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Okan Buruk

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Okan Buruk
Buruk in 2012
Personal information
Full name Okan Buruk
Date of birth (1973-10-19) 19 October 1973 (age 51)
Place of birth Istanbul, Turkey
Height 1.69 m (5 ft 7 in)
Position(s) Midfielder
Team information
Current team
 Galatasaray (manager)
Youth career
1984–1991 Galatasaray
Senior career*
Years Team Apps (Gls)
1991–2001 Galatasaray 189 (33)
2001–2004 Inter Milan 24 (2)
2004–2006 Beşiktaş 43 (1)
2006–2008 Galatasaray 19 (2)
2008–2010 İstanbul Başakşehir 28 (0)
Total 304 (38)
International career
1989–1990 Turkey U16 5 (0)
1990–1992 Turkey U18 28 (4)
1992–1995 Turkey U21 13 (1)
1992–2010 Turkey 56 (8)
Managerial career
2013–2014 Elazığspor
2014–2015 Gaziantepspor
2015–2016 Sivasspor
2016–2017 Göztepe
2017–2018 Akhisarspor
2018–2019 Çaykur Rizespor
2019–2021 İstanbul Başakşehir
2022– Galatasaray
Medal record
Representing  Turkey
Men's football
FIFA World Cup
Third place 2002 Korea/Japan
*Club domestic league appearances and goals

Okan Buruk (Turkish pronunciation: [[oˈkan buɾuk]], born 19 October 1973) is a Turkish professional football manager and former player, currently serving as the manager of Süper Lig club Galatasaray. As both a player and a manager, Buruk is widely regarded for his contributions to Turkish football.

As a midfielder, Buruk enjoyed a successful playing career spanning nearly two decades. He played for prominent clubs, including Galatasaray, Inter Milan, Beşiktaş, and İstanbul Başakşehir. During his time at Galatasaray, he won six Süper Lig titles, four Turkish Cups, and was an instrumental part of the squad that won the 1999–2000 UEFA Cup, making Galatasaray the first Turkish team to achieve this milestone. He was also named Man of the Match in Galatasaray’s 2–1 victory over Real Madrid in the 2000 UEFA Super Cup.

Internationally, Buruk earned 56 caps for the Turkey national team. He represented Turkey at UEFA Euro 2000 and played a key role in the squad that won the bronze medal at the 2002 FIFA World Cup, the nation’s best-ever finish in the tournament.

As a manager, Buruk achieved notable success. He guided Istanbul Başakşehir to their first-ever Süper Lig title in the 2019–20 Süper Lig season, breaking the dominance of the league’s traditional powerhouses. His success continued with Galatasaray, where he led the team to consecutive Süper Lig titles in the 2022–23 and 2023–24 seasons. Buruk is recognized for his tactical acumen, leadership, and ability to rebuild teams into competitive units both domestically and in European competitions.

Club career

[edit]

On 1 July 1992, Buruk began his professional football career with Galatasaray, where he played until 30 June 2001. During his nine-year tenure, he won six Süper Lig titles and played a pivotal role in Galatasaray’s European successes. He was part of the team that won the 1999–2000 UEFA Cup, making Galatasaray the first Turkish club to achieve this milestone. On 25 August 2000, Okan was named Man of the Match in the 2000 UEFA Super Cup, where Galatasaray defeated Real Madrid 2–1.

In 2001, Okan Buruk, along with teammate Emre Belözoğlu, transferred to Inter Milan. On 26 August 2001, he made his Serie A debut in a match against Perugia, coming on as a substitute for Clarence Seedorf.[1] On 21 October 2001, he provided an assist to Mohamed Kallon in the Milan Derby against AC Milan, although Inter lost 4–2. On 25 September 2002, he made his UEFA Champions League debut in a home victory against Ajax. He scored his first goal for Inter on 16 November 2002, in the 89th minute, securing a 2–2 draw in an away match against Roma. Okan played for Inter until 30 June 2004, known for his relentless energy and versatility in midfield.[2]

On 21 October 2001, in the derby game against Fatih Terim's Milan, Okan made the assist to Mohamed Kallon where Inter lost their home game 4–2 against their rivals. Okan scored his first goal on the 89th minute helping his team to earn a 2–2 draw in an away game against Roma on 16 November 2002. Okan was a non-stop running player with energy; he mentioned that his former coach Hector Cuper yelled at him from the bench that he should stay at his position.

