 Yale Conference on Behavioral Medicine.[80]
  • The Pioneer Venus Multiprobe, which was launched by the U.S. toward the planet Venus on August 8, with four atmospheric probes, began splitting into its components, with the largest of the probes separating from the satellite bus.[81] The remaining three smaller probes separated on November 20, and all four probes would and the bus would enter the atmosphere of Venus on December 9.
  • Serial killer Charles Manson, sentenced to life imprisonment for the deaths of nine people, appeared for his first parole hearing before the California Board of Parole Hearings.[82] Manson was transported from the Folsom State Prison California Medical Facility in Vacaville to appear before the Board, which declined to grant him parole.
  • Born: Santiago Peña, President of Paraguay since 2023, former Minister of Finance 2015 to 2017; in Asunción[83]

November 17, 1978 (Friday)

[edit]
  • The Parliament of Denmark voted to grant Greenland self-government, with elections to take place in April 1979 and home rule rights to begin May 1 with the inauguration of an autonomous government. Denmark had governed Greenland, the world's largest island 840,000 square miles (2,200,000 km2) with a small population of 48,000 people, primarily of Inuit descent, for more than 250 years.[84]
  • The first body piercing shop, The Gauntlet, was opened by Jim Ward and Doug Malloy, at a storefront in West Hollywood, California.Voss, Brandon (2007-10-09). "Father Knows Best". The Advocate. Retrieved 2007-11-25.
  • The Star Wars Holiday Special was shown on television for the first and only time, appearing on the CBS television network in the U.S. on the Friday before Thanksgiving Day, and on the CTV network in Canada. The videotaped program reunited Star Wars actors Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Anthony Daniels, Peter Mayhew and James Earl Jones, with guest appearances by Beatrice Arthur, Art Carney, Harvey Korman, and singer Diahann Carroll and the band Jefferson Starship in hologram form.[85][86][87]
  • The kidnapping and murder of four young employees of a Burger Chef restaurant in the U.S. took place in Speedway, Indiana in what appeared at first to be the theft of $581 from a safe.[88] The bodies of the four people— a 20-year old assistant manager, an 18-year-old woman and two 16-year-old boys— were found two days later in a wooded area. No photos had been taken inside the restaurant after the crime or before the rooms were cleaned up, destroying any evidence.[89] The crime has never been solved.[90]
  • Born:
  • Died:
    • Claude Dauphin, 75, French stage and film actor, died after collapsing from an internal occlusion.[92]
    • Thomas King Forcade, 33, American journalist and marijuana rights activist who founded the magazine High Times in 1974, died one day after shooting himself in the head.[93]

November 18, 1978 (Saturday)

[edit]
Reverend Jim Jones
Congressman Leo Ryan
  • In Guyana, Jim Jones led his Peoples Temple cult in a mass murder–suicide in his commune, Jonestown, that claimed 909 of them at Jonestown itself, including over 270 children.[94][95][96][97] U.S. Representative Leo J. Ryan of California had arrived at Port Kaituma the previous afternoon, along with his assistant Jackie Speier; the Deputy Chief of Mission of the U.S. Embassy to Guyana, Richard Dwyer; and Neville Annibourne of the Guyana's Ministry of Information, and the group had spent the night.[98] At 5:10 p.m., two airplanes arrived at Port Kaituma to take the entourage and several defectors back to Georgetown in Guyana. Ten minutes later, a group of the Peoples Temple security guards arrived and shot the group preparing to board a 19-seat Twin Otter airplane. Five group members were killed, including Congressman Ryan (who was shot 20 times), NBC News reporter Don Harris and cameraman Bob Brown, San Francisco Examiner photographer Greg Robinson and one of the Temple defectors, Patricia Parks. Another nine were wounded.[99] Afterward, Jones gathered the Peoples Temple members and their families and urged his group to commit "revolutionary suicide".[100] A large tub of Flavor Aid drink, laced with cyanide, was then prepared for Temple members and their families to drink while the security guards ringed the camp to keep people from leaving.[101] Jones then shot himself. Ryan's chief advisoer, Joe Holsinger, told reporters one month later that Ryan had never expected to be allowed to enter Jonestown and that "He expected to get up to the gates and be turned back. The press would be there to record everything. Then Leo planned to call for a full congressional investigation."[102] Five years after his death, on November 18, 1983, Congressman Ryan be awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and remains the only member of the U.S. Congress to be killed in the line of duty.[103]
  • The ocean landing of an Air Guadeloupe flight killed 15 of the 20 people aboard. The Twin Otter 300 airplane was approaching the island of Marie Galante after its departure from the Pointe-à-Pitre airport on the island of Grande-Terre, and was within two miles of landing when it struck the ocean and then sank in waters 40 feet (12 m) deep.[104][105]
  • Born:
    • Damien Johnson, Northern Irish footballer with 56 caps for the Northern Ireland national team
    • Aldo Montano, Italian fencer and 2004 Olympic gold medalist in the individual sabre competition; in Livorno[106]

