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Medicinal Use

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P. incarnata is used to treat anxiety, nervousness, insomnia, asthma and ADHD. Some side effects has been reported, like dizziness, confusion and nausea [1]. Methanol extractions from the leaves has been reported to be an effective antitussive in mice [2] and are effective to treat anxiety [3] .

The plant can be used to treat Diabetes mellitus as the extractions of leaves contain high hypergylcemic activity by lowering the blood glucose level [4].

Substances

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The main substances in P. incarnata are flavonoids, but also alkaloids and other phyto-constituents can be found.

Flavonoids are the main component in P. incarnata. They can reach up to 2.5% of the total content. The greatest concentration of flavonoids has been reported to be in the leaves. Following flavonoids can be found in P. incarnata: chrysin, apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol and isovitexin [5]. The flavonoid chrysin is thought to be the main substance responsible for the sedative effect of P. incarnata. The anxiety-reducing property is caused by the binding of chrysin to GABA-Benzodiazepinreceptors [6]. Little amounts of alkaloids has been reported in P. incarnata (<0.005%). Examples for alkaloids are: harmol, harmine, harmalol [7]. Other substances existing in P. incarnata includes mono- and polysaccharids, amino acids and essential oils [8].

  1. ^ Rodriguez-Fragoso, L., Reyes-Esparza, J., Burchiel, S. W., Herrera-Ruiz, D., & Torres, E. (2008). Risks and benefits of commonly used herbal medicines in Mexico. Toxicology and Applied pharmacology, 227(1), 125-135
  2. ^ Dhawan, Kamaldeep, and Anupam Sharma. "Antitussive activity of the methanol extract of Passiflora incarnata leaves." Fitoterapia 73.5 (2002): 397-399.
  3. ^ Dhawan, K., Kumar, S., & Sharma, A. (2001). Anxiolytic activity of aerial and underground parts of Passiflora incarnata. Fitoterapia, 72(8), 922-926.
  4. ^ Gupta, R. K., Kumar, D., Chaudhary, A. K., Maithani, M., & Singh, R. (2012). Antidiabetic activity of Passiflora incarnata Linn. in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 139(3), 801-806.
  5. ^ Dhawan, K., Dhawan, S., & Sharma, A. (2004). Passiflora: a review update. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 94(1), 1-23.
  6. ^ Peter, H., & Penzel, T. (2007). Enzyklopädie der Schlafmedizin. Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokio: Springer.)
  7. ^ Dhawan, K., Dhawan, S., & Sharma, A. (2004). Passiflora: a review update. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 94(1), 1-23.
  8. ^ Krenn, L. (2006). Aktuelles über Passiflora incarnata. Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie, 27(01), 47-50.