On 1 July 2004, Okan signed with Beşiktaş. During his two seasons with the club, he won the Turkish Cup on 3 May 2006, marking a significant achievement in his career. On 1 July 2006, Okan rejoined Galatasaray on a two-year contract. He was part of the squad that secured the 2007–08 Süper Lig title on 11 May 2008. However, after his contract expired on 30 June 2008, he departed from the club. On 1 July 2008, Okan signed a two-year deal with İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyespor. He continued to play professionally until his retirement.

On 22 May 2010, Okan Buruk officially retired from professional football after a friendly match against the Czech Republic in Leipzig.[3]

International career

[edit]

Okan made 56 appearances for the Turkey national team, representing the country at UEFA Euro 2000 and the 2002 FIFA World Cup. He scored Turkey's first ever Euro goal, the equaliser of Euro 2000 in a 2–1 loss to Italy in Arnhem. Okan was also part of the 2002 FIFA World Cup squad, but due to an injury he made his only appearance as a substitute in the 3–2 win against host nation South Korea in the third-place play-off.

Managerial Career

[edit]

Early years

[edit]

Club Contributions and Turkish Cup Glory

[edit]

Okan Buruk, who served as Administrative Coordinator of the Turkish national team during the Guus Hiddink era, became assistant coach in November 2011 following Abdullah Avcı’s appointment as head coach.[4] In August 2013, after Abdullah Avcı resigned, Buruk left his position with the national team. On 30 October 2013, he signed a 2-year contract with Elazığspor.[5] Starting his managerial role in the 10th week of the league, this was Buruk’s first managerial experience. However, after the team was relegated, he resigned on 2 June 2014.[6]

In the 2014–15 season, Buruk signed a 3-year contract with Gaziantepspor.[7] After finishing the season in mid-table, he terminated his contract by mutual agreement due to disagreements about the next season.[8] On 26 October 2015, Buruk signed a 1-year contract with Sivasspor after Sergen Yalçın vacated the managerial role.[9] Starting in the 10th week, Buruk resigned after achieving 2 wins, 7 losses, and 2 draws in 11 matches.[10]

In 1 June 2016, Buruk signed a 3-year contract with the TFF 1. Lig team Göztepe.[11] Following a series of poor results, he announced his resignation on 20 March 2017.[12] On 28 March 2017, Buruk replaced Tolunay Kafkas as the manager of Akhisarspor with a 1.5-year contract.[13] On 11 May 2018, Under Buruk’s management, Akhisarspor achieved a historic milestone by securing their first-ever Turkish Cup victory. In the 2017–18 Turkish Cup Final Akhisarspor defeated Fenerbahçe 3–2, marking a significant achievement for the club.[14][15] This victory not only secured the prestigious trophy but also earned Akhisarspor a spot in the group stage of the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League, allowing them to compete on the European stage for the first time in their history. Despite this success, Buruk parted ways with Akhisarspor at the end of the season due to unsuccessful contract negotiations. Reports indicate that Buruk, who was the lowest-paid manager in the Süper Lig at the time, sought a salary increase in recognition of his achievements, but an agreement could not be reached.[16]

On 19 September 2018, Buruk was appointed as the head coach of Çaykur Rizespor following the departure of İbrahim Üzülmez.[17] Under his management, the team managed to avoid relegation in the 2018–19 Süper Lig season, showcasing an impressive improvement in form during the second half of the season. On 28 May 2019, Buruk announced his departure from Çaykur Rizespor, citing personal reasons and expressing gratitude for his time at the club.[18] In a heartfelt message shared via Instagram, Buruk thanked the club, players, and supporters for their trust and support, describing his decision to leave as difficult but necessary.[19]

İstanbul Başakşehir

[edit]

Champions and European Milestones

[edit]

On 11 June 2019, Okan Buruk was appointed as head coach of Başakşehir following the departure of Abdullah Avcı.[20] In the 2019–20 season, Başakşehir adopted the slogan “New Vision, Same Goal.” After being eliminated by Olympiacos in the 2019–20 UEFA Champions League play-off, the team competed in the 2019–20 UEFA Europa League, where they were placed in Group J alongside Roma, Borussia Mönchengladbach, and Wolfsberger. Despite an initial 4–0 loss to Roma, Başakşehir topped the group with notable wins, including a 3–0 victory over Wolfsberger and a dramatic 2–1 away win against Borussia Mönchengladbach to secure first place.