November 19, 1978 (Sunday)

[edit]

November 20, 1978 (Monday)

[edit]

November 21, 1978 (Tuesday)

[edit]
An illustration of L1 relative to the Sun and the Earth
  • One day after it was launched, ISEE-3, the third in the U.S. series of International Sun-Earth Explorer satellites, became the first object from Earth to be placed at a "Lagrange point" where it was equally affected by the gravity of the Earth and of the Sun. In so doing, ISEE-3 became "the first satellite to orbit a point in space rather than a body such as the Earth, Sun or Moon."[120][121] Held in place at the L1 point, approximately 930,000 miles (1,500,000 km) ISEE-3 from Earth, confirmed that suspension between gravitational fields of two different large bodies was possible.[121]
  • All 28 people on a TAV (Taxi Aéreo El Venado) airplane in Venezuela were killed when the DC-3 crashed into Mount Judio, near Rubio, at an altitude of 11,200 feet (3,400 m). The flight had departed from Cúcuta-Camilo Daza Airport en route to Arauca-Santiago Pérez Airport.[122]
  • Died: Francesco Tricomi, 81, Italian mathematician

[123]

November 22, 1978 (Wednesday)

[edit]
  • The sinking of an overcrowded wooden fishing vessel drowned 254 Vietnamese refugees, including 60 women and 50 children, the day after the boat they were on was turned away from the Malaysian island of Pulau Bidong, north of Kuala Trengganu. Only 51 people survived the accident.[124]

November 23, 1978 (Thursday)

[edit]

November 24, 1978 (Friday)

[edit]
  • China started its experimental "household responsibility system", a departure from the communal living enforced during the Mao Zedong era, in Anhui Province.
  • Bolivia's President Juan Pereda, who had been installed on July 21, was overthrown in a bloodless coup d'etat and replaced by General David Padilla Arancibia. President Padilla said that he would only serve until August 6, 1979, and that free elections would be held at sometime during the first half of the year. The coup was the 184th in Bolivia's 153 years as an independent nation.[127]
  • Born: Katherine Heigl, American actress, 2007 recipient of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress for Grey's Anatomy; in Washington, D.C.

November 25, 1978 (Saturday)

[edit]

November 26, 1978 (Sunday)

[edit]

November 27, 1978 (Monday)

