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98

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(Official Geek census) Population of the regions of Greece in 1928, in thousands[1]
Region Total Population Number of Refugees Refugee percentage of total population
Central Greece 1,593 306 19%
Thessaly 493 35 7%
Ionian Islands 213 3 2%
Cyclades 130 5 4%
Peloponesus 1,053 28 3%
Macedonia 1,412 638 45%
Epirus 313 8 3%
Aegean Islands 308 57 18%
Crete 386 34 9%
Thrace 303 108 35%
Total Greece 6,205 1,222 20%

99

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Ottoman census of 1893, in thousands[2]
Kaza (district) Muslims Greek Orthodox Armenians Jews Foreign citizens Others Total
Izmir 79,3 53,1 6,8 14,9 51,5 1,9 207,5
Bergama 53,8 10,3 0,8 0,5 0,3 - 65,7
Seferihisar 5,6 1,3 - - - - 6,9
Foça 3,8 10,6 - 0,1 2,8 - 17,3
Urla 8,1 12,1 - 0,3 - - 20,5
Menemen 14,5 4,4 0,1 0,2 0,1 19,4
Çesme 3,7 26,8 - 0,1 - 30,7
Kusadasi 8,8 6,1 0,1 2,1 0,5 15
Tire 30,3 2,3 - 1 - 33,7
Ödemiş 53,8 3,8 1,1 58,7
Bayindir 17,9 3,1 0,2 0,1 - 21,3
Total Izmir Sanjak 279,6 133,8 9,2 17,2 54,6 2,3 496,7
Manisa 68,2 15,4 2,2 1,3 0,9 - 88,1
Turgutlu 21,4 2,9 0,5 0,7 - - 25,5
Salihli 23,7 0,7 - - - - 24,4
Gördes 30,8 0,6 - - - - 31,4
Demirci 33,7 0,1 - - - - 33,8
Kula 26 3,1 - - - - 29,1
Eşme 17,9 - - - - - 17,9
Akhisar 24 4,7 0,3 0,2 - - 29,2
Kırkağaç 16,7 2,6 0,8 0,1 0,1 - 20,3
Alasehir 25,7 2,5 - - - - 28,3
Soma 17,7 1,2 - - - - 18,9
Total Saruhan Sanjak 305,9 33,8 3,9 2,4 1,1 - 347


1

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Armenian population in Vilayets according to the Ottoman census of 1893-1914, in thousands
Year of Census Istanbul&Catalca Aydin Bursa&Bigha Trabzon Adana Izmit Ankara Konya Sivas Kastamonu Edirne Erzurum Bitlis Aleppo Diyarbekir Mameratulaziz Van Total Increase
1893 153 15 64 43 47 37 74 10 120 3 17 108 107 57 57 75 60 1,047
1906/7 63 20 82 53 50 41 98 15 148 10 26 116 95 75 51 73 59 1,075 2,7%
1914 83 20 90 66 53 55 103 19 147 12 20 135 118 90 66 84 68 1,229 14,3%

During the Balkan wars (1912-1913) 414,000 Muslim immigrated to the Ottoman Empire from the Balkans.[1]Many of them settled in Anatolia.

Muslim population in Vilayets according to the Ottoman census of 1893-1914, in thousands
Year of Census Istanbul&Catalca Aydin Bursa&Bigha Trabzon Adana Izmit Ankara Konya Sivas Kastamonu Edirne Erzurum Bitlis Aleppo Diyarbekir Mameratulaziz Van Total Increase
1893/7 440 1,120 1,232 858 341 133 736 877 767 929 434 445 167 685 289 300 59 9,812
1906/7 456 1,331 1,571 1,072 436 200 1,012 1,146 973 1,089 618 551 198 740 316 390 54 12,153 19,2%
1914 560 1,439 1,708 1,187 445 227 1,061 1,220 940 1,096 360 673 310 878 492 446 179 13,221 8,8%

2

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Provinces 1881-1893 1905-1906
Istanbul Vilayet 248,651 660,000
Adrianople Vilayet 248,651 1,108,000
Sanjak of Çatalca 248,651 81,000
Kosovo Vilayet 74,225 679,000
Bursa Vilayet 27,942 7,3%
Adana Vilayet 8,015 2,1%
Kastamonu Vilayet 8,015 2,1%
Ankara Vilayet 8,015 2,1%
Diyarbekir Vilayet 8,015 2,1%
Bitlis Vilayet 8,015 2,1%
Trebizond Vilayet 8,015 2,1%
Sivas Vilayet 8,015 2,1%
Vilayet of Mamuret-ul-Aziz 8,015 2,1%
Aleppo Vilayet 8,015 2,1%
Van Vilayet 8,015 2,1%