In the Round of 32, Başakşehir faced Sporting CP. After losing the first leg 3–1 in Lisbon, Başakşehir mounted a surprising comeback in the second leg in Istanbul, defeating Sporting CP 4–1 after extra time, thanks to a last-minute goal by Edin Višća, to progress 5–4 on aggregate. This victory was seen as a remarkable achievement for the club in European competition.[21]

In the Round of 16, Başakşehir played Copenhagen. They won the first leg 1–0 in Istanbul with a penalty goal from Edin Višća. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe, all second-leg matches, originally scheduled for 19 March 2020, were postponed indefinitely.[22] When the competition resumed in August, the second leg in Copenhagen saw Başakşehir lose 3–0, resulting in their elimination with a 3–1 aggregate defeat.[23]

On 19 July 2020, Başakşehir were crowned champions of the Süper Lig for the first time in the club’s history under Buruk’s management.[24] They became only the sixth club in the competition’s history to win the league title and the fourth club from Istanbul to do so.

Following their domestic success, Başakşehir qualified directly for the group stage of the 2020–21 UEFA Champions League. They were placed in Group H alongside Paris Saint-Germain, RB Leipzig, and Manchester United. Despite finishing fourth in the group, Başakşehir secured a historic 2–1 home victory against Manchester United, with goals from Demba Ba and Edin Višća.[25] This win marked a significant milestone for the club.

Buruk mutually terminated his contract with Başakşehir on 29 January 2021, during the 2020–21 season, after a challenging campaign.[26]

Galatasaray

[edit]

2022–23 Season

[edit]

On 22 June 2022, Buruk returned to Galatasaray, this time as head coach.[27] He signed a two-year contract with an additional option for one more year.[28]

In his debut season, Buruk guided Galatasaray to a record-breaking 14 consecutive league wins, the longest winning streak in the club’s history.[29] Under his management, the team showcased dominant performances throughout the season, highlighted by key victories against their arch-rivals and consistent defensive solidity. Galatasaray secured the 2022–23 Süper Lig title two weeks before the end of the season, marking Buruk’s second league championship as a manager and the club’s 23rd overall. The team also finished the season with the best attacking and defensive records, scoring 83 goals and conceding just 27 across 36 matches.[30]

Additionally, Buruk’s tactical approach was praised for reviving the team’s attacking identity and incorporating young talents into the squad. His success in his first season set the foundation for Galatasaray's ambitions to compete both domestically and in European competitions.

2023–24 Season

[edit]

In the 2023–24 season, Galatasaray qualified for the group stage of the UEFA Champions League for the first time in 15 years by progressing through three preliminary rounds.[31] However, Galatasaray competed in the UEFA Champions League and finished third in Group A, which included Bayern Munich, Copenhagen, and Manchester United. Highlights included a dramatic 3–2 victory over Manchester United at Old Trafford and a thrilling 3–3 draw in Istanbul. Their group stage performance secured them a place in the UEFA Europa League knockout round play-offs.[32]

In the Europa League, Galatasaray faced Sparta Prague in the knockout round play-offs. Despite winning the first leg 3–2 at home, they suffered a 4–1 defeat in the second leg, resulting in a 6–4 aggregate loss and elimination.[33] and moved to the UEFA Europa League, where their European journey ended in the round of 16 playoffs.[34]

On 12 April 2024, Galatasaray faced their arch-rivals Fenerbahçe in the 20223 Turkish Super Cup final. The match started with Galatasaray taking the lead within the first minute as Mauro Icardi scored a goal in the 50th second. However, the match took a dramatic turn when Fenerbahçe players left the field after conceding the goal, citing disagreements with the officiating. As a result, the match was awarded to Galatasaray with a default 3–0 victory, and they were crowned Turkish Super Cup champions.[35] Buruk led Galatasaray to victory in the 2023 Turkish Super Cup, his first triumph in the competition.[36]