[edit]
  • San Francisco Mayor George Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk were assassinated by a disgruntled former Supervisor, Dan White.[134] White had resigned on November 10, then changed his mind on November 14 and asked for his job back. On the day that Moscone had chosen to pick from several choices (including White) for the vacant seat, the mayor informed White that another person, Don Horanzy, would fill the vacancy on the Board of Supervisors. White invited Milk, who had opposed White's reappointment, to join him in talking to Mayor Moscone at the mayor's office. A few minutes after 11:00, White shot both men to death.[135] Future U.S. Senator Dianne Feinstein, president of the Board of Supervisors, was sworn in as acting mayor[136] and then elected by the Board of Supervisors, 6 to 2, on December 4 to finish out Moscone's term.[137]
  • At the Xidan Democracy Wall in the People's Republic of China capital, Beijing, a group of 10,000 people participated in a pro-democracy rally organized by Ren Wanding and 8 other founders of the Democracy Assembly Group, and event described by a later historian as the beginning of the Democracy Wall movement.[138]
  • Ballots were counted in Japan's first, and only, primary election to determine the two out of four candidates would become the leader of the nation's ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), with the LDP President assured of becoming Prime Minister of Japan. Voting by mail was limited to people who were LDP members as of November 1, including people who had paid the membership fee in order to participate in the non-binding election that served partially as a fundraiser for the LDP. As one observer noted, "Japanese reporters discovered that some voters paid dues not only for themselves but also for their children—and even their pet dogs. Whatever names they chose to list were duly registered. No qualifications, other than paying dues, were fixed for party membership," but noted also that "Income from additional dues paid by the 1 million new members was wiped out by the cost of printing and mailing ballots."[139] The top two finishers would then be the candidates from whom the 378 ruling committee members of the LDP would pick their leader on December 1. To the surprise of Prime Minister Takeo Fukuda, more votes went to challenger Masayoshi Ohira. Fukuda announced in the evening that he would not run as a candidate for the December voting.[140]
  • The Soviet Union's ruling Communist Party announced that it removed Kirill Mazurov from his post as one of the 15 voting members of the Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Mazurov was replaced by Konstantin Chernenko, who would later serve as the General Secretary, the de facto leader of the Soviet Union.[141] At the same session of the Party's Central Committee, Mikhail Gorbachev, "a 47-year-old party functionary from the Soviet Union's agriculturally importing Sevastopol area" as a Committee Secretary;[142] Gorbachev would succeed Chernenko in 1985 as the General Secretary.

November 28, 1978 (Tuesday)

[edit]

November 29, 1978 (Wednesday)

[edit]
  • The last earthquake to be successfully forecast in advance caused major damage and killed eight people in Mexico City.[145] The 7.8 magnitude tremor struck at 11:52 in the morning and had been expected because of irregular seismic activities in the area before the main shock. Three researchers at the University of Texas— Tosimatu Matumoto, Gary Latham and Masakazu Ohtake— had pinpointed the quake within 30 miles of its actual epicenter, publishing an article in the October 1977 issue of Pure and Applied Geophysics describing a point at 16.5° N and 96.5° W as the site of a 7.5 or greater magnitude quake that "could occur at anytime."[146] Only one other earthquake, on August 1, 1975 in Oroville, California, had been expected because of similar activity.

November 30, 1978 (Thursday)