3

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In 1893, there were in total 19 Kaza (districts).[3]

Ottoman census of 1893, in thousands[4]
Kaza (district) Muslims Greek Orthodox Jews Others Total
Yanya Ioannina 5 78 4 - 86
Aydonat Paramythia 4 11 - - 15
Filat Filiates 10 14 - - 24
Meçva Metsovo - 5 - - 5
Leshovik Leskovik 5 14 - - 19
Koniçe Konitsa 1 15 - - 17
Pogon Pogon 1 20 - - 21
Permedi Përmet 19 10 - - 29
Yanya Sanjak 44 167 4 - 214
Ergiri Gjirokastër 12 19 - - -
Delvine Delvinë 6 14 - - -
Tepedelen Tepelenë 20 6 - - -
Kurveles 11 5 - - -
Ergiri Sanjak 48 44 - - 92
Berat Berat 72 36 - - -
Gosince 8 - - - -
Avlonya Vlorë 25 5 - - -
Lusne 11 - - - -
Berat Sanjak 116 41 - - 157
Preveze Preveza 2 10 - - -
Loros Louros 1 15 - - -
Margiliç Margariti 13 9 - - -
Preveze Sanjak 17 35 - - 53
Total Yanya province 226 287 4 1 516

4

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Ottoman census of 1893, in thousands[5]
Kaza (district) Muslims Greek Orthodox Jews foreign citizens Total
Rodos 6.4 20,7 2,7 0,7 30,6
Sombeki - -
Meyis - - - - -
Kirpa - - - - -
Kasut - - - - -
Rodos Sanjak 6,8 39,3 2,7 2,4 51,1
Sakiz - - - - -
Istankoy - - - - -
Kalimnos - - - - -
Leros - - - - -
Kalyot - - - - -
Ipsara - - - - -
Sakiz Sanjak 4,3 70,8 0,3 3,3 78,6
Midilli 4,8 25,1 0,2 3 40
Mulve 7,6 27,1 - - 34,7
Pilvar - - - - -
Yunda - - - - -
Midilli Sanjak 13,1 85,3 - 0,3 98,9
Limni 2 19,6 - - -
Imroz 0,1 9,4 - - -
Bozcaada 1,2 2,5 - - -
Limni Sanjak 3,3 31,5 - 0,2 35
Total Cezayir-i Bahr-i Sefid province 27,5 226,9 3 6,2 263,6

5

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Ottoman census of 1893, in thousands[6]
Kaza (district) Muslims Greek Orthodox Bulgarian Orthodox Jews Total
Manastir Sanjak 77,3 72,6 162,8 4,3 327,1
Görice Sanjak 76,5 50,8 37,8 0,8 165,7
Serfice Sanjak 61,8 104,4 5,4 - 171,6
Total Manastir Vilayet 225,5 227,8 205,9 5,1 664,4

6

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Population distribution of the Millets in the Ottoman Empire in 1906, according to the official census[7]-[8]
Millet Inhabitants % of total
Muslimsa 15,498,747 - 15,518,478 76.09% - 74.23%
Greeksb 2,823,065 - 2,833,370 13.86% - 13.56%
Armeniansc 1,031,708 - 1,140,563 5.07% - 5.46%
Bulgarians 761,530 - 762,754 3.74% - 3.65%
Jews 253,435 - 256,003 1.24% - 1.23%
Protestantsd 53,880 0.26%
Othersd 332,569 1.59%
Total 20,368,485 - 20,897,617 100.00%
Notes: a The Muslim Millet includes all Muslims. The largest of them being Turks, Arabs and Kurds.
b The Greek Millet includes all Christians part of the Greek Orthodox Church. This includes Slavs and Albanians.
c This includes the various Assyrian Churches.
d The first source doesn't include Protestants and "others".