In the highly anticipated derby match against Fenerbahçe during the 37th week, Galatasaray had the opportunity to secure the league title. However, the team suffered a disappointing 1–0 defeat in front of their home crowd at the Rams Park. This loss delayed their chance to celebrate the championship and added pressure going into the final matchday.[37]

Despite the setback, Galatasaray bounced back in the final week of the season with a dominant 3–1 away victory against Konyaspor on 26 May 2024. With this win, the team clinched the 2023–24 Süper Lig title, their second consecutive league championship under Buruk.[38] This victory also marked Galatasaray's record-breaking 24th Süper Lig title, solidifying their status as one of Turkey’s most successful clubs.[39]

2024–25 Season

[edit]

On 7 June 2024, ahead of the 2024–25 season season Buruk signed a new two-year contract with Galatasaray, extending his tenure with the club.[40][41]

On 3 August 2024, Galatasaray faced their rivals Beşiktaş in the 2024 Turkish Super Cup final. Despite entering the match as favorites, Galatasaray suffered a heavy 5–0 defeat at the Atatürk Olympic Stadium in Istanbul. This result marked one of the club’s most significant losses in a domestic final.[42] Galatasaray’s bid to qualify for the 2024–25 UEFA Champions League group stage ended in disappointment. They faced Young Boys in the play-off round. In the first leg on 21 August 2024, Galatasaray suffered a 3–2 defeat. In the second leg on 27 August 2024, Galatasaray lost 1–0 at the Rams Park in Istanbul and were eliminated on a 4–2 aggregate.[43]

Despite early criticism following their heavy defeat to Beşiktaş and elimination from the Champions League, Galatasaray remained focused on their domestic campaign under Buruk. The setbacks served as motivation for the team to recover in the ongoing Süper Lig season.

On 21 September 2024, Galatasaray faced arch-rivals Fenerbahçe in the first derby of the 2024–25 season at the Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium in Istanbul. This match also marked the first derby for Fenerbahçe’s new manager, José Mourinho. Galatasaray delivered a commanding performance, defeating Fenerbahçe 3–1 in front of 44,514 spectators.[44] Despite a challenging start to the 2024–25 season, Galatasaray ended the first half on a high note, particularly with their strong performances in the Europa League league phase. Domestically, they bounced back with consistent performances, including a record-breaking streak of 15 consecutive away wins, continuing into the 2024–25 season.[45]

In Europe, Galatasaray remained unbeaten in the Europa League league phase, securing key victories, including a 3–2 win over Tottenham Hotspur. Their strong performances positioned them as one of the favorites heading into the knockout rounds.[46]

Personal life

[edit]

He is originally from Akçaabat, Trabzon. He married model and former Miss Turkey and Top Model of the World 2003 winner Nihan Akkuş on 3 July 2007. His brother, Fuat, was also a professional footballer and currently a coach.[47]

Career statistics

[edit]

Club

[edit]

Source:[48]