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Uganda Says It Has Seized Section of Tanzania, Declares River Is New Border". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 2, 1978. p. I-18.
  2. ^ Greenwood, Leonard (November 3, 1978). "Pipeline Explosion Kills 52 in Mexico; Score Hurt". Los Angeles Times. p. I-5.
  3. ^ Meisler, Stanley (November 2, 1978). "Canada to Study, Begin Work on Controversial Constitution". Los Angeles Times. p. I-10.
  4. ^ "Key Events in Microsoft History". Archived from the original on October 21, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2012. (DOC format)
  5. ^ "The Nation". Los Angeles Times. November 2, 1978. p. I-2.
  6. ^ "Fred DeSarro Dies Of Crash Injuries". Hartford Courant. 1978-11-02. p. 67.
  7. ^ "RTÉ 2 Opening Night (1978)". RTÉ Archives. RTÉ. November 1, 2013. Retrieved July 18, 2024.
  8. ^ Fisher, Dan (November 3, 1978). "Russ Cosmonauts End Long Space Odyssey, Land OK". Los Angeles Times. p. I-22.
  9. ^ "Caribbean Island Become Republic of Dominica". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 4, 1978. p. I-19.
  10. ^ "Soviet Union, Vietnam Sign Treaty; China Strife Cited". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 4, 1978. p. I-22.
  11. ^ Wang, Frances Yaping (2024). The Art of State Persuasion: China's Strategic Use of Media in Interstate Disputes. Oxford University Press. p. 94. ISBN 9780197757512.
  12. ^ "Bill Making Presidential Papers Public Is Signed". Los Angeles Times. UPI. November 6, 1978. p. I-4.
  13. ^ "Dancing Waltzes Back in Peking". Los Angeles Times. Reuters. November 6, 1978. p. I-9.
  14. ^ "Charles Tandy, 60, Industrialist". The New York Times. 1978-11-06. Retrieved 2017-09-18.
  15. ^ "Austrians Reject Nuclear Power In Historic Vote". Los Angeles Times. November 6, 1978. p. I-7.
  16. ^ "Kreisky Decides to Stay as Chancellor; Austrian Goes Back on Promise After Nuclear Power Referendum". Los Angeles Times. UPI. November 7, 1978. p. I-6.
  17. ^ Pelinka, Anton (1983). "The nuclear power referendum in Austria". Electoral Studies. 2 (3): 253–261. doi:10.1016/S0261-3794(83)80032-8. ISSN 0261-3794.
  18. ^ "Iran Premier Resigns as Rioting Intensifies; Mobs Burn and Sack Scores of Buildings Including Part of the British Embassy". Los Angeles Times. November 6, 1978. p. I-1.
  19. ^ "On this day. 5 November 1978: Iran's PM steps down amid riots". BBC. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
  20. ^ Aviation Safety Network
  21. ^ "Yvonne van Vlerken – profile". n.d. Archived from the original on 2008-10-16. Retrieved 2008-09-21.
  22. ^ Fotheringham, Alasdair (27 May 2011). "Xavi Tondo: Anti-doping cyclist who died just as his career was starting to take off". Obituaries. The Independent. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2024. The talented Catalan cyclist Xavi Tondo was killed in a freak domestic accident just when, at 32, he had started getting the recognition he deserved.
  23. ^ "Chinese Adult Education in Transition", by Jianliang Wang and Nat Colletta, in Chinese Education: Problems, Policies, and Prospects, Irving Epstein, ed. (Taylor & Francis, 2017)
  24. ^ "26 U.S. Code § 401 - Qualified pension, profit-sharing, and stock bonus plans", Section (k) "Cash or Deferred Arrangements", Cornell Law School
  25. ^ "About Johnson, Kendall & Johnson".
  26. ^ Olshan, Jeremy. "The inventor of the 401(k) says he created a 'monster'". MarketWatch. Retrieved 2021-02-07.
  27. ^ Schanche, Don A. (November 7, 1978). "Military Government Takes Over in Iran". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.
  28. ^ Nikazmerad, Nicholas M. (1980). "A Chronological Survey of the Iranian Revolution". Iranian Studies. 13 (1/4): 327–368. doi:10.1080/00210868008701575. JSTOR 4310346.
  29. ^ "Gholamreza Azhari, 83; Briefly Served as Iran's Prime Minister". Los Angeles Times. 18 November 2001. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  30. ^ "The Times and News Resume Publication", by Damon Stetson, The New York Times, November 6, 1978, p.1A