7

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Stara Zagora
Year 1887 1910 1934 1946 1956 1965 1975 1985 1992 2001 2005 2009 2011 2021
Population 16,039 22,003 29,825 38,325 55,094 88,857 122,454 151,163 150,451 143,420 141,597 140,710 138,272 ??
Highest number 151,163 in 1985
Sources: National Statistical Institute,[9][10][11] citypopulation.de,[12] pop-stat.mashke.org,[13] Bulgarian Academy of Sciences[14]


8

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List of atrocities at the villages according to Ottoman documents
Villages Date Casualties Stolen/damaged property in Ottoman lira (if given) Notes
Bilecik July 22 1921-September 6, 1922 35 killed, 73 raped The town was burned: 1,800 houses, 330 stores, 18 han, 4 hammam, 2 tekke, 1 masjid, 8 mosques, 2 silk factories, 9 ovens, 6 government building and 2 madrassa were burned.
Kepirler
ÇAYIPPINAR 20,000
DEREŞEMSETTİN 160,000
PELİTÖZÜ 67,000
KÜPLÜ 34 killed 83 raped 50 tortured/wounded 120 abducted
AŞAĞIKÖY houses,mosque and school burned
BAŞKÖY March 24, 1921 1 wounded with bayonet village looted
BEKDEMİR March 25, 1921 4 killed looted, 2 houses burned
Kurt March 25, 1921 2 killed 6,000 village looted
Yeni KÖY 3 killed population fled, village burned
ŞÜKRANİYE(ÇATAK) March 24, 1921 1 old women beaten looted
SÜLEYMANİYE 2 killed looted
Yarhisar 1,800 looted
Ayvacik 250,000 looted
Elmabahce 100,500 1 house burned, looted
Erkoca 25 women raped 258,000 looted
Hasan Dere 2 wounded 35,000 looted
Kendirli 100,000 looted
KÜNCEĞİZ (KÜNÇEZ) 400,000 looted
BAĞDECİK 166,850 looted
ALPAGUT 2 killed 2 wounded 12 beaten looted
KARAAĞAÇ 3 killed looted
KINIK 1 killed 108,300 looted
OKLUCA 10 beaten looted
KOYUNKÖY 1 women raped 150,000 looted
KAVAKLI (SULTANİYE) 1 killed 500,000 looted
Bozüyük March 24-May 1, 1921 women in 7 houses raped 1st occupation town was looted, in the second the town was burned
AKÇABİKAR population had fled, looted, 53 houses, mosque and school burned.
ALİBEYDUZU 118,000 population had fled, village was burned
BOZALAN 1034 population had fled to mountains, village was looted
ÇAYDERE 1165 350 kuruş population fled, cattle and property damaged.
DARIDERE 837,000 population had fled, village and property damaged.
DELİELMACIK 8 killed 714,200 looted
GÜNYARIK 4375-220,500 population had fled, looted
HAMDİYE 14 killed 1362 population had fled, remaining 14 were killed, looted
KAPANALAN 533,320 kuruş population had fled, looted
KARABAYIR population had fled, looted and partly burned
KIZILTEPE 9185 population had fled, looted
KUYUPINAR 230 population had fled, looted
REVNAK 38,450 population had fled, looted
Pazaryeri (PAZARCIK) 28 killed, 8 wounded, 1 women raped, 102 abducted 776,230 37 houses, 7 stores burned
AHMETLER 400 looted
BÜYÜK ELMALI (ELMALI KESİR) March 24, 1921 18 tortured, 2 abducted 457,000 looted
GÜMÜŞDERE 1 tortured, many beaten 105 houses burned/destroyed, looted
KARAKOY population had fled, looted and partly burned.
Söğüt 1st March 24-May 1, 1921, 2st August 4, 1921-September 4, 1922
BORÇAK 1 killed 1 tortured 21,700 kuruş
HAYRİYE all houses burned, looted
SAVCIBEY (AKTAŞ) population had fled, damage to property
KAMURANTEKKE (DORUK) 25 houses burned
HABİTABAT before the occupation most of the animals and properties were transported, remaining population terrorized by Greek soldiers, in return for chickens,eggs and money the houses were not burned.
KÜRE March 27, 1921 Some were robbed, Greek soldiers demanded 200 lira from villagers or threatened to burn the place, they paid and were saved, chicken and eggs were still looted.
SIRHOCA March 25, 1921 Villagers were prepared before and saved their women from rape, mosque, school and 48 houses were burnt, looted.
HAMİDİYE March 25, 1921 14 killed by torture 126,200 looted
ZEYVE (DEREBOYU) 3 abducted, many beaten and tortured, some women raped completely looted
DÖNMEZ 1 wounded with bullet, many beaten 240 looted
KIZILSARAY 1 remaining women wounded with bayonet, 3 girls raped population had fled, looted
Total 117+ killed, 113+ raped, 62+ wounded/tortured, 225+ abducted 20,243,804 271+ houses burned