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
Club Season League National cup[a] Europe Other Total
Division Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals
Galatasaray 1991–92 1. Lig 1 2 0 0 — — 1 2
1992–93 15 0 1 0 5[b] 0 — 21 0
1993–94 2 0 0 0 2[c] 0 0 0 4 0
1994–95 20 0 5 1 2[c] 0 — 27 1
1995–96 28 1 3 0 2[b] 0 — 33 1
1996–97 16 3 1 0 3[d] 0 1[e] 0 21 3
1997–98 24 5 8 1 2[c] 0 1[e] 0 35 6
1998–99 28 11 6 0 8[c] 1 – 42 12
1999–2000 28 8 5 1 15[f] 3 – 48 12
2000–01 26 2 3 0 13[c] 0 1[g] 0 43 2
Total 188 32 31 3 52 4 3 0 274 39
Internazionale 2001–02 Serie A 7 0 1 0 3[b] 0 – 11 0
2002–03 15 2 0 0 7[c] 0 – 22 2
2003–04 3 0 2 0 4[b] 0 – 9 0
Total 24 2 3 0 14 0 – 41 2
Beşiktaş 2004–05 Süper Lig 22 0 0 0 4[b] 2 – 26 2
2005–06 21 1 3 0 5[b] 1 – 29 2
Total 43 1 3 0 9 3 – 55 4
Galatasaray 2006–07 Süper Lig 15 1 4 0 3[c] 1 – 22 2
2007–08 4 1 2 0 2[b] 0 – 8 1
Total 19 2 6 0 5 1 – 30 3
İstanbul BB 2008–09 Süper Lig 17 0 1 0 — — 18 0
2009–10 11 0 2 0 — — 13 0
Total 28 0 3 0 — — 31 0
Career total 302 37 44 3 80 8 3 0 431 48
  1. ^ Includes Turkish Cup, Coppa Italia
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Appearances in UEFA Cup
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Appearances in UEFA Champions League
  4. ^ Appearances in UEFA Cup Winners' Cup
  5. ^ a b Appearance in Turkish Super Cup
  6. ^ Eight appearances and two goals in UEFA Champions League, seven appearances and one goal in UEFA Cup
  7. ^ Appearance in UEFA Super Cup

International

[edit]

Source:[49]

Appearances and goals by national team and year
National team Year Apps Goals
Turkey 1992 1 0
1998 3 0
1999 5 0
2000 8 2
2001 9 2
2002 7 2
2003 9 1
2004 9 0
2005 4 1
2010 1 0
Total 56 8

Managerial

[edit]
As of match played 17 January 2025
Team Nat From To Record
G W D L Win %
Elazığspor Turkey 30 October 2013 2 June 2014 33 11 6 16 033.33
Gaziantepspor Turkey 1 August 2014 10 June 2015 42 15 9 18 035.71
Sivasspor Turkey 27 October 2015 8 February 2016 11 2 2 7 018.18
Göztepe Turkey 1 August 2016 22 March 2017 32 14 7 11 043.75
Akhisarspor Turkey 28 March 2017 30 June 2018 54 24 11 19 044.44
Çaykur Rizespor Turkey 24 September 2018 29 May 2019 32 11 12 9 034.38
İstanbul Başakşehir Turkey 11 June 2019 29 January 2021 79 36 18 25 045.57
Galatasaray Turkey 23 June 2022 present 127 94 18 15 074.02
Total 409 207 82 120 050.61

Honours

[edit]

Player

[edit]

Galatasaray

Beşiktaş

Turkey

Individual

Manager

[edit]