  31. ^ "HELLO THERE, REMEMBER US? 88-day strike ends at papers". Daily News (New York). November 6, 1978. p. 1.
  32. ^ "News-Starved Readers Snatch Up N.Y. Papers". Los Angeles Times. November 7, 1978. p. I-20.
  33. ^ "Jolina Magdangal showered with love on her 40th birthday". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
  34. ^ "Urbanus E. Baughman Jr. Dies At 73", The New York Times, November 9, 1978
  35. ^ Averill, John H.; Houston, Paul (November 8, 1978). "Democrats Keeping Big Congress Margin— GOP Pickng Up One to Three Senate Seats but Only One to Eight in House". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.
  36. ^ Clerk of the House of Representatives (1979-04-01). "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 1978" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 1, 19, 41.
  37. ^ Torgerson, Dial (November 8, 1978). "Kollek Reelcted as Mayor of Jerusalem, Turning Back Likud Coalition's Challenge". Los Angeles Times. p. I-5.
  38. ^ "Iranian Regime Arrests 35 Ex-Officials; New Military Government Moves to Quell Opposition to Shah". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 8, 1978. p. I-6.
  39. ^ Milani, Abbas (2011). A Look at the Shah. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 389. ISBN 9780230340381.
  40. ^ Ferdinand, Rio (2007) [2006]. Rio: My Story. London: Headline Publishing Group. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-7553-1533-8.
  41. ^ "Mohamed Abo Trika". soccerway.com.
  42. ^ "Ring Champion Gene Tunney Dies". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 8, 1978. p. I-1.
  43. ^ "The World". Los Angeles Times. November 9, 1978. p. I-2.
  44. ^ Watson, Elbert L. "Donald Stewart". Encyclopedia of Alabama.
  45. ^ "Moses Jamal 'Shyne' Barrow – Sworn In As New 'Leader of The Opposition'". Digital Belize Dot Live. 25 June 2021. Archived from the original on 16 December 2022. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
  46. ^ "Norman Rockwell, Painter of Americana, Dies at 84". Los Angeles Times. November 9, 1978. p. I-1.
  47. ^ "Norman Rockwell: A Brief Biography". Norman Rockwell Museum. Archived from the original on June 13, 2017. Retrieved June 25, 2017.
  48. ^ "The World". Los Angeles Times. November 10, 1978. p. I-2.
  49. ^ Birchmeier, Jason. "Sisqó > Biography". AllMusic.
  50. ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Steven Lopez". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on April 18, 2020. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
  51. ^ "Murio Miguelito Valdés",El Tiempo (Bogotá), November 9, 1978, p.1A
  52. ^ "Electronic Fund Transfers". Consumer Handbook to Credit Protection Laws. U.S. Federal Reserve. Archived from the original on August 30, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-01.
  53. ^ "'Mommie': A Story About to Happen", by Paul Rosenfeld, Los Angeles Times, October 29, 1978 "Calendar" section, page 1
  54. ^ "Mayor hunts a successor for White". San Francisco Examiner. November 11, 1978. p. 1.
  55. ^ "White changes mind— wants board job back". San Francisco Examiner. November 15, 1978. p. 4.
  56. ^ Cone, Russ (November 11, 1978). "Mayor prolongs the suspense for candidate White". San Francisco Examiner.
  57. ^ "Faces of Death: How the 'gore porn' sensation became the original viral video and gripped the world". The Independent. August 17, 2018. Archived from the original on May 17, 2019. Retrieved December 27, 2019.
  58. ^ Knight, Matthew (14 January 2015). "Nadine Angerer: The 'nobody' who became belle of the Ballon d'Or". CNN. Archived from the original on 24 June 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
  59. ^ "Adamant Eve". People. September 23, 2002.