List of buildings destroyed in Western Anatolian cities
Cities
Manisa 13,633 14,773
Alasehir 4,350 4,500
Salihli 2,000 2,200
Turgutlu 6,126 6,326
Gordes 431
Aydin 6,243
Nazilli 2,121
Soke 1,731
Karacabey 1,965
Orhangazi 408
Bilecik 2,245
Sogut 948
Yenisehir 1,187
Pazarcik 748 847
Iznik 644 648
Karamursel 615
Yalova 232 286
Eskisehir 1,867
Mihaliccik 905
Usak 1,971
Gediz 694
Civril 405
Esme 307
Bandirma 1,305
Afyon 394
Total 54,305
List of buildings destroyed in the countryside
Sancak or Kaza Buildings destroyed
Izmir 13,599
Saruhan 9,084
Aydin 8,326
Denizli 634
Bursa 13,668
Ertugrul 3,235
Izmit 17,728
Eskisehir 21,711
Karesi 6,385
Afyon 894
Haymana 1,127
Total 87,669
  • Alaşehir
  • Manisa
  • Turgutlu
  • Salihli
  • Eskişehir
  • Uşak
  • Afyon
  • Söğüt
  • Inegöl
  • Yenişehir
  • Aydın
  • Izmir
  • Yalova
  • Karacabey
  • Kemalpaşa
  • Orhangazi
  • Kütahya
  • Gördes
  • Bilecik
  • Nazilli
  • Bozöyük
  • Pazaryeri
  • Mihalıççık
  • Dumlupınar
  • Emet
  • Eşme
  • Kula
  • Söke
  • Adapazarı
  • Ödemiş
  • Tire
  • Karamürsel
  • Iznik
  • Çivril
  • Bandırma

The city and crops were burned down by the retreating Greek army, local people were massacred.[15]In Bilecik 1,800 houses, 8 mosques, 2 madrasa, 330 stores were burned. Sögüt, Bozüyük and dozens of neighboring villages were burned or plundered, thousands of cattle from the locals driven away. In many areas the Greek army had to limit its destruction and retreated quickly for the advancing Turkish army also many people already had fled. In Bilecik were in total 35 killed, 72 women and girls raped, in the surrounding areas were in total 173 killed, 37 girls 117 women raped. Hundreds of people were carried away by the Greeks. [16]

List of massacres during the Greco-Turkish War (1919–22)

Reflist

[edit]
  1. ^ The Balkan Exchange of Minorities and Its Impact on Greece, Dimitri Pentzopoulos, page 188, 2002
  2. ^ Ottoman Population, 1830-1914: Demographic and Social Characteristics, Kemal H. Karpat, page 122-123, 1985
  3. ^ Ottoman Population, 1830-1914: Demographic and Social Characteristics, Kemal H. Karpat, page 122-123, 1985
  4. ^ Ottoman Population, 1830-1914: Demographic and Social Characteristics, Kemal H. Karpat, page 146-147, 1985
  5. ^ Ottoman Population, 1830-1914: Demographic and Social Characteristics, Kemal H. Karpat, page 130-131, 1985
  6. ^ Ottoman Population, 1830-1914: Demographic and Social Characteristics, Kemal H. Karpat, page 144-145, 1985
  7. ^ Studies on Ottoman social and political history, Kemal H. Karpat, p.766, 2002
  8. ^ History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey, Stanford Jay Shaw, p.241, 1977
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference cities census 2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ (in Bulgarian)National Statistical Institute - Towns population 1956-1992
  11. ^ (in English) Bulgarian National Statistical Institute - Census 2011
  12. ^ (in English) „WorldCityPopulation“
  13. ^ „pop-stat.mashke.org“
  14. ^ (in Bulgarian) Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
  15. ^ State-Nationalisms in the Ottoman Empire, Greece and Turkey: Benjamin C. Fortna,Stefanos Katsikas,Dimitris Kamouzis,Paraskevas Konortas, page 64, 2012
  16. ^ http://atam.gov.tr/bilecik-ve-cevresinde-yunan-mezalimi/
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