Galatasaray

İstanbul Başakşehir

Akhisarspor

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Inter Calling: Emre and Okan". Inter Milan Official Website. 5 June 2020. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
  2. ^ "Italy Round-Up: Okan Comes to Inter's Rescue". UEFA.com. 16 November 2002. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
  3. ^ "37 yaşında bıraktılar" (in Turkish). Yeni Safak. 22 May 2010. Archived from the original on 25 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  4. ^ "Abdullah Avcı era begins in the national team". Milliyet. 17 November 2011. Retrieved 4 June 2016. He served as Avcı’s assistant in 18 matches.
  5. ^ "Sollied left, Okan Buruk arrived". NTVSpor.net. 28 October 2013. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  6. ^ "Okan Buruk resigns from Elazığspor". Hürriyet. 2 June 2014. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  7. ^ "Here's Okan Buruk's new team". Sabah. 5 June 2014. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  8. ^ "Okan Buruk's contract terminated". Fanatik. 7 June 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  9. ^ "Okan Buruk era begins in Medicana Sivasspor". Anadolu Agency. 26 October 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  10. ^ "Okan Buruk resigns!". Milliyet. 6 February 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  11. ^ "Head Coach Okan Buruk Signed". Göztepe. 1 June 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  12. ^ "Okan Buruk resigns". 20 March 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
  13. ^ "Okan Buruk in Süper Lig". 23 March 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
  14. ^ "Teleset Mobilya Akhisarspor 3–2 Fenerbahçe (Match Result)". Retrieved 11 May 2018.
  15. ^ "Akhisarspor Wins 2018 Turkish Cup". Turkish Football Federation. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
  16. ^ "Akhisarspor and Okan Buruk part ways!". 14 June 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
  17. ^ "Okan Buruk era begins at Rizespor". Hürriyet. 1 October 2018. Retrieved 1 October 2018.
  18. ^ "Çaykur Rizespor'da Okan Buruk ile Yollar Ayrıldı". NTV Spor. 28 May 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
  19. ^ "Çaykur Rizespor'da Okan Buruk ile Yollar Ayrıldı". NTV Spor. 28 May 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
  20. ^ "Okan Buruk signs with Başakşehir". Retrieved 11 June 2019.
  21. ^ "Başakşehir stuns Sporting CP to reach the Round of 16". Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  22. ^ "UEFA postpones matches due to COVID-19 pandemic". Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  23. ^ "Başakşehir exits Europa League after Copenhagen loss". Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  24. ^ "Başakşehir wins Süper Lig title". Retrieved 19 July 2020.
  25. ^ "Başakşehir stuns Manchester United in Champions League". Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  26. ^ "Okan Buruk leaves Başakşehir". Retrieved 29 January 2021.
  27. ^ "Talks begin with Okan Buruk". Retrieved 22 June 2022.
  28. ^ "Official agreement with Okan Buruk". Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  29. ^ "Galatasaray sets club record with 14 consecutive wins". Hürriyet. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  30. ^ "Galatasaray crowned Süper Lig champions". NTV Spor. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  31. ^ "Galatasaray returns to Champions League group stage after 15 years". Retrieved 30 August 2023.
  32. ^ "Galatasaray stuns Manchester United in Champions League". UEFA. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  33. ^ "Galatasaray eliminated by Sparta Prague in Europa League". UEFA. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  34. ^ "Galatasaray eliminated from European competitions". Retrieved 23 February 2024.
  35. ^ "Galatasaray wins 2022–23 Turkish Super Cup". NTV Spor. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  36. ^ "Galatasaray wins 2023 Turkish Super Cup". Retrieved 12 April 2024.
  37. ^ "Galatasaray misses chance to secure title against Fenerbahçe". Anadolu Agency. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  38. ^ "Galatasaray clinches Süper Lig title with victory over Konyaspor". TRT Haber. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  39. ^ "Galatasaray crowned champions for the 24th time". Hürriyet. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  40. ^ "Okan Buruk ile yola devam!" (in Turkish). Galatasaray S.K. 7 June 2024. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
  41. ^ "Teknik Direktör Okan Buruk ile sözleşme imzalanması hakkında" (in Turkish). Galatasaray S.K. 7 June 2024. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
  42. ^ "Beşiktaş defeats Galatasaray 5–0 in Super Cup final". NTV Spor. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  43. ^ "Galatasaray eliminated by Young Boys in UCL play-offs". UEFA. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  44. ^ "Galatasaray stuns Fenerbahçe in Istanbul derby". NTV Spor. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  45. ^ "Galatasaray sets record for consecutive away wins". Anadolu Agency. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  46. ^ "Galatasaray edges Tottenham in Europa League thriller". UEFA. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  47. ^ "Alican Buruk Orhangazispor'da". 19 November 2013. Archived from the original on 19 November 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  48. ^ "Okan Buruk @ (Başakşehir FK) maçkolik.com" (in Turkish). mackolik.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2021.
  49. ^ "Okan Buruk National Football Teams" (in Turkish). national-football-teams.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2021.
  50. ^ Crouch, Terry (2002). The World Cup - The Complete History. Great Britain: Aurum Press Ltd. p. 548. ISBN 1845131495.
  51. ^ "2002 FIFA World Cup Korea/Japan™". FIFA. Archived from the original on 8 February 2022. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
  52. ^ "Korea Republic 2 – 3 Turkey". FIFA. Archived from the original on 8 February 2022. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
  53. ^ "Match Press Kit (2009)" (PDF). Union of European Football Associations. p. 18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2012.
  54. ^ "Süper Kupa, Galatasaray'ın". NTV (in Turkish). 21 September 2000. Archived from the original on 19 May 2013. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
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