  60. ^ "Spain Breaks Up Reported Coup Plot— Army Puts Hanful of Right-Wing Military Men and Police Under Arrest". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 19, 1978. p. I-5.
  61. ^ "Penas mínimas, de siete y seis meses y un día, para los autores de la "Operación Galaxia"" [Minimum sentences of seven years and six months and a day for the plotters of "Operation Galaxia"]. El País (in Spanish). May 8, 1980. Retrieved January 17, 2014.
  62. ^ Preston, Paul (2004). The Triumph of Democracy in Spain. Routledge. ISBN 9780203392966 – via Google Books.
  63. ^ "Connor Hotel demolition Sunday". Springfield News and Leader. November 11, 1978. p. 8A.
  64. ^ Firestone, David (November 12, 1978). "Hotel Ruins Lifted In Search for Three". The Kansas City Star. p. 1A.
  65. ^ Quick, Dowe (February 10, 2012). "Buried Alive - Return to the Connor Hotel". KOAM-TV. Archived from the original on June 11, 2015. Retrieved September 25, 2024.
  66. ^ "Jack Gardner, former champ, dies at 52". Sunday Mercury. Birmingham, England. November 12, 1978. p. 43.
  67. ^ "Falleció el ex preso político Universindo Rodríguez". Montevideo Portal (in Spanish). Retrieved 2020-08-28.
  68. ^ Dieter Nohlen and Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p.133 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  69. ^ "HEA Heritage Missions: Einstein Observatory". cfa.harvard.edu. Retrieved 27 March 2014.
  70. ^ "Possible 'Black Hole' X Rays Received". Los Angeles Times. UPI. November 19, 1978. p. I-4.
  71. ^ Reiterman, Tim; Jacobs, John (1982). Raven: The Untold Story of Rev. Jim Jones and His People. Dutton. p. 481. ISBN 978-0525241362.
  72. ^ ""Congressional mission will visit temple's outpost", by Tim Reiterman, San Francisco Examiner, November 14, 1978, p.19
  73. ^ "Junket to Jungle May Not Be Welcome". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 15, 1978. p. I-27.
  74. ^ "Nearly 200 Killed in Sri Lanka Air Crash". Los Angeles Times. November 16, 1978. p. I-14.
  75. ^ Aviation Safety Network
  76. ^ Dieter Nohlen (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II, pp.166-175 ISBN 978-0-19-928358-3
  77. ^ Powers, Charles T. (November 16, 1978). "Margaret Mead, 76, Dies; Anthropologist and Author". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.
  78. ^ "Margaret Mead, 1901–1978: A Public Face of Anthropology": brief biography, Voice of America.
  79. ^ "Rhodesia Delays Election for Black Rule Until April; Unfinished Constitution Cited". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 17, 1978. p. I-9.
  80. ^ Weiner, Irving B. (2003-01-16). Handbook of Psychology, History of Psychology. John Wiley & Sons. p. 457. ISBN 9780471383208.
  81. ^ "Pioneer Venus Project Information". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Retrieved 2016-08-17.
  82. ^ "Charles Manson Family and Sharon Tate-Labianca Murders – Cielodrive.com". Archived from the original on May 1, 2012. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
  83. ^ "La madre argentina de Santiago Peña cuenta el camino de su hijo para convertirse en presidente electo de Paraguay". La Nacion (Buenos Aires). May 2, 2023. Archived from the original on 2024-01-17.
  84. ^ "Danish Parliament Votes to Give Greenlanders Home Rule". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 18, 1978. p. I-2.
  85. ^ McKairnes, Jim (November 19, 2018). "Remembering that infamously bad 'Star Wars' holiday special, 40 years later". USA Today. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
  86. ^ Berman, John; Ted Gerstein (December 20, 2007). "Holiday Specials Gone Bad; The 'Star Wars Holiday Special' Flop Lives On". ABC News. Archived from the original on March 25, 2016. Retrieved July 17, 2019.
  87. ^ Conterio, Martyn (December 1, 2015). "May the farce be with you: the Star Wars Holiday Special they want us to forget". The Guardian. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
  88. ^ Walton, Richard D. (1978-11-19). "Police Baffled By Kidnappings". Indianapolis Star. p. 1.[permanent dead link‍]
  89. ^ Patrick T. Morrison; James G. Newland Jr. (1978-11-20). "4 Speedway Kidnap Victims Found Dead In Wooded Area". Indianapolis Star. p. 1.
  90. ^ Swan, Scott (2003). "Burger Chef murders, a 25-year-old mystery". WTHR. Archived from the original on 2020-12-13. Retrieved 2021-03-23.
  91. ^ "Celebrities you didn't know were Canadian", Los Angeles Times, January 24, 2014
  92. ^ "Actor Claude Dauphin Collapses, Dies in Paris". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 18, 1978. p. I-24.
  93. ^ "The Nation". Los Angeles Times. November 19, 1978. p. I-2.
  94. ^ "Guyana Official Reports 300 Dead at Religious Sect's Jungle Temple". The New York Times. November 20, 1978. p. A-1.
  95. ^ "300-400 Cultists Reported Dead; Mass Suicide After Ryan Murder Seen". Los Angeles Times. November 20, 1978. p. I-1.
  96. ^ Cohen, Jerry; Belcher, Jerry (November 25, 1978). "Cult's Toll Rises to at Least 775; More Bodies Found Buried Under Others". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.
  97. ^ Cohen, Jerry (November 26, 1978). "Cult Toll Tops 900; All Bodies Removed". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.
  98. ^ Reiterman & Jacobs 1982, pp. 488–490
  99. ^ "Rep. Ryan, 4 Others Reported Shot, Killed— U.S. Fact-Finding Group Attacked in Guyana, Pilot Says". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 1978. p. I-1.
  100. ^ "Jonestown Audiotape Primary Project." Archived December 5, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Alternative Considerations of Jonestown and Peoples Temple. San Diego State University.
  101. ^ "Jonestown Death Ritual Described by Survivor". Wisconsin State Journal. Associated Press. 25 November 1978. p. 1. Retrieved 10 June 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  102. ^ Freed, Ken; Drummond, Bill (December 20, 1978). "Ryan Didn't Think Jones Would Let Him Into Camp— Intended to Use Trip to Gain Publicity, Force a Wider Probe of Temple, Investigation Reveals". Los Angeles Times. p. I-2.
  103. ^ "Representative Leo Ryan of California", Historian of the U.S. House of Representatives
  104. ^ Aviation Safety Network
  105. ^ "Caribbean Air Crash Kills 15". The New York Times. November 20, 1978. p. D-12.
  106. ^ "Aldo Montano". Olympedia. OlyMADMen. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
  107. ^ "77 Killed in India Plane Crash". Los Angeles Times. November 20, 1978. p. I-2.
  108. ^ Aviation Safety Network
  109. ^ Branch, John (February 2, 2015). "How One Bad Giants Call Ended an N.F.L. Career". New York Times. Retrieved February 13, 2024.
  110. ^ Miller, Norm (November 20, 1978). "LAST-MINUTE LOSERS— Giants fall on fumble in last :20". Daily News (New York). p. 84.
  111. ^ Katz, Michael (November 20, 1978). "Jets Lose Unbelievably—20 Seconds Left As Eagles Win". The New York Times. p. C1. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
  112. ^ Forbes, Gordon (November 20, 1978). "Giant ball bounces Eagles' Way— Edwards scpres TD at 0:20 on QB fumble to salvage 19-17 win". Philadelphia Inquirer. p. 1-B.
  113. ^ "Mahé Drysdale". Olympedia. OlyMADMen. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
  114. ^ "Stevem S/ Cardmer. Fed Official, Dead". The New York Times. November 20, 1978. p. D-12.
  115. ^ "'An unpleasant business': the last Australian whale hunt", by Graham Readfearn, The Guardian, November 20, 2018
  116. ^ "Can you imagine Bob Hope on the Road to Xianggang?", Reuters report in The Gazette (Montreal), November 21, 1978, p.11
  117. ^ Mathews, Linda (December 11, 1978). "China Wants World to Join New Spelling System— Peking Becomes Beijing". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.
  118. ^ "De Chirico, Famed Painter, Dies at 90". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 21, 1978. p. I-4.
  119. ^ Dow, Hugh (1976). "A note on the Sindhi alphabet". Asian Affairs. 7 (1): 54–56. doi:10.1080/03068377608729783.
  120. ^ "New U.S. Satellite Makes Its Point By Spurning the Heavenly Bodies". Evening Journal (Wilmington DE). AP. November 22, 1978. p. 6.
  121. ^ a b "ISEE-3/ICE". Solar System Exploration. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 June 2015. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  122. ^ Aviation Safety Network
  123. ^ "Italian Mathematician Tricomi Dead at Age 81". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 22, 1978. p. I-9.
  124. ^ "200 Viet Refugees Drown as Ship, Denied Port, Sinks". Los Angeles Times. November 23, 1978. p. I-1.
  125. ^ "1978 Very Severe Cyclonic Storm NOT_NAMED (1978323N08092)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. National Centers for Environmental Information; University of North Carolina Asheville. Retrieved November 25, 2021.
  126. ^ a b Smith, Mike. "UK Radio: A Brief History - Part 3". MDS975. Archived from the original on 6 November 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  127. ^ "New Bolivia Leader Installed After Coup". Los Angeles Times. UPI. November 25, 1978. p. I-2.
  128. ^ "New Zealand Party Reelected". Los Angeles Times. November 26, 1978. p. I-2.
  129. ^ Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
  130. ^ "10 Killed in Motel Fire in Upstate N.Y.". Los Angeles Times. AP. November 27, 1978. p. I-5.
  131. ^ "Arson Blamed in 10 Fire Deaths at Inn". Los Angeles Times. AP. December 1, 1978. p. I-4.
  132. ^ Limbrick, Jim (2001). North Sea Divers – a Requiem. Hertford: Authors OnLine. pp. 157–58. ISBN 0-7552-0036-5.
  133. ^ Smart, Michael (2011). Into the Lion's Mouth: The Story of the Wildrake Diving Accident. Medford, Oregon: Lion's Mouth Publishing. pp. 348–355. ISBN 978-0-615-52838-0.
  134. ^ Endicott, William (November 28, 1978). "S.F. MAYOR GEORGE MOSCONE SLAIN— Supervisor Milk Also Killed; Ex-Board Member Held". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.
  135. ^ MOSCONE, MILK SHOT TO DEATH; Gunfire at City Hall—Supervisor White Held, by James A. Finefrock, San Francisco Examiner, November 11, 1978, p.1
  136. ^ "Feinstein takes over as mayor". San Francisco Examiner. November 11, 1978. p. 1.
  137. ^ Endicott, William (December 5, 1978). "Mrs. Feinstein Becomes Mayor of San Francisco". Los Angeles Times. p. I-3.
  138. ^ I, Mu (1986). Unofficial Documents of the Democracy Movement in Communist China 1978-1981. Stanford, California: East Asian Collection, Hoover Institution. p. 13.
  139. ^ Jameson, Sam (November 26, 1978). "Japan Strikes a (Small) Blow for Election Reform". Los Angeles Times. p. VII-5.
  140. ^ Jameson, Sam (November 28, 1978). "Japanese Liberal Assured of Prime Minister's Post". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.
  141. ^ Fisher, Dan (November 28, 1978). "Brezhnev Bloc Gains in Kremlin Shuffle". Los Angeles Times. p. I-4.
  142. ^ "Soviets Name Official From Farm Area". Los Angeles Times. November 28, 1978. p. I-4.
  143. ^ "Big crowd at night cricket". The Press (Canterbury NZ). November 29, 1978. p. 6.
  144. ^ "Mr Andre Morell - Stage, film and television actor". The Times. 1978-11-30. p. 19.
  145. ^ "2 Major Earthquakes Strike Mexico City". Los Angeles Times. November 30, 1978. p. I-1.
  146. ^ Alexander, George (November 30, 1978). "3 Researchers Last Year Forecast Mexico Quake". Los Angeles Times. p. I-1.
  147. ^ "The Red Line", in The New Grove Dictionary of Opera (Macmillan, 1997)
  148. ^ "Gael García Bernal: he plays everybody's favorite revolutionary onscreen, but he's not just playacting, Interview". Archived from the original on 29 July 2013.
  149. ^ "Kentuckian who created 'Walking Dead' comes home for a chat". Lexington Herald-Leader. Kentucky. October 26, 2012. Archived from the original on April 23, 2016. Retrieved January 25, 2016.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=November_1978&oldid=1259439311"